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(Reaffirmed 2014) 

I S : 6162 ( P a r t I ) -  l971
(Reaffirmed 1993)
Indian Standard (Reaffirmed 2013) 
(Reaffirmed 2018)
SPECIFICATION FOR  
PAPER-COVERED ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS
(Reaffirmed 2012) 
PART I ROUND CONDUCTORS
 

Fourth Reprint SEPTEMBER 1997 (Reaffirmed 2011) 

(Incorporating Amendments No. 1, 2, 3 and 4)
 

(Reaffirmed 2010) 
UDC 621.315.334.6:669.71
 

(Reaffirmed 2009) 

(Reaffirmed 2008) 

(Reaffirmed 2007) 

(Reaffirmed 2006) 

 
© Copyright 1997
(Reaffirmed 2005) 
BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS
MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG  
NEW DELHI 110002
Gr 6 December 1971
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IS : 6162(Part I) - 1971
(Reaffirmed 1993)
Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
PAPER-COVERED ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS
PART I ROUND CONDUCTORS
Winding Wires Sectional Committee, ETDC 33
Chairman Representing
SHRI K. DORAISWAMY Dr Beck & Co ( I n d i a ) Ltd, Poona
Members
SHRI S. B. BAPAT (Alternate to
Shri K. Doraiswamy)
SHRI C. E. BHASKAR R A O Bharat Bijlee Ltd, Bombay
SHRI R. W. PRADHAN (Alternate)
SHRI D. P. BHATIA Directorate General of Supplies & Disposals (Inspec-
tion Wing)
SHRI J . L. CHHABRA (Alternate)
WG C D R H. S. BHATIA Directorate of Technical Development and
Production ( A i r )
SHRI H . C. PANDE (Alternate)
C H I E F ELECTRICAL ENGINEER Railway Board
DEPUTY CHIEF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEER (Alternate)
DIRECTOR OF NAVAL AVIATION AND Naval Headquarters
MATERIAL
DEPUTY DIRECTOR ( A I R M A T E ­
R I A L ) (Alternate)
SHRI M. L. GANGULY Indian Cable Co Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI M. D E Y (Alternate)
SHRI V. GOPALAKRISHNAN Indian Telephone Industries Ltd, Bangalore
SHRI L. KRISHNAMURTHY (Alternate)
DR A. K. GOSWAMY Heavy Electricals ( I n d i a ) Ltd, Bhopal
SHRI S. KUMAR (Alternate)
SHRI R. K. GUPTA Directorate General of Technical Development
DR V. AHMED (Alternate)
SHRI R. P. GUPTA Electrical Industries Corporation, Calcutta
SHRI R . C. GARG (Alternate)
SHRI K. GURURAJA Bharat Electronics Ltd, Bangalore
SHRI R. SOMASEKHARA (Alternate)
SHRI P. N. HIRIYANNAIAH Kirloskar Electric Co Ltd, Bangalore
SHRI R. D. JOSHI Directorate General of Posts & Telegraphs (Depart-
ment of Communications)
DIVISIONAL ENGINEER TELE­
GRAPHS ( C ) (Alternate)
SHRI M. R. LODH Devidayal Cable Industries Ltd, Bombay
SHRI KAMAL AGGARWAL (Alternate)

(Continued on page 2)

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002
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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) -1971
(Continued from page 1)
Members Representing
SHRI D. R. MANOHAR National Insulated Cable Co of India Ltd, Calcutta
SHRI J . S. BHAN (Alternate)
SHRI S. V. MARFATIA Insurance Association of India, Bombay
SHRI A. C. M O D Y (Alternate)
S H R I S. K. MUKHERJEE National Test House, Calcutta
SHRI A . N . NIMKAR Jyoti Ltd, Baroda
SHRI P . V . BALAKRISHNAN (Alternate)
SHRI M. A. PANDIT Crompton Greaves Ltd, Bombay
SHRI P. F. PARIKH Hindustan Transmission Products, Bombay
SHRI A. K. RAMAN Asian Cables Corporation Ltd, Bombay
SHRI T . SHANMUGASUNOARAM (Alternate)
SHRI H. C. T E W A R I Central Water & Power Commission (Power Wing)
SHRI H. R. VERMA Indian Electrical Manufacturers' Association
(Transformers G r o u p ) , Calcutta
SHRI D. A. TRALSHAWALA (Alternate)
SHRI Y. S. VENKATESWARAN, Director General, BIS (Ex-Officio Member)
Director (Elec tech)
Secretary
SHRI HARCHARAN SINGH
Assistant Director (Elec t e c h ) , BIS

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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
PAPER-COVERED ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS
PART I ROUND CONDUCTORS

