Operating

instructions
(i 7.0.0)
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CONTENTS

1  SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................. 6 

1.1  Purpose of the software ............................................................................................................... 7 
1.2  Installation and hardware requirements ...................................................................................... 8 
1.3  Starting and closing the program ................................................................................................. 9 
2  USER INTERFACE ............................................................................................................................. 10 
2.1  Main Window ............................................................................................................................. 11 
2.1.1  Main menu ............................................................................................................................. 12 
2.1.2  Toolbar .................................................................................................................................. 15 
2.1.3  Window modes ...................................................................................................................... 16 
2.1.4  Context menu ........................................................................................................................ 16 
2.2  Sub-windows ............................................................................................................................. 17 
2.2.1  Project Explorer ..................................................................................................................... 17 
2.2.2  Properties .............................................................................................................................. 20 
2.2.3  Graphical representation of the tunnel profile ....................................................................... 21 
2.2.4  Presenting the laser intersection points ................................................................................ 22 
2.2.5  Graphical representation of the tunnel camber ..................................................................... 23 
2.3  Operational parameters ............................................................................................................. 24 
2.3.1  Hole realization tolerances .................................................................................................... 27 
3  TUNNEL PROJECT ............................................................................................................................ 28 
3.1  Directory structure ..................................................................................................................... 29 
3.2  Creating a new tunnel project .................................................................................................... 30 
3.3  Creating a pre-filled navigation .................................................................................................. 32 
4  TUNNEL PLAN.................................................................................................................................... 33 
4.1  Creating a tunnel plan................................................................................................................ 34 
4.1.1  Information – General tunnel plan information ...................................................................... 34 
4.1.2  Coordinate system ................................................................................................................ 35 
4.1.3  Pivot Point ............................................................................................................................. 36 
4.1.4  Profile in PEG range – attaching profiles to a peg number range......................................... 36 
4.2  Curve table ................................................................................................................................ 38 
4.2.1  Generating rows in the curve table ....................................................................................... 40 
4.2.2  Tunnel Line- import wizard function ...................................................................................... 41 
4.2.2.1  Importing Tunnel Line from a text file................................................................................ 42 
4.2.2.2  Importing Tunnel Line from a LandXML- file..................................................................... 43 
4.2.3  Export curve table to text....................................................................................................... 44 
4.2.4  Copying a curve table from Excel ......................................................................................... 44 
4.3  Laser table ................................................................................................................................. 45 
4.4  Graphical representation of the tunnel plan............................................................................... 47 
4.4.1  Common properties of 3D tunnel windows ........................................................................... 47 
4.4.2  Displaying the pull-out analysis with the tunnel view ............................................................ 49 
4.4.3  Transferring a tunnel plan to the drilling rig ........................................................................... 50 
5  THEORETICAL EXCAVATION PROFILE .......................................................................................... 52 
5.1  Designing a theoretical excavation profile ................................................................................. 53 
5.1.1  Defining a profile from a standard profile .............................................................................. 53 
5.1.2  Importing a profile from a file ................................................................................................. 54 
5.1.3  Importing the profile from a set peg-number ......................................................................... 58 
5.1.4  Free-form definition of a profile ............................................................................................. 59 
5.1.5  Profile Interpolation ............................................................................................................... 62 
5.2  Setting the object properties ...................................................................................................... 63 
5.3  Symbols in the view ................................................................................................................... 64 
6  DRILL PLAN........................................................................................................................................ 65 
6.1  Creating a new drill plan ............................................................................................................ 66 
6.2  Properties of the drill plan .......................................................................................................... 67 
6.2.1  General information ............................................................................................................... 67 
6.2.2  Drill plan summary ................................................................................................................. 68 
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6.2.3  Explosion summary ............................................................................................................... 69 

6.3  Drill plan design windows .......................................................................................................... 70 
6.3.1  Drill plan table import............................................................................................................. 70 
6.3.2  Determining auxiliary profiles ................................................................................................ 72 
6.3.3  Explosive List, Hole Charge Table, and Burden and Spacing Table .................................... 73 
6.3.4  Detonators and Surface Delays ............................................................................................ 77 
6.3.5  Hole depth table .................................................................................................................... 78 
6.3.6  RIG - properties of the drilling rig .......................................................................................... 79 
6.3.7  Hole diameter table ............................................................................................................... 81 
6.3.8  Drill or bolt plan lasers ........................................................................................................... 82 
6.3.9  Viewing the rig and defining the rig position.......................................................................... 83 
6.3.10  Viewing of the coverage and blind area of the booms .......................................................... 84 
6.3.11  Presentation of a momentary explosion calculation .............................................................. 85 
6.3.12  Representation of the graphical momentary explosion calculation ....................................... 89 
6.3.13  Vibration analysis information presentation on the momentary explosion summary ............ 91 
6.3.13.1  Importing the vibration measurement information from file .......................................... 93 
6.3.14  Checking the drill plan ........................................................................................................... 94 
6.3.15  3D view of the drill plan ......................................................................................................... 96 
6.3.16  'View 2D Tunnel' - form ......................................................................................................... 98 
6.4  Design window of the drill plan .................................................................................................. 99 
6.4.1  The drill plan design window's context menu ...................................................................... 100 
6.4.2  Drill plan drawing layers ..................................................................................................... 102 
6.4.3  Measuring tool ..................................................................................................................... 103 
6.4.4  Presenting the hole symbol in the design window .............................................................. 104 
6.4.5  Hole selection methods ....................................................................................................... 104 
6.4.6  Copying and pasting field holes and elements.................................................................... 105 
6.4.7  Mirroring the drill plan .......................................................................................................... 107 
6.4.8  Moving the drill plan origin................................................................................................... 108 
6.4.9  Selection of assisting profiles and drawing layers presented in the design window ........... 108 
6.4.10  Go to - functionality ............................................................................................................. 109 
6.5  Exporting the drill plan ............................................................................................................. 111 
6.6  Converting a PLA drill plan to Sandvik format ......................................................................... 112 
7  WORK PHASES IN DESIGNING THE DRILL PLAN ....................................................................... 113 
7.1  Defining the profile ................................................................................................................... 114 
7.2  Determining auxiliary profiles .................................................................................................. 115 
7.3  Defining the hole position ........................................................................................................ 117 
7.3.1  Toolbar options for defining hole positions.......................................................................... 117 
7.3.2  Defining hole positions in blast plane design ...................................................................... 119 
7.3.2.1  Burden calculation and fracturing ................................................................................... 122 
7.3.3  Defining hole positions in navigation plane design ............................................................. 123 
7.3.4  Mirroring separate holes and field elements ....................................................................... 124 
7.3.5  Designing injection holes..................................................................................................... 124 
7.4  Defining hole depths ................................................................................................................ 125 
7.4.1  Cutting hole depths with a drawn element .......................................................................... 126 
7.5  Defining the hole direction angle ............................................................................................. 127 
7.5.1  ‘Lock to profile’ property ...................................................................................................... 128 
7.5.2  Target point orientation tool................................................................................................. 128 
7.5.2.1  Moving and copying the direction angle master property ............................................... 130 
7.6  Defining the drill sequence ...................................................................................................... 132 
7.6.1  Determining the sequence manually ................................................................................... 132 
7.6.2  Simulation of the drilling sequence ..................................................................................... 135 
7.6.3  Importing sequence and roll-over angles from the data collection file ................................ 137 
7.7  Defining the roll-over angle ...................................................................................................... 139 
7.7.1  Automatic calculation of the roll-over angles....................................................................... 140 
7.8  Defining the detonation ............................................................................................................ 141 
7.9  Defining the surface delay ....................................................................................................... 142 
7.10  Defining the drilling hole type .................................................................................................. 145 
8  METAMORPHIC- DRILLPLAN ......................................................................................................... 146 
8.1  Separate Face and Bottom profiles ......................................................................................... 147 

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8.2  Creation of drill plan ................................................................................................................. 148 

8.3  Selection of the profile ............................................................................................................. 149 
9  BOLT PLAN ...................................................................................................................................... 150 
9.1  Creating a new bolt plan .......................................................................................................... 151 
9.2  Windows related to bolt plan design ........................................................................................ 152 
9.2.1  Selecting the bolting fan to be edited .................................................................................. 152 
9.2.2  Handling bolting fans ........................................................................................................... 153 
9.2.3  Bolting fan parameters ........................................................................................................ 154 
9.2.4  Bolt plan lasers .................................................................................................................... 154 
9.2.5  Checking the bolt plan ......................................................................................................... 155 
9.2.6  Mirroring of bolt plan ............................................................................................................ 155 
9.2.7  Moving the bolt plan origin .................................................................................................. 156 
9.2.8  3D projection of the bolt plan............................................................................................... 157 
10  WORK PHASES IN DESIGN OF THE BOLT PLAN..................................................................... 158 
10.1  Defining a tunnel profile ........................................................................................................... 160 
10.2  Defining a bolting profile .......................................................................................................... 161 
10.3  Placing holes in the bolting profile ........................................................................................... 162 
10.3.1  Placement of holes using the position master property ...................................................... 162 
10.3.2  The Hole Generating Tool ................................................................................................... 163 
10.3.3  Position master hole properties ........................................................................................... 165 
10.4  Orienting the holes................................................................................................................... 166 
10.4.1  Direction master hole properties ......................................................................................... 167 
10.5  The bolt plan design window's context menu .......................................................................... 169 
10.6  Adding a laser to the bolt plan ................................................................................................. 170 
10.7  Exporting a bolt plan to the drilling rig ..................................................................................... 170 
11  PRINTING ...................................................................................................................................... 171 
11.1  Selecting data for printing ........................................................................................................ 172 
11.1.1  Printing the tunnel plan........................................................................................................ 173 
11.1.2  Printing a drill plan ............................................................................................................... 175 
11.1.3  Printing a bolt plan ............................................................................................................... 177 
11.2  Printing settings ....................................................................................................................... 181 
12  REPORTING .................................................................................................................................. 182 
12.1  Importing the data collection file to the tunnel project ............................................................. 183 
12.2  Opening an individual data collection file ................................................................................ 185 
12.3  Information of the data collection file ....................................................................................... 186 
12.3.1  Terminology ......................................................................................................................... 186 
12.3.2  ‘General’ tab ........................................................................................................................ 188 
12.3.3  ‘Navigation’ tab .................................................................................................................... 189 
12.3.4  ‘Drilling Efficiency’ tab ......................................................................................................... 190 
12.3.4.1  ‘General’ tab ............................................................................................................... 191 
12.3.4.2  ‘Round Time’ tab......................................................................................................... 192 
12.3.4.3  ‘Drilling Time’ tab ........................................................................................................ 193 
12.3.4.4  ‘Boom Movements’ tab ............................................................................................... 194 
12.3.5  ‘Hole Types’ tab ................................................................................................................... 195 
12.3.6  ‘Drift Drilling Holes’ tab ........................................................................................................ 195 
12.3.7  ‘Bolting Holes’ tab ................................................................................................................ 196 
12.3.8  Hole comments -tab ............................................................................................................ 197 
12.3.9  ‘Drill Steel Consumption’ tab ............................................................................................... 198 
12.3.10  Water loss measurement results tab .............................................................................. 199 
12.4  Plan view.................................................................................................................................. 200 
12.4.1  Hole selection methods ....................................................................................................... 202 
12.4.2  Planned and drilled holes on the blast plane ...................................................................... 203 
12.4.3  Planned and drilled holes on the navigation plane ............................................................. 204 
12.4.4  Sequences and roll-over angles on the navigation plane ................................................... 205 
12.5  MWD diagram .......................................................................................................................... 206 
12.5.1  MWD variables .................................................................................................................... 207 
12.5.2  Diagram axes ...................................................................................................................... 208 
12.5.3  Locking the grid cursor ........................................................................................................ 209 

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12.6  Exporting MWD data................................................................................................................ 210 

12.6.1  Exporting MWD data to a CSV file ...................................................................................... 210 
12.6.2  Exporting drill plan hole info to a CSV file ........................................................................... 210 
12.6.3  Exporting bolt plan hole info to a CSV file ........................................................................... 210 
12.6.4  Exporting MWD- data to IREDES file .................................................................................. 211 
12.7  Round report ............................................................................................................................ 212 
12.7.1  Round report selections ...................................................................................................... 212 
12.7.1.1  Opening the dialog box ............................................................................................... 212 
12.7.1.2  Making the selections ................................................................................................. 212 
12.7.2  Sub-selections for the categories ........................................................................................ 213 
12.7.2.1  Drilling efficiency settings ........................................................................................... 213 
12.7.2.2  Settings for planned and drilled holes ........................................................................ 213 
12.7.2.3  Settings for the bolting holes ...................................................................................... 214 
12.7.2.4  MWD settings ............................................................................................................. 215 
12.7.3  Generating a round report ................................................................................................... 215 
12.8  Showing the data collection files in the tunnel windows .......................................................... 216 
12.9  3D view of the data collection file ............................................................................................ 217 
12.9.1  Menu functions .................................................................................................................... 218 
12.9.2  MWD holes .......................................................................................................................... 219 
12.9.3  Selecting holes .................................................................................................................... 219 
12.9.4  MWD view controls .............................................................................................................. 220 
12.9.5  Coordinate point .................................................................................................................. 221 
12.10  Pull out analysis ....................................................................................................................... 222 
13  GEOSURE ..................................................................................................................................... 227 
13.1  General introduction ................................................................................................................ 228 
13.2  Purpose, core features and intended users of geoSURE ....................................................... 229 
13.3  Descriptions of MWD-analysis variables ................................................................................. 231 
13.3.1  Further information regarding analysis variables ................................................................ 232 
13.4  MWD-logging, onboard computation ....................................................................................... 234 
13.5  System properties and analysis principles .............................................................................. 235 
13.6  Visualizations ........................................................................................................................... 236 
13.6.1  Planar view (2D) .................................................................................................................. 236 
13.6.2  Structural view (3D) ............................................................................................................. 238 
13.7  User interface – fundamentals ................................................................................................. 241 
13.8  Structural view (3D) ............................................................................................................... 248 
13.8.1  Structural view with MWD holes ...................................................................................... 251 
13.8.2  Structural view with plane intersections and isocurves ............................................... 252 
13.8.3  Structural view with continuous isosurfaces ................................................................. 253 
13.8.4  Structural view with isosurface wireframe ........................................................................... 254 
13.8.5  Layered planes view ......................................................................................................... 255 
13.8.6  Options menu ...................................................................................................................... 256 
13.9  Geological interpretation .......................................................................................................... 260 
13.9.1  Case study........................................................................................................................... 261 
13.10  Data handling, storage, forwarding and ownership ................................................................. 263 
13.11  Performance tips ...................................................................................................................... 264 
13.11.1  General ........................................................................................................................... 264 
13.12  Calibration ................................................................................................................................ 266 
13.13  Technical support .................................................................................................................... 267 
APPENDIX B: Error processing ............................................................................................................ 270 

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1 SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION

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1.1 Purpose of the software

The iSURE (intelligent Sandvik Underground Rock Excavation) software can be used to
design either individual tunnels or tunnel systems consisting of several tunnels. The soft-
ware can also be used to design tunnel profiles, drill plans, bolt plans, lasers, and pre-
filled navigations. The user can also design individual tunnel profiles, drill plans, and bolt
plans. Drill plans are designed either on the blast plane or on the navigation plane.

The software can be used to create files from the tunnel plan and drill plan for an i-series
drilling rig.

Drill plans created via the Sandvik Visual Tunnel software can be transformed by means
of the iSURE software such that they can be used on i-series jumbos.

The iSURE software can be used to view data collection files collected by the i-series
drilling rig, and to create a round-specific report in MS Word® format.

TCAD/TDATA drill plans and curve tables can be created with iSURE. iSURE can also be
used to read and analyze TCAD/TDATA data collection files. However the data logging
capabilities of these machines are somewhat restricted compared to iSeries rigs.

Due to the nature of blasting and excavation work, Sandvik is not responsible for
the viability of plans created with this software.

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1.2 Installation and hardware requirements

The iSURE software is installed by running the setup.exe file supplied on the installation
CD-ROM. Executing the installation requires administrator rights. The user must accept
the software user agreement terms and conditions before installing the software. The
setup program adds the necessary files to the directory defined by the user. The setup
program can also be used to update or remove the software.

The iSURE software requires the following libraries:

 Microsoft .NET Framework 4 SP1 (or more recent)

If the required libraries are not installed on the workstation, the setup program provides
instructions for their installation.

The software has been tested with the Windows XP (SP 3), Windows 7 and Windows 8.1
operating systems. The round report creation has been tested with Office 2000, 2003,
and 2007.

Acrobat Reader 7.0 (or later) is required for opening help files from application menu.

Recommended hardware installation:

 Intel Core i5-3XXX processor or newer
 3D graphics accelerator with OpenGL support
 Minimum display resolution of 1680*1050
 8 GB internal memory
 Keyboard and mouse with scroll wheel

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1.3 Starting and closing the program

The iSURE program is started via the Windows Start -> Programs menu or the iSURE
icon on the desktop. The program can also be started by opening the project, tunnel plan,
profile, drill plan, bolt plan, or data collection file in the Windows file management.

Use of the software requires a USB protection key (dongle). The protection key has been
specified to indicate which of the following additional features are in use:

 iSURE TUNNEL: TUNNEL

 iSURE REPORT: REPORTING
 iSURE ANALYSIS: ANALYSIS
 iSURE BOLTING: BOLTING
 iSURE METAMORPHIC: Drill plan with different face and bottom profile
 geoSURE: Rock mass visualization and reporting tools

The additional features in use can be seen in the window ‛About iSURE’. ISURE
METAMORPHIC feature is always delivered with iSURE TUNNEL version.

Full use of geoSURE features require a separate HW setup on drill rigs.

You can close the software via the main menu, by using File -> Exit or the other closing
options of the Windows system: ALT + F4 or the X button on the application window.

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2 USER INTERFACE

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2.1 Main Window

The main window of the user interface consists of the main menu, tool buttons, a status
line, and several sub-windows. The name of the file to be edited in the active sub-
window is displayed on the Main Window’s title bar.
The user can edit the application user interface by moving the sub-windows to the de-
sired place in the Main Window. Detaching the sub-window from the Main Window is
performed by double-clicking the sub-window’s headline. Then the sub-window can be
moved and anchored to different places in the Main Window.
Main menu

Toolbar buttons

Sub-window (design of the drill plan)

Sub-window (3D
window)

Sub-window (Project
Explorer)

Sub-window (Properties)

Status bar
Sub-window (momentary
explosion calculation)

Figure 1 Application user interface

There is a tooltip in many components of the user interface which provide information
about the set values and button functions.

Figure 2 An example of a tooltip

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2.1.1 Main menu

Main menu of the application changes in accordance with the active sub-window. The
main window may be used for the following functions:
 File
o New ->
 Tunnel Project... Creates a new tunnel project.
 Tunnel Plan... Creates an individual tunnel plan.
 Theoretical Profile Creates an individual tunnel profile.
 Drill Plan (Blast plane): Designs an individual drill plan on the blast
plane.
 Drill Plan (Navigation plane): Designs an individual drill plan on the
navigation plane.
 Bolt Plan: Designs an individual bolt plan.
o Open: Opens an individual file. The options are drill plans (*.drp), bolt plans
(*.bop), tunnel profiles (*.profile), tunnel plans (*.tunnelplan), tunnel project
files (*.isureproj), and data collection files (*.dcl and *.zda).
o Close: Closing the active window.
o Add New Item to Project: Adds a new entity to the tunnel project.
 Navigation Set: Pre-filled navigation.
 Tunnel Plan: Tunnel plan.
o Add Existing Item to Project...: Adds an entity selected from the file to the
tunnel project.
o Add New Item: Adds a drill plan, bolt plan, and pre-filled navigation to the
tunnel plan selected from the project tree (Project Explorer).
o Open Project...: Opens an iSURE tunnel project file (*.isureproj).
o Close Project: Closes the tunnel project.
o Save Project: Saves a tunnel project in the default directory.
o Save: Saves the active entity in the default directory.
o Save as...: Saves the active profile, drill plan, bolt plan, or data collection file
with a new name in the selected directory.
o Save All: Saves all edited files that are open.
o Import -> Design Data from Drill Plan...: Imports the tables related to the
drill plan design from the selected drill plan into the active drill plan. See
chapter Importing design parameter tables (File -> Import -> Design Data
from Drill Plan)
o Import -> Sequence and Roll-over Data from Data Collection...: Imports
the sequences and roll-over angles from a selected data collection file to the
active drill plan. See chapter 7.6.3
o Export -> Active Item to DXF... Exports active profile, drill plan, bolt plan or
data collection to a DXF picture. DXF picture will be in ascii-format and sup-
ports version 12.
Note: Z and Y axels change place in DXF-picture and drill plan to support 2D presen-
tation as well.

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o Generate Round Report: Generates a round report in MS Word® format

from the selected data collection file.
o Generate Drill Rig File... Converts and saves the active drill plan, bolt plan
or tunnel plan in the format for transfer to the drilling rig. Prior saving, the
plan is cross-checked. The format selections are Sandvik 11.0 (*.dp) and
TCAD/TDATA Jumbo file (*.tpl)
 Rig 1: Importing the drill plan to rig 1. The rig ID is added to the
transferred file name. The sub-menu is active, if more than one rig is
added to the drill plan.
 Rig 2: Importing the drill plan to rig 2…

o Attach Data Collections to Tunnel Plan... Attaches data collection files to
the selected tunnel plan.
o Print: Prints the tunnel plan, bolt plan, or drill plan.
o Data Collection Information: Displays the data collection file content.
o Project / Tunnel Plan / Drill Plan / Bolt Plan / Data Collection Infor-
mation: Opens the tunnel project, tunnel plan, drill plan, bolt plan, or data
collection information.
o Recent Projects: Opens a list of recently processed tunnel projects, from
which the desired project can be opened.
o Exit: Closes the application.

