Suggestion and

BAB I Recommendation
A. Suggestion

A. Suggestion

S
uggestions dapat digunakan dalam bentuk solutions, saran, rencana dan
idea. Misalnya teman anda sedang dalam masalah tidak bisa mata
pelajaran bahasa Inggris maka anda dapat menyarankannya untuk
belajar bahasa inggris lebih giat lagi atau anda bisa menyarankan untuk
kursus belajar bahasa inggris.

1. Contoh ungkapan yang sering digunakan untuk menyatakan saran

(suggestion) 

Let's ………  (Ayo....)

Why don't we ………  (Mengapa kita tidak....)
We could ………  (Kita bisa....)
What about ………  (Bagaimana dengan....)
How about ………  (Bagaimana kalau....)
I suggest that ………  (Saya menyarankan bahwa....)
You might want to change ……… (Anda mungkin ingin mengubahnya...)
I think ………  (Saya pikir....)
I don't think ……… (Saya tidak berpikir.....)

2. Contoh kalimat saran (suggestion)

- Let's go to the library. 
- Let's go to movies. 
- Why don't you do your homework before going out? 
- We could eat at home today. 
- What about eating at the new place? 

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 - How about going to Sam's place first? 
- I suggest that we call it a day. 
- You need to change your sleeping habits. 
- I think you should go and meet her. 
- I think we should do it this way. 
- Would you like to … ?

3. Contoh kalimat respon dari saran yang diungkapkan seseorang

- Yes, it’s a great idea. 

- I agree. 
- It sounds great. 
- Yes, let’s do that/it. 
- Super! OK! All right!

4. Contoh percakapan menolak dan menanggapi saran

1.       Let’s watch football at the stadium 

Accepting : yes, Let’s go 
Declining : No, thank you I have other schedule, I must clean the
house
Now
2. Why you don’t have breakfast before go to school ? 
Accepting : that is a good idea 
Declining : I think I will be late, so I will have a breakfast at school 
3. How about go to the movie ? 
Accepting : O. K it is sound great 
Declining : No, I do not have money to buy the ticket 
4. I think you should do your homework now 
Accepting : yes, you are right 
Declining; take it easy my friend, I still have so much time

5. Contoh kalimat yang menyatakan saran

Fina : Morning Ayu, My best friend, you look bad today, what happened to
you? 

AYu : oh, it is only a little problems. 

FIna : please, tell me, maybe I can give the solutions 
AYu : Ok. I feel sad because I do not have money to pay for the college
tuitions, I have used my money to buy a new motorcycle 
FIna : Oh. You Should tell your parents if you have no money. I think they
will help you. 

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 Ayu : I do not think so, it only will make something worse. 
Fina : You can lend money from someone. 
Ayu : That’s good idea.

Exercise

1. Hey Siti, ....................................... go star gazing tonight. 

a. are you 
b. how about 
c. shall them 
d. would you like to
Jawaban D
Pembahasan. Untuk membuat kalimat berpola tenses benar hanya ada D untuk
kata setelah About selalu diikuti dengan Gerund sedangkan kalimat ini
menggunakan kata kerja V1.
2. Sam: “Would you like to go watch a movie this weekend? “
Carly: “I can't, I am low on cash right now........................................ stay at home
and watch TV instead. 

a. How about 
b. Let's 
c. What about 
d. I think
jawaban B
Pembahasan. Lets diikuti Vs ( Stay) dan ini merupakan saran sehingga
menggunakan kata Let’s
3. What shall we do today?....................................... we go to the library. 
a. Shall I 

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b. Let's 
c. Why don't 
d. Would you
Jawaban C
Pembahasan. Grammar paling sesuai dan merupakan pembentukan kalimat saran
adalah D
4. ....................................... like a cup of coffee? 
a. Can I 
b. I'll do 
c. Would you 
d. Should I
Jawaban C
Pembahasan. Jelas sekali kalimat ini adalah menawarkan sehingga menggunakan
Would you + V1
5. .......................................the washing , if you like. 
a. Can I 
b. Would you 
c. I'll do 
d. Let's
Jawaban C
Pembahasan. Kalimat ini tidak ada kata kerjanya sehingga jawaban yang paling
benar harus ada kata kerjanya yaitu C
6. Edo: “I have a lot of work to finish; I don't know how I will manage. “
B. Recommendation
 recommendation adalah ungkapan yang menyatakan saran

Contoh giving recommendation:

1) (Formal) : Your shoes looks so dirty. You should clean it.
2) (Formal) : I suggest that we do this project together.
3) (Formal) : I think you should go and help your mother.
4) (Informal) : What about going to the restaurant now?.
5) (Informal) : How about taking the bus instead of driving?

Accepting a recommendation:

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1) Yes, I’d like/ love to.
2) That sounds like a good idea.
3) Thank you.
4) Why didn’t I think of that?

Refusing a recommendation:
1) I tried that, but…
2) That’s a good idea, but …
3) No, I’d rather not.
4) Sorry, I can't.
Sam:....................................... half of it if you want. 
a. Would you 
b. I think 
c. Why don't 
d. I will help you with
Jawaban D
Pembahasan. Sudah jelas harus ada kata kerjanya dan jawaban yang sesuai dengan
konteks adalah D
7. Carly: “I submitted my essay to the teacher few days ago, but I haven't received
any response from her.”
Edo:....................................... go and ask her? 
a. Shall us 
b. I'll do 
c. Why don't you 
d. I propose
Jawaban C
Pembahasan. Kata yang menyatakan saran adalah kalimat C
8. ....................................... get you a drink? 
a. Would you 
b. Why don't you 
c. Can I 
d. I'll do
jawaban. C
9. Aisya: “ I am so thirsty.”
Annie: ....................................... get you something to drink? 
a. How about 

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b. What about 
c. Why don't 
d. Can I
Jawaban D
10. ....................................... like me to clean your car? 
a. How about 
b. Let's 
c. Would you 
d. I think
Jawaban C

11. Tom looks very tired. What's your suggestion to him?

a. you should eat more.

b. you should study harder
c. I think you ought to get some rest
d. what if you go for a walk?

12. Linda is working on her homework, but she finds some difficult questions.
What will you suggest her?
a. I think you should stop studying.
b. maybe you can sleep now.
c. What if you drink to refresh yourself?
d. what about going to your friend's house to study together?

13. A: .............................. go to the cinema and watch a good film?

B: That's a good idea
a. you must
b. you have
c. I think you should
d. what if we

14. A: I feel drowsy.

B: ........................................
a. you should take a rest.
b. what if you study harder?
c. what about calling your friend for help?
d. you had better call the police.

15. This is Saturday night. What will you suggest your friend?
a. I think we should go to the town square for sight seeing.
b. what about going to the doctor?
c. you should speak to your teacher.
d. what if we take this to be repaired?

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16. Doctor: ...................... smoking if you don't want to get sick.
Patient: Yes sir, I will try.
a. what if you stop
b. you should stop
c. how about
d. maybe you can stop

17. A: I am so hungry.
B: .......................................
a. I think you should take a rest.
b. You ought to read it more carefully.
c. Calm down! You should be more relaxed.
d. What about going to a restaurant?

18. Mother: I want to cook an omelette.

You: ..............................
a. Let's buy some eggs.
b. Let's buy some syrup.
c. I think you should buy a ticket first.
d. I think you should go to a barbershop.

19. Your friend needs a book for his homework. But he doesn't have enough
money to buy it. What will you suggest him?
a. Maybe you can borrow from our seniors?
b. I think you shouldn't do the homework.
c. What if we go to the zoo?
d. You ought to get some rest.

20. You and your friends are on a trip to a beach in Banyuwangi. However, none
of you knows about the route the that beach. What will be your suggestion?
a. I think we can go home now.
b. What about going to a restaurant?
c. Maybe you can open Google Maps application on your phone.
d. You should read the instruction more carefully

1. ____________________ like me to clean your car? 

(Would you)

2. Hey Siti, ____________________ go star gazing tonight. 

(would you like to)

3. What shall we do today?____________________ we go to the library. 

(Why don't)

4. Edo: “I have a lot of work to finish; I don't know how I will manage. “
Sam: ____________________ half of it if you want. 

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(I will help you with)

5. Aisya: “ I am so thirsty.”
Annie: ____________________ get you something to drink? 
(Can I)

CHAPTER 2
Pengertian Conditional Sentences

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Conditional Sentences are also known as Conditional Clauses or If
Clauses. They are used to express that the action in the main clause
(without if) can only take place if a certain condition (in the clause with if)
is fulfilled. There are three types of Conditional So

Conditional Sentences (kalimat pengandaian) sering Kita Kenal dengan

istilah Conditional Clauses atau lebih popular lagi dengan sebutan If
Clauses. Untuk penamaan silahkan kalian lebih suka yang mana, yang
terpenting adalah kalian dapat memahami arti dan konsep Conditional
sentences ini serta penggunaannya dalam kehidupan sehari-hari.

Conditional Sentences, jika kita lihat dari namanya saja tentu kita akan
berfikir tentang sebuah Pengandaian (Conditional). Yah, bener
banget Conditional Sentences atau If Clauses adalah Klausa atau Kalimat
yang Didalamnya mempunyai makna Pengandaian. Yaitu menunjukkan
sebuah aktifitas yang ada dalam Main Clause(Klausa Utama/ klausa yang
Tidak ada If nya) hanya dapat mengambil tempat jika dalam kondisi
tertentu (dalam anak klausa/ klausa yang ada If nya) itu terpenuhi. 

Contoh.

I will go To Boston If I have Much Money. Aku akan pergi ke Boston jika

aku punya uang yang banyak.

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Jenis Conditional Sentences
Dalam bahasa Inggris Conditional sentences mempunyai 3 tipe atau jenis
yaitu Conditional Sentences Type O (zero conditional), I, II dan Type III.
Setiap jenis mempunyai fungsi, makna dan pola tersendiri.

Perhatikan penjelasan berikut ini :

Zero Conditional (Conditional Sentences type 0)

Zero conditional atau conditional sentence type 0 adalah conditional

sentence yang digunakan ketika  (result/consequence)
dari condition (syarat) selalu terwujud karena merupakankebenaran ilmiah
( scientific fact) atau kebenaran umum(general truth) yang
merupakan kebiasaan ( habitual action). Bagian dependent
clause (if+clause) dapat diawali oleh kata “if” atau “when“.

Kita dapat membuat zero conditional sentence dengan dua kata kerja
yang berbentuk simple present (yang satu di  ‘if clause’ dan yang satu lagi
di  ‘main clause’):

 If + p resent simple, …. present simple.

 Zero conditional sentence

digunakanketika hasilnya akan selalu terjadi. Jadi,jika air mencapai 100 d
erajat, selalumendidih. Itu
adalah sebuah fakta. Sayaberbicara secara umum, tidak satu situasiterten
tu. Hasil dari ‘ If Clause ‘ selaluklausa utama.

” If” dalam conditional biasanya dapat digantikan dengan ” when” tanpa

mengubah arti.

Contoh: If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils. Jika air dimasak dengan

suhu 100 derajat, akan mendidih (ini sesuatu yang pasti, tidak akan ada
perbedaan mengenai hal ini), If I eat peanuts, I am sick. jika aku makan
kacang tanah, aku akan sakit.  (ini benar tapi hanya untuk saya,
mungkin tidak bagi orang lain) tapi masih benar bahwa aku sakit
setiap kali aku makan kacang tanah. 

Perhatikan contoh berikut ini:

 If people eat too much, they getfat. jika orang

terlalu banyak makan, mereka nakan gemuk.
 If you touch a fire, you get burned. kalau
kamu pegang api, kamu pasti terbakar. 
 People die if they don’t eat. orang akan

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 meninggal, jika tidak makan
 You get water if you mix hydrogen and
oxygen. kamu akan dapat air, jika kamu
mencampurkan hidrogen dengan oksigen. 
 Snakes bite if
they are scared. Ularmenggigit jika mereka t
akut.

 If babies are hungry, they cry. bayi jika dia

lapar, akan menangis 

Conditional Sentence Type I

It is possible and also very likely that the condition will be fulfilled.

Dalam conditional type I ini menjelaskan bahwa sesuatu

hal dimungkinkan dan juga sangat mungkin  kondisi itu akan terpenuhi.
Atau kemungkinan besar sesuatu yang diandaikan dapat terjadi.

Contoh.

If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation. kalu aku tahu

alamatnya, aku akan mengirimkan undangan untuknya.

Dalam Conditional type I ini pengandaiannya merujuk pada masa depan

(Future).

Tindakan di masa
depan hanya akan terjadi jika kondisi tertentu terpenuhi saat itu. Kita tidak 
tahu pasti apakah kondisi sebenarnya akan terpenuhi atau tidak, tetapi
yang jelas kondisi tampaknya lebih realistis-jadi kita pikir itu sangat
mungkin terjadi.

Contoh.

If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.kalu aku tahu alamatnya,
aku akan mengirimkan undangan untuknya

Maksud dari kalimat diatas adalah aku ingin mengirim undangan ke teman
ku, namu aku tidak tahu alamatnya dimana, tapi aku cukup yakin bahwa
aku akan dapat menemuinya atau mengirim undangan untuknya.

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Conditional Sentence Type 2
It is possible but very unlikely, that the condition will be fulfilled.

Dalam type ke 2 ini menjelaskan sebuah kondisi yang mungkin saja

terjadi tapi sangat tidak mungkin kondisi tersebut terpenuhi.

Dalam pengandaian ini mengacu pada keadaan sekarang (Present).

Sebuah aktifitas akan terjadi jika keadaan dimasa sekarang
(present) berbeda.

Contoh.

If I found her address, I would send her an invitation. Kalau saja dulu aku
menemukan alamatnya, aku akan mengirimkan undangan untuknya.

Faktanya: dulu aku tidak menemukan alamatnya dan aku tidak mengirm
undangan untuknya.

Dan harus diingat bahwa:

1. main clause dalam type II ini dapat diletakkan diawal atau didepan

kalimat. Jadi tidak usah pake komalagi, ingat ya

I would send her an invitation if I found her address

2. main clause dan atau If Clause dapat berbentu kalimat negative.

