Abstract
• Is it really a summary?
• Does it include key findings?
• Is it an appropriate length?
Introduction
• Is it effective, clear and well organized?
• Does it really introduce and put into perspective what follows?
• Suggest changes in organization and point authors to appropriate citations.
• Be specific – don't write generic statements like, "the authors have done a poor job.”
Methodology
• Can a colleague reproduce the experiments and get the same outcomes?
• Did the authors include proper references to previously published methodology?
• Is the description of new methodology accurate?
• Could or should the authors have included supplementary material?
Results and discussion
• Suggest improvements in the way data is shown
• Comment on general logic and on justification of interpretations and conclusions
• Comment on the number of figures, and tables
• Write concisely and precisely which changes you recommend
• List separately suggested changes in style, grammar and other small changes
• Suggest additional experiments or analyses
• Make clear the need for changes/updates
• Ask yourself whether the manuscript should be published at all
Conclusions
• Comment on importance, validity and generality of conclusions
• Request toning down of unjustified claims and generalizations
• Request removal of redundancies and summaries
• The abstract, not the conclusion, summarizes the study
References, tables and figures
• Check accuracy, number and citation appropriateness
• Comment on any footnotes
• Comment on quality and readability of figures
• Assess completeness of legends, axis labels, and figure captions
• Check presentation consistency • Comment on need for color in figures