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Power Factor Correction and Quasi-Resonant DC/DC Converter IC

BM1C001
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
71 views36 pages

Power Factor Correction and Quasi-Resonant DC/DC Converter IC

BM1C001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Datasheet

AC/DC Drivers

Power Factor Correction and


Quasi-Resonant DC/DC converter IC
BM1C001F
General Description  PFC Output level setting function
The compounded LSI of the Power Factor Correction (PFC)  PFC ON/OFF level setting
converter and Quasi-Resonant (QR) controller type AC/DC  QR low power when load is light (Burst operation) and
converter IC provides an optimum system for all products that frequency decrease function
include an electrical outlet. BM1C001F has a built in HV  QR maximum frequency control (120kHz)
starter circuit that tolerates 650V and contributes to low power  QR_CS pin open protection and OCP function
consumption and high speed start.  QR Over-Current Protection with AC compensation
The PFC part is a Boundary Conduction Mode (BCM). It  QR Soft Start function
reduces the switching loss and the switching noise. This IC  QR secondary side protection circuit of over-current
has adopted the voltage control mode, a solution that  QR_ZT pin 2 step timeout function and OVP function
achieves no auxiliary winding and reduces external parts and
the bias current. Applications
The DC/DC part is Quasi-Resonant controlled. This control AC adapters and Household appliances (Printer, TV,
enables soft switching and helps to keep the EMI low. With Vacuum cleaners, Air cleaners, Air conditioners, IH cooking
MOSFET for switching and current detection resistors as heaters, Rice cookers, etc.).
external devices, a higher degree of design freedom is
achieved. Key Specifications
This IC has over voltage protection for the PFC’s output Operating Power Supply: VCC 8.9V to 26.0V
terminal, which protects electrolytic capacitors by stopping Voltage Range: VH_IN 80V to 600V
switching and makes the standby power consumption low by Operating Current: Normal 1.2mA (Typ)
the PFC ON/OFF control function. The IC includes various Burst 0.6mA (Typ)
protective functions such as VCC over voltage protection, Max frequency: PFC 400kHz (Max)
external latch protection, brown out protection, soft start QR 120kHz (Typ)
function, per-cycle current limiter and over load protection. The range of temperature: -40°C to +85°C

Features Package W(Typ) x D(Typ) x H(Max)


 PFC+QR Combo IC
SOP18 11.20mm × 7.80mm × 2.01mm pitch 1.27mm
 Built-in 650V tolerance start circuit
 VCC pin: under and over voltage protection
 Brown out function
 External latch terminal function
 PFC boundary current mode (voltage control)
 PFC Zero Cross Detection
 PFC variable max frequency (up to 400kHz)
SOP18
 PFC Dynamic & Static OVP function

Typical Application Circuit


FUSE 15.0V 5.0A
AC
Filter Diode
85-265 Bridge P_VS
Vac VCC
QR_ZT
SBD
P_IS
QR_OUT Csw
QR_OUT P_IS QR_CS P_VS
QR_CS
18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 ERROR
RS AMP
VH_IN (N.C.) P_TIMER QR_OUT P_OUT P_IS QR_CS P_VS P_OVP
QR_FB

BM1C001F PC

VCC GND QR_FB QR_ZT COMP P_EO BR P_RT P_OFFSET


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
BR CPU
PC
VCC QR_FB QR_ZT BR

Figure 1. Application circuit

○Product structure:Silicon monolithic integrated circuit ○This product has no designed protection against radioactive rays
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Pin Configuration

Figure 2. Pin Layout (Top View)

Pin Description

Table 1. I/O Pin Functions

ESD Diode
Pin Name I/O Pin No. Function
VCC GND
VCC I/O 1 [General] Power supply pin - ○
GND I/O 2 [General] GND pin ○ -
QR_FB I 3 [ QR ] Feedback detection pin - ○
QR_ZT I 4 [ QR ] Zero cross detection pin - ○
COMP I 5 [General] External latch input pin - ○
P_EO O 6 [PFC] Error amplifier output pin - ○
BR I 7 [General] Input AC voltage monitor pin - ○
P_RT I 8 [PFC] Max frequency setting pin - ○
P_OFFSET I 9 [PFC] ON/OFF setting voltage - ○
P_OVP I 10 [PFC] Over voltage detection pin - ○
P_VS I 11 [PFC] Feedback signal input pin - ○
QR_CS I 12 [ QR ] Over-current detection pin - ○
P_IS I 13 [PFC] Zero cross detection pin - ○
P_OUT O 14 [PFC] External MOS drive pin ○ ○
QR_OUT O 15 [ QR ] External MOS drive pin ○ ○
P_TIMER I 16 [PFC] OFF time setting pin - ○
N.C. - 17 - - -
VH_IN I 18 [General] Starter circuit pin - ○

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Block Diagram

Figure 3. Block Diagram

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Description of Blocks

(1) Starter Block (VH_IN Pin)


The built-in starter circuit tolerates 650V and enables low standby mode current consumption and high speed starting.
After starting, current consumption is idle ISTART3 (typ=10uA).
This function is shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5. To supply electric power from AC supply to VHIN, rectification is inputed
from both ends of AC waveform to VHIN for stable works (Refer to Figure6).

ISTART2

ISTART1
ISTART3
0 Vsc 10V VUVLO1

VCC Voltage [V]


Figure 4. Starter Circuit Block Diagram Figure 5. Start-up Current vs VCC Voltage

In addition, VH_IN pin has a Cap discharge function. (Refer to Figure 6). If the input voltage of the BR pin goes below 1.0V,
discharge starts after waiting 256ms. (However during Light load mode, the OLP state of the secondary side output, if there is
no power supply from the auxiliary winding, when the IC is in recharge operation, discharge begins after removing the AC
outlet without waiting for the timer (256ms), with the current consumption of the internal circuitry of the IC. (Path: Figure 6 (a)))

Figure 6. Starter Circuit Block Diagram

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(2) Start-Up Sequence


(Soft Start Operation, Light Load Operation, Over Load Operation, Auto Recovery Operation)

The start up sequence is showed at Figure 7; the DC/DC part operates first, followed by the PFC part.

A: Input voltage VH_IN is applied.


B: Charge current flows from start circuit to the VCC pin capacitor. Then VCC pin voltage rises.
C: Monitor the AC voltage by BR pin. And confirm normal state by releasing brown out (BR pin>1.0V).
D: When VUVLO1 (typ.13.5V) < VCC pin, UVLO is released and this IC operates.
E: After rising, the internal regulator, DC/DC part, starts operation, and then VOUT voltage rises. When the DC/DC starts, the
DC/DC output voltage is set to be the specified voltage to until tFOLP (typ.256ms).

[QR Start-Up Operation]


F: This IC adjusts the over-current limiter of DC/DC part during the operation of soft start 1 against over voltage and current
rising. This term continues for tss1 (typ.0.5ms). This IC operates the state until maximum power of QR is 12%.
G: This IC adjusts the over-current limiter of DC/DC part during the operation of soft start 2 against over voltage and current
rising. This term continues for tss2 (typ.1.0ms). This IC operates the state until maximum power of QR is 25%.
H: This IC adjusts the over-current limiter of DC/DC part during the operation of soft start 3 against over voltage and current
rising. This term continues for tss2 (typ.2.0ms). This IC operates the state until maximum power of QR is 50%.
I: This IC adjusts the over-current limiter of DC/DC part during the operation of soft start 4 against over voltage and current
rising. This term continues for tss2 (typ.4.0ms). This IC operates the state until maximum power of QR is 75%.
J: If secondary voltage is value is set, the QR_FB voltage value corresponding to load current from photo coupler is constant. At
normal state, QR_FB voltage is QR_FB<VFBOLP1B (typ.2.60V).

[PFC Start-Up Operation]


K: At the point in J or after the QR Soft-start ends (4ms≤), This IC recognizes that the DC/DC part operation is normal, the PFC
part starts operation.
L: If P_VS pin voltage is greater than VP_SHORT (typ.0.3V), the IC judges that short detection is normal.
M: To prevent an excessive current rise and excessive voltage rise in the PFC part, P_VS voltage rises from 0V. At this time,
PFC’s DUTY increase from 0% with P_EO voltage increasing. When P_VS>2.25V, the output voltage rise is slow, Then,
P_VS is stable with voltage of 1.625V (ACIN L) or (ACIN H) 2.5V by the input state of the BR pin.

