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Physical Protection System

Physical Protection System (PPS) has three main functions: detection, delay, and response. Detection involves sensing intrusions, controlling entry, and detecting contraband. Delay uses passive barriers like fences and active barriers like locks to increase an adversary's task time. Response communicates with response forces to deploy and interrupt any adversaries. An effective PPS overlays the adversary and PPS timelines to ensure the response occurs before the adversary can complete their task. PPS design involves assessing threats, regulatory requirements, and performance measures for each function.

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Arna Dhar
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100 views14 pages

Physical Protection System

Physical Protection System (PPS) has three main functions: detection, delay, and response. Detection involves sensing intrusions, controlling entry, and detecting contraband. Delay uses passive barriers like fences and active barriers like locks to increase an adversary's task time. Response communicates with response forces to deploy and interrupt any adversaries. An effective PPS overlays the adversary and PPS timelines to ensure the response occurs before the adversary can complete their task. PPS design involves assessing threats, regulatory requirements, and performance measures for each function.

Uploaded by

Arna Dhar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Physical Protection System(PPS)

Dr. Md. Shafiqul Islam


Associate Professor & Ex-Chairman
Dept. of Nuclear Engineering
University of Dhaka, Dhaka
Email: msislam@du.ac.bd
Design of a PPS
Three Functions of a PPS

PPS Functions

1. Detection 2. Delay 3. Response


• Intrusion Sensing • Passive Barriers • Guards
• Entry Control
• Active Barriers • Response Force
• Contraband Detection
• Alarm Assessment Fences Obstacles
Walls Distances
• Alarm Communication Locks Procedures
Gates Patrols
And Display

Technology or Guards
Design and evaluation process of an PPS

Phase-1 Phase-2 Phase-3

Threat assessments or
DBT

Regulatory
requirements
Detection
Alarm Alarm
Sensor Alarm
Signal
Activated Reported Assessed
Initiated

Technologies Guards

Performance measures;
• Probability of sensor alarm
• Communication and assessment time
• Probability of correct assessment
• Nuisance alarm rate
• Probability of detection
Delay

Delay

Provide obstacles to increase


insider task time

Passive barriers Active barriers

Turnstiles Performance measures;


revolving • Time to penetrate or bypass barriers
gate
• Time to travel across areas
Response
Communicate Deploy Interrupt
to Response Response and Neutralize
Force Force Adversary

Performance measures
• Probability of communication to response force
• Communication time
• Probability of deployment to adversary location
• Deployment time
• Response force effectiveness i.e. target containment
Two Competing Timelines

Adversary Timeline
• Cross areas
• Penetrate or bypass barriers
• Remove or sabotage target

PPS Timeline
• Detection, Delay, and Response process
Overlay of two timelines illustrates requirement for PPS
effectiveness
Adversary and PPS Timelines
Adversary
Adversary Sensing Opportunities
Completes
Begins Task Tas
k
Adversary Task Time

Adversary Task Time Remaining After First Sensing


PPS Response Time

Adversary Detected
Time

Interrupte
Adversary
Remaining
First Detection Response After
Interruption
Sensing Time Force Time

d
OFF Site
Facility Control

Limited Access Area

Protected Area

Inner area Vital area

Schematic drawing of a typical PPS of an NPP


Security Measures
1. Prevention –first line of defence
Physical protection of nuclear and other radioactive materials in use, storage and
transport and of facilities
Effective in the long-term, sustainable

2. Detection –second line of defence

Radiation monitoring at borders and other places


Equipment and training for law enforcement officers

3. Response
Response to seizures, Response to threats
Nuclear forensics, Chain of custody/Return of seized material
Crosscutting Emergency response field

4. Investigation
•Crime scene management
•Evidence recovery, analyses, processing and storage
•Arrests, prosecution and courts procedures

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