If I had a lot of money, I wouldn’t stay here

3. Dalam If Clause type II ini kita menggunakan To Be “ WERE” bukan

“ WAS” walaupun kata ganti nya I, he, she atau It.

If I were you, I would not do this.

Conditional Sentence Type 3

It is impossible that the condition will be fulfilled because it refers to the
past.

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Dalam conditional type II ini menjelaskan bahwa sesuatu Mustahil akan
terjadi  karena pengandaian itu dilakukan dimasa lalu.dan tidak akan
terjadi lagi pada waktu itu.

Pada conditional type III ini menjelaskan situasi di masa

lalu. Tindakan bisa saja terjadi dimasa
lalu jika kondisi tertentu telah terpenuhi.

main clause dalam type III ini dapat diletakkan diawal atau didepan
kalimat. Jadi tidak usah pake koma. Dan juga bisa berbentuk negative.

 If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation. Kalau

saja dulu aku sudah menemukan alamatnya, aku pasti sudah akan
mengirimkan undangan untuknya

Fakta: dulu aku tidak menemukan alamatnya dan aku dulu tidak mengirim
undangan untuknya.

 If I hadn’t studied, I wouldn’t have passed my exams. kalau saja

dulu aku tidak belajar, aku pasti sudah tidak lulus ujian.

Fakta: aku dulu belajar dan dan dulu aku lulus ujian.

Rumus Conditional sentences

Pola pembentukan kalimat pada masing-masing jenis atau type berbeda.
Dan mempunyai rumus atau formulasi penyusunan yang berbeda Pula.
Perhatikan pola kalimat conditional berikut ini.

Conditional Sentence Type 1

Form: if + Simple Present, will-Future

Example:

If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation. Jika aku menemukan

alamatnya aku akan mengirik undangan untuknya.

Conditional Sentence Type 2

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Form: if + Simple Past, Conditional I (= would + Infinitive)

Example: If I found her address, I would send her an invitation. Kalau saja

dulu aku menemukan alamatnya, aku akan mengirimkan undangan
untuknya.   

Conditional Sentence Type 3

Form: if + Past Perfect, Conditional II (= would + have + Past

Participle)

 Example : If I had found her address, I would have sent her an

invitation. Kalau saja dulu aku sudah menemukan alamatnya, aku
pasti sudah akan mengirimkan undangan untuknya.

Ini adalah rangkuman Rumus Conditional semua Type

TYPE RUMUS CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

0 if + simple present, simple present

if + simple present, will + bare

1
infinitive

if + simple past, would/could/might +

2
bare infinitive

if + past perfect,
3 would/should/could/might have + past
participle

Contoh Kalimat Conditional Sentences

 If I have a lot of money, I will go to
America. Jikasaya memiliki banyak uang, aku akan pergi ke
 I will sleep if I am sleepy. Sayaakan tidur jika saya mengantuk.
 if my father has much money, he will buy a new house.
Jika ayahsaya memiliki banyak uang, dia akan membeli rumah
baru.

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  If she has my address, she will send the invitation to
me. Jikadia memiliki alamat saya, ia akan mengirimkan undangan 
kepada saya
 They will buy a car if they have money.
Mereka akan membeli mobil jika mereka punya 

150 Contoh Latihan Soal Bahasa Inggris tentang Grammar dan

Tenses Lengkap Dengan Jawaban

PART 1
Choose the correct answers!

1. I and my friends … in the library. We read some books

a. am
b. is
c. have
d. are
Jawab:    d. are

2. She … not work because she has the flu.

a. is
b. does
c. do
d. be
Jawab:   b. does

3. Alina … song every night.

a. sings
b. sing
c. is
d. does
Jawab:   a. sings

4. My father … tea every morning.

a. drink
b. drinks
c. drinking
d. is
Jawab:   b. drinks

5. They … a test every week.

a. does
b. has
c. are

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d. have
Jawab:   d. have

6. Dolph: Please call me if you need.

Jack: No. I … need your help.
a. do not
b. does
c. not
d. am not
Jawab:   a. do not

7. She is a student. She … at school.

a. studying
b. study
c. studies
d. does
Jawab:   c. studies

8. We … soccer match.
a. doing
b. watching
c. watches
d. watch
Jawab:   d. watch

9. Gina cooks fried rice. It … amazing.

a. does
b. do
c. are
d. is
Jawab:   d. is

10. My brother rides a bike to school …

a. everyday
b. last day
c. next week
d. next time
Jawab:   a. every day

PART 2
Choose the best answer.

11. Tomy, Jane, Mark, Sarah ………. smart students.

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    a. is
    b. are
    c. am
    d. is not
Jawab: b. are

12. A: Hello, my name is Alice Wong

B: Hi, I’m Susan Crane.
A: Sorry, ……….
B: It’s C-R-A-N-E

    a. How do you spell your last name?

    b. What’s your last name?
    c. How do you spell your first name?
    d. What’s your spelling?
Jawab: a. How do you spell your last name

13. Are you a doctor?  No, I ……….  a dentist.

    a. am not
    b. don’t
    c. am
    d. was
Jawab: c. am

14. A: Hi, his name is David Foster.

B: ……….

    a. Where are you from?

    b. Where do you from?
    c. Are you from Singapore?

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    d. Where is he from?
Jawab: a. Where are you from?

15. ………. your brother and sister ………. four languages?

    a. Did-speak
    b. Does-speak
    c. Do-speaks
    d. Do-speak
Jawab: d. Do-speak

16. Bob’s niece is very cute. ……….name is Mia.

    a. Her
    b. His
    c. He
    d. She
Jawab: a. Her

17. Most of us……….24 SKS this semester.

    a.  to take
    b. are be taking
    c. are taking
    d. be taking
Jawab: c. are taking

18. What are they doing right now?

    a. They are doing swimming.

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    b. They swim right now.
    c. They are swimming.
    d. They usually go swimming.
Jawab: c. They are swimming

19. Irene   : What will you do on next week?

Daniel: I ………. my grandmother .

    a. will visiting
    b. visited
    c. am visiting
    d. will visit
Jawab: d. will visit

20. What is he doing in the garden?

    a. He is watching TV.
    b. He is playing cards.
    c. He is eating.
    d. He is planting flowers.
Jawab: d. He is planting flowers.
1. If it is sunny tomorrow
____________________________

2. If you sit in the sun too long

____________________________

3. If I were you
____________________________

4. If I were the Prime Minister

____________________________

5. If she had studied harder

____________________________

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6. If I won the lottery
____________________________

7. If I hadn’t gone to bed so late

____________________________

8. If I hadn’t come to London

____________________________

9. If you mix water and electricity

____________________________

10. If she hadn’t stayed at home

CHAPTER 3
Telling Time

There are two ways to tell time. Look at the following table
Time in Numbers The Digital System The Classical Systen

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 12.45 It’s Twelve forty five In the It’s a quarter to one
afternoon
08.30 It’s eight thirty in the morning. It’s half pas eight in the
morning.
20.05 It’s eight of five in the evening. It’s five past eight in the
evening/
11.15 It’s eleven fifteen in the It’s quarter pas eleven in the
morning morning
21.20 It’s nine twenty in the evening It’s twenty to nine in the
evening.

Read The Dialogue and repeat.

Dialogue 1

Lee: Thank you for calling Supra Company, Lee speaking. How can I help you?
Lisa: Hello, this is Lisa. May I speak with Mr. Budi, please?
Lee: Please wait, I will check.
Lisa: Yeah, sure.
Lee: Mr. Budi is here.
Lisa: Hello Mr. Budi, I’m Lisa. I am the new client and I will make a business
appointment with you. Well, do you have any time, Mr. Budi?

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Budi: Yeah, sure. Tomorrow after lunch at 2 PM. Are you okay with it?
Lisa: Yeah, sure. Where should we meet, Mr. Budi?
Budi: Let’s meet at the coffee shop in my company. Do you know that place?
Lisa: Yes, I know that place.
Budi: Alright, see you there tomorrow.
Lisa: Thank you Mr. Budi. See you there tomorrow.
Budi: You are welcome
Dialogue 2
Jane: Could you tell me the time, please?
Steve: Certainly. It's 3 P.M.
Jane: That late? I thought it was early afternoon still.
Steve: Time flies when you are busy. Did you enjoy your morning?
Jane: I did, but now I have to rush in order to get home before dusk.
Steve: Have a good evening. See you back here tomorrow bright and early!
Jane: Yes! I'll arrive by dawn or shortly thereafter.
I. Choose one of the most correct answer!

Read the following passage and answer questions 1-4

Mery Riana is a junior high school student in Palembang who won the
International Mathematics Olympiad in Swiss 2014. She was born in Ende and
lived there until having graduated from Elementary school. Next, she moved to
Palembang with her family until now.

Everyday, she usually gets up early in the morning at 05.00 a.m. She prays
Subuh, reads Al-Qur’an and tidies up her bedroom. At 05.45 a.m, she takes a bath.
Then she puts on her uniform and has her breakfast. She goes to school at 06.30
a.m. She usually goes to school by bicycle. Her class begins at 07.00 a.m. Around
01.00 p.m, the bell rings. It tells her that her class is over. She then returns home.
She arrives home at 01.30 p.m. Later, she prays Dzuhur and has lunch. At 03.00
p.m, she prays Ashar. After that, she takes a bath at 04.00 pm. Then she prays
Maghrib with her parents. At 07.00 p.m, she has dinner and prays Isya’.

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 Afterwards, she prepares her stuffs for the next day school, studies and sometimes
watches TV. Finally, she goes to bed at 09.00 p.m

1 What time does Mery Riana take a bath in the afternoon?

a. 05.00 am

b. 05.45 am

c. 04.00 pm

d. 09.00 pm  

2. When does Mery Riana study at night?

a. After she gets home

b. Around 01.00 pm

c. After praying Ashar

d. After having dinner

3. How long does Mery Riana study at school?

a. 4 hours

b. 5 hours

c. 6 hours

d. 7 hours

4. Why does the writer write Mery Riana’s daily activities?

a. To tell the daily activities of Mery Riana

b. To retell the experience of Mery Riana in Math Olympiad   

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c. To persuade the readers to join International Math Olympiad   

d. To describe the childhood of Mery Riana

Read the following passage and answer questions 5-9

Hello friends I’m Nana, I’m in grade five now, I will tell you my time table from I
get up until I finish my school.

I get up at five o’clock in the morning, I brush my teeth at ten past five, I take a
bath at quarter past five, then I go to pray Shubuh and tidy up my room. My
mother ask me to eat my breakfast very early so I have breakfast at half past five
in the morning, of course I don’t forget to help her wash the dishes and wipe the
floor.

After I that I go to school at half past six, I go to school on foot, it takes fifteen
minutes to go to school, and I arrive at school at quarter to seven.

The school begins at seven o’clock in the morning and finishes at half past one in
the afternoon.

This is my time table, how about you?

5. What time Nana get up?

   a. 05.45 c. 05.00

   b. 05.55 d. 04.55

6. What time Nana brush her teeth?

   a. 05.10 b. 05.20

   c. 05.25 d. 05.00

7. Does she always help her mother?

   a. Yes, she does b. No, she does

   c. No, she doesn’t d. Yes, she doesn’t

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8. What time Nana has breakfast?

   a. 05.20 b. 06.00

   c. 06.30 d. 05.30

9. What time Nana goes to school?

   a. 06.35 b. 06.30

   c. 06.45 d. 06.15

10. Thirteen past five?

a.13.05

b. 05.30

c. 05.13

d. 15.13

11. Twentysix past eleven?

a. 14.26

b. 11.26

c. 13.26

d. 15.26

12. Eighteen past three?

a. 18.03

b. 07.03

c. 06.03

d. 03.18

13. Quartet past two?

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 a. 02.15

b. 02.45

c. 01.45

d. 01.15

14. Quartet past right?

a. 09.45

b. 08.15

c. 07.45

d. 08.45

15. Seventeen past seven?

a. 07.07

b. 06.07

c. 05.07

d. 07.08

16. Quartet past eleven?

a. 11.45

b. 10.45

c. 09.45

d. 11.15

17. Seventeen past nine?

a. 17.09

b. 06.09

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 c. 09.17

d. 09.16

18. Half past seven?

a. 07.30

b. 08.30

c. 06.30

d. 05.30

19. Quartet past four?

a. 05.45

b. 4.45

c. 03.45

d. 04.15

20. Half past ten?

a. 10.30

b. 09.30

c. 11.00

d. 11.30

I. Answer the following questions correctly!

1. Teacher : Do you have the time?
You : _____________________ (07.10)
2. Mother : Do you know what time it is?
You : _____________________ (08.50)

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 3. Teacher : Could you tell me what the time is?
You : _____________________ (09.00)
4. Teacher : Do you have the time?
You : _____________________ (12.30)
5. Teacher : What time is it?
You : _____________________ (05.15)
6. Teacher : Do you know what time is it?
You : _____________________ (02.45)
7. When will he come home?
You : _____________________ (06.40)
8. Teacher : When did you call her?
You : _____________________ (7.20 at morning)
9. Teacher : When does school start?
You : ______________________(two days after tomorrow)
10. Teacher : When will you go out for tea?
You : ______________________(03.30)

Chapter 4

CHAPTER 4
Gerunds
A. Definition

1. Gerunds or verbal nouns take the same form as the present participle (V-ing) but
their function is quite different. Gerunds may be used as a noun, and therefore, they
act like any other noun: as a subject or an object (of a verb or a preposition), a
complement, after possessive (John’s, the boy’s, your), or as a noun premodifier.
a. Subject
Subject Verb

Dining on fast food has become a way of life for millions of people.

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Hamburgers with chicken have become popular fast food all over the world.

b.1. Object of a verb

Verb Object

The numbers of fast-food restaurant keep growing fast all over the world.
chains

Will you please keep an eye on the baby while I am away.

2. Object of a preposition
Prep. Object

Fast-food restaurants may prevent families from spending quality time together around
the dinner table.