VH_IN

VUVLO1(typ=13.5V)
VCC

[VCCUVLO] OK

BR

[BrounOut]
OK

[QR_OK]
250usec OK
0.5ms
0.5ms 1.0ms 2.0ms
DCDC
12% 25% 50% 75% Normal Operation
Output Setting Voltage
VO(QR)

QR_FB VFOLP(typ=2.6V)

PFC_OK OK
Output Setting Voltage
VO(PFC)
VSAMP (typ=2.50V)
P_VS=2.25V
P_VS
VP_SHORT typ=0.30V

AB C D E F G H I J K L M
Figure 7. Start-up Sequence Timing Chart

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(3) VCC Pin Protection Function


BM1C001F includes built-in VCC low voltage protection function, VCC UVLO (Under Voltage Lock Out), VCC over voltage
protection function, VCC OVP (Over Voltage Protection), and VCC CHARGE function that operates in case the VCC
voltage drops. VCC UVLO and VCC OVP monitor the VCC pin and prevent the VCC pin from destroying the switching
MOSFET with abnormal voltage. VCC charge function stabilizes the secondary output voltage by charging it from the high
voltage line using the starter circuit when the VCC voltage drops.

(3-1) VCC UVLO/VCC OVP Function


VCC UVLO is an auto recovery comparator that has voltage hysteresis. VCC OVP is also an auto recovery comparator
that has voltage hysteresis. VCC OVP operates detection in case of continuing VCC pin voltage > VOVP (typ.27.5V).
This function has built-in mask time of tLATCH(typ.150us). By this function, this IC masks pin generated surge etc.

(3-2) VCC Charge Function


VCC charge function operates once the VCC pin >VUVLO1 and the DC/DC operation starts and then when the VCC pin
voltage drops to <VCHG1. At that time the VCC pin is charged from VH_IN pin through starter circuit. Therefore, this IC start
up stability. At charging time, stop PFC output to stable charge. When the VCC pin voltage rises to VCC >VCHG2,
charging is stopped, and start PFC works. The operations are shown in figure 8.

Figure 8. VCC UVLO / VCC OVP / VCC Charge Function Timing Chart

A: VH _IN pin voltage rises, VCC pin voltage starts rising.


B: VCC > VUVLO1, VCC UVLO is released, DC/DC operation starts.
C: VCC > VOVP, VCC OVP detects the overvoltage in the IC.
D: If the state of VCC < VOVP continued tLATCH (typ.100us) time, switching will stop by the OVP function. (Latch mode).
E: VCC < VCHG1, VCC terminal voltage rises by VCC recharging function.
F: VCC > VCHG2, VCC recharge function stops.
G: (The same with E.)
H: (The same with F.)
I: Voltage of the high voltage line VH is reduced
J: VCC<VUVLO2, VCC UVLO function starts.
K: VCC<VLATCH, Latch is released.
L: Secondary output has no load, DCDC works burst operation. VCC pin voltage reduce because power does not supply
from auxiliary coil
M:VCC<VCHG1 VCC terminal voltage rises by VCC recharging function. At that time, PFC switching stops.
N :VCC> VCHG2 VCC recharge function stops. PFC operation starts.
O:(The same with M.)
P:Increas a load, supply electric power from auxiliary coil

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(4) COMP Pin (Outside Coercive Stop Function)


The COMP Pin is used for coercive stop function. When the COMP Pin is lower than VCOMP (typ.0.5V), PFC and DC/DC
blocks stop. A detection timer tCOMP (typ.150us) is built inside to prevent detection errors caused by noise. The stop mode is
latched.
The COMP pin is pulled up in RCOMP (typ.25.9kΩ), If the COMP pin is pulled down with a resistance value lower than
RT(3.70kΩ.typ), the IC will detect the abnormality. An application example is shown in Figure 9, 10, 11.

Overheating Protection by NTC Thermistor


A thermistor is attached to the COMP pin so that latching can be stopped when overheating occurs.
In the case of this application, it should be designed so that the thermistor resistance becomes RT (typ.3.70kΩ) when
overheating is detected.
(Figure 9, 10, 11 are application circuit examples in which latching occurs when Ta = 110°C.)

VREF 20.0 
18.0 

Resister value R [kΩ]
16.0 
RLATCH 14.0 
(Typ25.9k) 12.0 
COMP
- 10.0 
8.0  RTt(typ3.7kΩ)
+ 6.0 
VLATCH Detect
NTC (Typ0.5V) 4.0 
Thermistor 2.0 
0.0 
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 200

Temparature T[℃ ]
Figure 9. COMP Pin Overheating Protection Application Figure 10. Temperature-Thermistor Resistance Value
Characteristics

Secondary Output Voltage Overvoltage Protection


A photocoupler is attached to the COMP pin to perform detection of secondary output overvoltage.

VO

BM1C001F

Typ25.9k
COMP
-
+

Figure 11. Output Overvoltage Protection Application

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(5) BR Pin
The BR Pin has three functions as shown in Figure 12.
Function 1: Low AC voltage protection. (Blown IN/OUT)
Function 2: Detects AC voltage and discharges by VH_IN Pin.
Function 3: Detects AC input voltage, whether 240V or 100V, by the amplitude level input to the BR pin The output voltage
of the PF" and voltage level of the CS over-current detection are switched to AC240V or AC100V based
systems. (PFC Output = AC100V: 260V, AC240V:400V)

The Input to the BR pin is the full-wave / half-wave rectified AC waveform of 50Hz/60Hz voltage divided by resistance. In
addition, in order to stabilize the input waveform, the capacitor (1000pF to 0.01uF) must be connected close to the BR pin.

(5-1) Low AC Voltage Protection (Blown IN/OUT)


When AC voltage is too low, blown out function can stop the PFC block and QR block. The AC input voltage connects to
the BR pin through two divider resistors. When the voltage of the BR pin is higher than VBR (1.0Vtyp), normal status is
detected and DC/DC starts.
After DC/DC started, low voltage in BR pin can stop PFC and DCDC blocks when it`s lower than VBR(typ.1.0V)and
maintains the level for longer than tBR(typ.256ms).

(5-2) X Capacitor Discharge Function


When AC voltage drop is detected after TBR(typ.256ms), discharge function becomes possible.
Discharge happens when VCC recharge function works.

FUSE
AC
85-265
Vac

Discharge

AC monitor

Figure 12. Blown IN/OUT Application Circuits

(1) If the AC input voltage drops,


Output is stopped if for more than 256ms the BR terminal
voltage is lower than 1.0V.
In this case, Xcap discharge function operates.

(2) If the AC input voltage is lost, it was a low voltage,


Output will be stopped in 256ms after the point where the
BR terminal voltage drops to 1.0V or less.
In this case, Xcap discharge function operates.

(3) If the AC input voltage is lost, it becomes a high


voltage,
Output will be stopped in 256ms after the point where the
BR terminal voltage rises to 0.75V or more.
In this case, Xcap discharge function operates.

Figure 13. BR Pin Timing Chart

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(5-3) PFC Output Voltage Switching Function


For AC input voltage that varies by region, in order to be as constant as possible boosting ratio by changing the PFC output
voltage, PFC is switching the output voltage by AC240V or AC100V-based systems. Thereby, PFC output voltage is changed
from 400V to 260V in the case of AC100V-based input. As a result, efficiency is improved.
This feature will detect if the system is AC240V or AC100V based in number and voltage level of the AC waveform that is
input to the BR pin. (Refer to Figure 14). See the timing chart of Figure 15, If the waveform (voltage higher than the voltage
detection ACIN (Th.=2.5V)) of 9 cycles is entered continuously, The PFC determines the AC240V system. In that case, PFC
changes the GM amplifier reference and the PFC output is changed to 400V from 260V.