0. FOREWORD
0.1 This Indian Standard (Part I) was adopted by the Indian Standards
Institution on 14 June 1971, after the draft finalized by the Winding Wires
Sectional Committee had been approved by the Electrotechnical Division
Council.
0.2 This standard has been formulated in view of the increasing use of
aluminium as electrical conductor for windings of electrical machines,
such as transformers.
0.3 In the preparation of this standard, assistance has been derived from
the following publications:
IEC Publication 111 (1959) Recommendations for the resistivity of
commercial hard-drawn aluminium electrical conductor wire.
International Electrotechnical Commission.
IEC Publication 121 (1960) Recommendations for commercial
annealed aluminium electrical conductor wire. International
Electrotechnical Commission.
BS 2627 : 1961 Specification for wrought aluminium for electrical
purposes wire (other than that used for overhead conductors).
British Standards Institution.
0.4 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this
standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, express­
ing the result of a test, shall be rounded off in accordance with IS : 2-1960*.
The number of significant places retained in the rounded off value should
be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

1. SCOPE
1.1 General — This standard ( P a r t I) gives requirements and tests for
round aluminium conductors, covered with two or more layers of paper,
primarily intended for transformer windings.
*Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised).
3
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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971
1.2 Sizes — The requirements of this standard are applicable to conduc­
tors having diameters 0.500 to 5.000 mm, both inclusive.
1.3 Grades off Covering — Three grades of covering are specified:
a) Double paper covering, Ordinary (O);
b) Double paper covering, Fine (F); and
c) Multiple paper covering, Special (S).

2. TERMINOLOGY
2.0 For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions shall apply.
2.1 Wire — The insulated material as received.
2.2 Conductor — The bare metal after removal of the paper covering.
2.3 Increase in Diameter Due to Covering — The difference between
the diameter over the paper covering and the diameter of the conductor.
2.4 Tolerance — The permissible divergence of an actual magnitude from
that prescribed.
2.5 Overlap Wound — Paper tape wound with each turn overlapping
the preceding turn by not less than 25 percent of the paper width.

3. GENERAL TEST CONDITIONS

3.1 Unless otherwise specified, all tests shall be carried out within a
temperature range of 15 to 35°C, and at a relative humidity range of 45
to 75 percent. Before measurements are made, the specimens shall be
preconditioned under these atmospheric conditions for a time sufficient to
allow specimens to reach stability.
3.2 The wire to be tested shall be removed from the packaging in such a
way that the wire will not be subjected to tension or unnecessary bends.
3.3 Before each test sufficient wire shall be discarded to ensure that any
damaged wire is not included in the test specimens.
3.4 When no specific range of sizes is given for a test, the test is applicable
to all sizes.

4. CONDUCTOR

4.1 Material — The conductor shall be manufactured from EC grade

aluminium ingots conforming to any of the two grades specified in

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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971
IS : 4026-1969*, and shall be in one of the following conditions:
Annealed O
Three-quarter hard H3†
Hard H4†
4.1.1 Physical Constants for Aluminium
4.1.1.1 Resistance — The resistance at 20°C of an aluminium conductor
1 m in length and of a uniform cross-sectional area 1 mm2 shall be taken
as follows:
Condition Resistivity
ohm mm2/m
O 0.028 0
H3 0.028 264
H4 0.028 264
4.1.1.2 Density — The density at 20°C shall be taken as 2.703 g/cm 3 .
4.1.1.3 Coefficient of linear expansion — The coefficient of linear expansion
at 20°C shall be taken as 23 × 10–6 per deg Celsius.
4.1.1.4 'Constant mass' temperature coefficient of resistance — The constant
mass temperature coefficient of resistance at 20°C measured between two
potential points rigidly fixed to the conductor, shall be taken as 0.004 per
deg Celsius.
NOTE — For any temperature t0 bove 0°C, the temperature coefficient of
resistance is

4.2 Diameter
4.2.1 The diameters and tolerance on conductor diameters shall be as
given in Table 1.
NOTE — The conductors shall be checked for diameter and/or resistance in the
following manner:
Diameter Measurement
mm
Up to and including 1.000 By resistance and diameter
Over 1.000 Only by diameter
4.3 Resistance — (see Note under 4.2.1)
4.3.1 The resistance of the conductors at 20°C shall be as given in
Table 1.
*Specification for aluminium ingots (EC grade) (first revision).
†New designations H3 and H4 for the old designations 3/4H and H respectively (see
IS : 5052-1969 Temper designations of aluminium and its alloys).