The new restaurant has good Italian wine from $ 1.50 a bottle.

c. Complement
V Complement

Mr. White’s hobby is collecting exotic stamps.

Collecting exotic stamps is Mr. White’s hobby.

d. After Possessive
pssive

His father dislikes John’s eating fast foods.

The gerund

The gerund is formed by adding the ‘ing’ to the verb.

For example: - sing, work, come ,go, take

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By adding ‘ing’, the above verbs become singing, working, coming, going and taking.

· She likes painting.

· He enjoys swimming.

· Drinking alcohol is bad for health.

· Reading is her hobby.

· He decides to quit smoking.

· Making of film is expensive.

· I like embroidering dresses.

· Questioning others unnecessarily is a bad manner.

· She prefers dancing than singing

· He is fond of fishing.

· Sharing is better than fighting.

· She likes reading.

· He is fond of gardening.

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 · Walking is a good exercise.

· The saying is easier than doing.

· Thanking is a good manner.

· I called my friend sitting in the crowd.

· Massaging is good for blood circulation.

B. Gerunds or To-Infinitives
There are verbs, however, that may be followed by a gerund or a to-infinitive. Notice
should be given that the verb group in the left box below has no difference in meaning
at all when they are followed by either a gerund or a to-infinitive whereas that in the
right box has a difference in meaning when they are used in either a gerund or a to-
infinitive construction.

begin start love hate dislike like remember forget

intend continue prefer can’t stand can’t regret stop try
bear

The meaning of ‘prefer’, for example, in both of the patterns below does not have any
difference.
- John prefers having hamburgers for his lunch to having french fries.
- John prefers to have hamburgers for his lunch than (to) have french fries.

1. ‘like’
When the verb ‘like’ is followed by a gerund, it means “enjoy”; when it is followed
by a toinfinitive, it means “choose to; be in the habit of; think it right to” (Swan,
1983:339). However, on many occasions, according to Murphy (1987:112), the verb

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either used in a gerund or toinfinitive construction does not have any different
meaning.
- I like sitting in the back row. (I enjoy it.)
- I like to sit in the back row. (This may imply that I do not enjoy it but I think it is
right for me to do so.)
2. ‘remember’, ‘forget’, ‘regret’, and ‘stop’
When the verbs ‘remember’, ‘forget’, ‘regret’, and ‘stop’ are followed by either a
gerund or to-infinitive, the difference that takes place is “connected with time” (Swan
1983:338). He further asserts that the verbs used in a gerund construction refer to
“things that happen earlier (before the remembering, forgetting, etc take place)”
whereas in a to-infinitive construction, they refer to “things that happen after the
remembering, etc”.
- I always remember eating at KFC for the first time. (I always remember this past
experience all my life.)
- I always remember to take Marry to KFC for dinner every Saturday evening. (I
always remember what I have to do every Saturday evening with Marry.)
- I never forget eating at KFC for the first time. (I never forget this past experience
all my life.)
- John! Don’t forget to take Marry for dinner at KFC! (The speaker reminds John of
what he has to do with Marry.)
- I never regret spending money at KFC for Marry. (It was my pleasure to treat
Marry at KFC.)
- I bitterly regret to let you know that the examiners failed you. (I feel sorry that I
have to inform you about this.)
- To avoid heart cancer, we have to stop smoking. (I know that heart cancer is
dangerous, and, therefore, from now on I will not smoke at all.)
- Every time he has finished with his page, he stops to smoke a cigarette. (When
he has finished a page, he takes a break to smoke.)
3. ‘try’
When ‘try’ is used in the gerund construction, it means “to make an experiment or
test”. With the to-infinitive construction, ‘try’ means “to make an attempt or effort”.

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 - McDonald’s tries introducing a new recipe. (This is an experiment made by the
restaurant to see whether the customers can accept it.)
- The small children have tried hard to ride the bicycle till they are tired. (They
have used their utmost efforts to ride it.)

Exercises

A. Expand this material into complete sentences.

Example:
play at being The children played at being robbers all afternoon.

1. take this opportunity of saying

2. high price to pay for
3. the speed of ordering
4. try to adjust to
5. expect the new customers to hear
6. recommended reducing fats
7. live quietly without going
8. providing more healthy choices
9. introducing sate flavour in the new hamburger product
10. to improve food quality
11. to lower prices
12. need to travel less than
13. sure of getting
14. fed up with seeing
15. began speaking publicly
16. beware of using
17. become rich by working
18. escape from having to
19. not approve of Mary’s spending
20. suspect him of taking
21. congratulate him heartily on having
22. cannot bear to listen to
23. propose to leave immediately

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 24. to start to take
25. to write with the left hand
B. Supply any appropriate completion for each sentence below by using either a
gerund or a to-infinitive.
Example:

We are going out for dinner. Would you like __ to join__ us?

Jack avoided __looking at__ me.

1. Fred did not have any money, so he decided _____ a job.
2. The teacher reminded the students_____ their assignment
3. Do you enjoy _____ soccer?
4. I was broke, So Jenny offered ____ me a little money.
5. Mrs. Allen promised ____ tomorrow.
6. My boss expects me ____ this work ASAP.
7. Even though I asked the people in front of me at the movie ____ quiet, they
kept ____.
8. Joan and David were considering ____ married in June, but they finally decided
____ until August.
9. Our teacher encourages us ____ a dictionary whenever we are uncertain of the
spelling of a word.
10. Before leaving home to go away to college, my mother and I discussed
____ a dinner party at a cheap restaurant which sells oriental food.
11. Mrs. Jackson fancied ____ his seventeenth birthday with a beautiful girl in
a small island.
12. I do not mind ____ alone.
13. The teacher seems ____ in a good mood today, don’t you think?
14. Lucy pretended ____ the answer to my question.
15. Dick intends ____ his friend a letter.
16. The caretaker doe not allow the residents ____ pets in my apartment
building.
17. All applicants wonder whether the job will involve ____ a lot of people.
18. Someone asked me ____ this package.
19. Jack advised her sister ____ the plane instead of driving to Oregon.
20. John suggested ____ a new apartment.

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 21. During the test, the teacher warned Greg ____ his neighbour’s paper.
22. The hijackers forced the pilot ____ the plane.
23. John admitted ____ the car but denied ____ it dangerously.
24. The Smiths had to postpone ____ away because their son was ill.
25. If you walk into the road without looking, you risk ____ down by a car.
C. Use the verb between the brackets in its gerund or to-infinitive form according
to the meaning of the sentence.
1. Do you still remember (meet) her at my house last year?
2. Please remember (wipe) your feet before coming in.
3. I completely forgot (lock) the front door last night.
4. Don’t forget (bring) your bathing suit with you.
5. That was a memorable occasion. I shall never forget (meet) the Prime
Minister at your house.
6. We regret (inform) you that your subscription is overdue.
7. I greatly regret (lend) her my best pen.
8. What is he doing? He is just trying (open) the tin.
9. Just try (be) a little more co-operative.
10. You should try (use) petrol if you cannot get it off with water.
11. Try (taste) it before you offer it to your guests.
12. Some students, just like children, like (play) more than studying.
13. When I have to catch a train, I am always worried about missing it. So I
like (get) to the station in plenty of time.
14. When they saw their teacher entering the room, the stopped (yell) at one
another.
15. As I was walking along the street, I met my old mate, and therefore, I
stopped (have) a long chat with him.

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 1. Because of the on going dispute, the politicians rests the president’s
………. For hearing the session on a cabinet reshuffles .

a. to call
b. calls
c. called
d. calling
e. be calling
Jawaban: D
2. According to the diet procedure , . ………….. will decrease our fat

a. tomato being eaten everyday

b. if we eat tomato everyday

c. to eat daily tomato

d. tomato to be eaten daily

e. eating tomato everyday

3. “May I find a shady spot and take a rest, mom?

“That is not a good idea my daughter, we have not stopped all the
rooms of our home, wait for a minute honey.”

a. sweeping

b. sweep

c. to sweep

d. swept

e. being swept

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 4 My daughter has looked forward to a graduation gift from her elder
brother in another country this week

a.get
b.getting
c.begetting
d.beinggetting
e. got

5. “Mom, is it a good idea if I spend my holiday in Lampung for a week with

my friends?”
“Sorry, I do not think so, I would advise you holiday in your grandmother’s town,
my darling with us”

a.spent
b.tospend
c.willspend
d.spending
e. spend

6. Our new English teacher, who be used to glasses and good looking, is Mrs.
Dwi Ratnawati

a. uses

b. use

c. using

d. be used

e. to use

7.His parents must be angry with him because they

don’t like his …
a.cominglate
b.comeslate
c.tocomelate
d.came late

8.This car needs … it is broken

a.to fix

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b.fixed

c.fixing

d.is fixed

e.could fix

9.Miss. Rina complained about … about the meeting

a.not being told

b.not telling

c.not to tell

d.she tells

e.doesn’t tell

10.He was working in the garden, so he didn’t hear thephone …

a.ringing

b.to ring

c.rang

d.has rung

e.was to ring

11. ____ all the way home made us tired.

    A. Walk
    B. Walking
    C. We have walked
D. We walk
    E. We are walking

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 CHAPTER 5
POEM

WHAT IS POEM?

Poem is a piece of writing that partakes of the nature of both speech and
song that is nearly always rhytmical, usually methaporical. Jika dalam bahasa
indonesia, sajak hampir sama dengan puisi, bahkan banyak yang sulit
membedakan antara keduanya. Sejatinya, sajak merupakan suatu bentuk tulisan
yang penyajian nya memiliki sifat teratur dan terikat dalam baris antara satu sama
lainya.

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POETRY

WHAT IS POETRY?

Poetry is literary work in which special intensity is given to the expression

of feeling and ideas by the use of distinctive style and rhytm. Dalam bahasa
Indonesia, Poetry merupakan suatu bentuk karya tulis yang biasanya merupakan
ekspresi jiwa dengan nilai estetika yang berkualitas dan memiliki makna yag
mendalam. Poetry dalam bahasa indonesia disebut dengan puisi.

My Heart Beat

By Wesley Bullock

The sound of my heart beat is racing

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 I always thinking of you pacing into my arms let me hold you tight only thing

I want from you is to smile cause your smile is bright as the sunlight i might have
been fallen into your love i can see at top nobody else above it

I will search high or low just see you and hear you talk never have no fear i’m
never gonna break your heart I know we can’t be rushing it feels like my heart is
gushing out my chest

I just wanna say pick me and i can do better for than the rest i can show you whos
the best my heart is racing more im still waiting you pace into my arms if you
wanna hear them three words

I love you if thats the case

PROSE

WHAT IS PROSE?

Prose is written or spoken language in its ordinary form, without metrical

structure. Jika dalam bahasa indonesia, prosedisebut dengan prosa dan memiliki
arti sebuah bentuk karya tulis dengan ritme yang besar dan biasanya digunakan
untuk menuangkan sebuah ide, fakta, pendapat ataupun gagasan.

An example of a prose poem written by Gary Young, Poet Laureate of Santa Cruz
county, is called 'I discovered a journal'.

'I discovered a journal in the children's ward, and read, I'm a mother, my little boy
has cancer. Further on, a girl has written, this is my nineteenth operation. She

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says, sometimes it's easier to write than to talk, and I'm so afraid. She's offered me
a page in the book. My son is sleeping in the room next door. This afternoon, I
held my whole weight to his body while a doctor drove needles deep into his leg.
My son screamed, Daddy, they're hurting me, don't let them hurt me, make them
stop. I want to write, how brave you are, but I need a little courage of my own, so
I write, forgive me, I know I let them hurt you, please don't worry. If I have to, I
can do it again.'

The prose poem looks, at first glance, like prose. But unlike prose, it resists
conventional narrative or character. The voice of the speaker is never elaborated
on (except that he is a father). The poem defies easy interpretation, due to multiple
pronouns that are not clarified, in addition to raising the question of whose journal
it is. If you read the prose poem out loud, you can hear the rhythm that the prose
poem contains. It's not as clear-cut as a traditional poem, since it is a prose poem,
but there is clearly a consideration to each word and sentence the writer chose.

Perbedaan Antara Poem, Poetry Dan Prose

 Poem : Merupakan sebuah sajak dalam bahasa inggris yang setiap barisnya
saling memiliki keterikatan.

 Poetry : Merupakan sebuah puisi (karya tulis) dalam bahasa inggris yang
memiliki sebuah estetika dan makna yang mendalam.

 Prose : Prose atau prosa merupakan karya tulis yang memiliki ritme yang
besar dan biasanya digunakan untuk menuagkan ide atau gagasan akan suatu
hal.

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 Exercise

SPRING

In the early part of spring

You will hear, many birds sing
They are just letting, the rest of us know
Winter is over, spring melted the snow

You will notice, a beautiful scene

The trees will slowly, begin to turn green
Chipmunks and bunnies will come out and play,
Bears will no longer, sleep during the day

It’s exciting, when spring finally arrives

Bees will make honey, inside their hives
So much to do, so much to see
Insects and animals are happy and free

1.    What is the poetry about?

A.       School life
B.       Home
C.      Love
D.      Nature
E.       Politics

2.    How many stanzas does the poem have?

A.       One
B.       Two

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C.      Three
D.      Four
E.       Five

3.    What is ‘spring, sing, know, snow’ (stanza 3) called?

A.       Assonance
B.       Alliteration
C.      Diction
D.      Rhyme
E.       Personae

4.    The animals told in the poem is, except ….

A.       Birds
B.       Bee
C.      Bears
D.      Butterfly
E.       Insects

5.    What is able to melt the snow?

A.       Spring
B.       Winter
C.      Trees
D.      Bunnies
E.       Honey
Around the Year
In January the year just begins.

In February there’s a Valentine for everyone.

In March the winds can blow and blow.

In April spring comes and there’s no more snow.

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 In May the air is fresh and clean.

In June the grass is long and green.

In July the sun is high in the sky.

In August hot winds go blowing by.

In September we children go to school.

In October Halloween fun is the rule.

In November we have a day of Thanksgiving.

In December there’s holiday fun in giving.