Figure 14. PFC output voltage switching function Figure 15. PFC output voltage switching Timing Chart

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(6) The Quasi-Resonant DC/DC Driver


The IC operates with PFM (Pulse Frequency Modulation) mode method. By monitoring the QR_FB pin, QR_ ZT pin, and
QR_ CS pin, the IC supplies optimum system for DC/DC operation. The IC controls ON width (Turn Off) of external MOSFET
by QR_FB pin and QR_CS pin. The IC controls OFF width (Turn ON) of external MOSFET by QR_ZT pin. The details are
shown below. (Refer to Figure 16)

NOUT

12V Clamp
Circuit
+

1 shot

+ TimeOut
- AND 15 usec OR
7V
5 usec
100mV ZT Blanking SET POUT
AND S Q
/200mV OUT(H->L)
0.60us NOUT PRE
AND FBOLP_OH AND
Driver
NOUT

Max frequency OR R
control RESET
30k
+
-

0.5V FBOLP_OH
+ ON Timer OFF Timer 1M
- (256ms) (2048ms)

2.8V/2.6V
OSC
OSC

Soft Start
FB/4
300k
FB/5.71 - SS SS SS SS
100k - 0.5ms 1ms 2ms 4ms
+
Leading
AC100V:0.50V CURRENT SENSE (V-V Change)
Edge
AC240V:0.35V Normal : ×1.0
Blanking

Figure 16. DC/DC Block Diagram

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(6-1) Determination of ON width (Turn OFF)


ON width is controlled by QR_FB and QR_CS. The IC decides ON width by comparison between the value which divide
QR_FB pin by Vcs (typ=4) voltage and QR_CS pin voltage. Besides, by comparison with Vlim1(typ.0.5V)voltage which is
generated in IC, QR_CS comparator level is changed linearly to be shown in Figure 17.
QR_CS is shared with over-current limiter circuit per pulse.
IC changes over-current limiter level and max frequency by QR_ FB voltage.

mode1: Burst operation


mode2: Frequency reduction operation (reduce max frequency)
mode3: Max frequency operation
mode4: Over load operation (To detect over load state, IC stops switching)

MAX Fsw [kHz] mode1 mode2 mode3 mode4

120kHz

30kHz

0.0V 0.5V 1.25V 2.0V 2.8VQR_FB [V]


CS Limiter [V] mode1 mode2 mode3 mode4

Vlim1

Vlim2

0.0V 0.5V 1.25V 2.0V 2.8VQR_FB [V]

Figure 17. QR_FB Pin Voltage – Over-Current Limiter, Max Frequency Characteristics

To adjust over-current limiter level, CS Over-Current Protection voltage is switched in soft-start, AC voltage.
Vlim1 and Vlim2 are changed below.

Table 2. Over-Current Protection Voltage Detail

AC=100V AC=240V(PFC=OFF) AC=240V(PFC=ON)


Soft Start
Vlim1 Vlim2 Vlim1 Vlim2
Start to 0.5ms 0.063V ( 12%) 0.016V ( 3%) 0.044V (10%) 0.011V ( 2%)
0.5ms to 1ms 0.125V ( 25%) 0.032V ( 6%) 0.088V (20%) 0.022V ( 4%)
1ms to 2ms 0.250V ( 50%) 0.063V (12%) 0.175V (40%) 0.044V ( 9%)
2ms to 4ms 0.375V ( 75%) 0.094V (19%) 0.263V (60%) 0.066V (13%)
4ms ≤ 0.500V (100%) 0.125V (25%) 0.350V (70%) 0.087V (18%)
* ( percent) is shown comparative value with Vlim1(typ =0.5V)in normal operation.
The reason that distinguish between AC100V and AC230V is by CS over-current protection voltage switch function which is shown
to(6-3).

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(6-2) LEB (Leading Edge Blanking) Function


When a MOSFET for switching is turned ON, surge current occurs because of capacitance or rush current. Therefore,
when QR_CS voltage rises temporarily, the over-current limiter circuit may result to miss detections. To prevent miss
detections, the IC has a built-in blanking function which masks for tLEB (typ.250ns) from switching QR_OUT pin from L to H.
This blanking function enables to reduce noise filter of QR_CS pin.

(6-3) QR_CS Pin Over-Current Protection Switching Function


When input voltage (VH_IN) is higher, ON time is short, and the operating frequency increases. As a result, maximum capable
power increases for constant over-current limiter. For that while monitoring BR pin (ACIN detect voltage) the IC switches the
over-current detection of the IC. In case of high voltage (AC230V) and PFC working, IC changes over-current comparator level
to ×0.7 multiple of normal level.

(6-4) Determination of OFF Width (Turn on)


OFF width is controlled at the QR_ZT pin. When QR_OUT is Low, the power stored in the coil is supplied to the
secondary-side output capacitor. When this power supply ends, there is no more current flowing to the secondary side, so the
drain pin voltage of switching MOSFET drops. Consequently, the voltage on the auxiliary coil side also drops. A voltage that was
resistance-divided by Rzt1 and Rzt2 is applied to QR_ZT pin. When this voltage level drops to VZT1 (typ.100mV) or below,
MOSFET is turned ON by the ZT comparator. Since zero current status is detected at the QR_ZT pin, time constants are
generated using Czt, Rzt1, and Rzt2. Additionally, a ZT trigger mask function (described in section 6-5) and a ZT timeout
function (described in section 6-6) are built in IC.

In addition, Voltage auxiliary winding voltage (Vs) becomes negative while the switching is ON, There is a possibility that the
surge voltage negative is input to the pin QR_ZT during the switching timing. For this reason, To avoid of-0.3V Contact Rating
below, Please connect a Schottky diode between the pin and GND. (Refer to Figure 16)

(6-5) ZT Trigger Mask Function (Figure 18)


When switching is set from ON to OFF, superposition of noise may occur at the QR_ZT pin.
Then, the ZT comparator and ZTOVP comparator are masked for the TZTMASK time to prevent ZT comparator operation errors.

Figure 18. The Function of QR_ZT Trigger Mask.

A: DC/DC OFF => ON


B: DC/DC ON => OFF
C: Since a noise occurs to QR_ZT pin at B, IC masks ZT comparator
and ZTOVP comparator detection for TZTMASK time.

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(6-6) ZT Timeout Function (Figure 19)


(6-6-1) ZT Timeout Function 1
When QR_ZT pin voltage is not higher than VZT2(typ=200mV) for tZTOUT1 such as start or low output voltage, QR_ ZT pin shorts
to ground and IC turns on MOSFET by force.

(6-6-2) ZT Timeout Function 2


After ZT comparator detects low voltage level, when IC does not detect a following low voltage level within tZTOUT2, IC turns on
MOSFET by force. After ZT comparator detects bottom at once, the function operates. For that, it does not operate at start or at
low output voltage. When IC is not able to detect low voltage level by decreasing auxiliary coil voltage, the function operates.

ZT Pin – GND
Short Happen
VZT2
QR_ZT VZT1

Bottom
Detection signal
TZTOUT2 TZTOUT2
5us Time Out

15us Time Out


TZTOUT1 TZTOUT1

QR_CS

QR_OUT

A B C D E F G H I

Figure 19. The Function of ZT Time Out.

A: When starting, IC starts to operate by ZT timeout function1 for QR_ZT=0V.


B: MOSFET turns ON
C: MOSFET turns OFF
D: QR_ZT voltage is lower than VZT2 (typ.200mV) by QR_ZT dump decreasing.
E: MOSFET turns ON by ZT timeout fucntion2 after TZT2 (typ.5us) from D point.
F: QR_ZT voltage is lower than VZT2 (typ.200mV) by QR_ZT dump decreasing.
G: MOSFET turns ON by ZT timeout fucntion2 after TZT2 (typ.5us) from F point.
H: QR_ZT pin is short to GND.
I: MOSFET turns ON by ZT timeout function1 after TZTOUT1(typ.15us).

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(6-7) Soft Start Sequence


Normally, when AC voltage is applied there is a large amount of current flow then secondary the output voltage and current
overshoot. To prevent it, the IC has a built-in soft-start function. When VCC pin voltage is lower than VUVLO2 (typ.8.2V), IC is
reset. After that, when AC voltage is applied, the IC operates soft-start. The soft start function is shown below:

start to 0.5ms => Set QR_CS limiter to 12.5% of normal operation.


0.5ms to 1ms => Set QR_CS limiter to 25% of normal operation.
1ms to 2ms => Set QR_CS limiter to 50% of normal operation.
2ms to 4ms => Set QR_CS limiter to 75% of normal operation.
4ms ≤ => normal operation

(6-8) QR_ZT OVP (Over Voltage Protection)


The built-in OVP function to QR_ZT of the IC has a protection type that is latch mode. ZTOVP corresponds to DC voltage
detection and pulse detection for QR_ZT pin.
When the QR_ZT pin voltage is over VZTL (typ=5.0V), IC starts to detect ZTOVP function.
To prevent ZT OVP from miss-detecting by surge noise, IC builds in 3count and tLATCH(typ=100us) timer.
ZT OVP function operates in all states (normal state and over load state and burst state) after tZTMASK(0.6us).
For pulse detection, ZT OVP operation starts detection after tZTMASK delay time from QR_OUT: H->L

QR_OUT

VZT2
QR_ZT VZT1
ZT OVP
Tztmask Tztmask Tztmask Tztmask Tztmask Tztmask
Comparator 1 2 3

ZT OVP Detect TLATCH(typ=100us)

Latch Stop

AB C D
Figure 20. The Function of Latch Mask and ZT OVP

A: When QR_OUT voltage is changed from H to L, QR_ZT voltage is up. Then, surge pulse occurs to
QR_ZT. For that, because IC builds in tztmask time (typ=0.6us), IC does not detect ZTOVP for tztmask time.
B: IC detects ZTOVP after tztmask time (typ=0.6us) when QR_ZT voltage > 5.0V.
C: When ZTOVP comparator counts 3 pulse, tLATCH timer (typ=100us) operates.
D: When it takes for 100us from C, IC detects ZT OVP and IC carries out latch stop.