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 Edit:
o Undo ‘Function description’: Undoes a recently performed function.
o Command History: Shows the command history and undoes the desired
commands. Note: Saving the file removes the command history related to
the file.
o Cut: Cuts the selected object(s).
o Copy: Copies the selected object(s) to the clipboard.
o Paste: Pastes the contents of the clipboard onto the active window.
o Rename: Changes the name of an entity selected from Project Explorer.
o Select Group: Selects the holes of a hole group in the active drill plan de-
sign window.
o Select All: Selects all objects in the active window.
o Find Hole…: Finds the hole according to the hole ID. The tool's drop-down
menu lists the hole ID's on the active design window.
o Properties: Presents the properties of the selected entity.
 View:
o View Full Screen: Opens the application in full-screen mode.
o Project Explorer: Opens the Project Explorer view.
o Properties window: Opens the properties view of the selected object(s).

 Tools:
o Convert PLA: Converts the selected *.pla drill plan into Sandvik 11.0 format.
o Options...: Sets the application’s operational parameters.
 Help
o About...: Gives information about the application, version numbers of the
Plug In components, and the available options.
o Help Guide...: Instructions for the active planning phase when you are plan-
ning the drill plan.

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2.1.2 Toolbar

The toolbar in the Main Window contains buttons for the following functions which can al-
so be performed via the Main Window menu or project tree.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Figure 3 The main window toolbar

1. Opens an individual file (File -> Open).

2. Saves the selected entity in the default directory (File -> Save).
3. Saves all edited files (File -> Save All).
4. ‘Cut’ function (keyboard: Ctrl + X)
5. ‘Copy’ function (keyboard: Ctrl + C)
6. ‘Paste’ function (keyboard: Ctrl + V)
7. ‘Delete’ function (keyboard: Delete)
8. Undoes the most recent function (keyboard: Ctrl + Z)
9. Selects a tunnel plan. The various tunnel plan displays are opened with buttons 11-
15.
10. Shows the tunnel plan details.
11. Curve table.
12. Lasers.
13. Presents the tunnel profile with the selected peg number.
14. Presents the intersection point of the lasers with the selected peg number.
15. 3D view.
16. XY projection.
17. Z/peg graph.
18. G (camber angle) graph.

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2.1.3 Window modes

The mode of the drill plan design window can be selected with the following toolbar but-
tons or in the context menu.

1 2 3 4 5
Figure 4 Toolbar buttons

1. Select and Move: Mode for selecting objects (profile element, element node, hole,
hole distance) and possibly moving them with the mouse. The mode can also be selected
with the Esc key.

2. PAN: Mode for moving the view laterally with the left mouse button pressed. The func-
tion can be operated with the arrow keys and with the right mouse button pressed.

3. Zoom: Mode for selecting the view of the specific area with the mouse.

4. Zoom in: Mode for zooming-in the view (also works with the mouse roller and ‘+’
key).

5. Zoom out: Mode for zooming-out the view (operates also with the mouse roller and
'–' key).

2.1.4 Context menu

The context menu can be used to easily perform the same functions as in the main win-
dow menu. The context menu is opened by pressing the right mouse button. Its contents
depend on the active window and whether holes are selected or not.

Figure 5 Context menu

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2.2 Sub-windows

2.2.1 Project Explorer

The window contains the tunnel project and tunnel plan as a tree structure consisting of
the following entities:

 Tunnel project.
o Tunnel plan.
 Curve Table: Curve table related to the tunnel plan.
 Lasers: Laser table related to the tunnel plan.
 Profiles: Profiles related to the tunnel plan.
 Drill Plans: Drill plans related to the tunnel plan.
 Bolt Plans: Bolt plans related to the tunnel plan.
 Data Collections: Data collection files.
 Related Files: Files related to the tunnel plan. The folder can
contain all types of files, such as photographs.
o Navigation Sets: Pre-filled navigations related to the tunnel project.

Figure 6 Project explorer

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New or previously created tunnel plans or pre-filled navigations can be added to the tun-
nel project. Adding of new entities is performed from the main window menu File -> Add
New Item to Project -> Navigation Set or Tunnel Plan. To add previously created tunnel
plans to the project, perform File -> Add Existing Item to Project in the main menu. These
functions can also be performed in the context menu of the Project Explorer view. The
project tree is updated as it is added to.

The context menu of Project Explorer can be used to perform the following functions, de-
pending on the selected folder:
- Open: Opens the selected entity in the design window. This function can also be per-
formed by double-clicking.
- Project / Tunnel Plan / Drill Plan / Bolt Plan / Data Collection Information: Opens
the tunnel project, tunnel plan, drill plan, bolt plan, or data collection information.
- Add New Item: Adds a new entity to the selected folder.
- Import Data Collection Information: Imports the data collection file to the tunnel
project.
- Import Data Collection into Tunnel Plan...: Imports the data collection files into the
tunnel plan selected in the project tree.
- Add Existing Item...: Adds a selected entity from the file to the selected folder.
- Add New Folder: Creates sub-folders in the Profiles, Drill Plans, Bolt Plans, Data
Collections, and Related Files folders.
- Compress to a Zip-file: Compressing the tunnel project or tunnel plan files into a
zip-file.
- Save: Saves the selected entity in the default directory.
- Generate Drill Rig File...: Converts and saves the selected tunnel plan, drill plan or
bolting plan in the format for transfer to the drilling rig.
o Rig 1: Importing the drill plan to rig 1. The rig ID is added to the transferred
file name. The sub-menu is active, if more than one rig is added to the drill
plan.
o Rig 2: Importing the drill plan to rig 2…
- Generate Drill Rig Files from all Items: Converts and saves the selected tunnel
plan and data attached to it (tunnel line, drill plans and bolt plans) in the format for
transfer to the drilling rig. All tunnel line sub-levels that are to be transferred to the rig
will be converted and saved.
- Export as DXF file: Exports the selected drill plan, bolt plan or data collection as a
DXF file. The DXF file version is 12, and the file is in ASCII format.
- Generate Round Report…: Generates a round report in MS Word® format from the
selected data collection file.
- Export as MWD data *.csv file… : Exports MWD data as a ‛CSV’ file.
- Export face-drilling hole data as a *.csv file…: Exports face-drilling hole data in a
bolt plan to a CSV file.
- Export bolting hole data as a *.csv file…: Exports bolting hole data in a ‛CSV’ file.
- View 3D: Presents the selected entity in 3D format.
- View X-Y Projection: Presents the selected entity as an X-Y projection.
- View Z-PEG Projection: Presents the selected entity's Z coordinate graph in relation
to the peg number.

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- View Camber: Presents the tunnel's inclination angle graph in relation to the peg
number.
- Cut: Cuts the selected file.
- Copy: Copies the selected file.
- Paste: Pastes the copied or cut file.
- Delete: Deletes the selected entity.
- Rename: Changes name of the selected entity.
- Create Drill Plan (blast or navigation plane): Creates a new drill plan from a profile
or drill plan in the project tree.
- Create Bolt Plan: Creates a new bolt plan from a profile or drill plan in Project Ex-
plorer.
- Properties: Presents the properties of the selected entity.
- Set as Viewpoint: Moves the camera to the curve table peg number in the tunnel
project and design view.

The files in the tunnel project are saved by default in the file structure that follows the
structure of the project tree. The following entities are saved with their own files:
- The tunnel project (*.isureproj) contains the basic information and pre-filled naviga-
tion sets of the tunnel project.
- The tunnel plan (*.tunnelplan) contains basic information of the tunnel plan, curve ta-
ble, lasers, and information about the profiles and drill plans defined for the curve ta-
ble points.
- Tunnel profile (*.profile)
- Drill plan (*.drp)
- Bolt plan (*.bop)
- Data collection file (*.dcl)
.

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2.2.2 Properties

This window shows the properties of the entity selected from the tunnel project tree or
design window. The selected property can be changed if it is not specifically blocked. The
change function is blocked for the properties displayed on a gray background.

Figure 7 Properties menu

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2.2.3 Graphical representation of the tunnel profile

The ‘Profile View’ window is opened by means of the toolbar button or Project Explorer's
context menu selection Show Profile View . The Profile View window is used to present
the tunnel profile defined for the desired peg number. The tunnel profile is presented with
camber, lasers, and pivot point. The following information is presented in the window:

 PEG: The peg number with which the tunnel profile is presented in the window. En-
ter the value in the field or set it with the slide control at the bottom of the window.
Use the arrows to move to the previous or next peg number.
 Drill Plan length: Length of the plan that is used to calculate the lasers presented
with the profile. Note! Calculation of the laser intersection point requires that a value
must be set.
 Direction in tunnel: The tunnel direction based on the PEG numbers:
- Increasing PEG numbers: Tunnel's excavation direction is from the small
peg numbers toward the larger ones.
- Decreasing PEG numbers: Tunnel's excavation direction is from the large
peg numbers toward the smaller ones.
 Camber: Tunnel camber for the given peg number. The camber direction is indicat-
ed with an arrow.
 Profile: Name of the theoretical tunnel profile for the given peg number.
 Pivot Point: Location of the pivot point in the coordinates of the site and drill plan.
 Lasers: The lasers cutting the profile for the given peg number and their information
(X and Z location in the drill plan coordinates, u and v cutting angles).

Figure 8 Graphical presentation of the tunnel profile

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2.2.4 Presenting the laser intersection points

The Laser Intersection window is used to present the intersection point data of the tunnel
lasers for a specific peg number. The window can be opened from the View -> Laser In-
tersection menu in the main window or with the toolbar button. The following information
is presented in the window:
 Drill plan length: The length of the drill plan used in calculation of the laser intersec-
tion point. Note! Calculation of the laser intersection point requires that a value must
be set.
 Direction in tunnel: The tunnel direction based on the PEG numbers:
- Increasing PEG numbers: Tunnel's excavation direction is from the small
peg numbers toward the larger ones.
- Decreasing PEG numbers: Tunnel's excavation direction is from the large
peg numbers toward the smaller ones.
 Printing criterion: Selects the peg numbers to be added to the table.
- Curve Table rows: The peg numbers in the curve table.
- Selected interval: The selected peg number range.
 Start PEG: The first peg number in the selection.
 Step: Step in the selection.
 End PEG: The last peg number in the selection.
- Selected PEGs: Individual peg numbers.

The table data will be updated with the ‘Refresh’ button. The peg numbers selected for
the table are presented when printing the tunnel plan and choosing to print the laser in-
tersection points.

Figure 9 Presenting the laser intersection points

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2.2.5 Graphical representation of the tunnel camber

The graphical representation of the tunnel camber is performed with the ‘Camber View’
window, which is opened with the toolbar button or by selecting the tunnel plan from Pro-
ject Explorer and performing the ‘View Camber’ function.

The window can be used to present the tunnel camber in degrees in accordance with the

peg numbers.

Figure 10 Graphical representation of the tunnel camber

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2.3 Operational parameters

The operational parameters of the application are entered in the ‘Options’ window, which
can be opened from the Tools -> Options menu in the main window. The tree structure in
the window represents the operational parameter groups. After selecting a group, the
corresponding parameters are presented in the window.

The following operational parameters can be set in the window:

 Common
o Language: Selects the application user interface language and number
format. The drop-down menu lists the supported languages with the number
format in parentheses. The new language selection will come into effect after
restarting of the program.
o Edit: In the design windows, sets the snap spacing, the color for the selected
hole, and the size of the text displayed with the holes.
o Logo: Selects the logo for the printout title.
o Rig: Selects the color for presenting the drilling sequence and the drilling
rig.
o Printing Fonts: Selects the fonts and font sizes for printouts.
 Designing a Drill Plan
o Hole Type Colors: Selects the color of the hole symbols in accordance with
the hole type to be presented in the drill plan design window.
o Layer Colors: Sets the color for symbols to be displayed in the layers.
o Auxiliary Profile Style: Selects the color and line type of the auxiliary pro-
files presented in the drill plan’s design window.
o Blast Plane Design Filters:
Selects the representation of the auxiliary profiles in the drill plan’s design
window in work stages 2–8 in blast plane design.
o Navigation Plane Design Filters:
Selects the representation of the auxiliary profiles in the drill plan’s design
window in work stages 2–8 in navigation plane design.

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 Bolt Plan Design

o Fan Color: Selects the color for fan holes and profile displayed in the design
window and 3D view.
 Tunnel plan
o Curve table
 Max Row Distance [m]: The maximum distance of the curve table
points in meters.
 Max PEG Error [m]: The maximum difference between the peg
number calculated with the curve table X/Y coordinates and the set
peg number.
o Tunnel 2D / 3D Views: Properties of the graphical displays.
 Profile Drawing Distance [m]: Distance between the profiles
drawn on the tunnel line in meters.
 Curve Smooth Spacing: Detail level of the tunnel line. Distance of
two successive points along the tunnel line as a fraction line drawn in
accordance with the curve table. The smaller the value, the closer
the fraction line is to a circular arch.
If the tunnel plan's 3D view presents tunnel line ‛scaling’, this can be
eliminated by increasing the value.

Figure 11 3-D view of the tunnel plan

 Grid size: The grid scale, i.e., the distance of two grid lines from
each other.
 Max. Grid Size: The maximum size of the grid. The size of the grid
covers the tunnel or is at maximum = (2 * the value of this option) ^2
square meters. Example: at value 100, the grid covers a maximum
area of (–100, –100) – (100, 100). In the display, the setting can be
overridden with the ‘Auto scale grid’ function.
 Mouse: The mouse speed in the pan, rotate, and move functions of
the 2D/3D views.
 Keyboard: The keyboard speed in the pan, rotate, and move func-
tions of the 2D/3D views.
 Turn Mouse: Effect of mouse up/down movement on camera
up/down movement:
selected = mouse forward -> camera points downward (airplane

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steering)
not selected = mouse forward -> camera points upward
 Coordinate Axel Directions: The user can select the default aim-
ing of the 3D and 2D displays
by rotating the coordinate system to the desired position
with the mouse. The procedure can be performed separately for
left-handed and right-handed coordinate systems.

 Reporting: Operational parameters for reporting.

o Tolerances: Tolerance settings, used when evaluating the accuracy of the
drilled hole (for more information, refer to 2.3.1).
o Colors: The colors of the planned and drilled holes.
o Printing: Settings used for printing reports.

The application applies the set parameters after pressing the OK button. At the same
time, the parameters are saved in the iSURE.ini file, where they are read when the appli-
cation is started. The default directory of the iSURE.ini file is
C:\Documents and Settings\user\Application Data\iSURE\iSURE.ini or
C:\Users\user\AppData\Roaming\iSURE\iSURE.ini (Vista operating system)

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2.3.1 Hole realization tolerances

The Planned and Realized Holes table shows data on whether or not the hole was drilled
in accordance with the plan. The following review-related tolerances are specified in the
operational parameters (Reporting – Tolerances):
o Tolerance Cylinder Radius: cylinder radius r in meters
o Depth Tolerance: depth tolerance (tolerance of the end point Y coordinate)
in meters
o Tolerance of the Roll-over Angle: tolerance of the roll-over angle in de-
grees

NAV

Figure 12 Hole realization tolerances

The planned hole is indicated by the black dashed line and the drilled hole by the blue
line. In the figure, the drilled hole is within the tolerances, i.e., the end points are inside
the cylinder.

The cylinder review is specified as an endless cylinder inside which the hole end points
must be. The cylinder direction is determined by the planned alpha and beta angles. The
idea of the cylinder review is that the realized alpha and beta angles can be anything as
long as the hole fits the bottom profile.

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3 TUNNEL PROJECT

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3.1 Directory structure

The iSURE project consists of files located in the Windows directory structure. The direc-
tory structure follows the tree structure of the project tree. Directories corresponding to
each tunnel plan are created under the tunnel project directory. These directories con-
tain, e.g., data collection, tunnel profile, drill plan and bolt plan files as individual files.

Figure 13 Directory structure

Note! Opening an individual tunnel project (*.isureproj) or tunnel plan (*.tunnelplan) file
requires the existence of a directory structure. For this reason, the whole directory struc-
ture with all files must be copied when copying the tunnel project and plan.
Sending the complete tunnel project or plan as an e-mail attachment can be done by
compressing the directory structure into a single file. Compression can be done by se-
lecting the tunnel project or plan from the project explorer and running the ‘Compress as
Zip-file’ function.

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3.2 Creating a new tunnel project

A tunnel project is an entity used to tie together the tunnels located in the same coordi-
nate system. A tunnel project also contains the pre-filled navigations related to the tunnel
plans. Only one tunnel project can be open at a time.

A new tunnel project is created by selecting File-> New-> Tunnel project in the main
menu. The displayed dialogue is used to define the name and default directory of the
tunnel project. This information is used to create a folder in which the files related to the
project are saved in the project tree.

Figure 14 Creating a new tunnel project

After closing the window, a window for defining the tunnel project information is opened.

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Figure 15 Defining the tunnel project information

The following information is defined for the tunnel project:

 Name: The tunnel project name is the same as the folder name. The tunnel project
name can be changed via the project tree using the ‘Rename’ function.
 Author: Author of the tunnel project.
 Comment: Comment related to the tunnel project.
 Project Coordinate System
o Name: Name of the project coordinate system.
o X, Y and Z axis names
o Right-/left-handed: The handedness of the project coordinate system
 New Note: Free-form description that the user can write regarding editing of a tunnel
project.
 History: The field represents the tunnel project edition history complete with date and
identification of the user logged in the workstation.
The edition history data can be browsed with the arrow buttons.

The window representing the tunnel project information can be opened by selecting a
tunnel project in the Project Explorer and performing the ‘Project Information’ function in
the ‘Context’ menu or in the main menu’s ‘File’ menu.

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3.3 Creating a pre-filled navigation

A pre-filled navigation is used for making navigation on the jumbo easier, because a part
of the information needed for navigating is already filled at the office.

A new pre-filled navigation is created by selecting File -> Add New Item to Project ->
Navigation Set in the main window, or by selecting the Navigation Sets folder in Project
Explorer and performing Add New Item... -> Navigation Set. The information of the pre-
filled navigation is set in the opened window.

Figure 16 Creating a pre-filled navigation

The following information is defined in the Navigation Set window:
 Navigation set name: Name of the pre-filled navigation.
 Tunnel plan: File name of the tunnel plan. Names of the tunnel plans attached to the
tunnel project are presented in the drop-down menu.
 Drill plan: File name of the drill plan in the tunnel plan. Names of the drill plans at-
tached to the tunnel plan are presented in the drop-down menu.
 Bolt plan: File name of the bolt plan in the tunnel plan. Names of the bolt plans at-
tached to the tunnel plan are presented in the drop-down menu.
 Laser: Identifier of the tunnel laser. Names of the lasers attached to the tunnel pro-
ject are presented in the drop-down menu.
 Navigation method: Navigation method; the options are laser and tachymeter.
 Direction in tunnel: Tunnel direction; the options are ascending and descending.
 Comment: Comment related to the pre-filled navigation.

To open the pre-filled navigation in the tunnel project in the window, select a pre-filled
navigation in Project Explorer and press the Information function in the displayed menu
with the right mouse button.

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4 TUNNEL PLAN

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4.1 Creating a tunnel plan

The tunnel plan corresponds to a tunnel that includes one curve table and the attached
profiles and drill plans. In addition to the curve table, the lasers and information about
profiles defined for the curve table points are saved in the tunnel plan file.

A new tunnel plan that is separate from the tunnel project can be created by selecting
File -> New -> Tunnel plan.... in the main menu. The directory and name of the tunnel
plan are set in the same way as for the tunnel project.
A new tunnel plan for an open tunnel project is created by selecting Add New Item to
Project -> Tunnel Plan in the main menu or in the context menu.

Information connected with the tunnel plan can be entered in the displayed window. To
open the window later, select the tunnel plan in Project Explorer and click the ‘Tunnel
Plan Information’ function.

A separate tunnel plan that is not part of a tunnel project can be closed by selecting ->
File -> Close from the main menu or Close from the context menu.

4.1.1 Information – General tunnel plan information

Figure 17 General tunnel plan information

 Plan name: The tunnel plan name is the same as the folder name. The name can be
changed via Project Explorer by means of the ‘Rename’ function.
 Author: Author of the tunnel plan.
 Construction site: The site of the construction work. Is copied to the drill plans cre-
ated under the tunnel plan.
 Customer
 Constructor
 Comments: Comment related to the tunnel plan.

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 New note: User’s free-form description of tunnel plan editing, which is moved to the
‘History’ field.
 History: The field presents the tunnel plan edition history together with date and
identification of the user logged in the workstation.
The edition history data can be browsed with the arrow buttons.

4.1.2 Coordinate system

Figure 18 Creating the tunnel plan coordinate system

The tunnel plans in a tunnel project use the tunnel project's coordinate system. In the
tunnel plan, the coordinate system cannot be changed.

Coordinates of an individual tunnel plan (separate from the tunnel project) can be defined
using the following information.

 Name
 Axis names
 Coordinate handedness

Only tunnel plans with the same coordinate system (same names and handedness of the
coordinates and axes) can be attached to the tunnel project.

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4.1.3 Pivot Point

Figure 19 Pivot point

Drill plans are tilted in relation to a pivot point. The location of the pivot point is deter-
mined by the distances to the tunnel line and drill plan origin.

 Site Xs and Zs: The X and Z coordinates of the pivot point in the drilling site coordi-
nates – i.e., the distance to the tunnel line.
 Drill Plan Xd and Zd: The X and Z coordinates of the pivot point in the drill plan co-
ordinates – i.e., the distance to the drill plan origin

4.1.4 Profile in PEG range – attaching profiles to a peg

number range

Figure 20 Attaching profiles to a peg number range

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This tab is used to set the theoretical tunnel profiles used in the curve table points of the
tunnel plan. To set the profiles, select a profile and define a peg number range in which
the profile is to be applied. Peg number range changes can be defined for the same peg
number. In that case, the peg number uses the profile that is defined under Start PEG.
After definition, the profiles are drawn in the graphical representation of the tunnel plan.
When Interpolate is selected as the profile, the program uses interpolation to create tun-
nel profiles between the two peg number ranges.

 Profile: Selection of profile to be attached to the tunnel line. The names of the pro-
files attached to the tunnel project are presented in the drop-down menu. The Inter-
polate option can be used to define the profile interpolation between the two profiles.
Interpolation start and end profile should hold same number of nodes and intermedi-
ate elements should have same type (arc or line). Counter-elements (e.g. base) must
be set for the profiles before interpolation.
 Start PEG: Selecting the start of the peg number range. The available peg numbers
of the curve table are presented in the drop-down menu.
 End PEG: Selecting the end of the peg number range. The available peg numbers
of the curve table are presented in the drop-down menu.
 Add: Attaching the profile’s peg number range to the table.
 Delete: Deleting selected line(s) from the table. Can also be performed with the ‘De-
lete’ button.