6. how many cultural events are the in the poem

A. One.
B. Two
C. Three
D. No One

7. what season is mentioned

A. spiring.
B. auntumns
C. summer
D. winter

8. how is the air in may ?

A. Cold and dirty
B. fresh and clean
C. fresh and cold
D. cold and clean

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9. how is the graass in june ?
A. Long and grren
B. long and thick
C. green and short
D. green and thick

10. how is the sun july ?

A. Hot
B. high
C. bright
D. low

11. how would you feel in august

A. i felt the hot wind
B. i felt the cool air
C. i felt bright sun
D. i felt windy season

12. what season do you think it is ?

A. auntumn
B. spring
C. winter
D. summer

13. why do you have ‘ holiday fun in giving’ in december

A. because there is christmas eve
B. because we want to establish charity
C. because we need give some body
D. because there is poor people to help

14. which countries do you think experience those event?

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A. indonesia
B. malaysia
C. united states
D. singapore

Birthday boy
Vachel lindsay

When i was one

It was so much fun
When i was two
The world was new
Then i turned quickly
Into a boy of three
One year more
And i was four
Now im happy to say
Im a year older today
And soon you’ll see
Another birthday party of me
Do you know
How old i’ll be ?

15. what is the poem about ?

A. it is about birthday party of boy
B. it is about happy boy
C. it is about numeral
D. it is about new world

16. how old is the boy now ?

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A. 4 years old
B. 5 years old
C. 6 years old
D. 7 years old

17. how old will the boy be ?

A. he will be six
B. he will be five
C. he will be four
D. he will be seven

18. mention two sequence lines wich have rhyme?

A. line 1 and 2
B. line 2 and 3
C. line 4 and 5
D.line 13 and 14
The Little Turtle
BY VACHEL LINDSAY

There was a little turtle.

He lived in a box.

He swam in a puddle.

He climbed on the rocks.

He snapped at a mosquito.

He snapped at a flea.

He snapped at a minnow.

And he snapped at me.

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 He caught the mosquito.

He caught the flea.

He caught the minnow.

But he didn't catch me.

19. what is poem about ?

A. it is about climbing rocks
B. it is about mosquito
C. it is about a boy
D. it is about little turtle

20. what couldn’t the turtle do?

A. catch the rocks
B. catch mosquitos
C. catch me
D. catch plankton

Essay
1. What is a poem?
2. What is poetry ?
3. Give one example poem !
4. What the purpose makking poem ?
5. Give one example poetry !
My Best Friend
You love me for me.
How is it possible that-
My very being, you understand, you see.
In my mind, you shall remain-

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 If something should ever happen to you,
My sunshine would turn to rain.
You will always be in my heart,
For that is where you belong,
That is where you were from the very start.
Thank you for being you.
Thank you for understanding.
Thank you for always being true.
I love you.
6. What is the title of the poem? (My Best Friend).
7. The first line says, “You love me for me.”  What does the word ‘you’ refer to?
(  writer’s friend.)
8. What can we learn from the poem? ( We need friends)

CHAPTER 6

Reservation
RESERVATION according to the dictionary is the action of reserving something.
Reservation can be done in 3 ways;
1. Can be done at the hotel to reserve rooms
2. Can be done at the airport, train station, or travel agent to reserve tickets or seats
3. Can be done at the restaurant to reserve tables or order some foods and drinks
Below are the explanation how to reserve in English

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Making room reservation
Special expressions in making room reservation
(English)
(Bahasa Indonesia)
• I would like to reserve a single room for tonight.
• Saya ingin memesan kamar single untuk malam ini.
• I would like to book a double room for this weekend.
• Saya ingin memesan kamar double untuk akhir minggu ini.
• Could I reserve a family room from July 30th until August 2nd?
• Bisakah saya memesan kamar family mulai 30 juli sampai 2 agustus?
Handling room reservation
Special expressions in handling room reservation
Special expressions in handling room reservation
(English)
(Bahasa Indonesia)
• Good morning, Grand Asia Hotel, can I help you, sir?
• Selamat pagi, hotel Grand Asia, bisakah saya membantu anda, pak?
• What can I do for you?
• Adakah yang bisa saya bantu?
• May I have your name/address/phone number, please?
• Bolehkah saya meminta nama/alamat/nomer telepon anda?

1. Erma : .....................for 'Laskar Pelangi' film tonight.

Jihan : let me check it.Sorry,the ticket is sold out,but the next film's ticket is available.
A.I'd like ou show us the ticket
B.We need to return the tickets
C.I'd like to book a ticket
D.You have to obtain a ticket

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2. Receptionist: Can I help you?
Tomi : Yes...................Is that possible to get two double rooms for next month?
Receptionist:Of course.May I know your name and address,please?
A.I'd like to make a reservation
B.I want you to check my rooms
C.I'd like to confirm my reservation
D.I want to reserve a table

3. Receptionist:Family Restarant.Can I help you?

Bunga :Yes,please........... for next Saturday evening.
Receptionist:I'm afraid we can't.We're fully booked this month.
A.I need to reserved a room
B.I want to book a ticket
C.I'd like to reserve two tables
D.I really need your help

4. Waiter:Under what name would you like the reservation?

Hasan:Siregar.Hasan Siregar.
Waiter:............................
Hasan:Yes,it is 555-9363.
A.May I have your phone number
B.Can I tell you my phone number
C.Should you write your phone number
D.Will you speak about your phone number

5. You want to reserve a room in Ciputra Hotel by phone. You dial the number of Patra
Jasa Hotel.The receptionist will say .........................
A.Ciputra Hotel is calling
B.Sorry,this is not Patra Hotel
C.Sorry,you get the wrong number

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D.Good morning,who are you?

6. John has just arrived in Bali.He's at the airport hotel information counter.
Clerk :Good morning.May I help you?
Traveler:Hello, my name is John.
Clerk :I see. A single.
Traveler:Yes,please................................
A.I need two rooms,please.
B.I'm going to stay in your hotel.
C.I'd like to reserve a room for tonight
D.I have no place to spend the night

7. Receptionist:Hello.Good morning,"Mak Nyos" Restaurant.May I help you?

Customer : Customer:...................................
Receptionist: All right.
A.I'd like to see the menu
B.I need a glass of Soda
C.I'd like to book a table
D.I need to arrenge the meeting

8. Danny Smith has just arrived in the U.S. He's at the airport hotel information counter.
Clerk :Good morning.May I help you?
Traveler :Hello,my name is Denny Smith.................................
Clerk :I see. A single.
Traveler: Yes,please.
A.I want to order a single room
B.I have no place to spend the hight
C.I'd like to reserve a room for tonight
D.I'm going to stay in your hotel

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9. Andre : I need to book a room for this weekend. May I know the rate?
Banu : ........... And which room would you like to have, single or double?
Andre : Sure, My name is Andrea Thomas and I'd like single room, please.
A.Will you put me through Mr.Brown?
B.Can I talk to the manager?
C. May I leave a message?
D.May I know who's speaking?

10. Ticket service: ......................

Ms. Eva : I want an economy class. Would you give me A seat by the isle?
Ticket service: Sure, ma'am, here is your ticket.
A. Would you take the business class?
B. What kind of ticket do you need, Ma'am?
C. Where would you like to stay?
D. When would you like to go?

ESSAY
Example of making and handling tickets reservation:
Travel Agent : Good morning, Bali Prima Travel Agency, can I help you, sir?
Susan Sarandon : Good morning, I would like to reserve a round ticket to Jakarta,
please?
Travel Agent : Yes, For what date?
Susan Sarandon : Tomorrow
Travel Agent : Let me check first… Oh yes, there is Lion Air at 04.00 a.m. and Batavia
Air at 09.30 a.m. tomorrow.
Susan Sarandon : OK, I’ll take the Batavia Air.
Travel Agent : May I have your name and address, please?
Susan Sarandon : My name is Susan Sarandon, Jalan Pahlawan 18, Surabaya.
Travel Agent : May I have your phone number Ms. Sarandon?

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Susan Sarandon : My phone number is 555-987654
Travel Agent Have a nice trip Ms.Sarandon. Thanks for calling us.
Susan Sarandon You are welcome.
QUESTIONS
1. What is the dialogue about?
2. Where does the dialog take place?
3. Where will Susan go?
4. What kind of ticket is Susan reserved?
5. What airline does Susan choose?
APPOINTMENT ( Janji ) => bentuk ekspresi yang di gunakan untuk membuat
perjanjian bertemu dengan seseorang pada waktu tertentu (yang telah di tentukan )
Ungkapan-ungkapan Berikut ini bisa kalian gunakan untuk mengungkapkan Janji

 I HAVE SOMETHING IMPORTANT TO TALK TO YOU. WHAT ABOUT

discussing it after school.
 HOW ABOUT working together after school?
 I`D LIKE TO MAKE AN APPOINTMENT WITH Dr. Albert.
 HOW ABOUT TONIGHT?
 HOW ABOUT AFTER THE BREAK?
 WOULD TOMORROW MORNING BE POSSIBLE?
 CAN I SEE YOU TONIGHT?

Bagaimana cara menerima Janji/ ACCEPTING AN APPOINTMENT?

 SURE
 CERTAINLY
 GREAT
 GREAT,THAT WOULD BE FINE
 IT`S A DEAL
 I `D BE HAPPY TO…
 BY ALL MEANS
 I DON`T MIND…

Bagaimana membatalkan Janji/ CANCELLING AN APPOINMENT

 I`M SORRY. I`M AFRAID I CAN`T.

 I THINK I CAN`T
 I WISH I COULD, BUT…
 I CAN`T MAKE IT, SORRY.
 I`M TERRIBLY SORRY. I`M BUSY.

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The following dialogue is for number 1 to 2.
Pete: “Would you like dinner with me tonight?”
Kate: “Thank you. I’d love to.”
1. From the dialogue above we conclude that….
a. Kate declines the invitation.
b. Pete wants to have dinner.
c. Kate loves Pete.
d. Pete invites Kate to have dinner together.
e. Pete make a date with Kate.

2. What the Underline sentence express?

a. Accepting invitation.
b. Refusing help.
c. Greeting.
d. Canceling invitation.
e. Agreeing an appointment.

3. Is Pete inviting Kate?

a. No, she doesn’t.
b. Yes, he is.
c. Yes she isn’t.
d. No, they aren’t.
e. Yes, it isn’t.

4. Yu’ul: “Would you like a cup of tea?”

Ipeh: “Yes, I want it.
The dialogue uses expression of….
a. offering help
b. accepting and refusing an appointment

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c. offering and accepting
d. make an appointment
e. refusing something

5. Coki: “Would you come with me to Lia’s party?”

Citra: “That would be nice. What’s time?”
From the underline sentence, we know that….
a. Citra doubt to go with Coki.
b. Coki ask for help to Citra.
c. Coki orders Citra to go with him.
d. Citra asks Coki to go together.
e. Citra accepts Coki’s Invitation.

The following text is for number 6 to 7.

PT. CSL
Indosejahtera
18 Jl Nyak Arief Banda Aceh
23121
8 of June,
2014
Dear Mr. Rakib,
It is a great honor for us to extend this invitation to you. We would like to invite you and
Ms. Rakib to celebrate our company’ Anniversary.
We are going to have party to mark the tent Anniversary of PT CSL Indosejahtera. The
Party to commemorate this special event will be held on 30 of June, 2014, Monday
evening from 7:00 p.m. till 11:00 p.m. at Hermes Room Hermes Hotel.
We hope that you and Mr. Rakib would be available to come. We eagerly look forward
to seeing you both in our company’s anniversary party.
Yours sincerely,
Alex Manuhutu
General Manager
SVP (0651)12345567

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Dress: Suit & National/Night Dress.

6. Where is the location of PT CSL Indosejahtera?

a. Medan.
b. Lampung.
c. Banda Aceh.
d. Tanjungpinang.
e. Bandarlampung.

7. When will the party be held?

a. 29th of June.
b. 30th of June.
c. 1st of July.
d. 2nd of July.
e. 3rd of July.

8. How old is PT CSL Indosejahtera when the party is held?

a. 9 years old
b. 10 years old
c. 11 years old
d. 12 years old
e. 13 years old

9. What is the position of Alex Manuhutu?

a. General Manager.
b. Sales Manager.
c. Production Manager.
d. Consume Manager.
e. Accounting Manager.

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10. What kind of letter is it?
a. Announcement.
b. Invitation letter.
c. Complaint letter.
d. Offering letter.
e. Obligation letter.

ESSAY
Mika : Good morning. Mr Harun’s office.
Jaya : Good morning. Can I speak to Ahmad Harun, please?
Mika : I’m afraid he’s in a meeting until lunchtime. Could I take a message, Sir?
Jaya : Well, I’d like to make an appointment to see him, please. It’s Aji Jaya here.
Mika : Could you hold on for a minute, Mr Jaya? I’ll just look in the diary. So, when’s
convenient for you?
Jaya : Would next Wednesday be okay?
Mika : Wednesday. Let me see. He is out of the office all morning. But he's free in the
afternoon, after about three.
Jaya : Three o'clock is difficult. But I could make it after four.
Mika : So shall we say 4.15 next Wednesday, in Mr Harun’s office?
Jaya : Yes, that sound

CHAPTER 7

Banner

Banner is a flag or other piece of cloth bearing a symbol, logo, slogan

or other message. Banner adalah salah satu media promosi yang dicetak dengan
Print Digital yang umumnya berbentuk Potrait atau Vertikal. Banner biasanya
dilengkapi simbol, logo, slogan, atau pesan lainnya. Banner juga sering disebut

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sebagai Spanduk dan Balih

Brochure

Brochure is a single set of paper to give information, to promote or to

advertise something. Brosur adalah lembaran tipis berbentuk cetakan yang
bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi, untuk mempromosikan atau untuk
mengiklankan sesuatu

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Poster

Poster is any piece of printed paper designed to be attached to a wall

or vertical surface. Poster merupakan karya seni atau desain grafis yang memuat
komposisi gambar dan huruf di atas kertas berukuran besar.