(6-9) QR_CS Open Protection


When QR_CS is OPEN, to prevent QR_OUT pin from changing to H by noise, IC builds in CS open protection. When
QR_CS is open, QR_OUT switching is stopped by the function. (This is auto-recovery.)

Timeout VCCOVP
Bottom Det OR POUT
AND S Q
PRE
FBOLP_OH AND
Driver
NOUT

1MΩ

CURRENT SENSE
(V-V Change) Leading Edge
Normal : ×1.0 Blanking

Figure 21. QR_CS Open Protection Circuit.

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(6-10) OUTPUT Over Load Protection (FB OLP Comparator)


When secondary output is at over load, IC detects it by FB OLP, then the IC stops switching.
In OLP state, because the secondary photo-coupler has no current flow, QR_FB voltage is up.
When the condition continues for tFOLP (typ =256ms), IC judges over load state, QR_OUT and P_OUT are fixed to low. After
QR_FB voltage is over VFOLP1A (typ =2.8V), when QR_FB voltage is lower than VFOLP1B (typ =2.6V) within tFOLP (typ =256ms),
over load protection timer is reset.
In starting, because QR_FB is pull-up by a resistor to internal voltage, QR_FB voltage starts to operate in the state which is
more than VFOLP1A (typ =2.8V).
For that, please set the stable time of secondary output voltage within tFOLP (typ =256ms).
After detecting over load, IC is stopped for tOLPST (typ =2048ms), IC is on auto-recovery operation.
In stopping switching, though VCC voltage is not charged from auxiliary coil side, IC operates re-charge function from starter
circuit, VCC voltage keeps VCC pin voltage > VUVLO2.

256ms 256ms

2048ms 2048ms

Figure 22. Auto Restart Operation by Over Load Protection.

A: When QR_FB voltage is over VFOLP1A (typ.2.8V), FBOLP comparator detects over load.
B: When the state A continues for tFOLP (typ.256ms), IC stops switching by over load protection.
C: During stopping switching by over load protection, VCC voltage drops. When VCC voltage is lower than VCHG,
VCC re-charge function operates, VCC voltage is up.
D: When VCC voltage is higher than VCHG2 by re-charge function, VCC recharge function is stopped.
E: From B, it takes for tOLPST (typ.2048ms), IC starts switching with soft-start.
F: When over load state continues, QR_FB voltage is over VFOLP1A. When it takes for tFOLP(typ.256ms) from E, IC
stops switching.
G: During stopping switching by over load protection, VCC voltage drops. When VCC voltage is lower than VCHG1,
VCC re-charge function operates, VCC voltage is up.
H: When VCC voltage is higher than VCHG2 by re-charge function, VCC recharge function is stopped.

(6-11) QR_OUT Pin Voltage Clamp Function


For the purpose of protecting the external MOSFET, H level of QR_OUT is clamped to VOUTH (typ.12.5V)
It prevents gate destruction of MOSFET by rising VCC voltage. (refer to Figure 20) QR_OUT is pull-down RPDOUT (typ.100kΩ).

Figure 23. The Simple Circuit of QR_OUT Pin.

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(7) Power Factor Correction (PFC: Power Factor Correction) Part


The Power Factor Correction Circuit is a voltage control method with the PFM boundary conduction mode.
The operation circuit is shown is Figure 24 and Timing chart is shown in Figure 25.

Switching Operation
(1) Inductor current (IL) increases after MOSFET changes to ON.
(2) The slope set by P_RT is compared with VP_EO when MOSFET is turned ON, IL increases current.
(3) MOSFET is set to be ON after P_IS terminal detects at the zero point.

Figure 24. The Operation Circuit of PFC. Figure 25. The Switching Timing Chart.

(7-1) gmAMP
P_VS pin monitors a voltage divided level between resistors of output voltage. P_VS pin has the piled up ripple voltage of AC
frequency (50Hz/60Hz).
The gmAMP filters this ripple voltage and controls the voltage level of P_EO, by responding to error of P_VS pin voltage and
internal reference voltage VP_VSAMP (typ.2.5V (1.625V) ).
Please set cut-off frequency of filter at P_EO pin showed in Figure 26, to about 5~10Hz.
Gm constant is designed 44uA / V.

P_EO

Figure 26. The Block Diagram of gmAMP.

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(7-2) P_VS Short Protection


The PFC built-in short protection function at P_VS works by stopping switching at P_OUT when P_VS voltage < VP_SHORT
(typ:0.3V/0.195V: -92% voltage of PFC output). The operation is shown is Figure 27.

Figure 27. The Short Protection of P_VS Terminal..

(7-3) Gain Boost Function in P_VS low Voltage


There are instances where Dropping of output voltage by sudden load changes happens, because of slow PFC voltage
response, output voltage is low for a long time. Therefore, PFC speeds up voltage control loop gain when P_VS pin voltage is
low around VPGUP (typ.2.25V) (Output voltage - 10%). In the operation, ON-duty at P_OUT pin increases, PFC prevents output
voltage from dropping for a long time. This operation is stopped when P_VS pin voltage is higher than VGUP (typ.2.25V).

(7-4) Gain Decrease Function in P_VS over Voltage (Dynamic OVP)


In case the output voltage is high by starting up or sudden output load changes, and because PFC voltage response is slow,
output voltage is high for a long time. Therefore, PFC speeds up voltage control loop gain when P_VS pin voltage is high around
VP_OVP1 (typ.2.625). In this operation, ON-duty at P_OUT pin decreases, PFC prevents output voltage from rising for a long
time. This operation is stopped when P_VS pin voltage is lower than Vp_ovp1(typ.2.625V).

(7-5) P_VS Over Voltage Protection Function (Static OVP)


PFC has a second built-in over voltage protection, for the case that P_VS voltage exceeds over the first over voltage
protection voltage VP_OVP1. In case of auto recovery, P_VS pin voltage is exceeded VP_OVP2 (typ.2.725V), switching is stopped
instantly. When P_VS pin voltage decrease lower than VP_OVP2 (typ.2.725V), switching operation is re-start. Refer to Figure 28.

Figure 28. P_VS Over Voltage Protection (Auto Restart Mode).

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(7-6) P_OVP Terminal Over Voltage Protection Function


P_OVP terminal has over voltage protection function to avoid P_OVP voltage increasing more than VP_OVP2 when P_VS
feedback circuit is under abnormal condition and to stop PFC output (latch mode).
IC stops switching (latch mode) after timer count (16ms), P_OVP increases more than VP_OVP3 (typ.2.5V). Because of the timer,
IC avoids detection error. The operation is shown is Figure 30.

Figure 29. The Protection of P_POVP terminal(Latch mode). Figure 30. Timing Chart

(7-7) The P_IS Terminal Zero Current Detection and Over-Current Detection Function
Zero current detection circuit is used to sense the zero crossing of Inductor current (IL).
P_OUT output is set to be low after zero detection delay because P_IS voltage becomes more than zero current detection
voltage. The over-current detection of an inductor current is set to be Vth=-0.6V (typ) of P_IS voltage.
To remove switching noise, we recommend additional CR filter in P_IS pin. The operation is shown is Figure 32.

P_IS P_OUT
+
Driver
Delay
Logic
-
-10mV
-
Over Current Protection
+

-0.6V

Figure 31. Current Detection Circuit of P_IS Terminal

P_IS
-10mV

P_OUT

TZCDD

Figure 32. P_IS Zero Current Detection Delay Time

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(7-8) P_RT Terminal


The frequency of the triangle waveform is generated by the oscillator block by external resistor on R_RT. The relationship of
RT value and frequency is shown in Figure 34. The maximum ON width is calculated by the following expression on application.

2  L  PO
TON _ MAX [ s ] 
V ACMin  
2

VAC: Input power 、Inductor: L、Max output power(W)、Efficiency 

We recommend that the period set by P_RT terminal is to be more than max ON width (TON_MAX).
Also, to improve efficiency in light load mode, rising frequency is controlled by the frequency set by P_RT.
So the range of setting frequency is ≤400kHz(typ). External resistance range on the RT pin is 82kΩ≤390kΩ.
RT terminal can also set Delay time from the zero-crossing detection (Vth=-10mV) comparator output change point. (Refer to
Figure 35).

