279.1.

When you retire at the age of sixty-five, you receive a pension

2. If production in that factory exceeds the target, the workers get a .bonus

3. Income tax is related to one's annual income.

4. The cost of living has risen by 25% in the last six months.

5. The kidnappers demanded a ransom of 1 000 000.

6. The World Bank has criticised the Unated States for not giving enough financial aid to the
East European countries/

7. You can effect/supplement your basic wage by working longer hours.

8. A salesman is paid a percentage on the goods he sells.

9. The President admitted taking bribes and had to resign.

10. In our country an allowance of $ 250 is paid weekly to a family with more than three
children.

11. Mr Mean cannot bear to part with even the smallest sum of money for a charity appeal.

12. Mr Rich carns $8,000 a month gross and $5 000 a month net.

13. You can only cash this postal order at a post office.

14. If they are not more careful with their accounts, they will go bankrupt.

15. The Finance Minister will be making a notice today about new rates of income tax.

16. If I had another $25,000 a year, I would consider myself well off

17. All the workers in our firm get a Christmas bonus of $ 100.

18. "Can you give something for the orphans?" he asked, rattling a collecting-box.

19. Before starting a business, you have to raise the necessary capital.

20. The usual reason for exemption from tax does not apply in this case.

21. Mrs Unemployed is finding it difficult to pay the premiums on her insurance policy.

22. Our company made a record profit last year.

23. While you are away from the office on business trips, you will be given a daily allowance of
$ 50 towards meals and accommodation.
24. I hate the beginning of each year when all the bills start coming in and I have to find the
money to pay them all.

280.1. a fixed amount which is paid, usually monthly, to workers of higher rank

2. an amount of money which lend to someone.

3. a sum of money which is owed to someone

4. money which is in the form of coins and notes, not cheques

5. an amount of money you receive, usually weekly, in return for labour or service

6. money paid by divorced father to his former wife for the upkeep of his children

7. tax on imported articles paid to the Customs

8. paid at a restaurant after eating

9. extra percentage paid on a loan

10. money paid for professional services, e.g. to a doctor

11. money paid by the state, usually students

12. money paid by a company or the state on your retirement

13. paid as a punishment for breaking the law

14. paid to the government for services that the state provides

15. paid while travelling, especially on public transport, buses, trains, etc.

281.Money is what people use to buy things. People spend money on goods and services. Many
people save part of their money by depositing it in a bank. People earn money by performing
services. They also earn money from investments, including government bonds, and from
savings account. Currency can be anything that people agree to accept in exchange for the
things they sell or the work they do. Ancient peoples used such varied things as beads, shells,
and cattle as money. Today, most nations use metal coins and paper bills. Different countries'
coins and bills look different and have different names. A person can change his money for the
money of any country according to the exchange rate. Usually, such rates are set by the central
banks of a country. The value of a country`s money may change, depending on the economic
and political conditions in that country.
282.a) royalties - money paid to authors or inventors according to the sales of their work

b) an investment - a sum of money used to make more money from something that will
increase in value

c) a mortgage - the money which a building society or bank lends to someone to buy a house

d) premium - the money that a person pays to an insurance company to protect against loss or
damage

e) a allowance - money, usually from a relative, to live on

f) a bonus - an additional payment which is a reward to those who work for a company for their
extra work

g) an overdraft - the amount of money borrowed from a bank, greater than that which is in
your account

h) a legacy - money received from someone in his or her will

i) a divident - the amount of money that goes to a shareholder

j) maitenance - money paid by divorced or separated people to support the former husband or
wife

k) a deposit - part of the value of a company that you may buy

I) a share - part-payment of money which you make to stop the seller from selling his goods to
others

m) comission - an amount of money, related to the value of goods sold, which is paid to a
salesman for his services

283.
1. The going rate for the job is 7 an hour.

2. When you buy a house you can claim tax relief on the mortgage.

3. Inflation is the first problem that the new government will have to tackle

4. Mr Teenager's inheritance will be held in trust for him until he is 21. Then he will be free to
spend it.

5. When the company was declared bankrupt, all its fixed assets were claimed by its creditors.

6. Our country has never had a large surplus in its balance of payments.

7. Miss Cheating is in trouble because she has not paid her National Insurance contributions for
ten years.
8. People in financial difficulties sometimes fall prey to unscrupulous money lenders.