After pressing the ‘OK’ button, the following checks are performed for the table: that the
line data is correctly individualized, that the peg number ranges do not overlap, that the
start and end profiles of the interpolated area have been defined. After the checks, any
incorrect lines are highlighted, and an error description is displayed.

The profiles set in the window in the tunnel line are shown in the 3D and XY presenta-
tions.

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4.2 Curve table

The curve table of the tunnel plan is presented in the ‘Curve Table’ window, which is
opened with the toolbar buttons or by selecting the curve table of the tunnel plan from
Project Explorer and clicking Open. The curve table can also be opened by double-
clicking the curve table icon in the project tree.

Figure 21 Curve table window

The following functions can be performed with the window buttons:

 Apply: Accepts the curve table lines. After pressing the button, the changes imple-
mented in the curve table are updated in other displays.
 Check: Checking the curve table lines. The checking accuracy can be defined with
the operational parameters.
 Add: Adds an individual line to the curve table. A new line is created above the line
selected in the curve table.
 Del...: Deletes lines in a group. The peg number of the first line to be deleted and
the distance of the peg numbers in the lines to be deleted are requested in a sepa-
rate dialogue.
 Generate...: Generates rows in the curve table. See 4.2.1.
 PEG...: Generates peg numbers in curve table lines. The peg number of the first line
and the distance of the peg number values to be generated are requested in a sepa-
rate dialogue. The function changes the peg numbers of the entire curve table on the
basis of the values set in the window. When using the function, note that it changes
only the peg numbers and not the location of the curve table points. The peg num-
bers to be generated must correspond to the location of the curve table points.
 G int.: Generates the camber by interpolating for the selected lines or values. Oper-
ation of the tool:
o Select the angle values or curve table lines to be interpolated.

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Figure 22 Selecting the angle values for interpolation

o Press the ‘G int’ button, and the angle values are generated by interpolation
between the first and last values of the selection.

 Import...: Imports a curve table from a text- or LandXML- file. See 4.2.2 for further
notice.
The arrow buttons can be used to browse the faulty lines detected during the inspection.
Editing the curve table is possible only if the user specifically accepts it. The row edited
by the user is displayed in red until the changes are inspected via the ‘Check’ button. Af-
ter the inspection, the curve table rows are presented in the order determined by the peg
number. The curve table rows are also checked after pressing the ‘Apply’ button. Only a
checked curve table can be saved in the tunnel plan.

The following checks are performed in the curve table:

 The same peg number cannot exist in several lines.
 The difference between peg numbers in successive lines must be smaller than the
set maximum value. The maximum value can be set in the application settings: Tools
-> Options... -> Tunnel Plan -> Max Row Distance.
 The difference between peg numbers in successive lines and calculated X/Y coordi-
nates must be smaller than the set maximum value. The maximum value can be set
in the application settings: Tools-> Options... -> Tunnel Plan -> Max PEG Error.
 The following mandatory information must exist in the lines: peg number, X, Y, and Z.
An empty Camber value is interpreted as zero.

Note: Aligning the drill plan on the drilling rig requires that a curve table point have been
defined both before and after the drill plan. This is why a point should be defined in the
curve table before the first drill plan and after the last drill plan.

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4.2.1 Generating rows in the curve table

The curve table row generation tool is opened with the Generate- button. The button is
active if one or two rows are selected in the table. The first selected row is used as the
starting point in the calculation of the interval points. Generating holes is performed up to
the possibly selected second row. The Generate button opens a dialog box where the
user can enter the required parameters for calculating the interval points.

Figure 23 Generating rows in the curve table

- Line: Generates a straight tunnel line.

- Curve: Generates a curved tunnel line.
- First Peg: Starting point for hole generation. The row contains the information of the
first row selected from the curve table. The information cannot be edited.
- Last Peg: Ending point for hole generation. The row shows the information of the
second row possibly selected from the curve table. If another row has not been se-
lected from the curve table, then the information concerning row X, Y, and Z should
be entered. The peg number for the row is calculated automatically.
- Peg Distance [m]: The frequency of the peg numbers for the rows to be generated
- Radius [m]: Curve radius
- Curve - Left/Right: The curve is formed on this direction.
- Route – Short/Long: The curve route either along the short or long way. The angle
of the short curve is smaller than 180°, and the angle of the long curve is larger than
180°.

When the Generate button is pressed, the application calculates the curve table points
according to the given parameters.

The values in the table are added to the curve table by pressing OK.

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4.2.2 Tunnel Line- import wizard function

With this functionality the curve table points are imported from the selected text file or are
generated from the LandXML-file. The function is performed with the curve table win-
dow's Import button. The displayed window can be used for performing the following
functions:
 Cancel: Cancels the function.
 Previous: Moves to the previous item.
 Next: Moves to the next item.
 Finish: Accepts the curve table and closes the window.

 Opening and viewing of text or LandXML-file

Figure 24 Text import wizard

 Browse: Browse selects the text- or LandXML-file. After the selection, file content is
shown in preview- window

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4.2.2.1 Importing Tunnel Line from a text file

 Selecting the delimiter and deleting the title line

Figure 25 Selecting the delimiter and deleting the title line

 Field separator marks: Selecting the field separators used in the text file. The op-
tions are ‘Tab’, ‘Comma’, ‘Semicolon’, ‘Space’, own selection, or all of these. After
selecting the delimiter, the file information is presented in the table.
 Thousand: Sets the thousand delimiter.
 Decimal: Sets the decimal delimiter. The thousand and decimal delimiters cannot be
the same.
 First row contains headers: Deletes a possible title line. The background of the
deleted line is shown in gray.
 Move column data: Moves the information of the selected column to the left or
right. Select the column with the mouse.
Accept the table data with the OK- button. Check in the table that the fields in columns
PEG, X, Y, Z, C either contain numbers only or are empty. If the fields in these columns
contain characters the field is displayed with a red background.
If any information defined for the table is missing from the text file, the missing columns
can be replaced with an empty ‘Extra’ column dragged from the right-hand edge of the
table

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4.2.2.2 Importing Tunnel Line from a LandXML- file

After selecting LandXML-file, user can select the tunnel line, where the tunnel line points
will be generated. LandXML-file can include several different tunnel lines each having a
different name.

Figure 26 Setting the tunnel line and distance between pegs

During the import following data will be selected:

 Tunnel Line: Line is selected from a pull down list
 Distance between pegs: The distance between generated tunnel line points. Value
can be set in area of 0,5-5,0m

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4.2.3 Export curve table to text

Curve table points can be exported to text file from project explorer by opening tunnel
plan or curve table context menu and selecting Export curve table to text (tab delimited).
Content of peg, coordinates, camber and note columns is saved to file where each field
is separated by tabular character

4.2.4 Copying a curve table from Excel

A curve table can be copied directly from Excel as follows:

Select the curve table rows in Excel (all rows can be selected by pressing Ctrl + A) and
perform the Copy function (Ctrl + C).
Note: The columns must be in the correct order and in the number format.

Figure 27 Copying the curve table from Excel

Go to the first cell in the empty iSURE curve table and perform the Paste function (Ctrl +
V).

Figure 28 Pasting the curve table to iSureLaser table

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4.3 Laser table

The lasers of the tunnel plan are presented in the ‘Laser Table’ window, which is opened
with the toolbar buttons or by selecting the lasers of the tunnel plan from Project Explorer
and clicking Open. The laser table can also be opened by double-clicking the laser table
icon in the project tree.

Figure 29 Laser table

The following laser information is presented in the window:

 Laser ID: Individual identification of the laser.
 From: Start peg number of the laser operation area.
 To: End peg number of the laser operation area.
 A (X,Y,Z): X, Y, and Z position of laser A in the project coordinates [m].
 B (X,Y,Z): X, Y, and Z position of laser B in the project coordinates [m].
 Inclination: The calculated longitudinal inclination of the laser in degrees and per-
centages.
 CP enabled: When selected, enables the C point. The C point is used for checking
the laser; i.e., it must be on the straight line formed by points A and B.
 C (X,Y,Z): X, Y, and Z position of the check point in the project coordinates [m].

Buttons:
 Add: Adding a new laser.
 Apply: Accepting the laser table data.
To delete the selected laser table rows, press the ‘Delete’ button.

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The laser data can be directly edited in the table. The data will be moved to the tunnel
plan if you press the ‘Apply’ button with all data complete. The following checks are per-
formed for the lasers:
- Laser has an individual identification.
- ‘From’ value is smaller than ‘To’ value.
- Position and operating area of the laser A and B points has been defined.
- Laser has an individual position.
- The check point must be located on the line between the start and end points of the
laser.
After the checks, any incorrect data is highlighted, and the error description is presented
to the user. Only the data of checked lasers is transferred to the tunnel plan.

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4.4 Graphical representation of the tunnel plan

The tunnel plan is represented graphically in the ‘Tunnel Plan’ window. The window can
be opened in the toolbar or by selecting a tunnel plan in Project Explorer and executing
the ‘View 3D’ function from the context menu.

Figure 30 3-D view of the tunnel plan

The small map screen on the left-hand side of the 3D screens shows the represented
section of the tunnel. Use the mouse to select the viewing direction of the camera. Use
the context menu to select the details to be displayed in the window.

Note: The moving speed of the camera and updating speed of the graphical displays de-
pends on the performance capabilities of the workstation. The speed can be adjusted
with the ‘Profile spacing’, ‘Curve smooth spacing’, and ‘Grid spacing’ operational parame-
ter settings.

4.4.1 Common properties of 3D tunnel windows

The context menu in the graphical 3D sub-windows of the tunnel project and tunnel plan
contains the following common functions:
 View 3D Projection: Displaying the tunnel in 3D format.
 View X-Y Projection: Displaying the tunnel in 2D format from above.
 Free Look: With the left mouse button depressed the camera turns, with the right
mouse button depressed the camera moves.
 Rotate: When selected and the left mouse button is pressed and held down, the
camera rotates and when the right mouse button is pressed and held down, the
camera zooms in relation to the origin.
 Fit Screen: Fits the view to the screen.
 View Front: View of the front side.

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 View Left: View of the left side.

 View Right: View of the right side.
 View Overview: General view.
 Highlight Selected Tunnel Plan: Highlights the particular tunnel plan that is select-
ed in the project tree
 Show Tunnel Line: Selects the presentation mode for the tunnel line.
 Show Pivoted Tunnel Line: Shows the tunnel line when moved using a pivot point.
 Show Lasers: Selects the presentation mode for lasers.
 Show Profiles: Selects the presentation mode for tunnel profiles.
 Show Data Collection Profiles: Shows the face profiles of the data collection files
with the navigated peg number.
 Show Profile Silhouette: Presentation of tunnel outlines.
 Show Data Collection Profiles: Presentation of data collection file profile.
 Show Curve Points: Selects the presentation mode for curve table points.
 Show Pivoted Curve Points: Shows the curve table points when moved using a
pivot point.
 Show Grid: Selects the presentation mode for the grid.
 Show pull-out analysis: Shows the pull-out analysis in the 3-D view of the tunnel
plan.
 Auto scale Grid: Automatic setting of the grid size. The function overrides the ‘Grid
max width’ parameter setting.

These functions can also be performed from the ‘View’ menu of the main window.

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4.4.2 Displaying the pull-out analysis with the tunnel view

Pull-out analysis can be displayed in the 3-D tunnel plan view from the context-menu
”Show pull-out analysis” selection

The use of pull-out analysis related functions requires the iSURE ANALYSIS fea-
ture in the USB-dongle.

Figure 31 Pull-out analysis view

Note: Pull-out analysis can only be displayed in the tunnel plan 3-D view, not in the tun-
nel project 3-D view.

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4.4.3 Transferring a tunnel plan to the drilling rig

Generating files from all tunnel plan items

To perform this function, select the tunnel plan to be transferred from Project Explorer
and activate from the context menu Generate Drill Rig File from all Items.. After perform-
ing the function, select the directory in which the files of the transferred tunnel plan are to
be saved. All the drill plans, bolt plans, and the tunnel plan file related to the tunnel plan
are saved in the same directory.

Generating tunnel plan for drilling machine

Open tunnel plan context menu from project explorer, select Generate drill rig file and
choose file format to create file:
 Sandvik v11.0 Tunnel Plan *.tl (i-series)
 Tunnel plan transportation format to rig *.tcu (TDATA & TCAD)

If Sandvik Tunnel Plan (*.tl) format is selected, the file is created to selected folder from
where it can be transferred to drilling machine.

If Tunnel plan transportation format (*.tcu) is selected, new dialog is opened for convert-
ing the tunnel plan into TDATA & TCAD drilling machine format. There are certain limita-
tions for tunnel plan content depending on the manufacturing date and the sw versions of
drill rig. Therefore saving TCU –file is prevented if:
- Name of the tunnel plan file contains more than eight (8) characters
- Tunnel plan is saved in right handed coordinate system
- Curve table contains more than 1100 rows

In TCU –format the peg distance should have constant value and the file can contain only
one tunnel laser. In tunnel plan export form user can:
- Set a new peg distance
- Limit exported curve table rows
- Calculate new curve points based on the peg distance
- Choose exported laser

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Figure 32 Transferring a tunnel plan to the drilling rig

Tunnel plan export form contains following functions:

Peg Distance [m]: Distance between pegs. Value can be set between 0,5 and 5 meters.
Default value is an average distance between the curve table rows.
PEG First number [m]: First peg number for exported curve table. Default value is the
first peg of the curve table
PEG Last number [m]: Last peg number for exported curve table. Default value is the
last peg number of the curve table
Calculate: Generate new curve points based on peg distance. New points should be
calculated every time any of the values above have changed.
Original: Restore the original curve points
Exported tunnel laser is selected with Selected checkbox.

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5 THEORETICAL EXCAVATION
PROFILE

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5.1 Designing a theoretical excavation profile

A new separate theoretical profile is created by selecting File -> New -> Theoretical pro-
file in the main menu. A new profile for a tunnel plan is created by selecting a tunnel plan
or profile folder from Project Explorer, and performing Add New Item -> Theoretical pro-
file from the main menu or the context menu.
Existing profiles can be added to the tunnel plan or new profiles can be designed. New
profiles can be designed in a number of ways. A profile can be created from a standard
profile, or it can be drawn with the mouse or numerically with line, curve, and circular el-
ements, or all of these methods can be combined.

5.1.1 Defining a profile from a standard profile

To create a profile from a standard profile, perform Insert -> Standard Profile.... in the
main menu or via a toolbar button. Select the profile shape in the opened dialogue and
set the values of the reference dimensions related to the profile. If the selected profile
has a Type option, it can be used for creating a specific profile type with fixed default val-
ues.

After you press OK, a profile with the set measurements is created in the drill plan design
window.

Figure 33 Defining a profile from a standard profile

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5.1.2 Importing a profile from a file

A ready-made tunnel profile can be imported from a DXF or LandXML file. Only Leica
LandXML format is supported. For importing, iSURE supports two methods:
 searching all suitable profiles from any DXF or LandXML file. Profile import according
to user selection
 Profile, auxiliary layers drawings and pilot profile import from a DXF file, that has pre-
named layers defined in the drawing. This method is intended to situations, where
profile is preferred to be design with a CAD-tool.

A profile is imported from a file by performing Insert -> Profile from File... from the main
menu or by means of the toolbar button. In the dialog that opens, select the DXF or
LandXML file containing the profile.

Figure 34 Importing a profile from a file

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Functions in the window:

- DXF entity value divisor: This selection is used only in opening of the DXF file. The
DXF file does not contain unambiguous information on the measurement unit used;
therefore, the user must specify this. The selection sets the divisor by which the DXF
file object (line, curve,…) values should be divided for obtaining the measure used by
iSURE as the unit. Usually the measure used in the *.dxf file is millimeter, which
gives us a divisor of 1000, or meter, which gives us a divisor of 1. In other cases, the
user can set an alternative divisor that can be calculated using the formula:

divisor = length of the line element in the DXF drawing / design length of the
line [m]

Example: divisor = 25000 (element length in DXF file) / 10 (element is de-

signed to be 10 m in length)
= 2500

- Update window: Updating the preview. This button can be used, for example, when
the file needs to be imported after selection of a new divisor.
- File: Selecting the file to be imported. The Browse button opens a selection dialog
where the DXF or LandXML file to be opened is selected.
- Closed shapes [layer]: The imported image file might contain several closed
shapes that could be interpreted as profiles. These shapes are listed for the user per
layer, and the shape selected by the user is presented in the preview window. The
DXF file can hold the same profile drawn several times, but the user is only shown
one profile.
- Keep original position of profile origin: This selection is used to keep the relation
between imported figure and origin location in file as original. Default action is to cen-
ter the origin to the imported figure.
The user sees a dialog when the file is being imported, the combined elements being
searched, and the profile generation being performed. The user can interrupt the function
by clicking on the Cancel button.

Figure 35 Import in progress dialog

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After the file is interpreted, a summary of the objects found in the file is shown.

Figure 36 The summary of the objects found

The information presented in the summary (some fields are showed only in case of DXF
import):

- Number of entities: The total number of elements imported from the file.
- Number of layers: The number of layers found in the file
- Value of divisor: The divisor used in importing the elements.
- Entities (total/accepted): Number of imported and accepted elements. If the num-
ber of rejected elements is large, the selected divisor might be incorrect. The applica-
tion then rejects an element on account of its length.
- Summary of layers (layer, objects, profiles): number of objects found from pre-
defined layers used by iSURE. If a "Normal" -named layer is found and there is one
closed profile, objects from 4 layers are imported into iSURE as follows:
o [Normal]: from this layer one closed tunnel profile is imported to iSURE Nor-
mal layer. If no profile is found, import to the other layers is suspended.
o [AssistingLine_1]: All the elements and texts found are imported to iSURE
AssistingLine_1
o [AssistingLine_2]: All the elements and texts found are imported to iSURE
AssistingLine_2
o [Pilot]: A closed profile is imported to iSURE Pilot

The naming of layers is permissive. Name can include capital of lowercase char-
acters and underscore line is not noted. Layer can be named like Assisting-
Line_1, ASSISTING_LINE_1, Assisting Line. Layer cannot include white space.

- Total closed shape: The number of shapes interpreted as closed.

- Accepted closed shape: The number of closed shapes accepted as profiles. If the
number of rejected shapes is large, the divisor selected might be incorrect.

After pressing of the window's OK button, the selected shape opens as a profile in the
design of a theoretical excavation profile.

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Interpreting a profile from a DXF file

A profile is interpreted from a DXF file according to the following rules:
- Unambiguously closed shapes are interpreted as a profile from the DXF file. In other
words, only two profile elements should be connected to any one point.
- A profile can be drawn with the Line-, Polyline-, Polyline2D, Circle- and Arc- ele-
ments. The elements can be grouped.
- Profile elements must be in the same layer.
- The elements of a profile drawn in a DXF file might not always be fully connected.
The elements are considered to be connected if their spacing is less than 1 cm.
- A DXF file can contain many other lines than the profile lines. To speed up the profile
search, extra lines are filtered out. Therefore, the shortest line length to be processed
is 0.001 m and the longest is 50 m.
- A DXF file can contain other closed shapes than the profile. The following closed
shapes are therefore filtered out:
o Area less than 5 m² or more than 1500 m²
o Number of elements in the shape exceeds 100
o Shapes consisting of lines only having less than 8 elements (squares, rectangles,
and parallelograms).
- The profile elements must be drawn with the same color and line type. In other
words, there can be other lines in the profile, if they are drawn in a different color or
different line type than the profile. For example, if you want to draw a ditch in connec-
tion with the profile but do not want the ditch to be a part of the actual profile, the
ditch can be drawn in a different color. Better solution still is to draw different context
to a different layer

Figure 37 Interpreting a profile from a DXF file

If the profile-importing DXF file is not successful, check that:

o The measurement unit set is correct. Elements and profiles that are too small or
too large are rejected.
o The profile elements are in the same layer.
o The profile elements are drawn with the same color and line type.
o Profile elements are connected, and only two elements are connected to the
same point, so that the profile is an unambiguous closed shape
o The profile is not drawn with only straight lines. Curves are drawn with curve el-
ements, not lines.

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5.1.3 Importing the profile from a set peg-number

A profile can be imported from a user defined peg-number when the profile, drill plan or
bolt plan belongs to tunnel plan and there are profile(s) set in the peg range. The tool for
import opens from main menu Insert-> Profile from PEG or from a toolbar icon.
With this tool, a profile from an interpolated tunnel section can also be imported. Interpo-
lated section’s start and end profile should hold same number of nodes and intermediate
elements should have same type (arc or line)

Figure 38 Importing the profile from a set peg-number

Functionality of the form:

 PEG [m]: Peg number where to compose the profile. Peg number doesn't have
to match a curve table number, but has to be in the range of it. Arrow buttons in-
crement / decrement the peg. The profile defined in curve table or the interpolat-
ed one is shown in the form.
 Refresh: Refreshing the form e.g. after changing the peg number.

The slider underneath the profile area allows peg number sliding in the defined area.

When OK is pressed, the profile in question is copied to the design form where it can be
modified. If the profile is taken from an interpolated section of tunnel plan, that profile is
generated with lines only. For metamorphic drill plans, both face and bottom profile can
be composed from desired peg number.

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5.1.4 Free-form definition of a profile

A theoretical excavation profile can be created and an existing profile edited with the fol-
lowing tools:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Figure 39 Tools for defining the profile

1. Creating a standard profile

2. Importing the profile from a DXF file
3. Importing the profile from a set peg number
4. Creating a line element using the mouse: To create a line element, press the left
mouse button twice. When the button is pressed the first time, the element start point
is selected. When the button is pressed a second time, the element end point is se-
lected (Insert -> Line).
5. Creating a curve element with the mouse: To create a curve element, press the
left mouse button three times. When the button is pressed for the first time, the ele-
ment start point is selected. When the button is pressed again, the end point is se-
lected. When the button is pressed a third time, the curve origin is selected (Insert ->
Arc).
6. Creating a circular element with the mouse: To create a circular element, press
the left mouse button twice. When the button is pressed for the first time, the center
point of the circle is selected. When the button is pressed a second time, the radius is
selected (Insert -> Circle).
7. Creating a line element numerically: The position of a line element can be defined
numerically. By default, the element start point is the end point of the last element
added (Insert -> Arc (coordinates)).
8. Creating a curve element numerically: The position of a curve element can be de-
fined numerically. By default, the element start point is the end point of the last ele-
ment added (Insert -> Arc (coordinates)).