STOP! GLOBAL WARMING

Do the "RIGHT" thing with what's "LEFT"

of our Planet 

SAVE OUR EARTH

Pamphlet

Pamphlet is an unbound booklet (that is, without a hard cover or

binding). It may consist of a single sheet of paper that is printed on both sides
and folded in half, in thirds, or in fourths (called a leaflet). Pamflet adalah
tulisan yang dapat disertai dengan gambar atau tidak, tanpa penyampulan maupun
penjilidan, yang dicantumkan pada selembar kertas di satu sisi atau kedua sisinya,
lalu dilipat atau dipotong setengah, sepertiga, atau bahkan seperempatnya,

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sehingga terlihat lebih kecil (dapat juga disebut selebaran).

Tapuih Cafe

Established in 1990, Tapuih Cafe is the

grooviest place on the planet for tasty
Hamburgers and Fried Rice.

HAMBURGERS
FRIED RICE
FRENCH FRIES

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Exercise

Read the text carefully and choose the best answer of each questions!

Page 63 of 127
1.  What is the purpose of the text?
A. To tell us about English Course
B. To advertise a English Course
C. To promote about English Contest
D. To describe a English Contest

2. Which one is TRUE!

A. Registration will be opened June 15
B. Registration will be closed June 13
C. The poster about English course
D. The contest will be running in four days

3. The poster promote about several contests, except 

A. Speech contest
B. Reading news contest
C. Poetry contest
D. Debate contest

4. "Win prizes" the closest meaning of underlined words....

A. Win a prize
B. Get an award 
C. There is no reward
D. There are several prizes 

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5.What is the genre of the text ? 
a.notice 
b.banner 
c.label 
d.tips 
e.postcard 

6.What is the text about ? 

a.offer of expensive cars 
b.offer of education abroad 
c.offer of package tour 
d.offer of two storeys house 
e.offer of merchandise 

7.Where is the house located ? 

a.near a market 
b.by the river 
c.near a school 
d.near a lake 

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 e.near a stadium
The following text is for questions 8 and 9

BIG SALE & BIG DISCOUNT

In welcoming New Year 2014, Humaniora Bookstore offers big discounts of up to
50%.
New books are also sold at very cheap prices, from Rp8,000 to Rp20,000.
Additionally, customers will receive a coupon  which will be drawn every day if
they spend Rp100,000 in purchases.
The lucky one will receive a shopping voucher to Rp200,000.
Big Sale & Big Discounts programme will last  from 28th to 31st December 2013.
 On 31st December 2013 will be open until 10 p.m.
Wait no more!
Please visit Humaniora Bookstore
At Jl. Humaniora No. 101 Jakarta.
Get The Books of your choice!

8.   What is the text about?

A.    The new Humaniora Bookstore.

B.     Buying books on New Year 2014.
C.     Winning a shopping voucher of up to Rp200,000.
D.    An interesting midnight book sale programme.
E.     A big sale and big discount for books

9.   How long will the programme last?

A.    For two days

B.     For three days
C.     For four days
D.    For six days
E.     For seven days

The following text is for questions 10

Waka di Ume
The classic resort in the rice field
Spa & beauty center, No noise - no TV, no Radio – sounds of silence, Restaurant,
Yoga / meditation center, Two swimming pools, Lanais or Villa, with private
pool.
Special offer

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 Prior to Peak season
November / December
========================================
See the website:
www.wakadiumeubud.com

10.   What happened to the resort in November and December?

A.       There is no privacy to do things.

B.        People have special atmosphere.
C.        It offers special menu.
D.       It is closed.
E.        Many people visit it.

11. What is the text about?

     A. An offer to advertise your business
     B. An offer to download Facebook APP
     C. An offer to make money from
Facebook  
D. An offer to publish your product

12. "Monetize your APP by showing ads from facebook's 2 million advertisers"
The underlined word means ....
     A. Break APP
     B. Invite someone
     C. Gain connection

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     D. Produce money

13. What is the genre of the text?

     A. Notice
     B. Banner
     C. Label
     D. Announcement 

14. "Enjoy the freedom of learning English ..." Synonym of the underlined word is
....
     A. Inability
     B. Difficulty
     C. Liberty
     D. Equality 

15. Based on the text above, How to learn English online for free?
     A. You need to watch the Youtube channel
     B. You should download the E-book
     C. You must subscribe the website
     D. You can visit

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16. What event show in the poster?
     A. Club night
     B. Acoustic night
     C. Music show
     D. Fashion show 

17. When the event be held?

     A. Friday, 3 July 7pm
     B. Saturday, 3 July 7pm
     C. Friday, 3 July 8pm
     D. Friday, 2 July 7pm 

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18. Where is the event located?
     A. Melbourne
     B. New York
     C. Malone Road
     D. Jakarta

19.  What is the Pamphlet about?.....

     A. Open a new Restaurant
     B. Promote Pizza House
     C. Launch a new Pizza House
     D. Publish a best service 

20. The statements below are true, EXCEPT ....

     A. Pay 30$ you can get 1 regular pasta
     B. Pay 50$ you can get 3 cold drinks
     C. Pizza serve by skilled pizza baker
     D. Amazing launch set available for four hours

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 Essay

1. What is a pamfleth? Explain

2. What is a leafleth ? explain

3. What is the pamfleth about ?

4. What the purpose of makking brosure ?
5. What the purpose of makking banner ?

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 CHAPTER 8
LET ME GIVE YOU AN EXAMPLE

1. PENGGUNAAN

1. For Example

Penggunaan “For Example” dalam Bahasa Inggris

For Example adalah yang terbanyak digunakan di dalam

memberikan
contoh di dalam bahasa inggris. Hal yang perlu di perhatikan
adalah:
1). Jika terletak di awal kalimat, harus diikuti koma
-There are many activites in the morning. For
example, the student goes to school.

2). Terletak di tengah kalimat, umumnya antara

subjekdan predikat
Example:
-Social security, for example, is the responsibility of our
goverment.

2. For instance

Penggunaan “For Example” dalam Bahasa Inggris

For instance memiliki fungsi yang sama dengan for example.
Hanya saja umumnya lebih sering digunakan di tengah kalimat.

Example:

-In the economic sector, for instance, Indonesia is still better than
Thailand.

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 3. E.g
Penggunaan “e.g” dalam Bahasa Inggris

Sementara itu, e.g. juga digunakan untuk memberikan contoh. E.g.

adalah kependekan dari exempli gratia yang berasal dari bahasa
Latin.

Rumus penggunaan e.g:

Statement (pernyataan) + e.g + example (menggunakan satu

contoh atau lebih)

Example:

-High level smartphones, (e.g. Samsung and Iphone) are the leader
of the world market

Jika tidak menggunakan tanda () kita bisa menggunakan koma

sebelum e.g.

Example:

-Today people, e.g. children, play with smartphone.

4. i.e

Penggunaan “i.e” dalam Bahasa Inggris

Seperti yang sudah disebutkan sebelumnya bahwa i.e

bukanlah “in example” melainkan serupa dengan “it is” atau “that
is”, bisa juga “other words”. Dalam Bahasa Indonesia sendiri bisa
diartikan “yaitu”. Fungsi penggunaan i.e sendiri untuk menjelaskan
sesuatu hal lebih spesifik, contoh:

Hal yang sering terjadi kesalahan adalah penggunaan i.e.

yang disamakan dengan e.g. Perbedaan mendasar adalah i.e
sepadan dengan that is yang umumnya digunakan untuk
mendefinisikan_,_ sementara e.g. sepadan dengan for example.

Rumus penggunaan i.e:

Statement (pernyataan) + i.e + further definition (penjelasan lebih

spesifik)

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 Example: I love reading novels, e.g romance novel, mystery novel
and sci-fiction novel

5. Such as
Kata such as sebenarnya tidak bisa ditukarkan dengan like,
karena memang keduanya memiliki arti atau makna yang berbeda. Such
as memiliki arti ‘misalnya’ atau ‘for example’. Such as digunakan
dengan kata benda dan untuk memberikan contoh.

Example:

-He likes playing sports such as tennis, football and swimming.

-I like to travelling  in Indonesia such as Bandung, Jogjakarta,

malang and so’on

Secara statistik berikut penggunaan for example, for instance, dan

e.g. seperti yang ditampilkan di dalam kamus Macmillan:

Terlihat di dalam frekuensi di atas adalah for example paling sering

digunakan di dalam tulisan-tulisan akademik.

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2. Contoh lain dari for example, for instance, e.g, i.e, and such as

-For example
1) During the 18th and early 19th centuries, many Americans
were known as “the Great Unwashed”. There are some
reasons for this. For example, in one city in the United
States a person could only take a bath every thirty day.
2) My wife loves old TV shows, for example, The twilight
zone and Gilligan’s island.
3) Stess may cause some health issue, for example, blood
pressure, heart disease, and asthma.
4) My sister loves travelling. For example, last week she went
to Bali and Lombok
5) There are many ways to express our thought and feeling.
For example, writing in a blog and share some notes with
other friends around the world is very exciting.

-For Instance
1) What do you do on your special day, for instance, you
marriage anniversary?
2) Could you tell me a little bit about yourself, for instance,
your hobby?
3) By the end of 5th century, English was spoken not only by
the peoples of the British Isles, but also the UK ex-
occupied countries, for instance, the United States, Canada,
Australia, New Zealand and South Africa
4) There are many interesting places to visit in the city. The
art museum, for instance, has an excellent collection of
modern paintings.
5) There are many ways to express our thought and feeling.
Blogwalking, for instance, will enhance for friendship

-e.g
1) There are many interesting places to visit in the
city, e.g., the botanical garden and the art museum.
2) In a code, several words of the original text, even, the
entire message may be replaced by prearranged words or by

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 a symbo, e.g. “The eagle has landed” to relay a message
“the secret agent has arrived”
3) Nana is stupid, e.g he never reading book, he get rank 40
4) Farid is smart, e.g he always reading book, he got rank 1.
5) We have many interesting books to read, e.g., Ayat Ayat
Cinta and Habibie & Ainun

-i.e
1) Class is very clean in MAN 1 BOGOR i.e is class
science eight
2) The animal is divided into 3 groups, i.e carnivore,
herbivore, and omnivore

3) Inuit are a group of nomadic people, i.e., they keep

moving from one place to another.

4) I challenged myself by eating food that i hate i.e, fish

5) I like animals, i.e cat and dog.

-Such as
1) I prefer to wear casual clothes, such as jeans and a
sweatshirt.
2) We can get a discount on a lot of things, such
as household items, groceries and toiletries, by using
coupons.
3) Many job such as teacher and doctor are now so
popular.
4) Magazines such as Times, Newsweek, and U.S News
and World Reportprovide the reader with a pictorial
report of the week’s event
5) Kinds of furniture, such as tables and chairs, are
wooden made.

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3. Pengertian Phrases
Phrase atau frase merupakan kelompok kata yang tidak terdiri dari
subjek dan kata kerja. Phrase bisa berbentuk noun phrase, adjective phrase,
verb phrase, dan prepositional phrase.

Example : 1) The bewildered tourist was lost.

Perbedaan antara Phrase, Clause, dan Sentence

1. Phrases

Phrase adalah kelompok kata, clause adalah anak kalimat dalam

suatu kalimat besar dan sentence adalah sekelompok kata yang terdiri dari
subyek dan predikat.

Contoh:

1. Noun phrase: an amazing dancer, the best idea, an

abstract painting.

2. Adjective phrase: a dark room, a sweet apple

3. Verb phrase: is swimming, , have been gone, will take

the control

4. Prepositional Phrase: in the noon, at room , with my

mother.

2. Clause
Clause merupakan sekelompok kata yang terdiri dari subjek dan
kata kerja. Clause terbagi ke dalam dua bentuk yaitu independent clause
dan dependent clause.

Contoh:

1. He order something when he need.

He order something = independent clause

when he need = dependent clause

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 2. She has talk to her mother who she missed so much.

She has talk to her mother = independent clause

who she missed so much = dependent clause

- Independent clause adalah clause yang bisa berdiri sendiri serta dianggap
sebuah kalimat utuh.

- Dependent clause membutuhkan clause lain untuk membentuk kalimat

utuh.

3. Sentence
Sentence atau kalimat merupakan kesatuan pikiran utuh atau
sekelompok kata yang mempunyai subjek dan predikat.

Contoh:

1. Sinta took the papers from the shelf

2. She got hurt when her uncle say something harsh to her

3. I can’t go to vacation this time.

Phrase Used Within a Sentence

A phrase is a group of words that express a concept and is used as
a unit within a sentence. Eight common types of phrases are: noun, verb,
gerund, infinitive, appositive, participial, prepositional, and absolute. Take
a look at our selection of phrase examples below.

Phrases Used to Begin a New Sentence

"The" is not an incorrect word to use to start a sentence but you
never want to use the same word over and over because it makes your
sentences sound repetative and not as professional. If you are using "the"
repeatedly, it probably means you are always writing sentences which
start with the subject.

Example : 1)

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4. Soal

A. pilihan ganda
1. Some junk food … pizza and hamburger contain a lot of protein and vitamins.

a. For example

b. Such as

c. for instance

d. e.g

e. i.e

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 2. I like to buy bags from world’s top fashion brands, … , Gucci and
Chanel

a. For example

b. Such as

c. I.E

d. E.G

e. For instance

3. Susan have met many famous singers. … , she met Selena Gomez last
week.

a. For example

b. Such as

c. for instance

d. i.e

e. e.g

4. ..........., she is now the president of Finland, but Tarja Halonen was the
foreign minister of Finland and, at a certain stage, head of the European
Union
a. such as
b. for instance
c. for example
d. e.g
e. i.e
5. ............, if you look at the odds on horses at a racetrack, they predict
almost perfectly how likely a horse is to win.
a. i.e

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 b. for instance
c. for example
d. such as
e. e.g

6. ..........., we told some people, "Look, you can buy the sweater, but you
can't tell anybody you own it, and you can't resell it."
a. for instance
b. for example
c. i.e
d. e.g
e. such as

7. The mother can't resist discussing about her children grades.

...............,she scolds the children to not playing smartphones until they can
fix their grades.

a. for example
b. such as
c. i.e
d. e.g
e. for instance

8. I brought a lot of tools to fix the wall. .................,wrench,hammer and

scew.
a. for example
b.i.e
c. such as
d.for instance
e. e.g

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9. We can enjoy the games........... rollercoaster,throwing ball,shipwrecking
a. for example
b. such as
c. i.e
d.for instance
e. e.g

10. The recommended sports you should do ...........push up,tiger

jumping,shuttle run are the good sports for you
a. e.g
b. i.e
c. for example
d. for instance
e. such as

B. ESSAY
1. What is meants by example?
2. How many examples have been studied?
3. What is meant for example and explain?
4. Mention 3 Examples of such as!
5. Mention 5 mean of for instance!
6. what is meant by e.g?
7. what is meant by i.e?
8. specify 5 uses of for instance?
9. Mention 3 Examples of e.g!
10.Mention 3 Examples of i.e!