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IS : 6162 (Part I). 1971

TABLE 1 DIAMETERS AND RESISTANCES OF PAPER COVERED ROUND
ALUMINIUM CONDUCTORS
(Clauses 4.2.1, 4.3.1, 4.3.2 and 7.1)
NOMINAL T O L E ­ ORDINARY FINE RESISTANCE AT 20°C FOR CONDITION
CONDUC­ RANCE COVERING ( O ) COVERING (F)
TOR
DIAMETER Overall Increase Overall Increase O H 3 and H 4
Dia in Dia Dia in Dia
Max Min Max Min Nominal Max Min Nominal Max Min
±t
mm mm mm mm mm mm Ω/m Ω/m Ω/m Ω/m Ω/m
Ω/m
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12)

0.500 0.005 0.755 0.200 0.680 0.150 0.142 6 0.146 5 0.138 8 0.1439 0.148 1 0.1399
0.560 0.006 0.815 0.200 0.740 0.150 0.113 7 0·1170 0.1105 0.1148 0.1183 0.1139
0.630 0.006 0.885 0.200 0.810 0.150 0.089 82 0·092 21 0.087 51 0.090 67 0.093 21 0.088 22
6

0.710 0.007 0.990 0.225 0.890 0.150 0.070 72 0·072 65 0.068 85 0.071 39 0.073 44 0.069 41

0.750 0.008 1.035 0.225 0.935 0.150 0.063 38 0·065 22 0.061 60 0·063 98 0.065 92 0.062 11
0.800 0.008 1.085 0.225 0.985 0.150 0.055 70 0·057 24 0.054 22 0.056 23 0.057 86 0.054 66
0.850 0.009 1.135 0.225 1.035 0.150 0.049 34 0·050 77 0.047 97 0.049 81 0.051 32 0.048 16
0.900 0.009 1.185 0.225 1.085 0.150 0.044 01 0·045 23 0.042 84 0.044 43 0.045 72 0.043 19

0.950 0.010 1.235 0.225 1.135 0.150 0.039 50 0·040 64 0·038 41 0 . 3 9 87 0.041 08 0.038 72
1.000 0.010 1.285 0.225 1.210 0.175 0.035 65 0·036 63 0·034 70 0.035 99 0·037 03 0·034 98
1.060 0.011 1.345 0.225 1.270 0.175 0.031 73 — — 0.032 03 — —
1.120 0.011 1.405 0.225 1.330 0.175 0.028 42 — — 0.028 69 — —

1.180 0.012 1.465 0.225 1.390 0.175 0.025 60 — — 0.025 85 — —

1.250 0.013 1.540 0.225 1.465 0.175 0.022 82 — — 0.023 03 — —
1.320 0.013 1.610 0.225 1.535 0.175 0·020 46 — — 0.020 65 — —
1.400 0.014 1.715 0.250 1.640 0·200 0.018 19 — — 0.018 36 — —
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1.500 0·015 1.815 0.250 1.740 0.200 0.015 84 — — 0.015 99

1.600 0.016 1.915 0.250 1.840 0.200 0.013 93 — — 0.014 06
1.700 0.017 2.015 0.250 1.940 02.00 0.012 34 — — 0.012 45
1.800 0.018 2.120 0.250 2.045 0.200 0.011 00 — — 0.011 11

1.900 0.019 2.220 0.250 2.145 0.200 0.009 876 — — 0.009 969
2.000 0.020 2.370 0.300 2.270 0.225 0.008 913 — — 0.008 997
2.120 0.021 2.490 0.300 2.390 0.225 0.007 932 — — 0.008 007
2.240 0.022 2.610 0.300 2.510 0.225 0.007 105 — — 0.007 172

2.360 0.024 2.735 0.300 2.635 0.225 0.006 401 — — 0.006 461
2.500 0.025 2.875 0.300 2.775 0.225 0.005 704 — — 0.005 758
2.650 0.027 3.025 0.300 2.930 0.225 0.005 077 — — 0.005 124
2.800 0.028 3.180 03.00 3.080 0.225 0.004 547 — — 0.004 590

3.000 0.030 3.380 0.300 3.280 0.225 0.003 961 — — 0.003 998
3.530 0.300 3.430 0.225 0.003 593 — — 0.003 626
7

3.150 0.032
3.350 0.034 3.735 0.300 3.635 0.225 0.003 177 — — 0.003 206
3.550 0.036 3.935 0·300 3.835 0.225 0.002 829 — — 0.002 855

3.750 0.038 4.140 0.300 4.040 0.225 0.002 535 — — 0.002 559
4.000 0.040 4.390 0.300 4.315 0.225 0.002 228 — — 0.002 249

IS: 6162 (Part I)-1971

4.250 0.043 4.645 0.300 4.570 0.225 0.001 974 — — 0.001 992
4.500 0.045 4.895 0.300 4.820 0.225 0.001 761 — — 0.001 777