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9. Creating an elliptical roof element numerically: Generates an elliptical roof arc

numerically. As an assumption, the starting point of this arc is the end point of lastly
added element (Insert -> Elliptical Roof (coordinates)).

Figure 40 Creating an elliptical roof

 Height: The height from set Z-level of elliptical arc [m]

 Start X: X-value of the start point of the arc [m]
 End X: X-value of the end point of the arc [m]
 Start and End Z: Z-value of the both start and end points [m].

The elliptical roof arc is composed clockwise from the start point to the end point.
Start X shall be less than end X and the height has to be a positive number. Elliptical
roof arc is constructed by 20 pieces of separate circle arcs and is accurate with nor-
mal tunnel widths and heights. With extreme values some inaccuracy can be denot-
ed. Circle arcs can be modified as separate elements, but not as an elliptical arc.
10. Creating a circular element numerically: The position of a circular element can be
defined numerically (Insert -> Circle (coordinates)).
11. Inserting a node: A new node can be added to an element. Activate the tool and
move the mouse pointer over the element. Insert a new node at this position by
pressing the left mouse button (Edit -> Insert Node).
12. Removing a node: A node can be removed from a profile. Activate the tool and se-
lect the node to be removed by pressing the left mouse button (Edit -> Remove
Node).
13. Detaching nodes from each other: Two elements that share the same node can be
detached from each other. Select the nodes to be detached, then activate the func-
tion to detach the elements from each other (Edit -> Detach Node).
14. Attaching nodes to each other: This is the reverse function to detaching nodes.
Select the desired nodes that are close to each other, and perform the function to
connect the desired elements (Edit -> Attach Node).
15. Rounding a corner: Corners can be rounded to a given radius. Activate the tool and
select the angle (node) to be rounded. The program asks for the rounding radius. En-
ter the radius and insert a new rounding element at this position (Edit -> Corner
Rounding).
16. Clipping element parts (Tail removal): The section of an element between the
closest intersection points can be removed. Activate the tool. Use the mouse pointer
and the left mouse button to display the piece of the element to be removed. The
program removes the section up to the next intersection points (Edit -> Clip Element).
The application automatically combines the remaining two intersection points.
17. Copy mirror: This property can be used to mirror selected elements in relation to the
desired plane. The elements are copied as a mirror image of the opposite side of the
plane (Edit -> Copy Mirror).

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18. Move: This function can be used to move the selected node(s) or the entire profile
(Edit -> Move). The entire profile can be moved by selecting all nodes with, e.g., the
Select All function (Ctrl + A) and performing a relative movement.

Figure 41 Move selection function

 Value of movements X and Z: Degree of movement in different directions,
in meters.
 Type of movement / Relative: A relative movement; moves the selected
node(s) by the degree specified by the X and Z values set.
 Type of movement / Absolute: An absolute movement; moves the selected
node to the position specified by the X and Z values. The selection is possi-
ble if one node is selected.
Note: The sole purpose of this function is to move a profile. There is a tool for
moving the drill plan; see Chapter 6.4.8.
19. Move origin: This function is used to move profile origin (Tools -> Move Profile
Origin). Relative movement of origin is defined with X and Z –coordinate values

Figure 42 Moving the profile origin

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5.1.5 Profile Interpolation

If user wants to interpolate new profiles based on already created profiles, there are a
couple of things to note:
1. There must be the same amount of elements in both base profiles which correspond
to each other by type (e.g. line-line, arc-arc)
2. Interpolation Element must be defined on both profiles. There can be only one inter-
polation element on profile and they are defining the opposite elements for profile
pairs. In that purpose they are used to adjust interpolation order for profile elements.

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5.2 Setting the object properties

The purpose of the Properties dialog is to present the user with exact values for the se-
lected target, and to enable the editing of values.
The user can select different objects in the view (nodes, elements) by moving the mouse
pointer over a desired object and pressing the left mouse button. To move the nodes with
the mouse, press the left mouse button and hold it down while moving the mouse pointer.
The selected objects are moved with the mouse pointer and set in place by releasing the
mouse button. To select several objects, hold the Shift or Ctrl key down.

The selected objects are also displayed in the Properties dialog, which contains more de-
tails on their properties and some design criteria. The following figure shows a screen
capture of a curve element selection.

- End X/Z: Position of the element end point in the drill

plan coordinates [m].
- Start X/Z: Position of the element start point in the drill
plan coordinates [m].
- ∆X and ∆Y: Position of the element end point in relation
to the element start point [m].
- Length: Display of element length [m].
- Clockwise: Selected curve direction, True = clockwise
- Origin X/Z: Position of the element center point in the
drill plan coordinates [m].
- Radius: Element radius [m].
- Interpolation Element: Interpolation starting point

Figure 43 Properties window

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5.3 Symbols in the view

Drill plan origin: Describes the drill plan points x = 0 and z = 0.

Node: Tool for moving and attaching elements. There are two types of nodes: i) end
nodes, used to move the position of elements; and ii) sub-nodes, used to change the
shape of elements. The end nodes are black and the sub-nodes blue.

Note: The program indicates error situations (intersecting elements, open profiles) to
the user by drawing a red circle around the point of error.

Element: Selected elements are highlighted by drawing them with a thick line. The
program indicates the direction of the element by drawing a green square around the
selected start point of the element and a blue square around the end point. The prop-
erties of the selected element are presented in the Properties dialog, where they can
be edited.

If the profile has been defined, the application checks upon exiting the design phase of
the theoretical excavation profile that both ends of all elements are attached to another
element. If this is not the case, the application indicates any element ends not attached to
another element with a red circle.

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6 DRILL PLAN

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6.1 Creating a new drill plan

A drill plan can be designed either on the blast plane or on the navigation plane. Chang-
ing design methods is not possible once the selection has been made.

To create a new separate drill plan on the blast plane, select File -> New -> Drill Plan
(Blast) in the main menu or File -> New -> Drill Plan (Navigation) on the navigation
plane.

To insert the new drill plan into the tunnel plan, select the tunnel plan in Project Explorer
or the ‘Drill Plans’ folder and click Add New Item -> Drill Plan (Blast) or Drill Plan (Naviga-
tion) in the context menu or ‘File’ menu in the main window.

To create a drill plan of the profile in the tunnel plan, select the profile and perform File ->
Create Drill Plan (Blast) or Create Drill Plan (Navigation) from the context menu or in the
main window. The selected profile is opened in the drill plan design window with the se-
lected design method.

The drill plan in the tunnel plan can be taken as a template for a new drill plan by select-
ing a drill plan in Project Explorer and performing File -> Create Drill Plan (Blast) or File -
> Create Drill Plan (Navigation) in either the context menu or the main window. The fol-
lowing information is copied from the selected drill plan to the new drill plan:
- Profile
- Assisting profiles distances
- Explosive list, hole charge table, and burden and spacing table
- Hole default depths
- Rig silhouette and boom coverage
- Detonators and surface delays
- Hole diameter table

The burden and spacing table is only copied if the drill plan design plane is the same.
The drill plan lasers are not copied. Cut holes (grouped holes) can be imported with drill
plan data import form.

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6.2 Properties of the drill plan

To open the properties of the drill plan, select the drill plan in Project Explorer and exe-
cute the Drill Plan Information function in the ‘File’ menu of the main window or the con-
text menu of Project Explorer.

6.2.1 General information

Figure 44 General information of the drill plan

 Drill Plan Name: The name of the drill plan; also the file name. The name can be de-
fined for a new drill plan only. The drill plan name can be changed in Project Explorer
by selecting the drill plan and running the Rename function.
 Author: Author of the drill plan. The user logged on to the workstation by default in
the new drill plan (mandatory information).
 Construction site: Construction site. The default data is copied from the possible
tunnel plan.
 Section: Construction site phase / name of sub-project.
 Country: Name of the country.
 Comment: Comment related to the drill plan.
 New note:. User’s free-form description of the drill plan editing; is moved to the His-
tory field.
 History: The comment history data; can be browsed with the arrow buttons.

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6.2.2 Drill plan summary

Figure 45 Drill plan summary

The following information is presented in the window:

- Theoretical profile surface area [m²] .

- Pilot profile surface area [m²].
- Number of holes: Number of holes per hole type (drilling hole type).
The pilot hole of the reaming hole is drilled with the hole type above the line. The
‘Reaming’ holes value indicates the number of holes to be enlarged.
Waypoint holes indicate the number of route points in the sequence. ‘Waypoint’ holes
are not holes to be drilled.
- Uncharged hole(s): Number of uncharged profile holes
- Rig name: Name of the rig to be used.

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6.2.3 Explosion summary

Figure 46 Explosion summary

- Bottom profile surface area [m²].

- Face profile surface area [m²].
- Drill Meters, dm [m]: Drill meters are the sum of hole lengths along the hole, Ream-
ing holes are counted as pilot and reaming meters.
- Drill plan volume based on holes, V [m³]: The drill plan volume calculated on the
basis of assumed face-drilling holes. Note: On the drill plan 3D display, navigation
plane and round bottom profile representation is calculated from these assumed
face- drilling holes. Drill plan volume based on profile, V [m³]: The drill plan vol-
ume calculated on the basis of face and bottom profile and the length of the
drill plan (L-measurement) with the possible pilot-tunnel volume subtracted
from the result.
- Total explosive mass, m [kg].
- Average specific charge, m/V [kg/m³].
- Specific drilling, g [dm/m³]: Drilled meters / volume.
- Detonator table name: Name of the detonator table used in the drill plan.

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6.3 Drill plan design windows

Windows related to the design of the drill plan can be opened with the following tool but-
tons:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Figure 47 Tools related to opening of the drill plan design windows

1. Importing of tables related to drill plan design (File -> Import Design Data from Drill
plan…).
2. Definition of assisting profiles (Edit -> Assisting Profiles).
3. Opening the blast design window (Edit -> Blast Design).
4. Hole depth table (Edit -> Hole Default Depths).
5. RIG – properties of the drilling rig (Edit -> Rig Data).
6. Detonator and surface delay table (Edit -> Detonators and Surface Delays).
7. Hole diameter table (Edit -> Hole diameter table)
8. Laser table (Edit -> Laser Table).
9. Presenting of the momentary explosion calculation (View -> Momentary Explosion
Calculation).
10. Presenting the graphical momentary explosion calculation ( View -> Graphical Mo-
mentary Explosion Calculation).
11. Checking the drill plan

6.3.1 Drill plan table import

Design parameters can be copied from other drill plans to the active drill plan via a win-
dow that can be opened via the tool button or File -> Import Design Data from Drill plan...
in the main window.

Figure 48 Creating the drill plan tables

Specification of the data to be imported from the source plan to the target plan is done in
the window. The data options are as follows:

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 Assisting Profile Distances: Distances of the auxiliary profiles.

 Explosion design tables: Explosive list, hole charge table, and burden and spacing
tables. The burden and spacing table is copied only if the drill plan design planes are
the same.
 Default hole depths: Default depths of the holes.
 Rig: Drilling rig information. The selection is active when one drilling rig has been
specified to the drill plan.
 Detonators and Surface Delays
 Hole diameter table
 Grouped Holes: The group of holes cannot be imported if the target plan already in-
cludes the origin of a group of holes.
The aim is to copy the group of holes from the source plans as it is. For this reason, the
target plan must include the charging and explosive information used for the group of
holes to be imported. If the Import function is performed for a group of holes only and the
target plan does not include this information, the application will alert the user and ensure
that the necessary rows are copied. If the table already includes rows with the same
name and they have different values, a unique index will be added to the target plan rows
copied - e.g., Bottom(2). If the opening to be imported includes, e.g., Field1 data for a
field element and it has different values in the target table, the copied field element will be
of the Modified type and the target element’s data will be added to the charge table and
explosive list. The depth and direction angles of the holes in the group will remain un-
changed and will be copied to the same position in which they were in the source plan.
Even if the source and target plan lengths differ, the depth (distance from the navigation
plane) of the imported group of holes will remain the same, and ∆Y changes.

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6.3.2 Determining auxiliary profiles

The distances of the assisting profiles are defined in the window that is opened by click-
ing the tool button or by selecting Edit -> Assisting Profiles in the main window. The dis-
tances defined in the window determine the common distance of the elements in the
auxiliary profiles to the theoretical excavation profiles. The distances have a direct effect
on the auxiliary profiles and position of the holes in the drill plan.

Figure 49 Determining auxiliary profiles

 Face profile: Distance of the face profile to the theoretical excavation profile.
 Bottom profile: Distance of the bottom profile to the theoretical excavation profile.
 Tolerance profiles: The minimum and maximum tolerances for the theoretical exca-
vation profile.
 Allowed fracture:. Distance of the allowed fracture, which is defined from the face
profile in the navigation plane and from the bottom profile on the blast plane.

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6.3.3 Explosive List, Hole Charge Table, and Burden and

Spacing Table

The Explosive List, Hole Charge Table, and Burden and Spacing Table are in the same
window that is opened by clicking on the toolbar button or selecting Edit -> Blast Design
from the main window. The window is used to define the charge design criteria.

A different type of burden and spacing table is used in the blast plane and navigation
plane design. For this reason, the import function of the table is not available for import
between drill plans designed on different planes.

The explosive list specifies the explosives to be used and their charge level.

Figure 50 Explosives -list

- Explosive name: Individual name of the explosive (mandatory information).

- Mass per meter [kg/m] : Explosive's charge level. The value is only used during
printing for calculation of the amounts of the various explosives.

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The charge table includes a list of the available charges that can be set for the charge
classes in the specific charge table.

Figure 51 Charge table

Charge table columns:

- ID: Individual identification of the charge (mandatory information).
- Average charge degree, I [kgREF/m] : Average charge degree in relation to the
reference (e.g., dynamite). Used in calculating the hole burden.
- Fracture [m]: Distance of the fracture zone, used to define the fracture circle radius
presented around the hole.
- Stemming Length [m]: Length of the uncharged section of the hole.
- Column Explosive: * Explosive used in the column charge. Select an explosive from
the explosive list using the drop-down menu.
- Column Length [m]: * Length of the column charge.
- Bottom Explosive: * Explosive used in the bottom charge. Select an explosive from
the explosive list using the drop-down menu.
- Bottom Length [m]: * Length of the bottom explosive.
- Total Length [m]: Calculated total length of the column and bottom charges plus the
uncharged section.
- Total Mass [kg]: Calculated total mass of the column and bottom charges.
- Color: Charge color setting. In the drill plan design window, the hole symbol color is
the selected color in all work stages except for Detonator and Hole Type.
- Print index: * Row printing order on charge map. Rows are sorted based on the in-
dex value
*) used in printing only
The basic data of the holes generated in the areas between the position master holes
(charge classes) can be found specified in the specific charge table. Generation of the
holes can be defined separately for the bottom, wall, and roof of different auxiliary profiles
and for five field element types.

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Figure 52 Specific charge table in blast plane design

.

- Category: Name of category with which the drill plan is divided into several blast ar-
eas. Each category has unique parameters in detonation design. Aidrow 3 and the
following aidrows use the same parameters.
- Charge ID: Identification of the charge used. Select the charge ID of the charge table
from the drop-down menu. With ‘NO CHARGE’ selected, the holes can be left without
any charge. In this case, the burden calculation formula cannot be used, the ‘Specific
charge’ and ‘Calculate’ columns are not available, and the burden can be specified
directly in the ‘Burden’ field.
- Specific charge, q [kgREF/m3]: Specific charge, i.e., amount of the explosive per
unit of volume (the value is used in calculating the hole burden). The value cannot be
set in navigation plane design. The value must be entered with consideration of the
explosive used, such as dynamite or ANFO and that average charge degree (l) and
specific charge (q) are informed in relation to the same reference.
- Spacing type: Hole distance calculation type.
 Target: Target hole spacing is set in the ‘Spacing value’ column [m].
 Max: Maximum hole spacing is set in the ‘Spacing value’ column [m].
 Spacing / Burden: Spacing to burden (S/B) ratio is set in the ‘Spacing / Bur-
den’ column. The selection is not available in navigation plane design.
 Number: Number of holes generated between position master holes [no.].
The selection is not available in blast plane design. The number of holes is
set in the ‘Spacing value’ column.
- Spacing value, E [m]: Target or maximum hole spacing. The value can be set if the
spacing type is Target or Maximum.
- Spacing / Burden: Spacing to burden ratio. The value can be set if the spacing type
is Spacing / Burden.
- Burden, V [m]: Burden, i.e., the shortest distance to the next hole row.

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- Calculate: Specifying the quantity to be calculated. When the setting has been
made, the quantity to be calculated is shown in gray and its value is calculated on the
basis of the other quantities. For more details on burden calculation, refer to section
7.3.2.1 Burden calculation and fracturing.
 V: The burden is calculated, so the realized specific charge and target hole
spacing can be entered.
 q: The specific charge is calculated, so the realized burden and target hole
spacing can be entered.
 E: The hole spacing is calculated, so the realized burden and theoretical
specific charge can be entered. The actual specific charge is determined by
the realized hole spacing.
- Uncharged hole: uncharged profile holes are used to better control the split line of
profile. Uncharged holes can be set only with profile category. The number of un-
charged holes can be set between 0-3.
- Even: When selected, the number of holes generated between position master holes
is forced to be even.
The 'Uncharged holes' and ‘Even’ columns are not necessary for all users, and they can
therefore be hidden/displayed with the ‘Advanced’ button. The ‘Advanced’ button is not
available if ‘Even’ information has been set on some row.
The window has a button for opening instructions for burden calculation.
In navigation plane design, the table does not include the columns related to explosion
calculation.
Notice. Setup disk contains excel support material for evaluating relative forces and frac-
ture zones for explosives. Content of material is theoretical and due to the nature of
blasting and excavation work, Sandvik does not take liability for using this material. The
values from explosion manufacturer should be used primarily.

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6.3.4 Detonators and Surface Delays

The detonators and surface delays used in the drill plan are defined in the window View -
> Detonators and Surface Delays, which is opened from the main menu or via the toolbar
button. The window has tabs for defining detonators and surface delays. Only the deto-
nators and surface delays defined in the window can be set in the drill plan. If the detona-
tor or surface delay is removed from the table, it will be removed from the holes as well.
Changing the detonator or surface delay ID generates a new row, and the information on
the old row is deleted from the holes.

Figure 53 Detonators and Surface Delays

 Name: The common name for the detonators and surface delays table.

Information defined for the detonators:

 Number: Individual identification of the detonator (Mandatory information).

 Timing: Detonator timing [ms] (it is not possible to enter the same values multiple
times).
 Color: The detonator color in the design window and printouts.

Information defined for the surface delays:

 Timing: Surface delay time [ms] (it is not possible to enter the same values multiple
times).
 Color: The surface delay color in the design window and printouts.

Import XML: Importing table data from a selected XML file.

Export XML: Exporting table data into an XML file.

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6.3.5 Hole depth table

The default depth of the holes in the drill plan are defined in the Default hole depths win-
dow, which can be opened from the main menu via Edit -> Hole Default Depths or with its
toolbar button.

The window is used for setting the drill plan length, which is the blast level distance from
the navigation level. Also the default depth of holes on aidrows or field elements can be
defined. Hole depth is measured according to the drill plan's Y axis direction – not in the
direction of the hole.

The default hole depths for the aidrows and field elements can be set in relation to the
drill plan length or as an absolute hole depth. Changing the values affects the hole depth
in the drill plan.

Figure 54 Setting the default hole depths

Information defined in the hole depth table:

- Drill plan length (L): Length of the drill plan. The value is used to define the distance
between the navigation and blast plane [m]. The value is used as the curve length in
the drilling rigs curve calculation. When the drill plan length is changed, the applica-
tion asks whether the length of the column charge is to be changed by the amount of
the plan length change.
- Contour: Default depth of the holes in the face profile or bottom profile.
- Aidrow 1-3: Default depth of the holes in the aidrows (in the screen curve). In navi-
gation plane design, the holes in the aidrow 3 after the third aidrow are set according
to the aidrow 3 value. Aidrow 3 and the following aidrows use the same hole depth.
- Field: Default depth of the field holes.

The ‘Show description’ button can be used to display or hide the figure describing differ-
ent distances.

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6.3.6 RIG - properties of the drilling rig

The properties of the drilling rig (RIG) are set in a dialog that can be opened with the
toolbar button or via Edit -> RIG data in the main menu.

Figure 55 Properties of the drilling rig

Window functions:
Import from XML: Importing the drill rig information from the selected Rig-file (XML).
Export to XML: Exporting the drill rig information to the selected Rig-file (XML).

RIG:

 Add new..: Adding of a new rig. A maximum number of five drill rigs can be added to
one drill plan.
 Remove: Removing a specific drill rig from the drill plan..
Selecting the drill rig: Selecting a drill rig for editing. A drop down menu is visible when
more than one drill rig exists in the drill plan.

Information defined for the drilling rig:

- Feeder length: Length of the feed [m].

- Rig Nick Name: Name of the drilling rig.
- Rig Shape: A point list that forms a shape that depicts the outlines of the rig [m].
- Rig Type: Type of drilling rig.
- Roll-over Symbol Long Size: Length of the long part of the roll-over angle symbol
[m].
- Roll-over Symbol Short Size: Length of the short part of the roll-over angle symbol
[m].

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Information defined for each boom:

- Boom Blind Area: Size of the boom's blind area: height and width [m].
- Boom Coverage Shape: A list of points that forms a shape that depicts the boom
coverage shape [m].
- Boom Mounting Point: The boom's mounting point in relation to the drilling rigs
origin [m].
- Boom Type: The type of the boom.
- Boom Used (True/False): This boom is or is not in use on the drilling rig.
- Handedness: (Left/Right) Handedness of the boom.
- Mirror Sequence to: The boom for which the drilling sequence is copied as default
during mirroring.