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 CHAPTER 9

Subjective and Objective Writing

Subjective Writing, is a type of writing when you use your own thoughts
and feelings. Writing subjective authors clearly state their opinion,rather
than just giving a general overview of the situation. Example of writing
subjective among others are journals, poetry, blogs, fiction, and letters.
1. Three examples of Subjective writing

2. The T-Rex was the coolest of all dinosaurs. I love how other
dinosaurs would run in fear when the they saw the t-rex

3. I have three cats of my own and I think they are really easy to take
care of.

4. We Americans need to elect a president who is mature and who is

able to make wise decisions.

Objective Writing, is a type of writing when you use facts and the other
doesn't prefer something over something. The objective writing in which
the author attempts to remain neutral and just gives the facts. Example of
writing objective among others are news, newspaper, non-fiction, history
books and encyclopedias.
1. The T-rex was a prehistoric carnivorous dinosaur. It walked on two
legs, and had massive skull balanced by a long heavy tail.

2. When presented targeted sight words, Jane will independently read

4 out of 5 sight words correctly

Hortatory Exposition

A hortatory exposition is a type of spoken or written text that is intended

to explain the listeners or readers that something should or should not
happen or be done.In other words, the main function of Hortatory
Exposition text is to persuade the readersor listener that something should
or should not be the case. To strengthen the explanation, the speaker or
writer needs some arguments as the fundamental reasons of the given idea.

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In other words, this kind of text can be called as argumentation. Hortatory
exposition text can be found in scientific books, journals, magazines,
newspaper articles, academic speech or lectures, research report etc.
Hortatory expositions are popular among science, academic community
and educated people. It means that the text asserts something to the readers
by giving supporting statement and evidence to convince it. To make the
persuasion stronger, the speaker or writer gives some arguments as the
fundamental reasons why something is the case. The characteristics of
hortatory exposition contain:

1. Purpose

To persuade the reader or listener that something should or should not

be the case

2. Generic structure

a) Thesis : it presents announcement of issue of concern.

b) Arguments : it presents the reasons for concern, leading to

recommendation.

c) Recommendation : it presents the statement of what ought

or ought not to happen

3. Lexicogrammatical features

a) Focus on generic human and non-human participants

b) The use material processes

c) Using Present Tense

d) Using conjunction

Example Hortatory Exposition:

HORTATORY EXPOSITION
It is a kind of text type that presents arguments or reasons to support the
opinion. It is aimed to persuade the readers or listeners that something
should or should not be the case. The difference of analytical and hortatory
exposition is on the term of its generic structure in the last part thatis

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 called as reiteration in analytical and recommendation in hortatory
exposition. The function of both is quite different. In analytical exposition,
reiteration is used to give emphasize on the writer’s opinion by restating
point of view. While in hortatory exposition, recommendation is used to
give advice or such a suggestion to the readers to make a choice by
considering the presented arguments. In short the purpose of hortatory
exposition text is to argue a case for against a particular position or point
of view and it purposes a suggestion in the end of the argumentation.
Some examples of hortatory exposition are: Editorial, letter to the editor,
and letter to a politician.
Generic Structure of Hortatory Exposition
The generic structure of hortatory exposition is:
1. An Introductory Statement: It consists of the author’s point of view
(thesis), preview of the arguments that will follow in the next section,
and a question or emotional statement to get audience attention.

2. A series of arguments to convince the audience: This part is significant to

support about the thesis. Therefore, it needs some requirements. They are
explained as follow:

a) A new paragraph is used for each argument

b) Each new paragraph begins with topic sentence

c) After topic sentence comes the details to support the arguments

d) Emotive words are used to persuade the audience into believing

the author.

3. Recommendation: statement of what should or should not happen or be

done based on the given arguments. Language Features of Hortatory
Exposition

a) Common grammatical patterns in hortatory exposition include:

Abstract nouns, e.g. culture, etc.

b) Action verbs, e.g. value, etc.

Connectives, e.g. first, second, etc.

c) Modal auxiliaries: Should, ought to, had better

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Example of Hortatory Exposition text:
The Importance of Reading
Thesis:
I personally think that reading is a very important activity in our life. Why
do I say so?
Argument I:
Firstly, by reading we can get a lot of knowledge about many things in the
world such as Science, technology, sports, arts, culture, etc written in
either books, magazine, newspaper, etc.
Argument II:
Secondly, by reading we can get a lot of news and information about
something happening in any parts of the world which can we see directly.
Argument III:
Another reason, reading can give us pleasure too. When we are tired, we
read books, novel, comic, newspaper or magazine on the entertainment
column such as comedy, short story, quiz, etc. To make us relaxed.
Argument IV:
The last, reading can also take us to other parts of the world. By reading a
book about Irian Jaya we may feel we’re really sitting in the jungles not at
home in our rooms.
Recommendation:
From the facts above, it’s obvious that everyone needs to read to get
knowledge, information and also entertainment. Or in summary we can
say reading is truly important in our life.
a) Language Features of Hortatory Exposition

Common grammatical patterns in hortatory exposition include:

Abstract nouns, e.g. culture, etc.

b) Action verbs, e.g. value, etc.

c) Temporal connectives, e.g. first, second, etc.

d) Modal auxiliaries: Should, ought to, had better

1. Abstract Noun

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 An abstract noun is a word which names something that you cannot
see, hear, touch, smell, or taste. It is the opposite of a concrete noun.
Examples: consideration, parenthood, belief, etc.

2. Action Verb

An action verb expresses something that a person, animal, or object can

do. For example: watch, talk, explode, reach, etc.

3. Temporal Connective

We will refer to a temporal connective as an expression which relates

an event to a point or an interval in time. For example: firstly,
secondly, thirdly, etc.

4. Modal Auxiliaries

Here's a list of the modal verbs in English: Can, Could, May, Might,
Will, Would , Must, Shall, Should, Bought to

The Subordinate Conjunction

Recognize a subordinate conjunction when you see one. Some sentences
are complex. Such sentences have two clauses, one main [or independent]
and one subordinate [or dependent]. The essential ingredient in a complex
sentence is the subordinate conjunction:
The subordinate conjunction has two jobs. First, it provides a necessary
transition between the two ideas in the sentence. This transition will
indicate a time, place, or cause and effect relationship. Here are some
examples: Louisa will wash the sink full of her dirty dishes once her
roommate Shane cleans his stubble and globs of shaving cream from the
bathroom sink. We looked on top of the refrigerator, where Jenny will
often hide a bag of chocolate chip cookies. Because her teeth were
chattering in fear, Lynda clenched her jaw muscle while waiting for her
turn to audition.
The second job of the subordinate conjunction is to reduce the importance
of one clause so that a reader understands which of the two ideas is more
important. The more important idea belongs in the main clause, the less
important in the clause introduced by the subordinate conjunction.

Read these examples:

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As Samson blew out the birthday candles atop the cake, he burned the tip
of his nose on a stubborn flame. Burning his nose > blowing out candles.
Ronnie begins to sneeze violently whenever he opens the door to greet a
fresh spring day.
Sneezing violently > opening the door. Even though Dana persevered at
the calculus exam, she was only adding another F beside her name in Dr.
Armour's grade book.
Adding another F > persevering at the exam. Punctuate a complex
sentence correctly.
Complex sentences follow two common patterns:
Main Clause + Ø + Subordinate Clause.
Nicky shook her head and sighed Ø as she puzzled over the algebra
problem.
Subordinate Clause + , + Main Clause.
When the doorbell rang, Nicky slammed shut her textbook and rose to pay
for her pizza.
Punctuation gets trickier when the subordinate clause begins with a
relative pronoun like who, which, or where. Sometimes you will need a
comma, and sometimes you won't, depending on whether the clause is
essential or nonessential. When the information in the relative clause
clarifies an otherwise general noun, the clause is essential and will follow
the same pattern that you saw above:
Main Clause + Ø + Essential Relative Clause.
Nicky paid the deliveryman Ø whose rusty hatchback choked and coughed
in the driveway. Deliveryman is a general noun. Which one are we talking
about? The relative clause whose rusty hatchback choked and coughed in
the driveway clarifies the restaurant employee we mean. The clause is thus
essential and requires no punctuation.
When a relative clause follows a specific noun, punctuation changes. The
information in the relative clause is no longer as important, and the clause
becomes nonessential. Nonessential clauses require you to use commas to
connect them.
Main Clause + , + Nonessential Relative Clause.
Nicky paid Fernando , whose rusty hatchback choked and coughed in the
driveway.Fernando, the name of a unique restaurant employee, lets us

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know which deliveryman we mean. The information in the relative clause
is no longer important and needs to be separated from the main clause with
a comma.

Relative clauses can also interrupt a main clause. When this happens, use
no punctuation for an essential clause. But if the clause is nonessential,
separate it with a comma in front and a comma behind. Take a look at
these examples:

- After seeing the cheap tip, the man Ø who delivered Nicky's pizza
Ø wished that he had driven more slowly.

- After seeing the cheap tip, Fernando, who delivered Nicky's pizza,
wished that he had driven more slowly.

Noun Clause
A noun clause has to do with the Beta Clause, which we also call a
dependent or subordinate clause which performs the function of a noun in
a sentence or functions like the nominal group. A noun serves as the
subject of the verb in a sentence or it serves as the complement of the verb
in a sentence; so does a noun clause and even a nominal or noun phrase.
For grammatical classifications that use ‘object’ instead of ‘complement’,
noun clauses can equally stand as indirect or direct objects, nominatives (a
grammatical form case of nouns and pronouns that identifies the subject of
a sentence or clause), objects of a preposition. The following words can
introduce a noun clause: what, that, where, why, when, which, whoever,
whomever, and other such words. Let us illustrate what we have explained
consider some examples:
Examples of Noun Clauses
1. What the man said is not clear (‘What the man said’ serves as the
subject of the verb ‘is not’)

2. Where he went remains unknown.

3. Why he came here is not clear.

4. Which way to turn is a bit confusing.

5. Whoever wins the race goes home with fantastic prizes.

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 6. When he left the house was not recorded.

7. We will accept whomsoever she brings home

The noun/nominal clause usually answers the question ‘who’ or ‘what’.

For instance:
1. We have been told that the examination starts this week. (We have
been told what)

2. Who wins the tournament remains unknown. (What remains

unknown?)

3. Leaving the school without permission could earn a student

suspension. (What could earn a student suspension?)

4. Whoever arrives first is the winner. (Who is the winner?)

5. Whomsoever we vote for becomes our governor. (Who is our

governor?)

As mentioned earlier, noun clause performs the same functions as a noun

in different ways. Let us examine the broad functions of noun clauses…
Functions of Noun Clauses
1. The following are various functions of noun clauses with examples
to illustrate them.

2. A subject of a Sentence or a Verb

3. When a noun clause begins a sentence, it functions as the subject

of a sentence or the verb that comes after it.

4. Whatever happens to her is none of my business

5. When you choose to start the job will determine your salary

Types of Noun/Nominal Clause

The nominal clause has different types or manifestations and it will be
beneficial for us to consider the various types. They include the following:
“That –” Clause. This usually begins with ‘that’. For example:
1. It is clear that you are up to the job.

2. That you are hungry is obvious.

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 3. He said that he was there.

4. That you have been there before gives you an advantage.

5. That he speaks flawless English does not mean he is educated.

Note!!
In instances where the ‘that-clause’ serves as the object of the
complement, the conjunction ‘that’ might be omitted. For instance:
1. It is clear you are up to the job.

2. He said he was there.

3. It was obvious he could not continue the game.

4. The magazine stated women were more than men.

5. She admitted she did not attempt all the questions.

Nominal –ing Clause

This is a noun clause that begins with a gerund or verbal noun. Examples
include:
1. Going home at this time is not advisable.

2. She loves baking cake.

3. Sleeping at work is a dereliction of duty.

4. The children love playing in the rain.

5. Watching action movies is his pastime.

To-infinitive Clause
This is noun clause begins with a to-infinitive. See these examples below:
1. To go out like this is not good.

2. Her problem is to trek a long distance.

3. To go to school is a worthy pursuit.

4. To behave like that is barbaric.

5. He loves to travel.

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“Wh–” Clause
This clause derives its name because it begins with the ‘wh-‘ words.
Examples include:
1. What he said was bad.

2. I want to know why she is here.

3. Nobody knows where they went.

4. I cannot hear what the man said.

5. She does not know what to wear.

6. Where to sleep is their concern.

Yes/No Interrogative
We usually form the yes/no interrogative with the use of ‘if’ or ‘whether’.
Let us see some examples:
1. Do you know if the banks are open?

2. Can you ask if she will come visiting?

3. Should we ask whether we could sit down?

4. Will they know if there is free transportation?

5. Would you ask if that was her husband?

Summary

This post has considered one of the major sub-types of the subordinate
clause or the dependent clause, the noun clause with its types, functions
and examples. Ensure you check the two other sub-types, the adverbial
clause and the relative clause. Do not forget to check the post, what is a
clause as it would help you put all the sub-types in perspective.
The purpose of hortatory expositions:
To persude the reder or the listener tht something should not be the case
Text organization:
1. A thesis
2. Arguments

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 3. A recommendation
Language features :
1. Emotive, words, such as alaremed, worried
2. Woards that quality statements, such as usual, probably
3. Words that link arguments, such as firstly, however, on the other
band, therefore
4. Usually use the present tense
5. Compound and complex sentences
6. Modals, can, may, should
7. Pronouns: I and we for subjective opnions
Types:
1. Letters to the editor
2. Plea in a trial case
3. Speeches

A. Cross A, B, C, D, or E for the correct answer!

1. Doni: ... our English class is very boring.

Tito: I think so too. The teacher should use more English games to make it
fun.
A. I agree

B. I think

C. I don't like it

D. I disagree.

E. I'm not sure.

2. ... children should play outside more.