60 900
800
50
VCC=15V

Max OSC Frequency [kHz]


700
Max ON Width [us]

40 600
PFC OSC
PFC OSC

500
30
400

20 300

VCC=15V 200
10
100

0 0
0 100 200 300 400 500 0 100 200 300 400 500
RT [kΩ] RT [kΩ]
Figure 33. The Relationship of RT and Operation Frequency* Figure 34. The Relationship of RT and ON Width*

1.6

1.4
PFC Zero Current Detection Delay [us]

1.2

1.0

0.8

0.6

0.4
VCC=15V

0.2

0.0
0 100 200 300 400 500
RT [kΩ]

Figure 35. The Relationship of RT and


PFC Zero Current Detection Delay*

*The above chart is for reference only. After confirmation of the actual device, please set the constant.

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(7-9) PFC OFF Configuration Function


Figure 36 shows the operation circuit and Figure 37 shows timing chart. This function can be used to stop PFC block and to
improve efficiency of the system for light load. The light load is detected when QR_FB`s voltage is low. The P_TIMER pin sets
timer by capacitor’s value to PFC stopping output from light load condition detection.
When QR_FB`s voltage is lower than P_OFFSET`s voltage in BM1C001F, the capacitor of P_TIMER pin starts to charge.
When P_TIMER`s voltage is higher than 2.0V (typ), P_OUT is stopped. When QR_FB`s voltage is higher than P_OFFSET`s
voltage, P_OUT starts again (Auto Restart).
For the stabilization of P_OFFSET pin voltage, connect a capacitor (1000pF≤) between the pin and GND. In addition, there is
a need to connect a 140kΩ ≤ 400kΩ resistance to be connected to the P_OFFSET Pin. P_OFFSET pin and P_TIMER pin
connect to GND if does not use PFC=OFF function. After start up, adjust VCC voltage not to change VCC recharge mode for
stable work in light load mode.

5u/4uA 2uA
P_OFFSET P_TIMER
-
+ +
QR_FB
PFC OFF
-

2.0V

Figure 36. Operation Circuit Figure 37. Timing Chart

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BM1C001F Datasheet

Operation Mode of Protection Circuit


Operation mode of protection functions are shown in Table 3.

Table 3. Operation Mode of Protection Circuit.

Operation Mode
Item Comments Operation At Operation At
Detection Method Release Method
Detection Release
PFC Part, PFC Part,
VCC Pin VCC<8.2V VCC>13.5V
VCCUVLO DC/DC Part DC/DC Part
Low Voltage Protection (VCC Falling) (VCC Rising)
STOP Start Up Operation
VCC>27.5V PFC Part, PFC Part,
VCC Pin VCC<7.7V
VCCOVP During 100us DC/DC Part DC/DC Part
Over Voltage Protection (VCC Falling)
(VCC Rising) Latch STOP Start Up Operation
BR<1.0V
Input AC Voltage PFC Part STOP, BR>1.0V
Brown Out (PFC) During 256ms Normal Operation
Low Voltage Protection X-Cap Disharging (BR Rising)
(BR Falling)
BR<1.0V
Input AC Voltage BR>1.0V
Brown Out (QR) During 256ms DC/DC Part STOP Normal Operation
Low Voltage Protection (BR Rising)
(BR Falling)
COMP<0.5V PFC Part, PFC Part,
VCC<7.7V
COMP COMP Pin Protection During 150us DC/DC Part DC/DC Part
(VCC Falling)
(COMP Falling) Latch Stop Start Up Operation
QR_FB>2.8V QR_FB<2.6V During
QR_FB Pin During 256ms DC/DC ,PFC Parts 2048ms
QR_FB_OLP Normal Operation
Over-Current Protection STOP
(QR_FB Rising) (QR_FB Falling)

QR_ZT>5.0V
QR_ZT Pin DC/DC, PFC Parts VCC<7.7V
QR_ZT OVP During 100us Normal Operation
Over Voltage Protection Latch Stop (VCC Falling)
(QR_QR_ZT Rising)

P_IS Pin P_IS<-0.60V PFC Part Output P_IS>-0.60V


P_IS OCP Normal Operation
Short Protection (P_IS Falling) STOP (P_IS Rising)

P_VS P_VS Pin P_VS<0.300V(0.195V) PFC Part Operation P_VS>0.300V(0.195V)


Normal Operation
Short Protection 1(2) Short Protection (P_VS Falling) STOP (P_VS Rising)

P_VS Pin
P_VS P_VS<2.250V(1.462V) Gm-Amp. P_VS>2.250V(1.462V)
Low Voltage Normal Operation
Gain rise voltage1(2) (P_VS Falling) GAIN Boost (P_VS Rising)
Gain Boost Function

P_VS P_VS Pin Dynamic P_VS>2.625V(1.706V) Gm-Amp. P_VS<2.625V(1.706V)


Normal Operation
Gain fall voltage1(2) Over Voltage Protection (P_VS Rising) GAIN Down (P_VS Falling)

P_VS
P_VS Pin Static P_VS>2.725V(1.771V) PFC Part P_VS<2.600V(1.690V)
over voltage Normal Operation
Over Voltage Protection (P_VS Rising) STOP (P_VS Falling)
protection1(2)
PFC Part, PFC Part,
P_OVP Pin P_OVP>2.5V VCC<8.2V
P_OVP OVP DC/DC Part DC/DC Part
Over Voltage Protection (P_VS Rising) (VCC Falling)
Latch Stop Start Up Operation
P_TIMER Pin P_TIMER>2.0V FB>P_OFFSET
P_TIMER PFC Part STOP Normal Operation
Protection Function (P_TIMER Rising) (FB Rising)

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Absolute Maximum Ratings (Ta = 25°C)


Parameter Symbol Rating Unit Conditions
Maximum Applied Voltage 1 Vmax1 -0.3 to +30.0 V VCC
Maximum Applied Voltage 2 Vmax2 -0.3 to +650 V VH_IN
Maximum Applied Voltage 3 Vmax3 -0.3 to +15.0 V P_OUT, QR_OUT
Maximum Applied Voltage 4 QR_FB, COMP, P_VS, BR,
Vmax4 -0.3 to +6.5 V P_OVP, P_RT, P_OFFSET,
P_VS, QR_CS, P_TIMER
Maximum Applied Voltage 5 Vmax5 -0.3 to +7.0 V QR_ZT
Maximum Applied Voltage 6 Vmax6 -6.5 to +0.3 V P_IS
P_OUT Pin Output Peak Current 1 IP_OUT1 -0.5 A
P_OUT Pin Output Peak Current 2 IP_OUT2 +1.0 A
QR_OUT Pin Output Peak Current 1 IQR_OUT1 -0.5 A
QR_OUT Pin Output Peak Current 2 IQR_OUT2 +1.0 A
Allowable Dissipation Pd 0.68 (Note1) W mounted
Operating Temperature Range Topr -40 to +105 °C
Storage Temperature Range Tstr -55 to +150 °C
(Note1) Derate by 5.5 mW/°C when operating above Ta = 25°C when mounted (on 70 mm × 70 mm, 1.6 mm thick, glass epoxy on single-layer substrate).
Caution: Operating the IC over the absolute maximum ratings may damage the IC. The damage can either be a short circuit between pins or an open circuit
between pins and the internal circuitry. Therefore, it is important to consider circuit protection measures, such as adding a fuse, in case the IC is operated over the
absolute maximum ratings.

Recommended Operating Conditions (Ta = 25°C)


Parameter Symbol Rating Unit Conditions
Power supply voltage range 1 VCC 8.9 to 26.0 V VCC Pin Voltage
Power supply voltage range 2 VH 80 to 600 V VH_IN Pin Voltage

Recommended External Parts (Ta = 25°C)


Parameter Symbol Rating Unit
VCC Pin Capacitor CVCC 1.0 ≤ μF
BR Pin Capacitor CBR 0.1 to 100 nF
P_RT Pin Resistor RP_RT 82 to 390 kΩ
P_OFFSET Pin Capacitor CP_OFFSET 1000 ≤ pF
P_OFFSET Pin Resistor RP_OFFSET 140 ≤ (400) kΩ

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Electrical Characteristics (Unless otherwise noted, Ta=25°C, VCC=15V)