The default directory for Rig files is located in the iSURE installation directory's sub-
directory \Rig.

DT1230i and DT1330i side boom coverages are presented with the boom supports in the
upper and lower positions.

Editing of Rig data is appropriate only when drilling rig properties change.

Note: The drilling sequence can only be defined for the boom used in the drilling rig.

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6.3.7 Hole diameter table

A diameter is determined to a drill plan hole according to the hole type. The hole diame-
ters corresponding to specific hole types are set to the window which is opened from the
main menu (Edit->Hole diameter table) or with toolbar button.

Figure 56 Hole diameter table window

Hole diameter is defined according to the Reaming diameter, if the hole is set to be
reamed.

Import- function is used for importing information from selected drill plans.

The hole diameter is displayed in the selected hole properties when the drilled hole type
has been defined for the hole.

Figure 57 Hole properties window

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6.3.8 Drill or bolt plan lasers

Drill or bolt plan lasers are presented in a table that is opened via Edit -> Show Lasers in
the main menu or by clicking its toolbar button. The window shows the lasers of the ac-
tive drill or bolt plan. A maximum of three lasers can be defined. In the design window,
the lasers are shown in the navigation plane only.
A laser can be inserted in a table by selecting Insert -> Laser in the main menu or by
clicking the window's Add… button.

Figure 58 Drill or bolt plan lasers

- Add...: Adds a laser to the laser table.
- Delete: Deletes the selected laser.

Note: Only the first drill plan laser in the table is saved in the TPL file.

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6.3.9 Viewing the rig and defining the rig position

In all work phases, the user can select the showing of the drilling rig via View -> Show
Rig Profile in the main menu. If the rig position has not been defined, it will be shown by
default in the middle of the theoretical excavation profile and the rig on the bottom of the
profile.

The shape or silhouette depicting the rig is defined as a list of points in the Rig Proper-
ties: Rig Shape. The shape is formed by joining the successive points in the point list with
a line. The color of the rig's outline is defined in the operational parameters (Options ->
Rig -> Rig shape color).

The rig position can be offset from the middle position in all work phases by means of a
separate tool, which is opened via Tools -> Rig Position in the main menu. If the user has
selected for the drilling rig to be shown, the tool can also be selected via the context
menu. The rig position in relation to the middle of the profile bottom can be set numerical-
ly and with the arrow buttons (with steps of 0.1 m).

Figure 59 Defining the rig position

Selecting the drill rig: Select the drill rig from the drop down menu to change its posi-
tion. The drop down menu is visible when more than one drill rig exists in the drill plan.

- ∆ X [m]: Distance of the rig middle point from the tunnel profile middle point.
- ∆ Z [m]: Distance of the rig bottom from the tunnel profile bottom.

Using the Reset button will set the ∆ X and ∆ Y values to 0, and the rig will be aligned at
the middle of the profile bottom. As default, the drill rigs are displayed at this spot (on top
of one another).

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6.3.10 Viewing of the coverage and blind area of the booms

In all work phases, the coverage area and blind area of the booms can be set to be
shown with the drill plan via View -> Show Boom Coverage in the main menu.

If the rig position has not been defined, the rig is assumed to be in the middle of the pro-
file and at its bottom.

The shape depicting the boom coverage is imported from the Rig data, where it is de-
fined as a list of points: Boom –> Boom Coverage Shape. The shape is formed by joining
the successive points in the point list by a line.
The boom coverage shape is presented on the basis of the boom's mounting point, which
is defined in the Rig data: Boom –> Boom Mounting Point. The boom mounting point al-
so shows the rectangle that indicates the blind area. The rectangle's width and height are
set in the Rig properties: Boom -> Boom Blind Area.

The coverage area and blind area of a boom selected in the sequence or roll-over phase
are highlighted, and in other cases they are indicated with a faint line.

Figure 60 Viewing of the coverage and blind area of the booms

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6.3.11 Presentation of a momentary explosion calculation

In all the work phases, a momentary explosion calculation window can be opened where,
for instance, the amount of explosive to be exploded at the same time is presented. The
window is opened via the toolbar button or by means of the main menu to select View ->
Momentary Explosion Calculation.

The information presented in the window:

- Timing: Detonator timing with consideration of a possible surface delay [ms]. The
tooltip presents the basis for calculation of the value.
- Surface Delay: The surface delay time [ms]. The tooltip presents the calculation
basis for the value.
- Detonator Number: Detonator ID. The same detonator number can belong to sev-
eral surface delay groups, and a separate row will be presented for each surface de-
lay group.
- Hole Count: Number of holes exploding at the same time.
- Total Mass: Total mass [kg] of explosives in the column and bottom explosives in
the holes. The explosive mass is calculated according to the specific charge table,
and therefore the designed hole depth does not affect the value.

Form functions:
- Info: Selection to display or hide drill plan information.
- Arrow up: Changing the time period of the row selection backwards
- Arrow down: Changing the time period of the row selection forwards
- -button: For changing the row selection automatically according to timing. The
table rows are automatically selected when the button has been pressed to corre-
spond to the explosion time. The explosion time is indicated simultaneously in the
drill plan view and the graphical momentary explosive calculation view. Button
changes to - button, which can be used to stop the timing.

Drop-down menu: Slowing down the timing. When ‘/1’ is selected, there is no delay, with
‘/2’ the timing is slowed to a half and so on.

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Figure 61 Presentation of a momentary explosion calculation

By default, the table is arranged in descending order according to the value in the ‘Tim-
ing’ column. The user can sort the table rows in descending or ascending order accord-
ing to the selected column by clicking on the desired column title.

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Figure 62 Arranging the table according to the mass of the explosive

The following summary information is presented in the window:

- Pilot profile surface area [m²].

- Bottom profile surface area [m²].
- Drill meters dm [m]: Calculated as sum of hole lengths along the hole. Reaming
holes are counted as pilot and reaming meters.
- Drill plan volume based on profile, V [m³]: The drill plan volume calculated on
the basis of face and bottom profile and the length of the drill plan (L-
measurement) with the possible pilot-tunnel volume subtracted from the result.
- Total explosive mass, m [kg]. The values in the Total Mass column are added to-
gether.
- Specific charge, m/V [kg/m³]. The average specific charge m/V.
- Specific drilling, dm / V [m/m³]: Drilled meters / volume.
- Drill meters: dm [m]: Combined length of the holes in the direction of the hole calcu-
lated together. Both the pilot hole and the reaming hole are calculated from the
Reaming holes.

The mark in the window provides a warning in the following situations:

o the rows of the same detonator number are not adjacent
o adjacent rows have the same timing

The error is described in the tooltip.

When you are selecting a table row, the holes with detonators detonating at the selected
time are indicated with a red circle in the design window. When you are selecting several
rows, the holes selected to detonate last are indicated with a red circle in the design win-
dow, and the holes that detonated before these are indicated with a gray circle.

The user can browse the list by using the arrow buttons, and the detonation of the deto-
nators will be indicated in the design window. The detonation sequence of plan holes can
be stated as follows: select the first row in the table, press the Shift button all the way
down, and add rows to the selection with the ↓ button.

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Figure 63 Indication of the detonator detonation order on the plan window

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6.3.12 Representation of the graphical momentary explosion

calculation

Momentary explosion calculation can also be displayed in a graphical format. The view
can be accessed with a toolbar button or from the main menu with View ->Graphical Ex-
plosion summary.

A bar diagram is displayed on the view, where X-axis displays the time and y- axis the
amount of explosive exploding at the corresponding time. Bar color is based on the det-
onation color. The time of explosion is easier to present on the view with bar diagram.

When holes are selected from the drill plan view, the explosion time of the selected holes
is indicated with graphics. The example shows the reaming holes as selected holes. The
number at the top of each bar displays the amount of explosive exploding at the given
time.

Following operations can be performed on the view:

- Zoom in: Zooming in the view

o In use: Selected, zooming in the view can be used.
o Reset: Resetting the zooming
- Access to
o Drill plan: Activation of a specific drill plan
o Data collection: Activation of a specific data collection

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A bar can be selected with a mouse and the appearing tooltip displays the time of the ex-
plosion, detonation number, surface delay and the time from and to the previous/next ex-
plosion. The holes corresponding to the selected bar are indicated on the drill plan view.

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6.3.13 Vibration analysis information presentation on

the momentary explosion summary

Vibration analysis file can be viewed with the graphical momentary explosion summary,
when a planned explosion and realized vibration can be compared. Vibration analysis file
contains general measurement information and vibration measurements on a horizontal,
longitudinal and vertical axis..

Vibration analysis access requires the ’Vibration Analysis’ - dongle option.

The vibration analysis form has the following functions:

- File:
 Import vibration measurement from file: Importing the vibration measurement in-
formation from file. See 6.3.13.1 Importing the vibration measurements from file.
 Export the vibration measurement to tunnel plan: Exporting the vibration meas-
urement to the active tunnel plan. The function is active if the drill plan exists in the
tunnel plan. The project tree has a Vibration Files folder, where the vibration meas-
urement file is added..

- View
 Explosive weight:
When selected, explosives bar is displayed.
- Vibration measurement file:
When selected, vibration measurement information is displayed.

- Grid: Selecting the background grid

o Explosive mass
o Explosion time
o Vibration measurement value
o Vibration measurement time

o Show detonation color: When selected, the detonation color is displayed in

the explosive chart.

o Arrange the explosive information backward: When selected, the explo-

sives information is displayed on the background and the vibration infor-
mation on the foreground.

o Information: Displaying the vibration measurement specific information on

the form.

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- Zoom in: Zooming in the view.

o In use: When selected, the view zooming in can be used.
o Reset: Resetting the zooming.

- Vibration measurement information

o Horizontal measurement point: Displaying the vibration on the meas-
urement point horizontal axis direction
o Vertical measurement point: Displaying the vibration on the measure-
ment point vertical axis direction
o Longitudinal measurement point: Displaying the vibration on the
measurement point longitudinal axis direction

- Access to
o Drill plan: Activation of a specific drill plan
o Data collection: Activation of a specific data collection

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6.3.13.1 Importing the vibration measurement information from file

Vibration measurement information is imported from menu File -> Import vibration meas-
urement from file. The supported file formats are MiniMate Plus and Sandvik vibration
measurement information XML.

The round PEG number where the vibration measurement was done is set while import-
ing the file. .

This is a voluntary procedure, but when the PEG number has been given, the data col-
lection of the specific drill plan is easier to find. The PEG number can also be set to In-
formation data.

The following general data of the vibration measurement file is displayed:

Note- field can be used for the users own comments

The vibration measurement data opened on the form can be added to the tunnel plan. A
file is generated to the project tree.

When a vibration measurement file is selected, a tooltip is displayed showing general in-
formation on the file.

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6.3.14 Checking the drill plan

The drill plan is always checked when one is performing the ’Export’ function. It can also

be checked via the button.

The following checks are performed for the drill plan:

- Check that each hole belongs to the sequence.
- Check that all holes have a roll-over angle defined for the boom according to the se-
quence.
- Check that the drilling hole type has been defined for all drill plan holes.
- Check that a charge has been defined for all the drill plan holes, except for the ream-
ing holes. If a hole is missing a charge, the hole type is indicated in the checking
window, because there is no need to define a charge for all hole types.
- Check that a detonator has been defined for the charged holes. The hole type is pre-
sented in the checking window, as a detonator is not defined for all hole types.
- The hole length is greater than zero meters.
- Checking the length of the charge. During this the hole length is compared to charge
length. Charge length is calculated as bottom charge length plus column length plus
uncharged section length. If the difference is greater than 0.1 m, a warning message
is displayed
- Check that the start and end points for holes are not on top of each other.
- Check that direction angles are not equal to zero (this reduces the risk of starting a
new hole at the bottom of a drilled hole from previous round) (Risk of hitting an un-
blasted detonator)
- If surface delays have been used, perform the following checks:
o Check that all defined surface delay areas have a specified surface delay.
o Check that all holes belong to a surface delay group, and that all surface de-
lay groups are included in the connections.
o The total delay of surface delay groups connected in series should be less
than the smallest detonator delay used in the plan.

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Figure 64 Summary of the drill plan check

The window indicates the number of holes, drill plan length, results of the different
checks, and number of warnings in the drill plan.

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6.3.15 3D view of the drill plan

The drill plan is presented in 3D format in a separate window, which can be opened for
the active drill plan via View -> View 3D in the main menu or in the context menu. Only
one screen showing the active drill plan can be opened.

Figure 65 3D view of the drill plan

The 3D view contains the following functions, which can be performed from the context
menu for the screen or in the main menu.

- Free Look: When selected while the left mouse button pressed and held down, the
camera turns, and when the right mouse button is pressed and held down, the cam-
era moves (PAN).
- Rotation: When selected and the left mouse button is pressed and held down, the
drill plan can be rotated, and when the right mouse button is pressed and held down,
the camera zooms in relation to the origin.
- Lock Y-axis: When selected, locks the Y-axis in rotate mode.
- View Front: Shows a view of the front side of the drill plan.
- View Top: Shows a view of the top side of the drill plan.
- View Left: Shows a view of the left side of the drill plan.
- View Right: Shows a view of the right side of the drill plan.
- Fit Screen: Fits the drill plan to the screen.
- Show Axis: Displays the coordinate axes.
- Show Profiles: Displays the face and bottom profiles.
- Show Navigation Plane: When selected, displays the shape of the navigation plane
(on the basis of the hole start points). The profile is defined based on the assumed
face-drilling holes.

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- Show Hole End Plane: When selected, displays the shape of the blast plane (on the
basis of the hole end points). The profile is defined based on the assumed face-
drilling holes.
- Color by Charge: When selected, the hole color is determined by the charge.
- Color by Drilling Hole Type: When selected, the hole color is determined by the
drilling hole type.
- Highlight Selected Holes: Highlights the holes selected in the drill plan design win-
dow.
- Highlight Contour Holes: Highlights the holes in the profile.
- Highlight Aidrow 1 Holes: Highlights the holes in the first aidrow.
- Highlight Aidrow 2 Holes: Highlights the holes in the second aidrow.
- Highlight Aidrow 3..n Holes: Highlights the holes in the third and the following ai-
drows.
- Highlight Field Holes: Highlights the field holes.

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6.3.16 'View 2D Tunnel' - form

View 2D- Tunnel form is used to assist drill plan design for a curved tunnel. In this form, a
top view of the drill plan together with the tunnel with set radius and feed unit positions for
each hole are displayed. View 2D- Tunnel helps during the hole placement - , hole depth
- and hole direction design work phases.

View 2D- Tunnel form can be activated during any of the work phases using View 2D -
Tunnel selection from main form View-menu or from context-menu. The form can be at-
tached to a desired place in the main form. View 2D- Tunnel form presents tunnel walls
(face and bottom profiles) according to a set tunnel radius and feed unit position for each
hole (show feeders selection).

Figure 66 'View 2D Tunnel' - form

Form has following selections:

- Radius of the tunnel line (m): . Defining of the tunnel curve radius

- Direction of the tunnel: Defining curve turning direction (left or right)

- Show feeds: Show feed rails as an extension to each hole to check the mechanical
outreach of it.

Form presents tunnel walls based on start- and end profiles.

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6.4 Design window of the drill plan

The drill plan is designed in different phases in order to clarify the plan design. Each work
phase has its own view of the drill plan, and each design phase has an active set of tools.
By default, designing the drill plan is performed in the following order but the order is not
restricted.

Work phases of the drill plan design:

1. Creating a theoretical excavation profile
2. Determining auxiliary profiles
3. Defining the position of holes
4. Defining depths of the holes
5. Directing the holes
6. Defining the drill sequence
7. Defining the roll-over angle
8. Defining the order of detonation
9. Defining the surface delay
10. Defining the drilling hole type

Note! When editing the drill plan in previous work phases, it may be necessary to
perform the following work phases again.

Figure 67 Design window of the drill plan

The drill plan design window has an automatically adjusted grid and origin indicator. The
buttons in the design window can be used to select the desired work phase. The arrow
buttons can be used to move to the previous or next work phase.

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6.4.1 The drill plan design window's context menu

Depending on the work phase, the context menu in the drill plan design window has the
following functions:
 Show 3D: Opening the drill plan in 3D view. See 6.3.15
 Show 2D Tunnel: Opening the drill plan in 2D in tunnel view. See 6.3.16
 Filter...: Opening the selection dialogue of the auxiliary profiles presented in the window.
 Rig position: Opening the drilling rig position dialog.
 Snap to.....: Selecting the cursor focus point from the following:
o Spacing: Reference point spacing, the distance of which is set with the operational
parameters.
o Element
o Node: To the element nodes.
o Intersection
o Hole
 Grid: Displays the grid.
 Origin: Displays the origin.
 Select and move: Switches to select and move mode.
 Zoom Window:
o PAN: Moves the display laterally with the mouse.
o Zoom window: Displays the selected view with the mouse.
o Fit Screen: Fits the drill plan to the screen (10% empty space is left at the margins)
o Zoom in: Mode for zooming in the view (works also with the mouse roller and ‘+’
key).
o Zoom out: Mode for zooming out the view (works also with the mouse roller and ‘+’
key).
o Increase Hole Size: Increases the hole symbol size (works also with the Home
key).
o Decrease Hole Size: Decreases the hole symbol size (works also with the End key).
o Increase Hole Text: Increases the text size used for the hole symbol (works also
with the ‘Ctrl +’ keys).
o Decrease Hole Text: Decreases the text size used for the hole symbol (works also
with the ‘Ctrl –’ keys).

 Show:
o Show Specific Charge q[kgREF/m]: Shows the specific charge as a numeric value
beside of each the holes.
o Show Hole Burden Circle: Shows the burden circle of each of the holes
o Show Node Position: Shows the node positions.
o Direction Lines: Shows the direction line of the hole.
o Show Hole Number: Shows the ID number of the hole.

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o Show Hole Y position [m]: Shows the depth of the hole and Y coordinate of the
hole bottom.
o Show hole X/Z-position [m]: Shows the X/Z position of the edited end of the hole.
o Show Hole Length Along the Hole [m]: Shows the length of the hole.
o Show Fracture: Shows the fracture zone.
o Show Detonator ID: Shows the detonator ID with the hole.
o Show Timing with Surface Delay: Shows detonator total delay with hole (detonator
+ total delay time of surface delays).
o Show Grid: Shows auxiliary grid
o Show Origin: Shows origin
o Show Layer Tool: Shows the drawing layer selection tool in the toolbar.
o Show Rig Position: Shows the rig silhouette in the design window.
o Show Boom Coverage Area: Shows the boom coverage area in the design window.
If one or several holes are selected, following functions can be selected from context menu:
 Group: Determines a group of holes. Can be used to, e.g., define the holes for the opening.
The purpose of a group of holes is to facilitate importing and pasting an opening from another
drill plan.
o Add to: Adds a hole to the group (keyboard: G). With a field element, setting one
hole changes all holes to hole-group holes. All holes in the hole group can be select-
ed via ‘Edit -> Select Group’ in the main menu.
o Remove from: Removes a hole from the group (keyboard: G). With a field element,
removing one hole from the group removes all holes.
o Set as Origin: Set a hole as the origin of the group (keyboard: O). Sets the selected
hole as the origin of the group. The selection is active if only one hole has been se-
lected. The group of holes can have only one origin, so only the latest selection is
valid. With the origin, the group of holes can be moved or pasted to an absolute posi-
tion.
 Charge: Defining charge of a separate hole
 Hide Hole: Sometimes holes are close to each other and hiding the other makes editing eas-
ier. Hided holes are displayed in grey, and they cannot be edited. Reopening of a drill plan
reveals all holes active

 Show Hole: Reveals a previously hided hole. Returns the editing possibilities of previously
hidden hole.
 Cut: Cuts the selected object(s).
 Copy: Copies the selected object(s).
 Paste: Pastes the cut/copied objects.
When pasting holes, a window opens for specifying the position of the holes in the target
plan. If the position of the holes to be pasted can be determined absolutely, this selection
is on by default and the original location of the object is indicated in the window.
 Delete: Deletes the selected object(s).
 Properties: Opens the properties of the selected object(s).

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6.4.2 Drill plan drawing layers

Assisting Line layers assists the design by enabling extra lines and texts to be placed on
these layers. These layers are there as a visual aid. They can be included in the
printouts.
The drilling plan drawing layer selection tool is opened via View -> Show layer tool in the
main menu.

Figure 68 Selecting the drawing layer

Different layers to be selected:
 Normal: Designs the work phase. Default selection in all work phases.
 Assisting Line 1: Assisting line layer 1. In all work phases.
 Assisting Line 2 : Assisting line layer 2. In all work phases.
 Pilot : Defines a pilot tunnel. Can only be selected in the definition phase of a
theoretical excavation profile.
When a drawing layer is selected, the elements on other layers change to gray, and new
elements can only be added on the selected layer. The elements in layers are drawn in
color, and they can be edited via the operational parameters via Options -> Drill Plan De-
sign -> Layer Colors.
The pilot tunnel profile is designed on the Pilot drawing layer according to the same prin-
ciple as the theoretical excavation profile. Described in section 5.1.
Assisting line 1 and 2 layers can be used for adding lines, circles, curves, and text to the
drill plan. The following tools can be used:

1. 2.
Figure 69 Tools for adding lines, circles, arcs and text

In addition to the tools presented in section 5.1.2, the toolbar includes the following tools:
1. The line properties setting tool.
This tool sets the line width and type. When the property has been set, all the lines
drawn after this are drawn with these settings. The properties of a single line can also
be edited from the Properties table.
2. The Text tool.
The Text tool allows you to add text to the drawing layer either horizontally or verti-
cally.

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6.4.3 Measuring tool

A measuring tool for measuring distances is in use on all drawing layers and in all design
phases. The measuring tool can be opened in the main menu by selecting Tools ->
Measuring Tool, the key combination Ctrl+M, or by using the toolbar button.
Operation of the measuring tool:
- When you select the distance measuring tool, the selection is indicated with the
mouse cursor.
- Use the mouse to select the first measuring point, and press the left mouse button.
The snap function can be used in the selection of measuring points.
- A line is drawn from the first measuring point to the mouse cursor, and the length of
the measured line is indicated on the status bar. Select another measuring point,
and press the left mouse button. Holding down the Shift button at the same time
simplifies the measuring of vertical distances, and holding down the Ctrl button sim-
plifies the measuring of horizontal distances.
- A measuring line is drawn between the measuring points. The distance between the
measuring points is indicated at the line and on the status bar [m]. The status bar al-
so indicates ∆X and ∆Z.