4.750 0.048 5.150 0.300 5.075 0.225 0.001 580 0.001 595
0.050 5.400 0.300 5.325 0.225 0.001 426 — — 0.001 439
5.000
— —
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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971
4.3.1.1 The resistance of the conductor shall be expressed as the dc
resistance at 20°C. The method used shall provide an accuracy of
0.5 percent.
One measurement shall be made.
If the resistance Rt is measured at a temperature t other than 20°C,
the resistance R20 at 20°C, shall be calculated by means of the formula:

where
t is the actual temperature in °C during the measurement.
4.3.2 Tolerance on Resistance — The maximum and minimum permissible
values of resistance shall be as given in Table 1 and are calculated by the
method described in Appendix A.
4.4 Tensile Strength and Elongation — A sample of conductor 250 mm
long between grips shall be steadily stretched at a rate not more than
100 mm/min until the conductor fractures. The tensile strength and
elongation at fracture shall comply with the requirements of Table 2.
NOTE — It is recognized that 0.2 percent proof stress values of aluminium are of
importance. These values are under consideration and will be included later.
4.5 Wrapping Test — The conductor shall be wrapped round a conduc­
tor of its own diameter to form a close helix of 8 turns; 6 turns shall then
be unwrapped and again closely rewrapped in the same direction as the
first wrapping. The conductor shall not crack.
4.6 Joints — Unless otherwise agreed to between the purchaser and the
supplier, all joints in the conductor shall be welded and subsequently cold
worked. Where unworked joints are permitted by agreement, the type of
joint and the marking shall be as agreed.
4.7 Freedom from Defects — The conductor shall be finished clean
and smooth and shall be substantially free from slivers, spills, dust, cracks
and other defects.

5. PAPER
5.1 Grade of Paper — The paper, before application, shall be free from
metallic and other injurious inclusions, shall have no deleterious effect
on insulating oil and shall be of such quality that it will satisfy the require­
ments of 5.2 to 5.8.
5.2 Thickness — The thickness of the paper used shall preferably be
between the limits of 0.025 and 0.075 mm, both inclusive.

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IS : 6162 (Part I)-1971

TABLE 2 TENSILE STRENGTH AND ELONGATION

(Clause 4.4)
CONDITION NOMINAL CONDUCTOR TENSILE STRENGTH ELONGATION,
DIAMETER Min
Min Max PERCENT
Over U p to and
including
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
mm mm *MN/m2 *MN/m2
O — 5.000 69 100 15
H3 — 5.000 125 166 —
H4 1.300 1.500 192 — —
1.500 1.800 187 — —
1.800 2.000 182 — —
2.000 2.300 178 — —
2.300 2.500 174 — —
2.500 2.800 170 — —— (see 4 . 5 )
2.800 3.000 167 — —
3.000 3.300 164 — —
3.300 3.600 162 — —
3.600 3.800 161 — —
3.800 4.100 160 — —
4.100 5.000 159 — —
NOTE — It is to be noted that the tensile strength values for conductor diameter over
3 mm for H4 condition are overlapping with those of H3. When discriminatory
values are evolved, the same will be included.
*Meganewton.

5.2.1 The measurement of thickness shall be done in accordance with 7

of IS : 1060 (Part I)-1966*.
5.3 Tensile Strength — The tensile strength of the paper, when deter­
mined in accordance with 12.3 of I S : 1060 (Part I)-1966*, shall be not
less than 55 †MN/m 2 in the longitudinal direction and 20 †MN/m 2 in the
transverse direction.
5.4 Ageing (Bursting Strength) Test — The bursting strength of the
paper shall be determined as described in Appendix B before and after the
heat ageing treatment described in the same appendix. The decrease in
the bursting strength of the paper due to the heat treatment shall not
exceed 20 percent.
5.5 pH Value of Water Extract — The pH value of water extract of the
paper when determined by the method described in Appendix K
of IS : 1576-1967‡ shall be not less than 6.5 and not more than 8.0.
*Method of sampling and test for paper and allied products, Part I (revised).
†Meganewton.
‡Specification for solid pressboard for electrical purposes.

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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971

5.6 Conductivity of Water Extract — The conductivity of the water

extract of the paper, when determined as described in Appendix D, shall
be not greater than 22 microsiemens per centimetre.
5.7 Oil Absorption — The height to which the oil shall rise in either the
longitudinal or the transverse direction of paper, when it is tested as
described in Appendix E shall be between the appropriate limits given in
Table 3.

TABLE 3 OIL ABSORPTION

NOMINAL THICKNESS H E I G H T OF RISE OF O I L
OF PAPER

(1) (2)
mm mm
0.075 35 to 65
0.065 30 „ 60
0.050 25 „ 55
0.038 20 „ 50
0.025 15 „ 45

5.8 Ageing in Oil — The tensile strength of the paper when determined
in accordance with 12.3 of IS : 1060 ( P a r t I)-1966*, before and after
keeping the specimens in insulating oil, as described in 5.8.1, shall indicate
the measure for ageing. The difference between the two values shall
be not more than 25 percent of the first value.
5.8.1 From the test piece, twelve test strips 250 × 15 mm shall be taken
in the longitudinal direction and twelve in the transverse direction. They
shall be stored in insulating oil at 105°C for 7 days.