Specifications
Parameter Symbol Unit Conditions
Minimum Standard Maximum
[ Circuit Current ]
PFC=OFF
Circuit current (ON) 1 ION1 - 1.0 1.4 mA QR_FB=2.0V
(During Pulse Operation)
PFC=ON
Circuit current (ON) 2 ION2 - 1.2 1.7 mA QR_FB=2.0V
(During Pulse Operation)
PFC=OFF
Circuit current (ON) 3 ION3 - 600 780 μA FB=0.0V
(During Burst Operation)
[ Start-Up Circuit Block ]
Start current 1 ISTART1 0.4 0.7 1.0 mA VCC= 0V
Start current 2 ISTART2 1 3 5 mA VCC=10V
Input Current from VH _IN
OFF Current ISTART3 - 10 20 μA Terminal after Releasing
UVLO
VH voltage switched start
VSC 0.8 1.5 2.1 V
current
[ VCC Pin Protection Function ]
VCC UVLO voltage1 VUVLO1 12.5 13.5 14.5 V VCC Rise
VCC UVLO voltage 2 VUVLO2 7.5 8.2 8.9 V VCC Drop
VCC UVLO hysteresis VUVLO3 - 5.3 - V VUVLO3 =VUVLO1 -VUVLO2
Start Circuit Operation
VCC charge start voltage VCHG1 7.7 8.7 9.7 V
Voltage
VCC charge end voltage VCHG2 12 13 14 V Stop Voltage from VCHG1
VCC OVP voltage 1 VOVP1 26.0 27.5 29.0 V VCC Rise
[ BR Pin (7pin) ]
BR detect voltage1 VBR1 0.92 1.00 1.08 V BR Rise
BR detect voltage 2 VBR2 - 0.70 - V BR Fall
BR hysteresis VBRHYS - 0.30 - V
PFC, DCDC Stop,
BR timer TBRTIMER 204 256 307 ms
Discharge Start
ACIN Detect Voltage VACIN1 2.25 2.50 2.75 V
[ COMP Pin (5pin) ]
COMP pin detect voltage VCOMP 0.37 0.50 0.63 V
COMP pin pull-up resistor RCOMP 19.4 25.9 32.3 kΩ
Thermistor resistor detection
RT 3.32 3.70 4.08 kΩ
value
Latch release voltage
TBRTIMER - VUVLO-0.5 - V
(VCC pin voltage)
Latch mask time TCOMP - 150 240 μs

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Electrical Characteristics – continued (Unless otherwise noted, Ta=25, VCC=15V)


Specifications
Parameter Symbol Unit Conditions
Minimum Standard Maximum
[ P_OFFSET block]
P_OFFSET source current 1 I_OFFSET1 3.6 4.0 4.4 μA
P_OFFSET source current 2 I_OFFSET2 4.5 5.0 5.5 V
P_OFFSET setting voltage Vp_OFFSET 0.50 0.64 0.78 μA P_OFFSET Pin = Open
Vp_OFFSET
P_OFFSET setting voltage hys 0.12 0.16 0.20 V P_OFFSET Pin = Open
hys
[ P_TIMER Pin ]
P_TIMER source current I_PTIMER 1.6 2.0 2.4 μA
P_TIMER detection voltage VP_TIMER 1.9 2.0 2.1 V P_TIMER Rise
[ PFC Part Gm Amplifier Block ]
P_VS pin pull-up current I_P_VS - 0.5 - μA
Gm Amp. normal voltage 1 VP_VSAMP1 2.46 2.50 2.56 V
Gm Amp. normal voltage 2 VP_VSAMP2 1.544 1.625 1.706 V
Gm Amp. trans conductance TP_VS 30.8 44.0 59.2 μA/V
Maximum Gm amplifier source
IP_EO_source 15 25 35 μA P_VS=1.0V
current
Maximum Gm amplifier sink
IP_EO_sink 24 40 56 μA P_VS=3.5V
current
[ PFC Part OSC Block ]
Maximum ON width TMAXDUTY 24 30 36 μs RT=220kΩ
Maximum oscillation frequency FMAXDUTY 320 400 480 kHz RT=220kΩ
[ PFC Part OSC Block ]
Zero current detection
VZCD -15m -10m -5m V
voltage
Zero current detection
TZCDD - 0.85 1.70 μs
voltage Delay
IS over-current detection
VIS_OCP -0.625 -0.600 -0.575 V
voltage
[ PFC Part protection Block ] Figure of ( %) is the ratio of VS standard voltage (1: 2.5V, 2:1.625V).
0.200 0.300 0.400
P_VS short protection voltage1 VP_SHORT1 V ACIN=H
(-92%) (-88%) (-84%)
0.130 0.195 0.260
P_VS short protection voltage2 VP_SHORT2 V ACIN=L
(-92%) (-88%) (-84%)
2.050 2. 250 2.450
P_VS gain rise voltage1 VPGUP1 V ACIN=H
(-18%) (-10%) (-2%)
1.332 1.462 1.593
P_VS gain rise voltage2 VPGUP2 V ACIN=L
(-18%) (-10%) (-2%)
2.625
P_VS gain fall voltage 1 VP_OVP1 - - V ACIN=H
(+5%)
1.706
P_VS gain fall voltage 2 VP_OVP2 - - V ACIN=L
(+5%)
P_VS over voltage protection
2.725
detection voltage1 VP_OVP1 - - V ACIN=H
(+9%)
(auto recovery)
P_VS over voltage protection
1.771
detection voltage2 VP_OVP2 - - V ACIN=L
(+9%)
(auto recovery)
[ PFC Part OVP Block ]
PFC OVP pin detection voltage VCOMP 2.43 2.50 2.57 V
PFC OVP pin detection timer TPFCOVP - 100 200 μsec
[ PFC Part OUT Block ]
P_OUT pin H voltage VOUTH 10.5 12.5 14.5 V IO = -20mA
P_OUT pin L voltage VOUTL - - 1.00 V IO = +20mA
P_OUT pin pull down resistor RPDOUT 75 100 125 kΩ
* Definition of ACIN (L : BR Pin Voltage < 2.5V, H : BR Pin Voltage > 2.5V)

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Electrical Characteristics – continued (Unless otherwise noted, Ta=25, VCC=15V)


Specifications
Parameter Symbol Unit Conditions
Minimum Standard Maximum
[ DC/DC Convertor Block (Turn Off) ]
FB pin pull-up resistor RFB 22.5 30.0 37.5 kΩ
CS over-current detect
Vlim1A 0.475 0.500 0.525 V FB=2.2V (ACIN=L)
voltage 1A
CS over-current detect
Vlim1B 0.310 0.350 0.390 V FB=2.2V (ACIN=H)
voltage 1B
CS over-current detect
Vlim2A 0.100 0.125 0.150 V FB=0.5V (ACIN=L)
voltage 2A
CS over-current detect
Vlim2B 0.062 0.088 0.113 V FB=0.5V (ACIN=H)
voltage 2B
Voltage gain 1 (⊿VFB/⊿VCS) AVCS1 3.40 4.00 4.60 V/V ACIN=L
Voltage gain 2 (⊿VFB/⊿VCS) AVCS2 4.86 5.71 6.57 V/V ACIN=H
CS Leading Edge
TLEB - 0.250 - μs
Blanking time
Turn off time TOFF - 0.250 - μs PULSE is Applied to CS Pin
Minimum ON width Tmin - 0.500 - μs TLEB + TOFF
Maximum ON width Tmax 29.0 43.0 57.2 μs
[ DC/DC Convertor Block (Turn Off) ]
Maximum operating
FSW1 108 120 132 kHz FB=2.0V
frequency 1
Maximum operating
FSW2 22 30 39 kHz FB=0.5V
frequency 2
Frequency reduction
VFBSW1 1.10 1.25 1.40 V
start FB voltage
Frequency reduction
VFBSW2 0.45 0.50 0.55 V
end FB voltage
ZT comparator voltage 1 VZT1 60 100 140 mV ZT fall
ZT comparator voltage 2 VZT2 120 200 280 mV ZT rise
OUT H to L, for Protection
ZT trigger mask time TZTMASK - 0.6 - μs
Noise
ZT trigger timeout period 1 The Operation Without
TZTOUT1 11.7 17.5 23.2 μs
Bottom Detection
ZT trigger timeout period 2 TZTOUT2 3.9 5.8 7.7 μs Count from Final ZT Trigger
[ DC/DC Convertor Block (Protection) ]
Soft start time 1 TSS1 0.35 0.50 0.65 ms
Soft start time 2 TSS2 0.70 1.00 1.30 ms
Soft start time 3 TSS3 1.40 2.00 2.60 ms
Soft start time 4 TSS4 2.80 4.00 5.20 ms
FB burst voltage 1 VBURST1 0.435 0.500 0.565 V FB Fall
FB burst voltage 2 VBURST2 0.479 0.550 0.621 V FB Rise
Over Load Detection
FB OLP voltage a VFOLP1A 2.6 2.8 3.0 V
(FB Fall)
Over Load Detection
FB OLP voltage b VFOLP1B - 2.6 - V
(FB Rise)
FB OLP detection timer TFOLP 197 256 333 ms
FB OLP stop timer TOLPST 1433 2048 2664 ms
Latch release voltage VUVLO2 –
VLATCH - - V
(VCC pin voltage) 0.50
Latch mask time TLATCH 50 100 200 μs
ZT OVP voltage VZTL 4.64 5.00 5.36 V
[DC/DC OUT Block]
QR_OUT Pin H Voltage VQROUTH 10.5 12.5 14.5 V IO=-20mA
QR_OUT Pin L Voltage VQROUTL - - 1.00 V IO=+20mA
QR_OUT Pin Pull-Down Res. RQRDOUT 75 100 125 kΩ
* Definition of ACIN (L : BR Pin Voltage < 2.5V, H : BR Pin Voltage > 2.5V)

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Power Dissipation

The thermal design should set operation for the following conditions.
(Since the temperature shown below is the guaranteed temperature, be sure to take a margin into account.)