A. I can't believe

B. I learn that

C. In my opinion

D. Do you think that..

E. I totally understand

3. Tita: Today is very busy.

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Dina: I agree.
Tita: ... of our new manager?
Dina: I think she's very good at managing the office.
A. What do you think

B. Do you think

C. Do you agree

D. What should we think

E. Would you think

4. What do you think of the new shopping mall near our school?

A. I don't think so.

B. I agree.

C. I disagree.

D. I don't know.

E. I think it has many good stores.

5. Sinta: I feel that students should do more discussion at class.

Jeni: ... Discussion can help us to develop our critical thinking skill.
A. I agree.

B. I disagree.

C. I'm not sure.

D. I don't think so.

E. I totally disagree.

6. ... the new rules can make students learn better. 6:30 is too early
for students to come to school.

A. I doubt that

B. I think

C. In my opinion

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 D. I agree

E. I feel that

7. Roni: What should we do for our group project?

You: ...
A. I don't think so.

B. I think we should do a small presentation.

C. I doubt that.

D. Are you sure?

E. Why do you think so?

8. I really like Bali. ... Bali is the best island in Indonesia.

A. I don't like it

B. I doubt that

C. I think

D. I agree

E. I don't know

9. Lisa: Do you think that these flowers can be good present for
Father's Day?

Rini: ... but I think a tie would be better. Your father can wear it for work.
A. I'm not so sure
B. I think so
C. I agree
D. I will think about it
E. It's ugly
10. Bintang: I think everyone should have a pet.

Rona: Why? ... pet is very expensive.

Bintang: In my opinion, pet can make us to be more responsible.

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 A. As far as I know
B. I disagree
C. I don't think so
D. Are you sure?
E. I doubt that
The following text is for questions 11 to14.

Pakistan's houbara bird facing extinction

The indiscriminate hunting of endangered houbara bustard birds in
Pakistan by rich hunting parties from the Gulf nations have pushed the
species toward extinction. The hunting was initially banned by the
Pakistani courts, but under continuous pressure from the provincial
governments of Sind, Baluchistan, and Punjab, as well as the federal
government, recently the courts lifted the ban on the hunting of this
vulnerable species.

Some people in Pakistan have been advocating for sustainable hunting of

the species instead of a complete ban, but this is highly debatable.
Reckless hunting for decades has pushed this beautiful species toward
extinction and it is now critically endangered in Pakistan.

No reliable or credible statistics on the population dynamics of the species

are available either. Unless specially protected by the law, the species runs
the risk of becoming extinct in the wild in the next few decades.

Under these circumstances, the only logical approach to save the species
from extinction in the not-so-distant future is to immediately start
comprehensive captive breeding program for the species across the nation.

If the captive breeding program runs successfully and produces an

appreciable number of chicks, then reintroduction programs could be
initiated in their wild habitats.

Only after rebuilding population for some time in the wild and allowing
them to breed naturally to reach a sustainable population could some
restricted hunting be planned. Currently, the low numbers have made this
species vulnerable and with zero or poor monitoring, sustainable hunting
practices in Pakistan for this dwindling species will not work.

Game hunting works only when a stable population is achieved with strict
monitoring on the ratio of males to females hunted per season. If the

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females (no true statistics available) are being taken out of the population
through random hunting, the population is sure to pass through a
bottleneck in the wild habitat, with high vulnerability to eventual
extinction.

The people of Pakistan need to decide what is more important-a few

petrodollars or protecting the biodiversity of the nation.

Saikat Kumar Basu

Lethbridge, Canada

11. What is the subject of the text?

A. The extinction of Pakistan's houbara bird.
B. The hunting of Pakistan's houbara bird.
C. The conservation of Pakistan's houbara bird.
D. The rehabilitation of Pakistan's biodiversity.
E. The protection of Pakistan's biodiversity.
12. From the text, we know that the writer ...
A. Enjoys hunting the houbara bird.
B. Advocates for sustainable houbara bird hunting.
C. Approves all kinds of houbara bird hunting.
D. Tries to persuade people to conserve houbara bird
E. Breeds houbara bird in captivation
13. According to the text, why does the writer want all kinds of
houbara bird hunting be banned?
A. The population of houbara bird is getting smaller and smaller.
B. The captivation of houbara bird has been unsuccessful.
C. The houbara bird is difficult to catch.
D. The houbara bird is beautiful.
E. The hunters are reckless.
14. From the passage, we can conclude that people can resume hunting
the houbara bird only ... a sustainable population is reached.
A.After
B.When
C.Because
D.If
E. Before

The text is for questions 15 to 18.

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Government should not raise fuel price to solve the problem of economic
issues. People were affected severely with the high fuel price like last year.
Obviously they cut their spending. As an example, they had to buy lower
quality of rice or palm oil. There were also fewer buyers of secondary
commodities like flour, or canned meat or fish.

Furthermore, the condition of low income family will become even worse
because their expenses will increase while their salaries will not. Many
companies will have to trim the number of employees because they are
incapable of managing, buying or selling price, standard wages and
personal affairs.

Finally, government should not raise fuel price to overcome economic

problem but the solution should be sought by tapping into the nation’s own
potential and utilizing it to enhance productivity to its maximum.

15. The title of the text is ….

A. The price of the secondary commodities
B. The effect of increasing fuel price
C. Condition of low income family
D. The increasing of fuel price
E. The economic problem
16. “Many companies will have to trim the number of employees.”
(Paragraph 2)
The underlined word means ….
A. fire
B. cut
C. add
D. reduce
E. border
17. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. The government should enhance productivity to solve the
economic problem.
B. The government should raise fuel price to solve the problem.
C. The government should consider condition of low family
income.
D. The government should reduce the number of employees.
E. The government should decrease the standard of wages.
18. We should avoid oily food ____________ be healthy.
A. finally
B. in order to
C. consequently
D. for

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19. I will give you my car _____________ you come back before 5’o
clock.
A. as
B. although
C. because
D. provided
20. ___________my mother was sleeping, I prepared tea on my own.

A. As
B. Besides
C. Unless
D. Despite

21. He apologised _______ his bad behavior.

A. for
B. since
C. because
D. as

22. He was satisfied ________ not overjoyed.

A. yet
B. as
C. but
D. Still

23. ___________ his sister, he is very naughty.

A. Likely
B. Unlike
C. Similar
D. Differently

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24. After months of studying hard, Meeta ____________ cleared IAS
examination.

A. initially
B. consequently
C. therefore
D. finally

25. ____________ it is very cold there, we have postponed our visit.

A. Since
B. Due to
C. Yet
D. Because of

B. Fill in the blanks with because or so that !

1. Please your make a :

a. make 3 expressions understanding the situation

b. make 3 expressions of opinion

2. What are the differences of opinion with recommendations

HORTATORY EXPOSITION
It is a kind of text type that presents arguments or reasons to
support the opinion. It is aimed to persuade the readers or listeners
that something should or should not be the case. The difference of
analytical and hortatory exposition is on the term of its generic
structure in the last part thatis called as reiteration in analytical and
recommendation in hortatory exposition. The function of both is
quite different. In analytical exposition, reiteration is used to give
emphasize on the writer’s opinion by restating point of view.
While in hortatory exposition, recommendation is used to give
advice or such a suggestion to the readers to make a choice by
considering the presented arguments. In short the purpose of
hortatory exposition text is to argue a case for against a particular
position or point of view and it purposes a suggestion in the end of

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 the argumentation. Some examples of hortatory exposition are:
Editorial, letter to the editor, and letter to a politician.
Generic Structure of Hortatory Exposition
3. The generic structure of hortatory exposition is?

4. Complete the sentence below!

Sinta: I feel that students should do more discussion at class.

Jeni: ... Discussion can help us to develop our critical thinking skill.
5. Complete the sentence below!

Bintang: I think everyone should have a pet.

Rona: Why? ... pet is very expensive.
Bintang: In my opinion, pet can make us to be more responsible.

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Page 102 of 127
 Chapter 10

Let’s Sing The Song :v

Do you have a favourite song? Do

you memorize the lyric? of your favourite
song? Do you really understand the lyric ?
Every song lyric has its own story and
background. What about your favourite
song? Can you tell what the song is about? In
this Chapter, you are going to analyze some
songs. Let’s start!

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 A. LISTEN
LISTEN THE “ALONE By ALAN WALKER” TO FILL IN THE BLANKS
ALONE
By ALAN WALKER
Lost in your mind
I wanna know
Am I (1)…….. my mind
Never let me go

If this night is not forever

At least we are together
I know I’m not alone
I know I’m not alone
Anywhere whenever
(2)……. but still together
I know I’m not alone
I know I’m not alone

I know I’m not alone

I know I’m not alone

(3)………. mind
Im wide awake
Wanna feel one last time
Take my (4)………. away

If this night is not forever

At least we are together
I know I’m not alone
I know I’m not alone

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 Anywhere whenever
Apart but (5)……. together
I know I’m not alone
I know I’m not alone

I know I’m not alone

I know I’m not alone

Im not alone Im not alone

Im not alone I know I’m not alone
Im not alone Im not alone
Im not alone I know I’m not alone

Question
1. Who is the singer of the song?
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………....
2. What is the meaning of the song?
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………….
3. How do you feel after listen the song?
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………….
4. How do you think about ALAN WALKER?
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………….
5. If do you know, mention another song from ALAN WALKER?
……………………………………………………………………………………
………………….

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LISTEN THE “ALL I ASK by ADELE” TO FILL IN THE BLANKS

I will (1)… my heart at the door

I won't say a word
They've all been said before you know
So why don't we just (2)… pretend
Like we're not scared of what's coming next
Or scared of having (3)…left

Look, don't get me wrong

I know there is no tomorrow
All I ask is

If this is my last night with you

(4)…me like I'm more than just a friend
Give me a memory I can use
Take me by the (5)… while we do what lovers do
It matters how this ends
'Cause what if I never love again?

I don't need your (6)…

It's already in your eyes
And I'm sure my eyes, they speak for me
No one knows me like you do
And since you're the only one that
matters
Tell me who do I (7)… to?

Look, don't get me wrong

I know there is no tomorrow
All I ask is

If this is my last night with you

Hold me like I'm more than just a (8)…
Give me a memory I can use
Take me by the hand while we do what lovers do
It matters how this ends
'Cause what if I never love again?

Let this be our lesson in love

Let this be the way we remember us

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I don't wanna be cruel or (9)…
And I ain't (10)… for forgiveness
All I ask is

If this is my last night with you

Hold me like I'm more than just a friend
Give me a memory I can use
Take me by the hand while we do what lovers do
It matters how this ends
'Cause what if I never love again?

Vicious Honesty Hand Asking Friend

Play Hold Run Nothing leave

Write what the song tells about !

The song is about
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………

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3. Listen to a song entitled “If I Let You Go” by Weslife.
Arrange the lyric into the correct order.
A
Day after day
Time passed away
B
And I just can't get you out of my mind Night after night I hear myself say
Nobody knows, I hide it inside Why don't this feeling just fade away
I keep on searching but I just can't find There's no one like you (no one like you)
The courage to show to let you know You speak to my heart (speak to my heart)
I've never felt love like this before It's such a a shame we're worlds apart
And once again I'm thinking about I'm too shy to ask, I'm too proud to lose
Taking the easy way out But sooner or later I gotta choose
And once again I'm thinking about
Taking the easy way out

C
But if I let you go I will never know
What my life would be holding you
If I let you go I will never know
close to me
What my life would be, holding you close to me
Will I ever see you smiling back at
Will I ever see you smiling back at me? (oh
me ? (oh yeah)
yeah)
How will I know if I let you go ?
How will I know if I let you go ?