6. APPLICATION OF PAPER
6.1 General — To prevent the inclusion of aluminium dust or other
extraneous matter under the paper covering, the conductor shall be fully
cleaned by felt pads or other suitable means immediately before entering
the paper covering machine. Each layer of paper shall be continuous,
firmly applied and substantially free from creases. No bonding or adhesive
material shall be used except to anchor the ends of paper. Any such
bonding or adhesive material shall have no deleterious effect on trans­
former oil, insulating paper or the electric strength of the covering. Where
more than two layers of covering are used, the outermost layer shall be the
thickest.
*Method of sampling and test for paper and allied products, Part I (revised).
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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971
6.2 Width of Paper — Unless otherwise agreed to between the manu­
facturer and the purchaser, the width of the paper used for lapping shall
not exceed three times the diameter of the conductor with a maximum of
12 mm and a minimum of 3 mm.
6.3 Arrangement of Layers — According to the number of layers used,
the paper shall be applied as follows:
a) Two Layers — W h e n there are two layers, both of them shall be
overlap wound in the opposite directions.
b ) More than Two Layers — All the layers shall be overlap wound in
the same direction.
NOTE — Layer arrangements differing from those specified in this clause may be
adopted by agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser provided that
the insulated conductor meets all the other requirements of this standard.

7. OVERALL DIAMETER AND INCREASE IN DIAMETER

7.1 Double Paper Covering, Ordinary (O) and Fine ( F ) — The maxi­
mum overall diameter and the minimum increase in diameter due to covering
shall be in accordance with Table 1.
7.2 Multiple Paper Covering, Special ( S ) — The overall diameter of the
covered wire shall be as agreed to between the manufacturer and the pur­
chaser; however, the increase in diameter due to covering shall not
exceed that specified nor shall it be less than that specified by more than
the appropriate tolerances given in Table 4.

TABLE 4 TOLERANCE ON SPECIAL COVERING

INCREASE IN DIAMETER TOLERANCE, PERCENT
DUE TO COVERING

(1) (2)
mm
0.25 to 0.50, inclusive
10
Over 0.5 up to and including 1.3 7.5
Over 1.3 5

7.3 Measuring Equipment — The measurement shall be made with an

accuracy better than 0.002 mm. If a micrometer is used it shall be ensured
that the measuring force is in the range of 0.75 to 1.25 N. The spindle
and the anvil of the micrometer shall have a diameter of 5 to 8 mm.
Alternatively a force of 1 to 3 N may be used.
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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971

7.4 Measuring Method

7.4.1 Overall Diameter of the Wire — Approximately 1.5 m length of the
wire from the reel shall be discarded and the diameter shall be determined
over the paper covering. Three measurements at 60° angular displacement
shall be made around the circumference of the wire at each of two places
1 m apart.
The average of the six results shall be reported as 'overall diameter'.
7.4.2 Conductor Diameter — The paper covering shall be removed at two
places 1 m apart.
Three measurments at 60° angular displacement shall be made
around the circumference of the conductor at these places.
The average of the six results for the bare diameter shall be reported
as 'conductor diameter'.
7.4.3 Increase in Diameter — The difference between the overall dia­
meter and the conductor diameter is the increase in diameter due to the
covering.

8. PACKING AND MARKING

8.1 The wire shall be tightly and evenly wound on reels (see IS : 482-
1968*) in such a direction that when unrolled, the exposed edge of the
overlap of the outer layer of the paper is towards the drum.
8.1.1 The label which is to be securely attached to the reel, shall have
the following information:
a ) Manufacturer's name or trade-mark,
b ) Grade of covering,
c ) Nominal conductor diameter,
d ) Weight of wire, and
e ) Number of lengths, if there is more than one length of wire in
one reel.

8.1.2 When more than one length of wire is wound on the same reel,
the different lengths shall not be anchored with each other, but strips of
paper having colour distinctly different from that of the paper covered
conductor shall be placed between two adjacent lengths to mark the start
of the next length.

*Specification for reels for covered, round electrical winding wires (second revision).

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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971

All dimensions in millimetres.

