Mountain Terrain and Lifestyle happen.
Steep slopes, extreme cold weather and
icy winds are found here continuously. But, the
The main occupation of people living in the natural beauty of the mountainous region is very
mountains is farming. Terrace or step farming is good. Different types of vegetation are found
done on slopes of hills to grow rice, maize, and here. Many small springs and fountains are also
tea depending on the height of the region they found here.
are living in. Orchards of fruits like apples,
peaches, pears, plums, etc., are common. People C. MAJOR MOUNTAIN PEAKS
also rear animals like sheep and cows for wool Peak Country Height in meters
and milk. Fruits, wool and handicrafts are sent all
over the country from these regions. Mt. Everest Nepal 8848
On the Dal Lake in Kashmir, many people make Kanchenjunga India 8586
their living by using boats called Shikaras to give
rides to tourists. Here handicrafts are also a Makalu Nepal 8481
source of income. Shawls, walnut furniture,
Dhaulagiri Nepal 8167
papier-mache articles are some famous
handicrafts of Kashmir. Nanga Parbat India 8126
In the eastern states, most of the people belong
Annapurna Nepal 8078
to different tribes like Garos, Khasis, etc. They
hunt, cultivate land and catch fish for a living. Nanda Devi India 7817
Cane and bamboo handicrafts are famous in
some eastern states like Assam, Nagaland, etc. Kamet India 7756
Houses in the mountains usually have sloping
roofs to prevent the rainwater and snow from Namcha Barwa India 7756
collecting. Some houses are made of wood and
some of common building materials like cement Gurla Mandhata Nepal 7694
bricks, stones etc.
B.Mountaineering
D.Some important facts about peaks
Mountaineering means climbing up a mountain. * Highest Mt. Peak in India: K2 or Godwin Austin
It is more difficult than walking on a road, due to *Highest peak in Aravalli: Gurushikhar (in Mt.
uneven relief. Sometimes, landslides or take Abu)
place and lundulation relief creates difficulty in *Highest peak in Satpura - Dhupgarh (Mahadeo
climbing a mountain. We should climb a Hills)
mountain very slowly, otherwise breathing *Highest peak in E. Ghats - Mahendragiri (Odisha)
trouble can happen Due to undulating relief, *Highest peak in W. Ghats - Anaimudi (Annamalai
utmost caution is required. Our body Hills - Kerala)
temperature increases while climbing the *Highest peak in Nilgiris - Doda Betta
mountain. Hence, we should drink water at *Hills in Southern Hill complex - Nilgiri,
regular intervals. Monkeys are found in plenty in Annamalai, Cardamom & Palani
these regions. So, we should climb with our *Hills in Eastern Ghats: Shevaroy, Javadi,
elders. Palkonda, Nallamalai, Northern Circars.
* Oblique ranges to Western Ghats in Maharashtra:
While climbing difficulty in breathing occurs due
Ajanta, Satmala, Harishchandra, Balaghat
to low pressure at high altitude. So, we should
*Satpura range from East to West:
climb with our elders. We should , climb a *Amarkantak - Maikal- Mahadeo - Gawilgarh –
mountain very slowly, otherwise breathing Rajpipala
trouble can
*Highest peak in Andaman and Nicobar islands (A) Aravali (B) Western Ghats
Saddle Peak (C) Himadri (D) Eastern Ghats
*The highest peak of Naga hills-Saramati peak. 3.He discovered that Mt Everest is the highest
E. Important Mountaineers mountain peak in the world.
(A) Edmund Hillary (B) Tenzing Sherpa
1. Premlata Agarwal
Mountaineer Premlata Agarwal was born in Jugatlai, (C) Bachendri Pal (D) Sir George Everest
Jamshedpur (Jharkhand). She started mountaineering
at the age of 35 years, with the guide and 4.The first Indian woman who climbed Mt McKinley of
encouragement from Bachendri Pal. She became a Alaska:
member of an international team Important of the (A) Premlata Agarwal (B) Santosh Yadav
Everest expedition, started under the supervision of
the Asian Trekking Company of Nepal. She achieved (C) Bachendri Pal (D) None of these
the honour of reaching the Mt Everest peak at the age 5.Santosh Yadav is a renowned moun- tain climber
of 48 years (20th May, 2011). At the age of 50, she got because :
a new achievement by getting victory over the Mt
McKinley in Alaska of North America. She was the first (A) She was the first and youngest woman in the
Indian woman to climb this mountain. world who climbed the Mt Everest.
(B) She was the first Indian woman who climbed
2. Bachendri Pal Mt McKinley
Bachendri Pal was born in Nakori village in
(C) She was the first woman who climbed the Mt
Uttarakhand her childhood. At the age of 12 years, in
Everest.
a picnic, Bachende climbed a mountain (13125 feet)
just while playing. After getting the training from the (D) She was the first lady to reach Mt Everest.
Nehru Institute Mountaineering, she participated in 6.Bachendri Pal was born in :
the mountaineering expedition of Gangotri mountain
(21900 feet) and Rudugers mountain (19091 feet). (A) Haryana (B) Uttarakhand
Because of her courage and enthusiasm, she was
(C) Jharkhand (D) None of these
selected for the Everest Expedition team of 84
members. While climbing Everest (1984), there was a 7.Premlata Agarwal is remembered with honour,
heavy landslide. Bachendri was badly hurt on the back because she was (Board Paper):
of her head. All the team members were also injured
and they returned. But she did not give up. Due to her (A) A mountaineer (B) An astronaut
courage and strong determination, she became the
first woman to climb the Mt Everest on 23rd May,
(C) A rail driver (D) A doctor
1984. 8. Boats used in Dal lake , Kashmir are called
3. Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Sherpa
Two courageous persons Edmund Hillary (New (A) Kayaks (B) Shikaras
Zealand) and Tenzing Sherpa (Nepal) were the first
(C) Canoes (D) Cruise
persons to reach the world's highest peak, the Mt
Everest. 9.Which of the following states do NOT lie in
4. Santosh Yadav Himalayas :
At the age of 20 years, Santosh Yadav became the firs
youngest woman of the world to climb the Mt Everest (A) Jammu & Kashmir
successfully.. (B) Himachal Pradesh
F. Model questions and practice
(C) Rajasthan
1. To climb the mountains, we have to(2021
(D) Uttarakhand
(a) Bend forward (b) Bend backwards
(c) Walk straight (d) Walk sideways Answer Key
2. Sahyadris is also known as ?(2020) 1. A 2.- 3.D 4. A 5. A 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.C