Figure 70 Measuring tool

- When you select the measuring point again, it can be moved to another location.
- Selecting a new start point deletes the previous measuring line, and a new meas-
urement can be performed.
- The measuring tool is deactivated by using the ESC button, or by selecting another
tool.

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6.4.4 Presenting the hole symbol in the design window

The start and end points of the hole are presented with different symbols in the drill plan
design window.
In the detonating work stage, the color of the hole symbol is defined according to the det-
onator, and in the hole type stage according to the hole type. In other work stages, the
hole symbol color is defined according to the charge.
The hole selection is presented by surrounding the hole symbol and highlighting the hole
direction line. The highlighting color of the selected hole can be defined with the opera-
tional parameters (Drill Plan design).
The size of the hole symbol can be increased and decreased with the ‘Home’ and ‘End’
buttons.

Figure 71 Presenting the hole symbol in the design window

6.4.5 Hole selection methods

The drill plan and bolt plan design window contains the following hole selection methods
in different design phases:

- Point at a single hole and press the left mouse button. The hole is selected.
- Double-click a hole. All holes in this aidrow, field element, or drilling sequence are se-
lected.
- Select several holes by holding the Shift or Ctrl button down.
 Select two holes in the auxiliary profile with the Shift key held down. These
holes and the holes between them are selected (clockwise from the first se-
lected hole in the profile).
 Select two holes of the same sequence (sequence in the work phase) with
the Shift key held down. These holes and the holes between them in the se-
quence are selected. The function only enables selection of holes in the
same sequence.
 With the Ctrl key held down, holes can be added to or deleted from the se-
lection by selecting individual holes or using range selection.
- Use the mouse to outline a rectangular area within which all holes are selected.
- Select overlapping objects with the Alt key held down. For example, the field element
can be used to select the Charge Class -> Field element -> Hole.
The hole selection is presented with the hole symbol and the direction line of the selected
hole highlighted in a different color. The number of selected holes is presented in status
line.

The hole selection is a common function between different design phases. The holes se-
lected in the work phase remain selected when moving to other work phases. Common
properties of the selected holes are presented in the ‘Properties’ window. When the user
sets the property of the hole, the same property is set for all selected holes.

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6.4.6 Copying and pasting field holes and elements

While planning the hole positions (in the Hole Placement design phase), the user may
copy holes and field elements from one plan to another or within a single plan. The se-
lected holes are copied by using the main window menu's Edit -> Copy function, using
the context menu, or pressing Ctrl + C. The holes are pasted by using the main window
menu's Edit -> Paste function, using the context menu, or pressing Ctrl + V. When you
are pasting holes, a window opens for specifying the position of the holes to be pasted.

Figure 72 Pasting field holes and elements

Absolute pasting is possible in the following situations:

- A single hole has been copied.

- One hole in a field element has been copied, in which case it is possible to speci-
fy the new position of the selected hole and move the field element with it. When
a hole or holes in a field element are selected, the copying/pasting affects all
holes in the field element and the element itself.
- The hole specified as the origin of the group of holes is among the holes or field
elements copied. The application will paste all copied holes (also those not be-
longing to the group of holes) on the basis of the origin coordinates entered by
the user.
In other situations, only relative pasting is possible.

When copying from one plan to another, the target plan tables are used. For this reason,
the number and depth of holes may change when copying field elements.

Copying between navigation and blast plane design is not possible.

The application will prompt the user if an attempt is made to paste holes on top of each
other.

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Elements can also be copied from the assisting line layer to field elements, for example
in situations where drill plan has been pre-defined and it has to be copied into use. Alt-
hough, this method will remove the benefits of the drill plan optimization.

Figure 73 Copying field elements from assisting line layer 1 to the drill plan (Normal layer)

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6.4.7 Mirroring the drill plan

A finished drill plan or a drill plan under design can be copied as its mirror image in all
work phases. Mirroring is started by using the main menu to select Tools -> Mirror Drill
Plan...

Figure 74 Mirroring the drill plan

In the window that opens, enter the information used in the mirroring:
 Selecting the drill rig: Select a drill rig from the drop down menu for setting
the boom mirroring. The drop down menu is visible when more than one drill
rig exists in the drill plan.
 Mirror plane X axis
 Booms correspond with booms in the mirrored drill plan. Default data will be
imported from the drilling rigs RIG file: Boom sequence mapping.
When the user accepts the data by clicking OK, the window presenting general infor-
mation on the drill plan opens (see General information of the drill plan (Information)),
where the user can enter information for a new drill plan. All the information of the original
plan's tables is copied to the new, mirrored drill plan.

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6.4.8 Moving the drill plan origin

The drill plan origin can be moved in all work phases using a separate tool that can be
opened by using Tools -> Move Drill Plan Origin in the main menu. In the window that
opens, the value of the move of the origin is defined in relative terms.

Figure 75 Moving the drill plan origin

When the user accepts the data by clicking OK, the drill plan origin is moved to the speci-
fied position.

6.4.9 Selection of assisting profiles and drawing layers

presented in the design window

The assisting profiles and drawing layers presented in the drill plan's design window can
be defined in the window that opens with the context menu's Filters function, with the
main window's Tools -> Options… function, or by clicking the work phase selection button
while holding down the right mouse button.

Figure 76 Design window filters

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6.4.10 Go to - functionality

Data collection files are created when rounds are drilled according to the drill plan. The
same drill plan can be utilized also for drilling other rounds.

Go to-function allows quick opening of the data collection files created when drilling
rounds using a drill plan. The drill plan can be opened the same way.

Go to-functionality in the data collection context menu:

Data collection context-menu has Go To Drill Plan command, which can be used to open
the drill plan that was used for drilling the round. The selection will be shown with a grey
color if the plan does not exist in the project tree. A tooltip will show the drill plan name. A
shortcut Ctrl + D opens the function.

Go to-functionality in the drill plan context menu:

Go to Data Collection – menu selection shows all data collection files that are drilled with
the specific drill. A tooltip shows the PEG-number for the data collection file. The user
can access the desired data collection file from the menu.

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Graphical explosion summary – view also has a Go To- menu, which allows navigation to
drill plan and data collection. The data collection is selected according to the drill plan
and PEG-number.

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6.5 Exporting the drill plan

The active drill plan is saved for export to the drilling rig as follows:

- Select the drill plan from Project Explorer and perform File -> Generate Drill Rig
File… from the context menu or the main menu.
- In the ‘Save As’ dialog, select the file location, name, and file format from the follow-
ing:
o Sandvik v. 11.0 drill plan *.dp (i-series)
o Drill plan transportation format to rig *.tpl (TDATA & TCAD)
- Perform the drill plan check when saving. Errors in the check do not prevent saving
the drill plan.
If more than one drill rig has been defined to be used in the drill plan, and individual Drill
Rig File can be saved for each rig. The file will include all drill plan holes, but only the
drilling sequences specified for the rig selected. The rig ID is added to the file name, for
example drill_plan_rig_1.dp.

Due to restrictions in TDATA & TCAD drilling, notifications are given to the user in the fol-
lowing situations when saving a TPL file:
- Hole count exceeds 169 or 222.
- Number of holes in the sequence exceeds 90.
- The comment field contains special characters, Scandinavian characters (‘ä’ and ‘ö’),
or line feeds.

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6.6 Converting a PLA drill plan to Sandvik format

A PLA drill plan (Visual Design) can be converted to Sandvik format without opening the
drill plan in the design screen. The function is performed by selecting ‘Tools -> Convert
PLA’ in the main menu. The following window is displayed.

Figure 77 Converting a PLA drill plan to Sandvik format

The window is used to select a source drill plan, upon which the drill plan is shown in the
preview. The preview is used to present the source profile, start points of the holes, and
direction angle lines of the drill plan. The file change can be performed if the target drill
plan file has been selected and the length of the drill plan has been set. The length of the
drill plan must be set as the PLA file does not contain this value, which is used to direct
the drill plan in the drilling rig.

The PLA- drill plan cannot be edited in iSure due to different design modeling.

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7 WORK PHASES IN DESIGNING THE

DRILL PLAN

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7.1 Defining the profile

The theoretical profile is defined in this work phase as described in 5 THEORETICAL
EXCAVATION PROFILE.

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7.2 Determining auxiliary profiles

Auxiliary profiles are defined in accordance with the theoretical excavation profile in the
‘Assisting Profiles’ work phase. The work phase is used to define the distance of the
auxiliary profiles to the theoretical excavation profile. The defined auxiliary profiles and
their use:
 Minimum tolerance profile: The minimum tolerance profile; presented in printouts.
 Face profile: The face profile; used to design the start point of the holes.
 Bottom profile: The bottom profile; used to design the end point of the holes.
 Maximum tolerance profile: The maximum tolerance profile; presented in printouts.
 Fracture: The allowed fracture zone on the navigation plane and blast plane. On the
navigation plane, the distance is defined from the face profile and, on the blast plane,
from the bottom profile.

Figure 78 Determining auxiliary profiles

When you are selecting the assisting profile with the mouse, its properties are presented
in the ‘Properties’ window.

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Figure 79 Properties window

Area: Area of the selected profile (with different fracture profile).

Base Value: This value indicates the distance of the auxiliary profile to the theoretical
excavation profile when all auxiliary profile elements are at the same distance. An empty
‘Base Value’ indicates that not all elements are at the same distance, or that the common
distance of the elements does not differ from the default distance. When you are setting
the distance of the assisting profile to ‘Base Value’, the distance of all elements is set to
this value.

Element [ID]: The distance of an individual element from the theoretical excavation pro-
file. Can be set element-specifically.

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7.3 Defining the hole position

The position of the hole is defined in the ‘Hole Placement’ work phase. In blast plane de-
sign, the X/Z projection of the end point of the hole is defined in accordance with the
charge calculation. In navigation plane design, the start point of the hole is defined with-
out any charge calculation.

The status bar is used to present the number of holes in the drill plan (‘reaming’ hole type
is calculated as a single hole and the ‘waypoint’ hole type is not included).

7.3.1 Toolbar options for defining hole positions

The tools of the third work phase (Hole Placement) are changed in accordance with the
design plane as follows:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Figure 80 Toolbar options for defining hole positions

1. Hole Number Setting: Setting the hole ID number (Edit -> Set hole number). Opera-
tion of the tool:

- Select the hole where you wish to start the numbering.

- Select the hole numbering tool. A dialog with a default hole number is shown
along with the hole. This number can be changed, and it is assigned to the hole
by clicking the Set button.

- Next select the hole to be numbered; this will automatically increase the hole
number by one.

If the user sets an existing hole number ID, the hole numbers are changed.

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2. Move the hole: Moving single holes and holes in a field element (Edit -> Move
Hole).

Operation of the tool: Select the hole(s) to be moved and activate the tool. A window
opens for specifying the value and type of movement. When you select ‘Relative’, the
movement is performed relatively according to the X and Z values set. When you select
‘Absolute’, the movement is performed absolutely to the point set. Absolute movement is
possible in the following situations: a single hole – separate or included in an element –
has been selected, or the selection includes the origin of a group of holes.

Figure 81 Defining the hole position (moving the hole)

3. Add position master hole in the drill plan: Inserting a position master hole for an
assisting profile or an element and adding a single field hole freely in the plan area (Add -
> Hole). The charge class is defined between two position master holes.

4. Add aidrow: Inserting an aidrow in the navigation plane design (Edit -> Add aidrow).

5. Delete aidrow: Deleting an aidrow in the navigation plane design (Edit -> Delete ai-
drow).

6. Add field line: Adding a ‘line’ field element with the mouse in both design methods
(Add -> Field line).

7. Add field curve: Adding a ‘curve’ field element with the mouse in both design meth-
ods (Add -> Field curve).

8. Add field circle: Adding a ‘circle’ field element with the mouse in both design methods
(Add -> Field circle).

9. Add field line: Adding a ‘line’ field element numerically in both design methods (Add -
> Field line (coordinates)).

10. Add field curve: Adding a ‘curve’ field element numerically in both design methods
(Add -> Field curve (coordinates)).

11. Add field circle: Adding a ‘circle’ field element numerically in both design methods
(Add -> Field circle (coordinates)).

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7.3.2 Defining hole positions in blast plane design

Setting the position master holes for the bottom profile: To insert a hole, choose the
‘Add hole’ function. The hole symbol is then shown along with the mouse cursor. The ap-
plication assists in setting the hole for the bottom profile. The hole is inserted in the pro-
file with the left mouse button. The hole symbol defines the X/Z projection of the hole bot-
tom on the blast plane. The actual end point of the hole is defined in accordance with the
depth and direction angles.

Figure 82 Setting the position master holes for the bottom profile

Note: When the profiles overlap, the position master hole is always added to the outer
aidrow. To move the hole to the inner aidrow, drag it into position along the aidrow.

Figure 83 Setting the position master hole to the inner aidrow

Defining holes between position master holes: Pre-completed tables (see Section 6.3
Drill plan design windows) can be used as help in setting holes, or the hole determination
criteria can be defined manually. When the area between position master holes (charge
class) is selected with the mouse, its properties are presented in the ‘Properties’ window.

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The charge class can be selected from the context menu. According to the selection
(BOTTOM, WALL, ROOF, or NO HOLES), the application creates holes for the charge
class on the basis of the table data. With ‘NO HOLES’ selected, no holes are created.

Figure 84 Defining holes between position master holes

‘Edit Charge Class' opens a window for editing the charge class data.

Figure 85 Editing the charge class

The operation of the fields corresponds to that of the specific charge table columns (refer
to 6.3.3 Explosive List, Hole Charge Table, and Burden and Spacing Table).
Save these values to charge class saves the entered data in the selected class in the
specific charge table.
Make modified does not save the entered data in the table, only in the selected charge
class.
The Advanced button opens/closes a window for specifying an even number of holes.

The window can also be opened by clicking the button in the Properties window.

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Creating an aidrow (screen curve): The application uses the front circle of the holes to
automatically create a screen curve on which the user can set the position master holes
of the next aidrow. The number of the aidrows is not limited by the program, the only limit
comes from the size of the drill plan. Aidrow 3 and the adjacent aidrows (4..) use the
same charge class by default. The aidrows are automatically removed when removing
the position master holes. The whole aidrow can be removed by, e.g., double-clicking a
hole in the aidrow to select all holes in the aidrow and then clicking ‘Delete’.
Defining the holes of the opening: An opening is formed from single holes and/or field
elements. The opening holes can also be copied from another drill plan or imported by
means of the ‘Import data…’ function. A drill plan can be opened in another design win-
dow where the holes of the opening can be copied and pasted onto the designed drill
plan.
The holes of the opening can be set to be grouped holes. This makes it easier to import
the opening holes from another drill plan, copy the holes, and move the holes.
Defining field holes: The field holes are defined with individual holes or with line, curve,
or circle elements. The ends of the element have preset position master holes, between
which the application adds holes according to the charge class selected.

Figure 86 Creating aidrow holes

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7.3.2.1 Burden calculation and fracturing

The front circle around the hole describes the blast affected zone (rock removal area).
The front circle radius is calculated with the hole distance, specific charge, and charge
level using the following equation:

V = I / (q x E), where
- V = front circle radius [m]
- q = specific charge [kgREF/m3]
- E = hole distance [m]
- l = charge level [kgREF/m]

The front circle calculation can also be performed on the basis of the hole spac-
ing/burden (S/B) ratio if the ‘Spacing type’ is set to ‘Aim Spacing/Burden’ in the specific
charge table.

To display the fracture zone in conjunction with the holes, use the View menu or context
menu to select Show Fracture. The fracture zone is presented around the projection of
the bottom of the hole. The distance of the fracture zone is determined by the bottom pro-
file. The user can define the projection of the bottom of the hole so that the fracture zone
does not exceed the allowed fracture.

Figure 87 Display of the fracture zone

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7.3.3 Defining hole positions in navigation plane design

The design phases of the drill plan in the navigation plane differ from the blast plane de-
sign because no charge calculation is used:
Setting the position master holes for the face profile: To insert a hole, choose the
‘Add position master hole to drill plan’ function. The application assists in setting the hole
in the face profile. The hole is inserted in the profile with the left mouse button. The hole
symbol indicates the start point position of the hole in the navigation plane.
Defining holes between position master holes: The application generates holes be-
tween position master holes using the same principle as in blast plane design. Generat-
ing holes using the spacing to burden ratio is not possible.
The context menu's Edit Charge Class opens a window for setting the charge class data
as defined in the blast plane design.

Figure 88 Editing the charge class

Creating aidrows: The application does not create aidrows automatically. The user must
perform this task via the ‘Add aidrow’ function. The application adds an aidrow using the
distance provided by the user. Position master holes can be set for the aidrow in the
same way as with the face profile. The user can select an aidrow and edit the element
distance values so that the aidrows are updated on the basis of the new values. When
the spacing of an individual aidrow is changed, the distance between the unchanged ai-
drows remains unchanged. When moving the outermost aidrow, the inner aidrows are
moved according to their set spacing. An aidrow can be deleted with the ‘Remove aidrow’
function.
Holes in the opening are designed using the same principle as in blast plane design. The
only difference is that the start points of the holes are defined.
Field holes are designed using the same principle as in blast plane design. The only dif-
ference is that the start points of the holes are defined.

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7.3.4 Mirroring separate holes and field elements

In the Hole Placement work phase, the user can mirror the desired single holes or holes
located on a field element. Copies are mirrored from the holes, and the information relat-
ed to the original holes remains unchanged.
When the user has selected the desired holes, they can be mirrored with the Edit ->
Copy/Mirror Holes... tool.

Figure 89 Copy/Mirror Holes function

The window that opens asks the user to enter a mirror plane location and axis (X- or Z-),
and when the user accepts the entered data by clicking OK, copies of the selected holes
are mirrored according to the desired plane.

7.3.5 Designing injection holes

The designing of injection holes has been simplified such that the holes can be set to the
target length, and they can be oriented according to the u and v angles provided that the
Lock into Profile function has not been set for the holes in question. The hole can be set
to maintain its length (along the hole) by means of the ‘Length along hole locked’ function
(default value: False). All of the holes have this property in the third and fourth work
phases.
When the ‘Length along hole locked’ property is active:
- Changing hole direction changes the hole's Y∆ value such that the length along
the hole remains the same. The Y∆ value cannot be entered.
- Changing default depths changes the length (Y∆ remains the same).
- The hole length can change when Copy/Paste is used, if the default depths for
the plans are different (Y∆ remains the same).
- If you attempt to orient the hole too far, so that the start and end point distance
from the x-z plane exceeds the given length, the user is notified of this, and the
orientation is prevented.

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7.4 Defining hole depths

In 'Hole Depth'- work phase the hole depths can be set to a desired value, independent
of values in ' Hole Default Depths'- table. Hole depths can be set numerically with ' Hole
Y-position Setting'- tool or graphically by cutting with line or arc.
Work phase has following tools:

1 2 3 4

1. Front View: viewing the drill plan form the front (X/Z plane). Numerical hole depth
setting is possible.
2. Top View: viewing the drill plan from the top (X/Y plane). Hole depth cutting is possi-
ble.
3. Side View: viewing the drill plan from the side (Z/Y plane). Hole depth cutting is pos-
sible.
4. Setting hole depth: Setting the depth of selected hole(s) (Edit -> Hole Y-position
Setting). The operation of the tool: if one or several holes are selected when tool is
activated, the current hole depth is displayed beside the hole(s). New hole depth can
be edited and set. When tools is visible, new holes can be added to selection by us-
ing Shift- or Ctrl- button together with the mouse.

Figure 90 Defining hole depth

 Absolute: Setting hole depths to an absolute value

 Relative: decreasing (negative number) or increasing (positive number) the cur-
rent value by a given value

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7.4.1 Cutting hole depths with a drawn element

Hole depths can be adjusted also by cutting the hole depths with an line or arc. During
this functionality, one or several line or arc elements can be drawn on top of the holes
and then cutting is activated. Elements can be drawn in side- and/or top views. Elements
can be copied from other work phases or drill plans.
Following tools are available for cutting the hole depths:

1 2 3 4 5

1. Hole depth cutter: Cuts the depths according to a drawn element

2. Create a line: Drawing of a cut line with mouse
3. Create an arc: drawing an arc with a mouse
4. Create a line (numerical): drawing a line with numerical input of endpoints
5. Create an arc (numerical): drawing an arc with numerical input

Figure 91 Cutting the hole depth with a drawn element.

Hole depth cutter- tool has to be used after the creation (or move) of a cut line. If multiple
overlapping lines are set, hole depth is determined according to the closest cut line in re-
spect to the navigation plane.
Cutting of the depths works in a way that maintains the hole position in respect to profile.
'Delete'- functionality sets the default depth to selected holes.

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7.5 Defining the hole direction angle

Holes are oriented according to the direction angle master (Direction Master) property on
the basis of interpolation. Direction angles need not be defined separately for all holes,
but direction angle master holes can be defined, and the application automatically inter-
polates the angle of direction of holes between the direction angle master holes in ac-
cordance with the angle of direction of the direction angle master holes. The hole symbol
is larger if the hole has a direction angle master property. The size of the hole symbol
can be changed with the ‘Home’ and ‘End’ buttons.

In blast plane design, the hole end points are represented by a small diamond, and the
start points by a circle in the design window. A dim line is shown between the start points
of the holes in the same aidrow, field element, or profile. Using the mouse, the start point
of the hole can be grabbed and a new position defined, in which case the direction an-
gles of the hole are defined on the basis of the start point. The direction angle master
property of the directed hole is activated and, on this basis, the holes between the direc-
tion angle master holes are interpolated.

In navigation plane design, the diamond describing the end point of the hole is presented
as a bigger symbol in the design window. This can be grabbed with the mouse and the
hole end point can be set while the start point remains in place. The direction angles of
the hole are determined according to the end point.