FIG. 1 T Y P I C A L SPECIMEN FOR E L E C T R I C STRENGTH (PROOF) TEST

TABLE 5 TEST VOLTAGE FOR ELECTRIC STRENGTH (PROOF) TEST

(Clause 8.1)
SPECIFIED MINIMUM INCREASE TEST VOLTAGE FOR DOUBLE
IN DIAMETER DUE TO THE PAPER COVERING, ORDINARY ( O )
COVERING AND FINE ( F )
(1) (2)
mm kV ( r m s )
0.150 5.5
0.175 6.5
0.200 8.0
0.225 8.5
0.250 9.0
0.300 11.0
NOTE — The test voltages for multiple paper covering, special ( S ) shall be as agreed
to between the manufacturer and the purchaser.

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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971

8.2 The label may also be marked with the Standard Mark.
The use of the Standard Mark is governed by the provision of Bureau of
Indian Standard Act, 1986 and the Rules and Regulations made thereunder. The
details of conditions under which the licence for the use of Standard Mark may
be granted to manufacturers or producers may be obtained from the Bureau of
Indian Standards.
9. SAMPLING
9.1 A recommendatory sampling plan and criteria for acceptance of lot
are given in Appendix F.
9.2 Acceptance Tests — The following tests shall constitute acceptance
tests:
a) Conductor diameter (see 4.2),
b) Arrangement of layers (see 6.3),
c) Overall diameter (see 7 ) , and
d) Increase in diameter (sec 7 ) .

APPENDIX A
(Clause 4.3.2)
M E T H O D OF CALCULATION OF LINEAR RESISTANCE

A-l. LIMITS OF ELECTRICAL RESISTANCE

A-l.l The limits of electrical resistance are calculated on the following
basis.
A-l.l.1 The maximum and minimum values of resistance for conductors
of diameter up to and including 1.000 mm are calculated from the
maximum and minimum values of resistivity by taking into account for
each diameter the relevant dimensional tolerance.
The linear resistance is calculated from:
RMax = ΡMax . q–1Min (Ω/m)
–1
RMin = ΡMin . q Max (Ω/m)
where q Max and q Min are respectively the maximum and minimum
conductor cross-section in millimetre square calculated by taking into
account the relevant dimensional tolerance for the diameter.

14
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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971

A-l.1.2 The maximum and minimum values of resistivity of aluminium

are given below:
Condition Resistivity

ΡMax ΡMin
ohm.mm2/m ohm.mm2/m

O 0.028 2 0.027 8
H 3 or H 4 0.028 506 0.028 027

APPENDIX B
(Clause 5.4)

DETERMINATION OF AGEING BY BURSTING

STRENGTH TEST

B.l. GENERAL

B - l . 1 T h e bursting strength of the p a p e r before a n d after the h e a t

t r e a t m e n t is d e t e r m i n e d on samples cut from the same sheet.
B-1.2 N o t fewer t h a n 15 portions of paper, each of sufficient size to
provide a p a i r of test specimens, are taken at r a n d o m from the bulk.
Each portion is halved so as to provide two sets of specimens, one of which
is tested after conditioning only a n d the other after completion of the
heat-ageing t r e a t m e n t described in B-2.1 a n d subsequent conditioning.
B-1.3 T h e specimens to be conditioned only are subjected to the t r e a t m e n t
specified in A p p e n d i x C a n d the bursting strength is determined in the
controlled atmosphere or as soon as possible after removal from it a n d in
any case within 3 minutes of removal.

B-2. CONDITIONING

B - 2 . l T h e specimens to be subjected to heat-ageing t r e a t m e n t a r e h e a t e d

by suspending in a suitable oven, care being taken to prevent direct
radiation from the heater falling on the specimens. T h e specimens a r e so
suspended t h a t there is at least a space of 25 mm between the adjacent
specimens, a n d n o t less t h a n 50 mm between them a n d the sides, top a n d
b o t t o m of the inner casing ( o r baffles). T h e specimens shall be h e a t e d
at a t e m p e r a t u r e of 150 ± 3°C for 24 hours a n d t h e n subjected to the
controlled atmosphere described in A p p e n d i x C for 18 to 24 hours. T h e
bursting strength is determined in the controlled a t m o s p h e r e or as soon
as possible after removal from it a n d in a n y case within three minutes of
removal.
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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971

