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Retinal Detachment

Retinal detachment occurs when the inner retina separates from the outer pigmented layer of the eye. It commonly happens when fluid from the vitreous cavity accumulates under the retina through holes or tears. This causes vision loss in the affected retinal area. The most common type is rhegematogenous detachment, which occurs when fluid passes through a tear in the sensory retina. Traction retinal detachment is caused by scar tissue pulling on the retina from conditions like diabetic retinopathy. Exudative retinal detachment results from fluid produced under the retina by the choroid in situations such as uveitis or macular degeneration.

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97 views3 pages

Retinal Detachment

Retinal detachment occurs when the inner retina separates from the outer pigmented layer of the eye. It commonly happens when fluid from the vitreous cavity accumulates under the retina through holes or tears. This causes vision loss in the affected retinal area. The most common type is rhegematogenous detachment, which occurs when fluid passes through a tear in the sensory retina. Traction retinal detachment is caused by scar tissue pulling on the retina from conditions like diabetic retinopathy. Exudative retinal detachment results from fluid produced under the retina by the choroid in situations such as uveitis or macular degeneration.

Uploaded by

Rownald Lakandula Panuncial
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Retinal Detachment

 Separation of the inner nervous layer of the retina from the outer pigmented layer
(retinal pigment epithelium) to which is attached.

 It commonly occurs when one or more holes in the retina allow fluids from the vitreous
cavity of the eyeball to accumulate under the retina.

 Vision is lost in the affected part of the retina.

 Commonly occurs at the age of 40 yrs. Old.

 Causes : Trauma; Inflammation; Tumor.

Types of Retinal Detachment:


Rhegematous detachment

Is the most common form of retinal Detachment. In this condition a hole or tear develops in the
sensory retina, allowing some liquid vitreous to seep through the sensory retina and detach it
from the RPE.

Trauma may also play a role of in rhegematogenous Retinal detachment. 5 to 1o % of all retinal
detachments are associated with proliferative retinopathy associated with diabetic
neovascularization.

 Traction retinal detachment


 Tension, or pulling force.

Patients with this condition have developed fibrous scar tissues from the condition such
us diabetic retinopathy.

 The hemorrhages and fibrous proliferation associated with this condition exert a pulling
force on the delicate retina.

 Exudative retinal detachment


is the result of the production of a serous fluid under the retina from the choroid .
Conditions such as uveistis and macular degeneration may cause the production of the serous
fluid.
Clinical manisfestation
 May patient may report the sensation of the shade or curtain coming across the vision
of the eye, cobwebs, bright flashing light, or the sudden onset of a great number of
floaters.

 Patient do not complain of pain.

Assessment/Diagnostic Test
 After visual acuity is determined, patient must have a dilated pupil fundus examination
using a correct ophthalmoscope or slit lamp examination . The dilated pupil shows
retina as gray or opaque in detached area. The retina is normally transparent.

Surgical treatment

 Photocoagulation(spot weld)

 It used to destroy disease retinal tissue.

Examples: complication of diabetic retinopathy and macular .

 Usually done with an argon laser or diode laser. With use of infrared light source

SCLERA BUCKLING
In which the sclera is shortened to the source of the pigment epithelium closer to the
retina.

Nursing intervention!
1. Position the client to keep the detached area of the retina in post operative position.
2. Patch both eyes; wash the face with antibacterial solution to avoid contamination to the post

operative site. Retinal Detachment.docx

3. Caution the patient to avoid bumping the head.

4. Closely monitored intra occular pressure.

5. Administered medication for pain as needed.

Terms to be remember!

 Exudative ; Slow escape of fluid; part of the body defense mechanism.

 Choroid; the layer of the eyeball between the retina and the cars; prevents blurring of
vision.

 Neovasclulariztion; the abnormal blood formation in response to ischemia

 uveitis; inflammation of any part of uveal tract of the eye. (e.g (iritis) inflammation of
the iris, (cylitis) inflammation of the ciliary body. Choroid (chorioditis).

 Macular degeneration: a group of conditions affecting the macula lutea of the eye,
resulting in a reduction or central vision.

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