1. The ambient temperature Ta must be 105°C or less.


2. The IC’s loss must be within the allowable dissipation Pd.

The thermal abatement characteristics are as follows.


(PCB: 70 mm × 70 mm × 1.6 mm, mounted on glass epoxy substrate)

0.80

0.70
POWER DISSIPATION : Pd [W]

0.60

0.50

0.40

0.30

0.20

0.10

0.00
0 25 50 75 100 125 150
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE : Ta [℃]

Figure 38. Thermal Abatement Characteristics

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BM1C001F Datasheet

I/O Equivalence Circuits


1 VCC 2 GND 3 QR_FB 4 QR_ZT
Internal Reg Internal Reg

5 COMP 6 P_EO 7 BR 8 P_RT

Internal Reg

9 P_OFFSET 10 P_OVP 11 P_VS 12 QR_CS


Internal Reg
Internal Reg
Internal Reg

13 P_IS 14 P_OUT 15 QR_OUT 16 P_TIMER


Internal Reg
Internal Reg

17 (N.C.) 18 VH_IN

N. C. Internal
Circuit

Figure 39. I/O Equivalent Circuit Diagram

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BM1C001F Datasheet

Operational Notes

1. Reverse Connection of Power Supply


Connecting the power supply in reverse polarity can damage the IC. Take precautions against reverse polarity when
connecting the power supply, such as mounting an external diode between the power supply and the IC’s power
supply terminals.

2. Power Supply Lines


Design the PCB layout pattern to provide low impedance supply lines. Separate the ground and supply lines of the
digital and analog blocks to prevent noise in the ground and supply lines of the digital block from affecting the analog
block. Furthermore, connect a capacitor to ground at all power supply pins. Consider the effect of temperature and
aging on the capacitance value when using electrolytic capacitors.

3. Ground Voltage
Ensure that no pins are at a voltage below that of the ground pin at any time, even during transient condition.

4. Ground Wiring Pattern


When using both small-signal and large-current ground traces, the two ground traces should be routed separately but
connected to a single ground at the reference point of the application board to avoid fluctuations in the small-signal
ground caused by large currents. Also ensure that the ground traces of external components do not cause variations
on the ground voltage. The ground lines must be as short and thick as possible to reduce line impedance.

5. Thermal Consideration
Should by any chance the power dissipation rating be exceeded, the rise in temperature of the chip may result in
deterioration of the properties of the chip. The absolute maximum rating of the Pd stated in this specification is when
the IC is mounted on a 70mm x 70mm x 1.6mm glass epoxy board. In case of exceeding this absolute maximum
rating, increase the board size and copper area to prevent exceeding the Pd rating.

6. Recommended Operating Conditions


These conditions represent a range within which the expected characteristics of the IC can be approximately obtained.
The electrical characteristics are guaranteed under the conditions of each parameter.

7. Rush Current
When power is first supplied to the IC, it is possible that the internal logic may be unstable and inrush current may
flow instantaneously due to the internal powering sequence and delays, especially if the IC has more than one power
supply. Therefore, give special consideration to power coupling capacitance, power wiring, width of ground wiring, and
routing of connections.

8. Operation Under Strong Electromagnetic Field


Operating the IC in the presence of a strong electromagnetic field may cause the IC to malfunction.

9. Testing on Application Boards


When testing the IC on an application board, connecting a capacitor directly to a low-impedance output pin may
subject the IC to stress. Always discharge capacitors completely after each process or step. The IC’s power supply
should always be turned off completely before connecting or removing it from the test setup during the inspection
process. To prevent damage from static discharge, ground the IC during assembly and use similar precautions during
transport and storage.

10. Inter-pin Short and Mounting Errors


Ensure that the direction and position are correct when mounting the IC on the PCB. Incorrect mounting may result in
damaging the IC. Avoid nearby pins being shorted to each other especially to ground, power supply and output pin.
Inter-pin shorts could be due to many reasons such as metal particles, water droplets (in very humid environment) and
unintentional solder bridge deposited in between pins during assembly to name a few.

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BM1C001F Datasheet

Operational Notes – continued

11. Unused Input Terminals


Input terminals of an IC are often connected to the gate of a MOS transistor. The gate has extremely high impedance
and extremely low capacitance. If left unconnected, the electric field from the outside can easily charge it. The small
charge acquired in this way is enough to produce a significant effect on the conduction through the transistor and
cause unexpected operation of the IC. So unless otherwise specified, unused input terminals should be connected to
the power supply or ground line.

12. Regarding the Input Pin of the IC


This monolithic IC contains P+ isolation and P substrate layers between adjacent elements in order to keep them
isolated. P-N junctions are formed at the intersection of the P layers with the N layers of other elements, creating a
parasitic diode or transistor. For example (refer to figure below):
When GND > Pin A and GND > Pin B, the P-N junction operates as a parasitic diode.
When GND > Pin B, the P-N junction operates as a parasitic transistor.
Parasitic diodes inevitably occur in the structure of the IC. The operation of parasitic diodes can result in mutual
interference among circuits, operational faults, or physical damage. Therefore, conditions that cause these diodes to
operate, such as applying a voltage lower than the GND voltage to an input pin (and thus to the P substrate) should
be avoided.

Figure 40. Example of monolithic IC structure

13. Ceramic Capacitor

When using a ceramic capacitor, determine the dielectric constant considering the change of capacitance with
temperature and the decrease in nominal capacitance due to DC bias and others.

14. Area of Safe Operation (ASO)


Operate the IC such that the output voltage, output current, and power dissipation are all within the Area of Safe
Operation (ASO).

15. Thermal Shutdown Circuit(TSD)


This IC has a built-in thermal shutdown circuit that prevents heat damage to the IC. Normal operation should always
be within the IC’s power dissipation rating. If however the rating is exceeded for a continued period, the junction
temperature (Tj) will rise which will activate the TSD circuit that will turn OFF all output pins. When the Tj falls below
the TSD threshold, the circuits are automatically restored to normal operation.
Note that the TSD circuit operates in a situation that exceeds the absolute maximum ratings and therefore, under no
circumstances, should the TSD circuit be used in a set design or for any purpose other than protecting the IC from
heat damage.

16. Over Current Protection Circuit (OCP)


This IC incorporates an integrated overcurrent protection circuit that is activated when the load is shorted. This
protection circuit is effective in preventing damage due to sudden and unexpected incidents. However, the IC should
not be used in applications characterized by continuous operation or transitioning of the protection circuit.

Status of this document


The Japanese version of this document is formal specification. A customer may use this translation version only for a reference
to help reading the formal version.
If there are any differences in translation version of this document formal version takes priority

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TSZ22111・15・001 07.Mar.2014 Rev.003
BM1C001F Datasheet

Ordering Information

B M 1 C 0 0 1 F - GE2

Part Number Package Packaging and forming specification


F:SOP18 G: Halogen free
E2: Embossed tape and reel

Marking Diagrams

SOP18(TOP VIEW)
Part Number Marking

1234567890 LOT Number

1PIN MARK

Part Number Marking Package Orderable Part Number


BM1C001F SOP18 BM1C001F-GE2

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BM1C001F Datasheet

Physical Dimension, Tape and Reel Information


Package Name SOP18

(Max 11.55 (include.BURR))

(UNIT : mm)
PKG : SOP18
Drawing No. : EX115-5001

<Tape and Reel information>


Tape Embossed carrier tape
Quantity 2000pcs
E2
Direction
The direction is the 1pin of product is at the upper left when you hold
of feed ( reel on the left hand and you pull out the tape on the right hand )

Direction of feed
1pin
Reel ∗ Order quantity needs to be multiple of the minimum quantity.

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TSZ22111・15・001 07.Mar.2014 Rev.003
BM1C001F Datasheet

Revision History

Date Revision Changes


5.Aug.2013 001 New Release
Page 25.
Maximum ON width: 30 / 42 / 54 -> 29.0 / 43.0 / 57.2 us
ZT trigger timeout period 1: 10.5 / 15.0 /19.5 -> 11.7 / 17.5 / 23.2 us
ZT trigger timeout period 2: 3.5 / 5.0 / 6.5 -> 3.9 / 5.8 / 7.7 us
28.Aug.2013 002 FB burst voltage 1: 0.450 / 0.500 / 0.550 -> 0.435 / 0.500 / 0.565 V
FB burst voltage 2: 0.495 / 0.550 / 0.605 -> 0.479 / 0.550 / 0.621 V
Page22. Absolute Maximum Ratings: “Caution” and “P_OVP” Pin Added.