Figure 91 Defining the hole direction angle

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7.5.1 ‘Lock to profile’ property

The Lock to profile property makes it easier for the user to set the profile holes between
the face profile and bottom profile. With the direction angle master holes in the profile, the
‘Lock to profile’ property is enabled by default.
The property can be removed by selecting the area between start points of the direction
angle master holes and setting ‘Lock to Profile-> false’ in the ‘Properties’ window.

Figure 92 Lock to profile property

In blast plane design, the start points of the holes are locked in the face profile. In naviga-
tion plane design, the end points of the holes are locked in the bottom profile.

7.5.2 Target point orientation tool

In the hole orientation phase, the toolbar and main menu offers a directing point tool at
Edit -> Target point orientation.

Hole target point: Orients the selected holes with a fixed point (Edit -> Target point ori-
entation). To set the fixed point, a window is displayed showing a side view and top view
of the drill plan holes. The fixed point is defined with the left mouse button or numerically.
The fixed point may also be in front of the navigation plane. The selected holes will be-
come position master holes after orientation.

The right mouse button can be used to PAN the view and the mouse roller can be used
to ZOOM it.

Orienting with the fixed point is a one-time procedure and the fixed point is not saved for
later use.

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Figure 93 Target point orientation tool

When ‘Show Feeders’ is selected, the feed is shown with the hole, and its length is speci-
fied in the ‘Rig’ data.

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7.5.2.1 Moving and copying the direction angle master property

The direction angle master property and direction angles of the hole can be transferred to
another hole by selecting the end point of the hole with the mouse and exporting the
property to another hole using the drag and drop technique. Copying the direction angle
master property and direction angles from one hole to another can be performed with the
same principle, but the Ctrl key must be held down when releasing the left mouse button.
When the Alt key is held down, the direction angles of the holes can be copied to the op-
posite side of the drill plan.

The direction angle master property of the selected direction angle master hole is re-
moved with the Delete key. When you are selecting a direction angle master hole, the fol-
lowing properties are assigned to it in the ‘Properties’ window.

- Hole ID: Presenting and setting the hole ID number.

- Direction Master: indicates whether the hole is a di-
rection hole master hole [true/false].
- Hole Class: Hole type = position of the hole in the
plan.
- MWD: The hole is a data collection hole [true / false].
- X position: In blast plane design, the X coordinate
of the hole start point in the drill plan coordinates
[m]. In navigation plane design, the hole end point.
- Y position: Y coordinate of the end point of the hole
in the drill plan coordinates [m].
- Z position: In blast plane design, the Z coordinate
of the start point of the hole in the drill plan coordi-
nates [m]. In navigation plane design, the end point
of the hole.
- Y∆ to Default Depth: The difference between the
bottom and the default depth of the hole.
- Depth Change Behavior: Defining the hole chang-
ing criteria to be applied when the hole length is
changed. Angle Fixed: The direction angle of the
hole remains the same. Fixed start and end point:
Start and end points of the hole remain unchanged;
see the figure below
- Length Along the Hole: Hole length along the hole
- Fixed Length Along the Hole: Fixed hole length
[true/false].
- Default Depth: The default length of the hole, set in
the ‘Hole default depths ’ window.
- Alpha: Alpha angle of the hole [degrees].
- Beta: Beta angle of the hole [degrees].
- Look-out Radius: Hole drilling, measurement r in
the figure below [m].
- u: u angle of the hole [degree].
- v: v angle of the hole [degree].

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0

z

r
reikä hole
-90 90
x y

r
x
-180 180

Figure 94 Alpha and beta angles

Figure 95 U and V angles

Method
Tapa AA Method
Tapa BB

Bottom profile
Pistoprofiili Blast level
Blast-taso Pistoprofiili
Bottom profile Blast level
Blast-taso

Y Y

Z X Z X

Navigointitaso
Navigation plane Navigointitaso
Navigation plane

Figure 96 Method A - fixed angle. Method B - fixed start and end point

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7.6 Defining the drill sequence

The drilling sequence can be defined by either of two methods: manually or by importing
the realized sequences and roll-over angles to the plan from the data collection file.

7.6.1 Determining the sequence manually

For setting up the drill sequence in the drill plan design window, the design is transferred
to the navigation plane. The drilling sequence can only be defined for booms that are de-
fined in the ‘Rig Information’ window for use on the drilling rig.
To define the drilling sequence, the following toolbar buttons can be used.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Figure 97 Tools for defining the sequence manually

1. Edit sequence: Edits the sequence line (Edit -> Edit sequence). When the tool is en-
abled, the sequence line is presented with ‘grip handles’. These can be used to move the
sequence line to run through the desired hole. This can be done by clicking first the grip
handle and then the hole through which the sequence is to run.

Figure 98 Edit sequence tool

2. Reverse sequence: Reversing the sequence (Edit -> Reverse sequence). The tool is
active when successive holes have been selected from the sequence. The tool reverses
the order of the selected successive holes in the sequence.

3. Add waypoint: Adding a waypoint hole (Add -> Waypoint, CTRL+W). When the tool
is active, the waypoint hole is placed in the position indicated by the mouse cursor when
the left mouse button is pressed. The drilling sequence can be defined to run through the
waypoint hole. Waypoint hole location can be moved with mouse.

4. - button: Drilling sequence simulation transfer to the next hole in the sequence
(PageUp).

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5. - button: Drilling sequence simulation transfer to the previous hole in the se-
quence (Page Down).

Figure 99 Simulation of the drilling sequence

6. -button: Starting the drilling sequence simulation. Sequence simulation is

started from the selected hole. Simulation is started from the first hole in the se-
quence, if there are no selected hole(s).
7. - button: Stopping the drilling sequence simulation.
8. Drop down menu: Acceleration of the drilling sequence simulation. When ‘*10’ is
selected, acceleration of the sequence is 10 times the calculated drilling speed.
9. Selecting the drill rig: A drill rig is selected from the drop down menu for editing.
The drop down menu is visible when more than one drill rig exists in the dill plan.
10. Boom 1-4: Selecting the boom for editing (Edit -> Boom 1-4) when defining the drill-
ing sequence. The boom-specific color can be selected with the operational parame-
ters -> Rig. The buttons are defined according to the booms in use as defined in the
‘Rig’ data.

Phases of defining the drilling sequence:

1. Using the boom selection buttons, select the boom for which the sequence is defined.

2. Select the holes in drilling order by pressing the left mouse button. The sequence line
of the boom is drawn between the holes.

Figure 100 The sequence line between the holes

3. The boom change is performed with the boom selection button.

Properties of the window:

- Double-click the hole. All holes in this sequence become selected.
- To delete a hole in the sequence, select the hole and click ‘Delete’. All holes can be
deleted from the sequence by double-clicking a hole in the sequence and performing
the ‘Delete’ function.

The following hole data will be presented in the ‘Properties’ window when the hole is se-
lected in the sequence or roll-over work phases.

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- MWD: The hole is a data collection hole [true / false].

- X-position: Y coordinate of the start point of the hole
in the drill plan coordinates [m].
- Z-position: Z coordinate of the start point of the hole
in the drill plan coordinates [m].
- Default Boom: Boom whose sequence the hole be-
longs to.
- Sequence Number: Hole order in the sequence.
- Boom 2: Roll-over angle of the hole on boom 2 [de-
gree].
- Boom 3: Roll-over angle of the hole on boom 3 [de-
gree].
- Boom 4: Roll-over angle of the hole on boom 4 [de-
gree].
- Roll-over: Roll-over angle of the hole on the boom
whose sequence the hole belongs to [degree].

Status line indicates the number of holes in a sequence boom by boom basis as well as
total number of holes in the plan. Waypoint holes are not counted.

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7.6.2 Simulation of the drilling sequence

Drilling sequence simulation is started with the toolbar button and stopped
with button . Drilling sequence simulation speed is selected from the drop
down menu, * 10 – * 500 times the calculated speed can be selected. The arrow
buttons can be used for navigating to the next and previous drilled hole in the se-
quence. Navigation can be done during automatic operation or while stopped.

Drill plan view displays the currently drilled hole with a large circle. Simulation
point of time is shown on the status line. The simulation time can be set by se-
lecting a hole in the sequence.
Small circles represent drilled holes. The drilling of the hole is represented with
the hole direction line.

Representation of the drill sequence simulation on the drill plan form

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Drill sequence simulation is also represented on the 3D view. The view displays
the drill rod, feed, roll-over angle and the boom based on the drill sequence.
Feed length and boom assembly point is read from the RIG- file.

Representation of the drill sequence simulation on the drill plan 3D

The hole type color can be hidden to make the booms more visible.

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7.6.3 Importing sequence and roll-over angles from the da-

ta collection file

Sequence and roll-over data for holes can be imported to the active drill plan from the
rig's data collection file by means of a tool that is opened from the main menu by select-
ing File -> Import Drilling Sequence and Roll-over Angles…

Figure 101 Importing sequence and roll-over angles from the data collection file

 Separate File: Importing data collection information from a single file (*.ZDA or
*.DCL).
 Project: Importing data collection information from a tunnel project.

The window that opens shows the planned holes of the active drill plan. Either a single
file can be selected as the data collection file or the data collection information can be
imported from the active project.
After selection of the data collection file, the positions of the drilled holes in the file are
drawn in the window.

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Figure 102 Locations of the drilled holes on the window

The drilled holes of the active drill plan and the data collection file are not necessarily in
the same place. A tolerance that the user can set in the window (Tolerance radius) is
used for comparing holes. The holes that match each other within the tolerance limits set
in the navigation plane are indicated in the window with a green hole symbol. The data
collection holes that have no matching pair are indicated in red. The sequence and roll-
over angle data are only copied between holes that match one another.

In all cases, the holes of the drill plan and data collection file are not in the same coordi-
nate system. The data collection file holes can be moved in the plane (PAN) by holding
down the left mouse button. Holding down the right mouse button will move the entire
view.
The same number of booms must be in use in the data collection file as in the active drill
plan in order for the function to work.

Any sequence or roll-over angle data defined in the active drill plan will be deleted by the
tool before setting new values.

Clicking OK will copy the data from the data collection file to the designed drill plan, and
the window will close.

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7.7 Defining the roll-over angle

Drill plan roll-over angles can also be imported from data collection files; see section
7.5.2: Importing sequence and roll-over angles from the data collection file.

The roll-over angle of the hole can also be set for a boom whose sequence the hole does
not belong to. This is because, in some cases, the hole may be drilled with a boom
whose sequence the hole is not defined for.

When defining the roll-over angle, the start points of the hole are presented in the design
window. In the design phase, the roll-over angles of the hole can be defined for booms
which are defined in the ‘Rig’ window to be used on the drilling rig. To define the roll-over
angles, the following toolbar buttons can be used:

1 2 3 4 5
Figure 103 Tools for defining the roll-over angle

1. Selection of drill rig: Select a drill rig from the drop down menu for edition of the drill
sequence. The drop down menu is visible when there are more than one rig in the drill
plan.

2. Selection of boom 1-4: Selecting the drilling rig boom. After selection, the roll-over
angle of the hole will be set for the selected boom. When the selection is active, the
boom sequence and roll-over angle are presented in the design window. The function
can be used to define roll-over angles for ‘secondary booms’, i.e., booms whose se-
quence the hole does not belong to.
3. Default boom: Selection of the default boom (the boom with sequence that has the
current hole). When the selection is active, the roll-over angle for the hole is defined for
the default boom and the drill plan view displays the default boom sequence for the holes
and roll-over angle. The roll-over angle of a hole cannot be set for a boom if the hole
does not belong to its sequence.
4. Roll-over target point: Sets the roll-over angle of the selected holes with the target
point (Edit -> Roll-over target point). Before using the tool, select the boom to which the
roll-over angle will be set. When the tool is active, the roll-over angle of the selected
holes can be set with the mouse. Setting the roll-over angle can also be performed by se-
lecting each hole in turn and indicating its angle with the mouse.

5. Roll-over interpolate: Interpolating the roll-over angle (Edit -> Roll-over interpolate).
Interpolation of the roll-over angles is performed by selecting two holes in the sequence
and pressing this button. The roll-over angles between the selected holes are interpolat-
ed according to the selected holes.

Another method of performing the interpolation is as follows: activate the interpolation

tool, select the holes in the sequence one by one, and set the roll-over angles for the
holes with the mouse. The roll-over angles of the holes between the set holes will be in-
terpolated according to the set angles.

The Tools in items 3 and 4 set the boom sequence, which is selected in items 1 and 2.

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The roll-over angles of the selected holes can be removed with the ‘Delete’ button.

6. Automatic calculation of the roll-over angles: See section 7.7.1 Automatic calcula-
tion of the roll-over angles.

7.7.1 Automatic calculation of the roll-over angles

Hole roll-over angles can be automatically calculated for all booms. The user should al-
ways verify the calculated angle, because the calculated angle might not be the best
possible angle in every case.
Automatic roll-over angle calculation is performed according to the boom feed and boom
assembly point. The tool is active when the following prerequisites are fulfilled:
- feed length is defined in rig-information
- boom measurements are set in the rig-information
- boom assembly points are defined
- drill rig position is defined in relation to the drill plan

The roll-over angles are created for the user selected holes from the main view menu

’Edit-> Automatic Roll-over-angle calculation’ or with the toolbar button . The tool
can be used to set the roll-over angles simultaneously for all booms currently in use.

The boom assembly point can be moved by adding rows to iSURE.ini file:

[UI_SETTING]
Boom1_X_mountingpoint_correction=0
Boom1_Z_mountingpoint_correction=-0.75
Boom2_X_mountingpoint_correction=0
Boom2_Z_mountingpoint_correction=-0.75
Boom3_X_mountingpoint_correction=0
Boom3_Z_mountingpoint_correction=-0.75
Boom4_X_mountingpoint_correction=0
Boom4_Z_mountingpoint_correction=0

The X and Z values of the transfer are added to the boom assembly point.

Note: The application must be closed when the iSure.ini is being edited, otherwise the
changes will not be saved and they will be overwritten.

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7.8 Defining the detonation

The hole detonators are defined in their own specific work phase (Detonator). The design
window presents the end points of the holes in the blast plane design and the start points
in the navigation plane design.

To define the detonators, the following toolbar buttons can be used:

1
Figure 104 Defining the detonation

1. Detonator table: Detonator selection from the drop-down menu.

The detonator is selected from the Detonator list, and the detonator selected in the list
will be set for the selected holes. The Page Down or Page Up button can be used to se-
lect the next or previous detonator on the list, respectively.
The same detonator can be set for several holes by selecting the holes, and then setting
the detonator ID by clicking the Detonators list button and selecting the detonator in the
‘Properties’ window. A field element or an aidrow can be selected by double-clicking the
hole.

The application shows the detonator ID with each hole.

The detonator of selected holes can be removed with the ‘Delete’ button.

An amount of explosives that blasts at the same time can be detected in the window pre-
sented in the section Presenting of the momentary explosion calculation:

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7.9 Defining the surface delay

Surface delays can be used for adjusting detonator timing. The surface delay is defined
in its own work phase (Surface delays). Surface delays are designed on the navigation
plane.

To define the surface delays, the following toolbar buttons can be used:

1 2 3 4
Figure 105 Tools for defining the surface delays

1. Surface delay area: Defining the surface delay area by drawing a line (Add -> Sur-
face Delay) .
2. Add node: Adding a connection point (node) to the surface delay area (Add -> Add
Node).
3. Connecting the surface delays: Connecting the surface delay areas to each other
(Add -> Connect Surface Delays).
4. Surface delays: Selecting a surface delay's delay time by selecting from the drop-
down menu. The Page Down or Page Up button can be used to select the next or
previous surface delay in the list, respectively.

A surface delay is defined as follows:

Surface delay group can be used for defining the holes with the same surface delay. Sur-
face delay groups are defined by selecting the Surface delay tool, and then determining
the holes belonging to the surface delay group by using the mouse to click a pattern of
lines around them. The line is always drawn from the previous selected point to the next.
Defining overlapping surface delay groups is prevented.

A closed shape can be edited by grabbing the connection points of elements and drag-
ging them with the mouse. New connection points are inserted with the Add node func-
tion.
A selected surface delay group is removed by clicking Delete.

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A surface delay time is defined as follows:

A surface delay time is defined for the surface delay groups the same way a detonator is
defined for the holes. The surface delay time to be set is selected from the toolbar's Sur-
face delays list item, and then a surface delay is set for the surface delay group by
means of the mouse.
A surface delay groups are connected as follows:
Surface delay groups are connected by means of the Surface delay connection tool.
The surface delay group to be connected is selected by clicking, and another click se-
lects the surface delay group it will be connected to. A connection indicated with an arrow
is formed between the surface delay groups.

Figure 106 Surface delay connections

The application selects the delay time according to the arrow's tip or starting end at the
presentation location. This is why it is not recommended that an arrow be placed in the
immediate vicinity of holes.
The application performs the following checks before implementing the connection:

 the selected surface delay groups do not have an existing connection to each other
 the surface delay group cannot receive a connection from more than one surface de-
lay group
 the connections do not form a closed circuit running through the surface delay groups

The selected connection can be removed by clicking Delete.

The application automatically interprets the starting surface delay group and highlights it
with a dark border – also in printouts. There can be several starting surface delay groups.

Changing the detonator for a hole during the surface delay design is possible in following
ways:
 by selecting a hole and setting a new detonator in properties form
 detonator of selected (one or more holes) is changed with Page Up- and Page Down-
buttons.

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When a hole is selected in detonator- or surface delay work phase, Explosion summary-
form indicates the row that includes the calculation of that particular momentary calculus .

Figure 107 Indicating the selected hole

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7.10 Defining the drilling hole type

The drilling hole type is defined in its own work phase (Hole type). In this work phase, the
holes are given their drilling hole type, the parameters of which will control the drilling by
the drilling rig. The design window presents the end points of the holes in the blast plane
design and the start points in the navigation plane design.
Setting the hole type is performed using the same principle as setting the detonator.

The following button/drop-down menu for selecting the hole type can be found on the
toolbar:

1
Figure 108 Defining the drilling hole type

1. Hole Type List: Hole type selection from the drop-down menu. After selecting the hole
type, the hole can be selected. The hole type on the button is defined for the hole.
In the selection mode, the same hole type can be set for the holes in the field element or
aidrow by double-clicking the hole and selecting the hole type.

The same hole type can be set for several holes by selecting the holes and setting the
hole type in the ‘Properties’ window or by pressing the Hole Type List button.

When the hole type is set as Injection or Probe, MWD-data collection flag is set on auto-
matically.

The hole type of selected holes can be removed with the ‘Delete’ button.

When one is selecting a hole, the following properties are assigned to it in the ‘Properties’
window.

Reaming hole: The hole is a reaming hole [true

/ false]. The reaming hole is drilled by drilling
first with the ‘Drilling Hole Type’ sequence.
The hole is then reamed with a drilling outside
the sequence.
Drilling Hole Type The drilling hole type - de-
termines the hole drilling parameters for the
drilling rig.

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8 METAMORPHIC- DRILLPLAN

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8.1 Separate Face and Bottom profiles

In certain excavation situations, it makes an advantage that face and bottom profiles are
defined totally individual, without any connection in shape. These kind of situations are
niches, expansions and reductions as well as complex shaped 3D rooms.

iSURE has a separate drill plan type called Metamorphic, to assist complex shape drill
plan design.

The usage of these features requires iSURE METAMORPHIC feature in USB-

dongle.

During this design, a separate face and bottom theoretical profiles are designed. All the
previous methods for profile design are available. The actual face and bottom profiles are
defined in the assisting profile design work phase.

The metamorphic- drill plan is always designed starting from the round bottom.

Figure 109 Metamorphic drill plan

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8.2 Creation of drill plan

A separate metamorphic- drill plan design is started by selecting File -> New -> Drill Plan
(Blast) metamorphic.

A metamorphic- drill plan is added to a tunnel plan by selecting a tunnel plan or a drill
plan directory in project tree and selecting File -> Add New Item -> Drill Plan (Blast) met-
amorphic.

As a template, one can select a pre-defined profile or a drill plan and execute Create Drill
Plan (Blast) metamorphic function. The profile is then copied as the bottom profile or the
drill plan is copied to the blast level, including all the design tables.

Import Design Data from Drill Plan- function copies all the design tables from a drill plan,
that is designed with a drill plan (Blast)- method

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8.3 Selection of the profile

In ”theoretical profile”- work phase the profile in question is selected with a toolbar icons,
with a menu selection Edit-> Activate Face Profile / Edit-> Activate Bottom Profile or by
pressing Ctrl + Tab. The profile in question is indicated in left corner of design form:
’Face Theoretical Profile’
’Bottom Theoretical Profile’.

When work phase is closed, both profiles have to be closed in shape.

After the design of these profiles, the drill plan design continues as in drill plan design
(Blast)- method.

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9 BOLT PLAN

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9.1 Creating a new bolt plan

The use of functions related to the bolt plan requires the iSURE BOLTING addi-
tional feature in the USB dongle.

A new separate bolt plan is created from the main menu, under File -> New -> Bolt
plan… The dialog that appears is used for setting the general information for a bolt plan
as it is set for a drill plan. After this, the bolt plan design window opens. The general in-
formation of a bolt plan can be opened later by selecting File -> Bolt Plan Information in
the main window.

A bolt plan can be created on the basis of an existing theoretical excavation profile, a drill
plan, or a bolt plan by selecting a source file from Project Explorer and performing the
Create Bolt Plan function from the context menu. The theoretical excavation profile of the
source file is copied as the bolt plan's bolting profile.

Figure 110 Creating a new bolt plan

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9.2 Windows related to bolt plan design

Windows related to the design of the bolt plan can be opened with the following tool but-
tons:

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Figure 111 Tools for opening the bolt plan design related windows

1. Selecting the bolting fan to be edited

2. Handling the bolting fans (Edit -> Organize Fans)
3. Bolting fan parameters (Edit -> Bolting Fan Parameters)
4. Bolt plan lasers (Edit -> Laser Table)
5. Checking the bolt plan (Edit -> Check Bolt Plan) F10 on the keyboard

9.2.1 Selecting the bolting fan to be edited

In the design window, the fan to be edited is selected in the drop-down menu, where the
first fan is the one closest to the rig. Each fan has an individual ID that does not change
during the design. The ID is determined according to the order in which the fans have
been created.