D
If I let you go ooooh baby
Ooooooooohhhhh
Once again I'm thinking about
Taking the easy way out
E

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 1
#

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4. Listen to a song entitled “Firework” by Ketty Perry.
Then, complete the blank song with the word provided in
the boxes.
Firework
By Ketty Perry

Do you ever feel (1)________________

Drifting thought the wind
Wanting to start again
Do you ever feel, (2)______________
Like a house of cards
One blow from caving in
(3)_________________already buried deep
Six feet under scream
But no one seems to hear a thing
Do you know that there's (4)____________
'Cause there's a spark in you
You just gotta ignite the light
And let it shine
Just own the night
(5)________________________
'Cause baby you're a firework
Come on show 'em (6)___________
Make 'em go "Oh, oh, oh!"
(7)________________ the sky-y-y
Baby you're a firework
Come on let your colors burst
Make 'em go "Oh, oh, oh!"
(8)________________'em fallin' down down down
You don't have to feel like a waste of space
You're original, (9)_____________________
If you only knew what the future holds
(10)_______________________

Do you ever feel still a chance for you

Like the Fourth of July what your worth

As you shoot across feel so paper thin

cannot be replaced You're gonna leave

After a hurricane comes a rainbow like a plastic bag

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5.Analyze the song lyric below!
Rolling in the Deep
By: Adele
There's a fire starting in my heart
Reaching a fever pitch and it's bringing me out the dark
Finally I can see you crystal clear
Go 'head and sell me out and I'll lay your ship bare
See how I leave with every piece of you
Don't underestimate the things that I will do

There's a fire starting in my heart

Reaching a fever pitch and its bringing me out the dark

The scars of your love remind me of us

They keep me thinking that we almost had it all
The scars of your love they leave me breathless, I can't help feeling
We could have had it all (you're gonna wish you never had met me)

Rolling in the deep (Tears are gonna fall, rolling in the deep)
You had my heart inside of your hand (you're gonna wish you never had met me)
And you played it to the beat (tears are gonna fall, rolling in the deep)
Baby I have no story to be told
But I've heard one on you and I'm gonna make your head burn
Think of me in the depths of your despair
Making a home down there 'cause mine sure won't be shared
The scars of your love remind me of us (you're gonna wish you never had met me)
They keep me thinking that we almost had it all (tears are gonna fall, rolling in the
deep)
The scars of your love they leave me breathless, I can't help feeling
We could have had it all (you're gonna wish you never had met me)
Rolling in the deep (tears are gonna fall, rolling in the deep)
You had my heart inside of your hand (you're gonna wish you never had met me)
And you played it to the beat (tears are gonna fall, rolling in the deep)

We could've had it all

Rolling in the deep
You had my heart inside your hand
But you played it with a beating
Throw your soul through every open door

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Count your blessings to find what you look for
Turned my sorrow into treasured gold
You pay me back in kind and reap just what you sow
We could've had it all
We could've had it all (tears are gonna fall, rolling in the deep)
It all, it all, it all, (you're gonna wish you never had met me)
We could have had it all (you're gonna wish you never had met me)

Rolling in the deep (tears are gonna fall, rolling in the deep)
You had my heart inside of your hand (you're gonna wish you never had met me)
And you played it to the beat (tears are gonna fall, rolling in the deep)
We could've had it all (You're gonna wish you never had met me)

Rolling in the deep (Tears are gonna fall, rolling in the deep)
You had my heart inside your hand (You're gonna wish you never had met me)
But you played it, you played it, you played it, you played it
To the beat

But you played it

You played it
You played it
You played it to the beat

Title of the song :

………………………………………………………………………………………
………………
The Singer of the song:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………
The message of the song:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………
The moral vaule of the song:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………
The subject of the song:
………………………………………the
characterization…………………………………………

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………………………………………the
characterization…………………………………………
Tenses used in the song:
………………………………………………………………………………………
………………
Figurative Leaguage:
1)
………………………………………………………………………………………
……………Proof:
………………………………………………………………………………………
……....
COMPETENCE TEST
A.Cross a, b, c, d, or e for the correct answer
Text for number 1-5
Diamonds
By Rihanna
Shine bright like a diamond
Shine bright like a diamond
Find light in the beautiful sea, I choose to be happy
You and I, you and I, we’re like diamonds in the sky

You’re a shooting star I see, a vision of ecstasy

When you hold me, I’m alive
We’re like diamonds in the sky

I knew that we’d become one right away

Oh, right away
At first sight I felt the energy of sun rays
I saw the life inside your eyes

So shine bright tonight,

You and I
We’re beautiful like diamonds in the sky
Eye to eye,
So alive
We’re beautiful like diamonds in the sky

Shine bright like a diamond

Shine bright like a diamond

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Shining bright like a diamond
We’re beautiful like diamonds in the sky

Shine bright like a diamond

Shine bright like a diamond
Shining bright like a diamond
We’re beautiful like diamonds in the sky

Palms rise to the universe, as we moonshine and molly

Feel the warmth, we’ll never die
We’re like diamonds in the sky

You’re a shooting star I see, a vision of ecstasy

When you hold me, I’m alive
We’re like diamonds in the sky
At first sight I felt the energy of sun rays
I saw the life inside your eyes
So shine bright
Tonight,
You and I
We're beautiful like diamonds in the sky

Eye to eye,
So alive
We're beautiful like diamonds in the sky

Shine bright like a diamond

Shine bright like a diamond
Shining bright like a diamond
We’re beautiful like diamonds in the sky

Shine bright like a diamond

Shine bright like a diamond
Shining bright like a diamond
We're beautiful like diamonds in the sky

Shine bright like a diamond

Shine bright like a diamond
Shine bright like a diamond
So shine bright
Tonight,
You and I
We're beautiful like diamonds in the sky
Eye to eye,
So alive
We're beautiful like diamonds in the sky

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Shine bright like a diamond
Shine bright like a diamond
Shine bright like a diamond
Shine bright like a diamond
Shine bright like a diamond
Shine bright like a diamond
Shine bright like a diamond

1. What is the title of the song above?

a. Brighter than the Moon d. Diamonds
b. Firework e. My Way
c. Everyday
2. Who is the singer of the song above?
a. Katy Perry d. Adele
b. Rihanna e. Mariah Careys
c. Westlife
3. What is the genre of the song?
a. Rock d. Blues
b. R & B e. Death
c. Pop
4. Why is the title of the song is “diamonds”
a. Because the singer like the diamond
b. Because the composer’s inspiration is diamonds
c. Because a lot of lyrics is diamonds
d. The characterization of the subject in the lyrics
e. Because the name is good
5. How does the singer feel
a. Happy d. Disappointed
b. Lonely e. Envious
c. Sad
Text for number 6-10

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Something Just Like This
By Chainsmokers & Coldplay
I've been reading books of old
The legends and the myths
Achilles and his gold
Hercules and his gifts
Spiderman's control
And Batman with his fists
And clearly I don't see myself upon that list

But she said, where'd you wanna go?

How much you wanna risk?
I'm not looking for somebody
With some superhuman gifts
Some superhero
Some fairytale bliss
Just something I can turn to
Somebody I can kiss
I want something just like this

Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Oh, I want something just like this

Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Oh, I want something just like this
I want something just like this

I've been reading books of old

The legends and the myths
The testaments they told
The moon and its eclipse
And Superman unrolls
A suit before he lifts
But I'm not the kind of person that it fits

She said, where'd you wanna go?

How much you wanna risk?
I'm not looking for somebody
With some superhuman gifts
Some superhero
Some fairytale bliss

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Just something I can turn to
Somebody I can miss

I want something just like this

I want something just like this
I want something just like this

Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Oh, I want something just like this

Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo
Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Doo-doo-doo, doo-doo-doo
Where'd you wanna go?
How much you wanna risk?
I'm not looking for somebody
With some superhuman gifts
Some superhero
Some fairytale bliss
Just something I can turn to
Somebody I can kiss
I want something just like this

Oh, I want something just like this

Oh, I want something just like this
Oh, I want something just like this

6. Who is the superhero mentioned in the fifth verse?

a. Spiderman d. Hercules

b. Batman e. Hulk

c. Superman

7. What is the title of the song above?

a. Alone d. Diamonds

b. All I Ask e. Set Fire to the Rain

c. Something Just Like This

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 8. Who is the singer of the song?

a. Coldplay d. Alan Walker

b. The Chainsmokers e. Adele

c. The Chainsmokers & Coldplay

9. What is the message delivered in the song

a. Many superhero in the song

b. Everybody can sing the song

c. The singer’s love with a girl

d. Reading book of old is good

e. The singer want something just like that

10. What makes wonder in the song?

a. How he flies

b. How he become a superhero

c. How he lives his life

d. How he touched the sky

e. How he smiled when he cried

Text for number 11-15

I Can Wait Forever

By Air Supply

When you say I miss the things you do,

I just want to get back close again to you.
But for now your voice is near enough.

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How I miss you, and I miss you love.
And though all the days that pass me by so slow,
all the emptiness inside me flows all around,
and there's no way out.
I'm just thinkin' so much of you.
There was never any doubt.

I can wait forever if you say you'll be there too.

I can wait forever if you will.
I know it's worth it all to spend my life alone with you.

When it looked as though my life was wrong,

You took my love and gave it somewhere to belong.
I'll be here when hope is out of sight.
I just wish that I was next to you tonight.
And oh, I'll be reaching for you even though
You'll be somewhere else, my love.
We'll go like a bird on its way back home.
I could never let you go.
And I just want you to know

I can wait forever if you say you'll be there too.

I can wait forever if you will.
I know it's worth it all to spend my life alone with you.

Where are you now,

along with the thoughts we share?
Keep them strong somehow.
And you know I'll always be there.
I can wait forever if you say you'll be there too.
I can wait forever if you will.
I know it's worth it all to spend my life alone with you.

11. What is the theme of the song?

a. War d. Victory

b. World peace e. Death

c. Longing

12. How does the narrator feel?

a. Happy d. Desperate

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 b. Lonely e. Envious

c. Disappointed

13. What is the song about?

a. A man who is alone and misses his girl, but he still wait for her
.
b. A man who feels so disappointed and down because the girl leave him

c. A man who doesn’t care about his love anymore

d. A man who surrenders to love and wait for the girl

e. A man who wants to end his relationship with the girl

14. Which one is true according to the song lyric?

a. The man will let the girl go to be with other man

b. The man is with the girl

c. The man doesn’t miss the girl

d. The man doesn’t want to know about the girl anymore

e. The man wishes to be with the girl

15. What is the synonym of the word “worth”?

a. Silent d. Invisible

b. Available e. Remain

c. Value

Tect for number 16-20

Everyday

By Bon Jovi

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I used to be the kind of guy
Who'd never let you look inside
I'd smile when I was cryin'
I had nothing but a life to loose
Thought I had a lot to prove
In my life, there's no denyin'

Goodbye to all my yesterdays

Goodbye, so long, I'm on my way

I've had enough of cryin'

Bleedin', sweatin', dyin'
Hear me when I say
Gonna live my life everyday
I'm gonna touch the sky
And I spread these wings and fly
I ain't here to play
I'm gonna live my life everyday
Change, everybody's feeling strange
Never gonna be the same
Makes you wonder how the world keeps turning
Life, learning how to live my life
Learning how to pick my fights
Take my shots while I'm still burnin'

Goodbye to all those rainy nights

Goodbye, so long, I'm movin' on

I've had enough of cryin'

Bleedin', sweatin', dyin'
Hear me when I say
Gonna live my life everyday
I'm gonna touch the sky
And I spread these wings and fly
I ain't here to play
I'm gonna live my life everyday

Hit the gas, take the wheel

I just made myself a deal
There ain't nothin' gonna get in my way
Everyday
Goodbye, so long, I'm moving on

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I've had enough of cryin'
Bleedin', sweatin', dyin'
Hear me when I say
Gonna live my life everyday

I'm gonna touch the sky

And I spread these wings and fly
I ain't here to play
I'm gonna live my life everyday

I, oh I, oh I, I'm gonna live my life everyday

I (gonna touch the sky), oh I (spread these wings and fly), oh I
I'm gonna live my life everyday

16. What does the song tell about?

a. The character in the song is going to touch the sky

b. The character goes on living his life and forget his life

c. The character hate his yesterday

d. The character has wings to fly above the sky

e. The character has bled, sweated, and died

17. What kind of guy was the character?

a. He liked living freely

b. He never let other people look inside

c. He was crying all the time

d. He did not like smile

e. He wanted to touched the sky

18. What does he say?

a. He says that he’s gonna live his life everyday

b. He says that he extended those wings to fly

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 c. He says that he’s gonna touch the sky

d. He says that he always smiled

e. He says that he did not like crying

19. The following are what he had enough done in his past time, except…

a. Crying d. Sweeting

b. Dying e. Bleeding

c. Flying

20. What makes wonder in the song?

a. How the world keep turning

b. How he touch the sky

c. How he live his life

d. How he smiled when he cried

e. How he flies

B. Answer the question according to the song lyric!

My Way
By Frank Sinatra
And now, the end is near
And so I face the final curtain
My friend, I'll say it clear
I'll state my case, of which I'm certain

I've lived a life that's full

I've traveled each and every highway
And more, much more than this
I did it my way

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Regrets, I've had a few
But then again, too few to mention
I did what I had to do
And saw it through without exemption

I planned each charted course

Each careful step along the byway
And more, much more than this
I did it my way

Yes, there were times, I'm sure you knew

When I bit off more than I could chew
But through it all, when there was doubt
I ate it up and spit it out
I faced it all and I stood tall
And did it my way

I've loved, I've laughed and cried

I've had my fill, my share of losing
And now, as tears subside
I find it all, all so amusing

To think I did all that

And may I say, not in a shy way
Oh no, no, not me
I did it my way

For what is man, what has he got?

If not himself, then he has naught
To say the things he truly feels
And not the words of one who kneels
The record shows I took the blows
And did it my way

And did it my way

1. What is the song tell about?

………………………………………………………………………………
………............

2. What is the title of the song?

........................................................................................................................
........................

3. Who is the singer o the song?

Page 124 of 127

 ………………………………………………………………………………
………………

4. How does the singer feel?

………………………………………………………………………………
………………

5. What is the theme of the song?

………………………………………………………………………………
………………

6. What has he lives?

………………………………………………………………………………
………………

7. What is the Indonesian of line “I did it my way”?

………………………………………………………………………………
………………

8. What do you know about Frank Sinatra?

………………………………………………………………………………
………………

9. Why is the title “My Way”?

………………………………………………………………………………
………………

10. What is the message delivered in the song?

………………………………………………………………………………
………………

Page 125 of 127

 VOCABULARY

No Kata benda In English No Kata benda In English

1 Bandara Airport 26 Sabun Soap

2 Buku Book 27 Kabel Cable

3 Pria Man 28 Bus Bus

4 Wanita Woman 29 Sepeda Bicycle

5 Kebahagiaan happiness 30 Mobil Car

6 Udara Air 31 Topi Hat

7 Gas Gas 32 Pesta Party

8 Meja Table 33 Dompet Wallet

9 Kursi Chair 34 Pintu Door

10 Lemari Cupboard 35 Jendela Window

11 Cuaca Weather 36 Tembok Wall

12 Hari Day 37 Kamar Room

13 Bulan Month 38 Kapal layar Sailing boat

14 Tahun year 39 Matahari Sun

15 Komputer Computer 40 Bola Ball

16 Televisi Television 41 Uang Money

17 Tas Bag 42 Gula Sugar

18 Kayu wood 43 Anak-anak Children

19 Hutan Forest 44 Ayah Father

20 Tumbuhan Vegetation 45 Ibu Mother

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21 Hewan Animal 46 Kakek Grandfather

22 Listrik Electricity 47 Nenek Grandmother

23 Langit Sky 48 Istri Wife

24 Petir Thunderbolt 49 Suami husband

25 sapu Broom 50 Buah Fruit

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