Others: Each figure appearance modification.


Page04 Starter Block : correct a explanation
Page06 VCC charge Function : correct a explanation
Page06,07 Figure8 : correct a explanation
Page11 Figure 17 : correct a explanation
07.Mar.2014 003
Page11 Table2 : correction
Page12 QR_CS Pin Over-Current Protection Switching Function : correct a explanation
Page14 OUTPUT Over Load Protection : correct a explanation

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Datasheet

Notice
Precaution on using ROHM Products
1. Our Products are designed and manufactured for application in ordinary electronic equipments (such as AV equipment,
OA equipment, telecommunication equipment, home electronic appliances, amusement equipment, etc.). If you
(Note 1)
intend to use our Products in devices requiring extremely high reliability (such as medical equipment , transport
equipment, traffic equipment, aircraft/spacecraft, nuclear power controllers, fuel controllers, car equipment including car
accessories, safety devices, etc.) and whose malfunction or failure may cause loss of human life, bodily injury or
serious damage to property (“Specific Applications”), please consult with the ROHM sales representative in advance.
Unless otherwise agreed in writing by ROHM in advance, ROHM shall not be in any way responsible or liable for any
damages, expenses or losses incurred by you or third parties arising from the use of any ROHM’s Products for Specific
Applications.
(Note1) Medical Equipment Classification of the Specific Applications
JAPAN USA EU CHINA
CLASSⅢ CLASSⅡb
CLASSⅢ CLASSⅢ
CLASSⅣ CLASSⅢ

2. ROHM designs and manufactures its Products subject to strict quality control system. However, semiconductor
products can fail or malfunction at a certain rate. Please be sure to implement, at your own responsibilities, adequate
safety measures including but not limited to fail-safe design against the physical injury, damage to any property, which
a failure or malfunction of our Products may cause. The following are examples of safety measures:
[a] Installation of protection circuits or other protective devices to improve system safety
[b] Installation of redundant circuits to reduce the impact of single or multiple circuit failure

3. Our Products are designed and manufactured for use under standard conditions and not under any special or
extraordinary environments or conditions, as exemplified below. Accordingly, ROHM shall not be in any way
responsible or liable for any damages, expenses or losses arising from the use of any ROHM’s Products under any
special or extraordinary environments or conditions. If you intend to use our Products under any special or
extraordinary environments or conditions (as exemplified below), your independent verification and confirmation of
product performance, reliability, etc, prior to use, must be necessary:
[a] Use of our Products in any types of liquid, including water, oils, chemicals, and organic solvents
[b] Use of our Products outdoors or in places where the Products are exposed to direct sunlight or dust
[c] Use of our Products in places where the Products are exposed to sea wind or corrosive gases, including Cl2,
H2S, NH3, SO2, and NO2
[d] Use of our Products in places where the Products are exposed to static electricity or electromagnetic waves
[e] Use of our Products in proximity to heat-producing components, plastic cords, or other flammable items
[f] Sealing or coating our Products with resin or other coating materials
[g] Use of our Products without cleaning residue of flux (even if you use no-clean type fluxes, cleaning residue of
flux is recommended); or Washing our Products by using water or water-soluble cleaning agents for cleaning
residue after soldering
[h] Use of the Products in places subject to dew condensation

4. The Products are not subject to radiation-proof design.

5. Please verify and confirm characteristics of the final or mounted products in using the Products.

6. In particular, if a transient load (a large amount of load applied in a short period of time, such as pulse. is applied,
confirmation of performance characteristics after on-board mounting is strongly recommended. Avoid applying power
exceeding normal rated power; exceeding the power rating under steady-state loading condition may negatively affect
product performance and reliability.

7. De-rate Power Dissipation (Pd) depending on Ambient temperature (Ta). When used in sealed area, confirm the actual
ambient temperature.

8. Confirm that operation temperature is within the specified range described in the product specification.

9. ROHM shall not be in any way responsible or liable for failure induced under deviant condition from what is defined in
this document.

Precaution for Mounting / Circuit board design


1. When a highly active halogenous (chlorine, bromine, etc.) flux is used, the residue of flux may negatively affect product
performance and reliability.

2. In principle, the reflow soldering method must be used; if flow soldering method is preferred, please consult with the
ROHM representative in advance.

For details, please refer to ROHM Mounting specification

Notice - GE Rev.002
© 2014 ROHM Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Datasheet

Precautions Regarding Application Examples and External Circuits


1. If change is made to the constant of an external circuit, please allow a sufficient margin considering variations of the
characteristics of the Products and external components, including transient characteristics, as well as static
characteristics.

2. You agree that application notes, reference designs, and associated data and information contained in this document
are presented only as guidance for Products use. Therefore, in case you use such information, you are solely
responsible for it and you must exercise your own independent verification and judgment in the use of such information
contained in this document. ROHM shall not be in any way responsible or liable for any damages, expenses or losses
incurred by you or third parties arising from the use of such information.

Precaution for Electrostatic


This Product is electrostatic sensitive product, which may be damaged due to electrostatic discharge. Please take proper
caution in your manufacturing process and storage so that voltage exceeding the Products maximum rating will not be
applied to Products. Please take special care under dry condition (e.g. Grounding of human body / equipment / solder iron,
isolation from charged objects, setting of Ionizer, friction prevention and temperature / humidity control).

Precaution for Storage / Transportation


1. Product performance and soldered connections may deteriorate if the Products are stored in the places where:
[a] the Products are exposed to sea winds or corrosive gases, including Cl2, H2S, NH3, SO2, and NO2
[b] the temperature or humidity exceeds those recommended by ROHM
[c] the Products are exposed to direct sunshine or condensation
[d] the Products are exposed to high Electrostatic

2. Even under ROHM recommended storage condition, solderability of products out of recommended storage time period
may be degraded. It is strongly recommended to confirm solderability before using Products of which storage time is
exceeding the recommended storage time period.

3. Store / transport cartons in the correct direction, which is indicated on a carton with a symbol. Otherwise bent leads
may occur due to excessive stress applied when dropping of a carton.

4. Use Products within the specified time after opening a humidity barrier bag. Baking is required before using Products of
which storage time is exceeding the recommended storage time period.

Precaution for Product Label


QR code printed on ROHM Products label is for ROHM’s internal use only.

Precaution for Disposition


When disposing Products please dispose them properly using an authorized industry waste company.

Precaution for Foreign Exchange and Foreign Trade act


Since our Products might fall under controlled goods prescribed by the applicable foreign exchange and foreign trade act,
please consult with ROHM representative in case of export.

Precaution Regarding Intellectual Property Rights


1. All information and data including but not limited to application example contained in this document is for reference
only. ROHM does not warrant that foregoing information or data will not infringe any intellectual property rights or any
other rights of any third party regarding such information or data. ROHM shall not be in any way responsible or liable
for infringement of any intellectual property rights or other damages arising from use of such information or data.:

2. No license, expressly or implied, is granted hereby under any intellectual property rights or other rights of ROHM or any
third parties with respect to the information contained in this document.

Other Precaution
1. This document may not be reprinted or reproduced, in whole or in part, without prior written consent of ROHM.

2. The Products may not be disassembled, converted, modified, reproduced or otherwise changed without prior written
consent of ROHM.

3. In no event shall you use in any way whatsoever the Products and the related technical information contained in the
Products or this document for any military purposes, including but not limited to, the development of mass-destruction
weapons.

4. The proper names of companies or products described in this document are trademarks or registered trademarks of
ROHM, its affiliated companies or third parties.

Notice - GE Rev.002
© 2014 ROHM Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Datasheet

General Precaution
1. Before you use our Pro ducts, you are requested to care fully read this document and fully understand its contents.
ROHM shall n ot be in an y way responsible or liabl e for fa ilure, malfunction or acci dent arising from the use of a ny
ROHM’s Products against warning, caution or note contained in this document.

2. All information contained in this docume nt is current as of the issuing date and subj ect to change without any prior
notice. Before purchasing or using ROHM’s Products, please confirm the la test information with a ROHM sale s
representative.

3. The information contained in this doc ument is provi ded on an “as is” basis and ROHM does not warrant that all
information contained in this document is accurate an d/or error-free. ROHM shall not be in an y way responsible or
liable for an y damages, expenses or losses incurred b y you or third parties resulting from inaccur acy or errors of or
concerning such information.

Notice – WE Rev.001
© 2014 ROHM Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Mouser Electronics

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