9. Because Mr Sacked has just lost his job, his aunt's legacy came as a useful windfall.

10. The government has introduced stringent currency controls which will make it more difficult
to holiday abroad.

11. If you don't complete your income tax return, you may have to pay more than is necessary.

12. As a result of increased productivity, the workers received a substantial pay increase.

13. $150? $250? Let's split

14. Newly minted coins always look clean and shining.

15. For some jobless people, joining the dole queue is a humiliating experience.

16. If a man is legally separated from his wife, is he still liable for her debts?

17. The two men tossed a coin to see who should take care of the business on the weekend.

18. No-one knows precisely how much she earns a month, but $4,000 can't be very wide of the
mark.

19. The difference between the rich and the poor is very evident in the Western World.

20. The salary is $35,000 per annum, with annual increments of $2,000 for five years.

21. The government's policy is to subsidise firms in trouble to prevent unemployment.

22. Being a teacher, I shop at stores which offer a discount to teachers.

23. Share prices on the Stock Exchange plunged sharply in the morning but recovered slightly in
the afternoon.

24. The firm will go bankrupt if it cannot meet its liabilities

25. Mr Businessman needed $ 10,000, but as his capital was tied up in shares, he borrowed it
from his bank. a) bound b) knotted c) locked d)

84. MONEY.
1. I spend about $1.5 a week on bus fares
2. I had to pay duty on the Turkish carpet I brought in through the Customs yesterday
3. Now that Mr Old has retired, he lives partly on his pension and partly on the interest from his
post office savings account.
4. In spite of its size his family was quite well off, because he brought in a good salary.
5.Gold would be a good investment it's bound to increase in value.
6. Due to inflation the standard of living went down by fifteen percent
7. I couldn't buy the house because the bank refused to let me have a mortgage
8. If you borrowed money from him, you are under an obligation to give it back.
9. You must stop wasting your money on silly things and start saving. This is the only solution to
your financial troubles.
10. One dollar is equal to over 20.000 zł.
11. The main advantage of a cheque book or credit card is that you don't have to carry cash
around with you.
12. I carry loose change in my pocket and notes in my leather wallett.

285.
1. Every Friday Fred drew money out of the bank.
2. The value of the pound has fallen recently.
3. In order to buy his house Mr Not-Too-Rich had to obtain a large loan from his bank
4. The accounts show a deficit of $ 500 this month.
5. Violetta drew out all her savings from the bank to pay for her trip to Thailand.
6. The bank will require three specimen signatures when you open an account.
7. Miss Thrifty phoned the bank to check how much money there was in her account.
8. Corruption in the running of the town's largest bank has recently been exposed in the local
newspaper
9. Many people save money to provide for their old age.
10. Mr Royce had to withdraw all his savings from the bank to pay for a new car.
11. The bank is offering a reward to anyone who can give information about the robbery.
12. The branch of the bank where I work is in the suburbs.
13. I didn't write it. That's not my signature on the cheque.
14. I'm afraid that the bank will refuse my application for an extended overdraft.
15. At this bank you can get 14% interest on your savings.
16. I want $ 500-worth of French francs. What is the exchange rate, please?
17. Miss Positive assured the bank manager that she would be able to repay the loan.
18. The debt should be paid in full within thirty days of receiving this statement.
19.I have just opened. an account in this bank.
20. Miss Thrifty draws only $ 15 out of thc bank every week.
21. Please complete the enclosed form und return it to the branch manager.
22. We regret to inform you that settlement of your account is three months overdue.
23. $1 is equivalent to 1.6 German marks.
24. We cannot give you the money until you show us some form of identification or a driving
licence will do.

286. Banks
People SAVE money in banks for fulure use. A man may be PAID each week for his work. He
probably will not want to SPEND all his pay the day he receives it. It may be risky for him to
carry all his unspent money in his POCKET, or to HIDE it at home. So he may decide to put some
of his money in a bank lor SAFEKEEPING. The money he puts in the bank is called a DEPOSIT.
This money is CREDITED, or added, to his ACCOUNT. An account is a RECORD of the money a
depositor has in the bank. When the depositor wants to WITHDRAW, or take out, part of his
deposit, the BANK must be ready to pay him. Banks use the money of DEPOSITORS for loans to
those who need FUNDS. The bank that makes the loan is callcd a lender, or CREDITOR. The bank
charge the borrower, or DEBTOR, interest for the use of the LOAN. Charging INTEREST for the
use of money is the chief source of BANK INCOME

287. BANKS.
1. Please find enclosed our sliding scale for life insurance premiums.
2. My enquiries did not elicit any information of value.
3. His bank manager decided to give him financial backing for the new shop.
4. Many people who go to see their bank manager have a cash flow problem.
5. Reminders must be sent out to all customers whose accounts are more than a month
overdue.
6. The notes in the wallet were all counterfeit American dollars.