B-3. DETERMINATION OF BURSTING STRENGTH

B-3.1 Method — The method consists of measuring the pressure required

to burst a disk of paper which is gripped firmly round its periphery, and
to one side of which pressure is applied at a uniform rate, using liquid
as a medium, a flexible impervious membrane being interposed between
paper and medium.
B-3.2 Apparatus — The method is based on the use of machines of the
Mullen type, in which the specimen of paper is clamped firmly and
evenly between two ring clamps so as to encircle a disk of 30.5 ± 0.01 mm
diameter.
The flexible membrane (usually made of soft rubber) is sited
immediately beneath the paper and is sufficiently thin and flexible not to
affect materially the bursting pressure. The pressure gauge, calibrated to
indicate N/m 2 and fractions thereof has an accuracy of ±1 percent.
The calibration range of the gauge is such that the test readings fall
between 15 and 85 percent of the scale.
B-3.3 Testing of Specimens
B-3.3.1 The specimen is inserted between the clamps of the machine,
which are then carefully tightened so as to grip the paper firmly, and the
gauge pointer is adjusted to zero.
The pressure is applied smoothly by operation of the control mecha­
nism at the rate specified for the machine.
When the specimen bursts, the pressure control handle is returned
to its original position, the clamps are released and the indicated bursting
pressure in kilogram per square centimetre is recorded.
B-3.3.2 Ten tests are made on each set of specimens, five with one side
of the paper uppermost and five with the other side uppermost. If in any
set of 10 tests one result differs by more than 20 percent from the arith­
metic mean of the ten, it is recorded, but not used to calculate the
bursting strength.
B-3.3.2.1 If the differing results are more than one, four further speci­
mens of that set are tested (two with one face uppermost and two with the
other). The arithmetic mean of the 10 results or, if one has been discard­
ed, of the 9 remaining results; or if 14 specimens have been tested, of the
12 results, showing least divergence from the mean, are deemed to be the
bursting strength of that set of specimens.
NOTE — Slipping of test specimens in the clamps, because of insufficient or uneven
pressure between them, can be recognized by the appearance of crease in the burst
specimen. Any such test is disregarded.
16
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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971
B-3.4 Reporting of Results — The results are reported as follows:
2
a) The bursting strength in N/m before and after heat-ageing
treatment, and
b) The results of any tests which because of excessive variation were
not included in the final calculation of bursting strength.

APPENDIX C
(Clauses B-l.3 and B-2.1)
CONDITIONING OF PAPER SPECIMENS FOR TEST
C-1. CONDITIONING
C - l . l Single sheets of paper shall be conditioned in a controlled atmos­
phere for 18 to 24 hours. The controlled atmosphere shall have a relative
humidity of 65 ± 2 percent and a temperature of 27 ± 2°C. Every
specimen shall be tested in the controlled atmosphere or as soon as
possible after removal from it and in any case within three minutes.
C-1.2 Where a test room having a controlled atmosphere is not available,
a relative humidity of 65 ± 2 percent may be obtained conveniently in
an enclosed chamber in which a saturated solution of a mixture of
sodium chloride ( N a C l ) and sodium nitrate ( N a N O 3 ) is exposed to the
atmosphere in the chamber at the required temperature of 27 ± 2°C.
The saturated solution shall be prepared by boiling in water a mixture of
one part by weight of sodium chloride and two and a quarter parts by
weight of sodium nitrate. The solution shall be then cooled and more of
the solid mixture is added than can be taken into solution.
C-l.3 The saturated solution should be exposed so that the maximum
surface is in contact with the air in the chamber, for example, by covering
the floor of the chamber with a tray containing the saturated solution.
There should be an excess of solid salt in the liquid to ensure that the
solution remains saturated. It is important that the solid should remain
covered by the solution and that the surface of the liquid should be free
from any crust or film of grease, dirt, etc.
C-1.4 To ensure uniform conditions throughout the chamber, a fan should
circulate air over the surface of the saturated solution and around the
specimens. Care should be taken to allow free access of the conditioning
atmosphere to all the specimens.

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I S : 6162 ( P a r t I ) - 1971

APPENDIX D
(Clause 5.6)
DETERMINATION OF CONDUCTIVITY OF WATER EXTRACT
D-1. APPARATUS
D - l . l The apparatus for measurement of conductivity shall comprise a
suitable conductivity cell in conjunction with a bridge circuit supplied
with current at a frequency of 500 to 3 000 Hz.

D-2. PREPARATION OF EXTRACT

D-2.1 The distilled water used throughout this test shall have a conduc­
tivity not greater than 2 microsiemens per centimetre. A blank test shall be
carried out before each extraction and if the resultant conductivity exceeds
2 microsiemens per centimetre the test shall be repeated with the same
extraction vessel. If the second result also exceeds 2 microsiemens per
centimetre the vessel shall be discarded.
D-2.2 To prepare the extract, cut the paper into strips about 20 × 3 mm
and put a weight of paper in the ratio of 1 g of the strips to 100 ml of
distilled water, into a 250-ml round-bottomed borosilicate glass (high
grade resistance glass) or quartz flask fitted with a reflux condenser of
either (he same quality glass or quartz. The apparatus shall have inter­
changeable conical ground glass joints. Boil the water gently for
10 minutes, care being taken not to char the paper.

D-3. METHOD OF MEASUREMENT

D-3.1 Determine the cell constant K, if not known, by means of a solution
of known conductivity, prepared by dissolving 0.074 6 g of dry potassium
chloride in distilled water and diluting the solution to 1000 ml at a tempe­
rature of 27 ± 1°C. Thoroughly rinse out the cell with the solution and
fill. The temperature shall be adjusted to 27 ± 1°C and maintained
at that value for 15 minutes before as well as during the measurement of
resistance.
D-3.2 Carry out the test of water extract as described above, as soon as
practicable after the preparation of the extract.
D-4. CALCULATION
D-4.1 The cell constant K = R × (147.4 + C)
Conductivity of water extract in
micromhos per centimetre

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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971

where
R = measured resistance of potassium chloride solution in
megohms,
C = conductivity of distilled water in micromhos per centimetre,
R1 = measured resistance of the water extract in megohms, and
C1 = conductivity of the blank in micromhos per centimetre.
NOTE — For most purposes, where it is not convenient to test the water extract
at 27 ± 1°C, it is sufficiently accurate to apply the following correction:
Conductivity at 27°C =
where X is the conductivity obtained when measurement is made at t°C above or below
27°C; 0.02 t being added when measurement is made above 27°C and subtracted when
made below 27°C.

APPENDIX E
(Clause 5.7)
DETERMINATION OF OIL ABSORPTION

E-l. GENERAL
E-l.l The absorption of oil by the paper is determined in the machine
(longitudinal) direction, and in the cross (transverse) direction.
E-2. PREPARATION OF SAMPLES
E-2.1 The oil absorption test is carried out on 6 strips of paper 200 mm
long and 50 mm wide of which 3 strips are cut in the machine direction and
3 in the cross direction of the paper. The strips are cut in pairs, one pair
from each edge and one pair from the centre of the roll or sheet. A line
is marked across each specimen exactly 12.5 mm from the lower end.
E-3. METHODS OF TEST
E-3.1 All the specimens are pinned vertically to the suspension bar, which
is fixed above a suitable tank as shown in Fig. 2, so that the top end of
each specimen is level with the top of the bar. Small lead clips are attached
to the lower ends of the specimens to serve as weights.
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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971

All dimensions in millimetres.

a 400 × 75 × 45
b 200 × 50
c 400 × 20 × 20
d 50 × 6.5 × 1.5
e 13 Min, spacing

f 180

g 20

FIG. 2 APPARATUS FOR O I L ABSORPTION TEST

E-3.2 The apparatus with the specimens attached is placed in an oven

with a quantity of insulating oil complying with relevant Indian Standard
in a separate vessel. The temperature of the oven is between 95°C and
100°C. The apparatus and oil are allowed to remain in the oven for not
less than one hour and sufficient oil is then transferred carefully to the tank
by means of a funnel so that the surface of the oil is coincident with the
lines marked on the specimens. The apparatus is maintained at a tempe­
rature between 95°C and 100°C for 2 hours. The height to which the oil
rises in each specimen after 2 hours is noted.

APPENDIX F
(Clause 10.1)
SAMPLING OF PAPER-COVERED ROUND ALUMINIUM
CONDUCTORS
F-l. SCALE OF SAMPLING
F-l.1 Lot — In a consignment, all the drums of paper covered round

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IS : 6162 ( P a r t I) - 1971
aluminium conductors of the same grade and size manufactured from the
same material in the same factory under similar conditions of production
shall be grouped together to constitute a lot.
F-1.2 The number of drums to be selected from each lot shall depend
upon the size of the lot and shall be in accordance with col 1 and 2 of
Table 6.

TABLE 6 SAMPLE SIZE AND ACCEPTANCE NUMBER

(Clauses F-1.2 and F -2.1)
LOT SIZE SAMPLE SIZE ACCEPTANCE N U M B E R

(1) (2) (3)

U p to 50 8 0
51 „ 100 13 0
101 „ 300 20 1
301 „ 500 32 2
501 and above 50 3

F-1.2.1 These drums shall be selected from the lot at random. In

order to ensure the randomness of selection, procedure given in IS : 4905-
1968* may be followed.
F-2. NUMBER OF TESTS AND CRITERIA FOR CONFORMITY
F-2.1 From each of the drums selected at random according to col 1 and
2 of Table 6, suitable lengths of test samples shall be taken after discar­
ding approximately 1.5 metre of the wire. The number of tests to be
carried out for each of the acceptance tests shall be in accordance with
col 1 and 2 of Table 6. For this purpose suitable number of test samples
shall be taken from each of the selected drums and subjected to the tests.
A sample failing to satisfy any of the acceptance tests shall be considered
as defective. The lot shall be considered as conforming to the require­
ments of acceptance tests if the number of defectives found in the sample
is less than or equal to the corresponding acceptance number given in
col 3 of Table 6, otherwise the lot shall be rejected.'

*Methods for random sampling.

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