Figure 112 Selecting the bolting fan to be edited

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9.2.2 Handling bolting fans

The bolting fans are handled via a window that presents the order of the bolting fans in
the bolt plan (the topmost fan in the list is closest to the rig).
By default, there is always at least one fan in a bolt plan, and a maximum of five.

Figure 113 Handling bolting fans view

Functions in the window:

 Up: Moves the selected bolting fan up (toward the drilling rig).
 Down: Moves the selected bolting fan down.
 Add New: Adds a new fan. A new bolting fan is indicated in parentheses in connec-
tion with the ID.
 Add Copy: Copies a new fan from the selected fan. A copied fan is indicated in pa-
rentheses in connection with the ID.
 Delete: Deletes the selected fan.

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9.2.3 Bolting fan parameters

Figure 114 Bolting fan parameters

The information to be set in the window:

- Distance between bolting fans [m]: Bolting fan distance. The default value is 1.5
m. The distance can be entered even if there is only one fan. The value will then act
as an instruction for the driller.

- Default hole length [m]: The default length of the hole to be added to the bolting
fan. The default value is 4.0 m. Changing the value does not affect existing holes.

9.2.4 Bolt plan lasers

Figure 115 Bolt fan lasers

Functions in the window:

- Add...: Adds a laser to the bolt plan.
- Delete: Deletes the selected laser from the bolt plan.

Note: The laser coordinates are entered for the drift drilling navigation, not for the first
bolting fan. In practice, this laser table is not used if the laser is not in line with the tunnel.

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9.2.5 Checking the bolt plan

Figure 116 Checking the bolt plan

The following checks are performed for the bolt plan:

- That holes are designed for each fan

- That the hole lengths are between 0 and 6 meters
- That the start and end points for holes are not on top of each other

9.2.6 Mirroring of bolt plan

A bolt plan that is ready made or under a design can be mirrored in any work phase. Mir-
roring is done by selecting Tools -> Mirror Bolting Plan .

Figure 117 Mirroring of bolt plan

The mirror plane location is set with a form that opens.

The general information form opens after this function, enabling the operator to feed in
the information for this new bolt plan. The order of the fans in the bolt plan is inverted, to
support the inverse excavation direction.

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9.2.7 Moving the bolt plan origin

The bolt plan origin can be moved in all work phases via a separate tool that can be
opened with Tools -> Move Bolt Plan Origin... in the main menu. In the window that
opens, the value of the move of the origin is defined relatively.

Figure 118 Moving the bolt plan origin

When the user accepts the data by clicking OK, the bolt plan origin is moved to the speci-
fied position.

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9.2.8 3D projection of the bolt plan

The 3D projection of the bolt plan is opened by using the context menu to select View
3D, or the main menu to select View -> View 3D.

Figure 119 3D projection of the bolt plan

The 3D projection of the bolt plan or drill plan is shown in the same window. The follow-
ing options related to the presentation of the bolt plan have been added to the 3D win-
dow's context menu:
- Highlight Selected Holes: Highlights the selected holes.
- Highlight Active Fan: Highlights the holes and profile of the active fan.

In the design window and the 3D view, the presentation color of the fan holes and profile
can be selected from the operational parameters: Options -> Bolt Plan Design -> Fan
Colors.

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10 WORK PHASES IN DESIGN OF THE

BOLT PLAN

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The designing of a bolt plan and drill plan is very similar, and their design windows oper-
ate on the same principles.

The bolt plans are presented in Project Explorer's Bolt Plan folder. Separate bolt plans
can also be designed from a tunnel project. The file extension for a bolt plan used in
iSURE is .bop.

The designing of a bolt plan consists of the following work phases:

1. Defining a bolting profile

2. Placing holes in the bolting profile
3. Orienting the holes

Figure 120 Drill plan Hole Placement view

One or more fans can be designed in a bolt plan. The fans are drilled with the same drill-
ing rig navigation.

The fans are cambered at a direct angle in relation to the tunnel line; i.e., camber is not
supported in the direction of gravitation. The fan and the holes are designed on the same
plane.

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10.1 Defining a tunnel profile

The tunnel profile is defined in this work phase as described in Chapter 5 THEORETICAL
EXCAVATION PROFILE.

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10.2 Defining a bolting profile

The bolting profile defines a profile where the end of the bolt must remain. Bolting profile is de-
fines as a distance from the tunnel profile. A defined distance can be set for each element on the
bolting profile.
The bolting hole starting point is set on the bolting profile and the end point is defined by the
length of the bolt. When a bolt with correct length is inserted into the hole, the end of the bolt re-
mains at the bolting profile.

When entering the bolting profile work phase for the first time, the user is asked for the distance
between the bolting profile and the tunnel profile. If the bolting profile is not in use, a value “0” can
be accepted.

The bolting profile is determined with the same principle as the drill plan auxiliary profile, see
6.3.2 Determining the auxiliary profiles.

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10.3 Placing holes in the bolting profile

Placement of holes in the bolting profile can be performed using the position master
holes as in drill plan design. Dimensionally accurate placement of holes can be done by
using the Hole Generating Tool.
The design phase includes the toolbar buttons:

1…. 2. 3.
Figure 121 Tools for placing the holes in the bolting profile

1. Setting a hole (position master) (Add -> Hole)

2. Generating holes (Edit -> Generate Hole)
3. Setting the hole length (Edit -> Set Hole Length)

10.3.1 Placement of holes using the position master proper-

ty

If the exact bolting hole positions are not known, then the bolting hole positions can be
defined on the basis of the position master holes, as in drill plan design. The default hole
for a hole set in the profile is a position and direction master hole, and it is oriented in a
direct angle in relation to the profile.

By setting two position master holes for a profile, and by selecting the area between them
with the right mouse button, you are presented with a dialog for determining the criteria
for the holes to be generated between the position master holes.

Figure 122 Placement of holes using the position master property

o Spacing type: Calculation criterion for hole spacing

 Target: The target spacing [m]
 Maximum: The maximum spacing [m]
 Number: The number of holes [number]
o Value: Setting of the spacing [m] or number

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10.3.2 The Hole Generating Tool

Dimensionally accurate holes can be set by using the Hole Generating Tool, which is
opened in the toolbar or from the main menu Edit -> Generate Hole. The tool can be se-
lected if one or two position master holes are selected. There must be a space without
holes in between the selected holes.

The tool allows the generating of holes for the bolting profile in relation to the selected
hole(s). The generation of holes can also be performed on the basis of distance or angle.
The holes generated are position and direction angle master holes.

Figure 123 The hole generating tool

1. Hole count: The number of holes to be generated.

2. Distance [m]: The spacing distance of the generated holes along the profile. By de-
fault, the holes are oriented at a direct angle in relation to the profile.
3. Angle and origin: The angle and origin between the holes to be generated, accord-
ing to which the holes will be oriented. The location of the origin can be entered nu-
merically or by pointing with the mouse, after the Mouse focus button has been
clicked.
4. Clockwise: Generation of a hole clockwise from the selected hole.
5. Counterclockwise: Generation of a hole counterclockwise from the selected hole.
6. Both: Generation of a hole both clockwise and counterclockwise from the selected
hole. It is possible to generate holes, if there is a space without holes in between the
selected holes.
The Generate button generates the set number of holes with the tool. After the genera-
tion, the selection moves to the hole(s) last generated, and the hole generation can then
be continued.

The Undo button undoes the generating of holes. The button is active if the bolt plan was
last edited with the Hole Generating Tool.

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Using the tool:

- Set the hole in the position in the profile where you want to generate holes. Usually
the generating of holes is started from the middle of the profile roof. Placing a hole in
the middle point of the roof can be performed by, e.g., placing a hole near the middle
point with the mouse, and setting a precise X location for the hole in the hole proper-
ties, or a distance to the middle point of the element. When the hole is selected, open
the Hole Generating Tool and define the generation criteria for the hole.

Figure 124 Defining the generation criteria for the hole

- Use the Generate button to create the holes. After the holes are generated, the gen-
eration criteria can be viewed by selecting the Show Dimensions option in the context
menu. The design window will then show the distance or angle of adjacent holes in
between the holes. The angle between the holes is shown in connection with holes
that are oriented toward the same point.

Figure 125 Generated holes

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10.3.3 Position master hole properties

The following information on the selected position master hole is presented in the Hole
Placement work phase's Properties window:

- Position Master: True/false, setting of a hole's posi-

tion master.
- MWD: True/false, setting data collection to be on or off.
- X-position: Position of the hole's X coordinate.
- Z-position: Position of the hole's Z coordinate.
- Length: Depth of the hole.
- Distance from Start: Hole distance from the beginning
of the profile element where the hole is located.
- Distance to End: Hole distance from the end of the
profile element where the hole is located.
- Distance to Middle: Hole distance from the middle of
the profile element where the hole is located.
- Distance to Prev. PM: Distance along the profile to
the previous position master hole.
- Distance to Next PM: Distance along the profile to the
next position master hole.

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10.4 Orienting the holes

Holes are oriented on the basis of the direction master in the same way as in drift drilling
plan design. The difference is that in the bolt plan the orienting is done only in the x-z
plane, and the rotation angle is interpolated.
The holes oriented by the user will always become direction master holes. The direction
master hole property can be removed from the selected hole from the Properties window
or by clicking the Delete button.

Holes can be oriented toward a fixed point that can be positioned either by pointing with
the mouse or numerically.
Orienting holes by means of a fixed point set with the mouse is performed as follows:
1. Select the holes to be oriented.

2. Select the tool, which will move the mouse cursor to the previous orientation
point, and the point will follow the mouse cursor. Directing the mouse toward the
curve origin can be simplified with the Snap to->Nodes option.

Figure 126 Defining the hole orientation point

3. The orientation point is accepted by clicking the left mouse button.

Orienting holes by means of a fixed point set numerically is performed as follows:

1. Select the holes to be oriented

2. Select the tool, and the dialog that opens will present the orientation point that
was set last, if any.

Figure 127 Orienting the holes numerically

3. Set the location of the new orientation point, and accept the values.

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The oriented holes are position master holes. It is possible to remove the direction mas-
ter hole property from a hole, which will interpolate its direction angle according to the
existing direction master holes.

10.4.1 Direction master hole properties

The following information on the selected direction master hole is presented in the Hole
Direction work phase's Properties window:

- Position Master: True/false, presenting a hole's posi-

tion master.
- MWD: True/false, presenting and setting the data col-
lection.
- Direction Master: True/false, presenting and setting
the hole's direction master.
- X-position: Presenting the position of the hole's X co-
ordinate.
- Z-position: Presenting the position of the hole's Z co-
ordinate.
- Right Angle ∆ Fixed: True/false, defining a fixed right
angle. ∆ . The "True" option keeps the hole angle the
same in relation to the profile when the hole is moved.
- Right Angle ∆ [º]: Difference of hole angle in relation
to the right angle. With a zero value, the hole is set
perpendicular to the profile. The previous option makes
the value fixed.
- Rotation Angle [º]: The hole's rotation angle.
- Orientation point: Hole target orientation point.

Figure 128 Direction angle symbol

A direction angle symbol is shown with the hole. The symbol indicates the hole's perpen-
dicularity in relation to the profile normal (Right angle ∆ = 0).

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Feed direc-
tion
Syöttö- x
laitteen
1
suunta
2

3

Figure 129 Angles used in bolt plan reporting (θ1 = Rotation angle)

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10.5 The bolt plan design window's context menu

Depending on the work phase, the context menu in the bolt plan design window has the
following functions:

 Show numbers of holes: Shows the numbers of the holes.

 Show depth in direction of holes [m]: Shows the depth of the holes.
 Show rotation angles of holes: Shows the rotation angles for the holes.
 Show dimensions: Shows the measurements used in the generation of holes.
 Show hole length in the correct length: Shows the holes in their correct
length.
 Show hole length adjusted to a length of 1.5 m: Shows holes adjusted to a
length of 1.5 m.
 Show all bolting fans: Presents the holes of all fans.

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10.6 Adding a laser to the bolt plan

A laser is added to a bolt plan by using the main window to select Add -> Laser or using
the Laser table window's Add… button.

Figure 130 Adding a laser to the bolt plan

The information to be set in the window:

- Name: The laser's unique name
- X [m]: Laser's X position in the bolt plan
- Z [m]: Laser's Z position in the bolt plan
- u: the u angle
- v: the v angle

10.7 Exporting a bolt plan to the drilling rig

A bolt plan is exported to the drilling rig as a file with the extension .bp. The file format is
Sandvik Iredes v. 11.0 (Drill Rig). In the file, the drilling hole type for all holes is Bolting.

An active bolt plan in the design window or a bolt plan selected in Project Explorer is ex-
ported to the format for transfer to the drilling rig by using the main window to select File -
>Generate Drill Rig File. The function can also be performed by selecting a bolt plan from
Project Explorer, and using the context menu to select Generate Drill Rig File.

All files related to the tunnel plan are exported to the drilling rig by using the Generate
Drill Rig Files from all Items.

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11 PRINTING

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11.1 Selecting data for printing

The data in a tunnel plan, drill plan, or bolt plan can be printed by selecting File -> Print…
in the main menu.

Figure 131 Selecting data for printing

 Printing Language: Defines the language for printouts. The Default System Lan-
guage option uses the software's default language.
 Use Environment's date and number format: When selected, the operating sys-
tem’s date and number format will be used in the printouts. If not selected, the date
and number setting will be according to the language.
 What to Print: Selection of whether to print the tunnel plan, drill plans, or bolt plans.
 Signature field in footer: Adds a signature field to the page and defines the signer.
o Signature clarification: Clarification of the signature, printed at the bottom
of the page.
o Place: Signing location, printed at the bottom of the page.

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11.1.1 Printing the tunnel plan

The tunnel plan to be printed is selected in the window’s left-hand column. The details to
be printed are selected in the right-hand column.

Figure 132 Selecting the items for printing

The following tunnel plan data can be chosen for printing:
o Tunnel plan info: General information of the tunnel plan.
o Profile List: List of profiles in the tunnel plan.
o Camber Projection: Camber / peg number projection
o Curve Table
o Z / Peg Projection: Height / peg number projection
o Laser Table
o Laser Intersection Table: Intersection table of the lasers.
o Tunnel plan from top view

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Figure 133 Selecting the printing language and Peg range

o Restrict by peg range: Defines the data for printing to a given peg number range.
o The Next button can be used to move to the print preview, where printing can be per-
formed via the conventional printing dialog.

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11.1.2 Printing a drill plan

The drill plan to be printed is selected in the left-hand column. The details to be printed
are selected in the right-hand column. Advanced settings, if required, can be defined in
the last page of this window.

Figure 134 Printing a drill plan

The following drill plan data can be chosen for printing:
o Drill Plan Information. General information of the drill plan.
o Summary Info: Summary information of the drill plan.
o Holes: Hole table.
o Drill Plan Picture: Picture of the drill plan
o Sequence: Drilling sequence.
o Detonator Map
o Charge Map: A charge picture where the required explosives are listed in a table.
o Fracture at Bottom
o Fracture at Face
o Hole Charge Table
o Explosive Usage: An equipment list that contains all the explosives used, and the
number of detonators and surface delays.
o Momentary Summary: Momentary summary of the explosives used, with surface
delays included.

The data for printing can be defined printout-specifically with the following advanced set-
tings. The printout is selected in the left-hand column and the advanced settings are de-
fined in the right-hand column.

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Figure 135 Selecting the data for printing

o Print Profiles: Selects the auxiliary profiles for printing.

o Print Layers: Selects the layers for printing.
o Print holes: Selects the holes for printing.
o Print with hole: Selects the data to be printed with the hole.
o Roll-over angle
o Identification
o Direction Line
o Depth: Y-axis value of the end point of the hole
o Detonators

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11.1.3 Printing a bolt plan

The bolt plan to be printed is selected in the left-hand column. The details to be printed
are selected in the right-hand column.

Figure 136 Printing a bolt plan

o Bolt Plan Information

o Bolt plan Picture
o Hole table
o Summary Info

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Printing Settings for the Bolt Plan Picture

Figure 137 Defining the printing settings for the Bolt Plan Picture

o Print with hole

o Hole ID
o Hole length
o Rotation Angle

o Hole Length
o Fixed Scale (1.5 m)
o Full Scale

o Measurements

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Figure 138 Defining the specifics for bolt plan printing

o Picture Scaling: Sets the scale of the pictures in the printouts.

o Grid in pictures: Shows the background grid in the printouts.
o Rulers: Shows the ruler in the printouts.
o Origin symbol in pictures: Shows the origin in the printouts.
o Hole size: Sets the hole size.
o Hole text size: Sets the size of the text shown with the hole
After this work phase, open the advanced printing settings by clicking the ‘Next’ button.
The ‘Next’ button can then be used to open the preview mode, from which printing can be
performed.
The printing selections and advanced settings are saved and will be selected by default
for the next printing.

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The printout can be viewed before printing in the preview window.

Figure 139 Print preview

Window functions:
o Page Setup: Opens the page settings.
o Print...: Starts the printing.
o Page Up / Page Down: Displays the next and previous page.
o First Page / Last Page: Displays the first and last page.
o Selecting the scale of the preview screen.
o Prev...: Moves back to selection of data for printing.

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11.2 Printing settings

A desired logo can be added to the printouts. The logo will be printed in the title bar of all
printouts. The logo file can be set using Options -> General -> Logo.
Printing settings are saved in the following directory:
C:\Users\user\AppData\Roaming\iSURE\PrtSelections.dat
This file shall be deleted, if there are troubles in printing and the default settings are to be
restored.

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12 REPORTING

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12.1 Importing the data collection file to the tunnel project

The use of the reporting functions requires the iSURE REPORT additional feature
in the USB dongle.

The data collection files is imported in .ZDA format from the i-series drilling rig and .NEW,
.RDY or . FTC format from the TCAD/TDATA drilling rig. The information contained in
these files is imported to the tunnel project by means of the ‘Attach data collection Infor-
mation’ function, which is opened from the main menu under File -> Attach Data Collec-
tions to Tunnelplan... or using the tunnel project's context menu in Project Explorer.

Figure 140 Importing the data collection file to the tunnel project

The source directory is the directory path containing the .ZDA files from the drilling rig.
The file is selected by default to be imported to the tunnel project if it has not already
been imported. If the file has been imported, an exclamation mark is shown in the ‘Select’
column.

The data collection files are imported to a tunnel plan with the same name as the curve
table used in the round in question. For instance, if the curve table is called
TL_ABC123.tl, then the importing will be done into a tunnel plan called TL_ABC123. If no
tunnel plan with that name exists, it will be created automatically under the project. If the
curve table is not available, the application requests the name of the desired tunnel plan.

Once the desired files are selected, the import can be started with the ‘OK’ button. The
selection can be selected/deleted from all rows by using the ‘Select / Deselect All’ option.
If ‘Delete imported files’ is selected, .ZDA files will be deleted from the source directory
after the import.

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Figure 141 Data Collection In Progress indication

The data collection file import operation can be interrupted at any point. Files that have
been imported before the interruption will not be deleted.

The data collection files can be found in the ‘Data Collection’ directory after the import.
The files are named according to the peg number of the round. If multiple rounds have
the same peg number, distinguishing letters, starting with "B", will be added to the file
name.

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12.2 Opening an individual data collection file

An individual data collection file can be opened without importing to the tunnel plan. The
*.ZDA, *.NEW, *.RDY or *.FTC file can be opened in the main window by selecting File ->
Open.

Figure 142 Opening an individual data collection file

This opens the information of the selected data collection file in the 2D view.

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12.3 Information of the data collection file

Opening the information in the data collection file is performed in the main window by se-
lecting File -> Data Collection Information, when the data collection file is open or when it
is selected in Project Explorer.

12.3.1 Terminology

Time before drilling  Boom-specific time starting from the first navigation or start
of a round (whichever happens first), and ending when the
drilling of the first hole begins. (*)
Time after drilling  Boom-specific time that starts when the boom has finished
drilling a round, and ends when the last boom has finished
drilling the round; i.e., booms finishing at different times (*)
Collaring time  Boom-specific time spent on starting the hole (*)
Gross drilling capacity  Boom-specific gross drilling capacity [m/h] calculated with
this formula:
Drilled Meters
 CrossDrilli ngCapasity  , where
RoundTime
 Round time = Time before drilling + Boom movements time +
Drilling time + Idle time + Time after drilling
Disturbance drilling time  Boom-specific time spent on the drilling system reacting to
the monitoring features (*)
Percussion hours  Boom-specific time for which the percussion pressure has
been activated
Average drilling capacity  Boom-specific average drilling capacity [m/h] calculated
with:
Drilled Meters
 AverageDril lingCapasi ty 
Penetratio nTime
 I-series drill rig:
Penetration time = Drilling time when penetration direction
is forward
 TDATA & TCAD drill rig:
Penetration time = Percussion hours
Ending time  Boom-specific time spent on final drilling of the hole (final
flushing and retraction) (*)
Net penetration rate  Boom-specific net penetration speed [m/min] calculated with
the formula:
DrilledMetersOnFullPower
 NetPenetrationRate  (*).
DrillingTimeOnFullPower
Drilling time  I-series drill rig:
Boom-specific time spent on drilling (by the system or the
user)

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 TDATA & TCAD drill rig:

Round end time – Round start time
Drilling time outside the  Boom-specific time spent on moving the boom automatically
round according to the drill plan (‘)
Drilling time on manual  Boom-specific time spent by the user on, e.g., a difficult col-
laring (*)
Drilling time on full power  The boom-specific time used for full-power drilling in auto-
matic drilling mode (*)
Drilled meters  Boom-specific drilled meters along the hole
Boom movements time  Boom-specific time spent on moving the boom: automatic
boom movement time + manual boom movement time (*)
Automatic boom move-  Boom-specific time spent on moving the boom automatically
ment time according to the drill plan (*)
Manual boom movement  Boom-specific time spent moving the boom manually (with
time the joystick). (*)
Idle time  Boom-specific idle time spent when the boom is waiting for
the next command; i.e., when drilling is not in progress and
the boom is not moving (*)
Penetration rate  Boom-specific time that accumulates during drilling.
 Used in calculating ‘Average penetration rate’ along with
‘Drilled meters’.

(*) Not used in TDATA & TCAD drill rigs

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12.3.2 ‘General’ tab

General information for the round is displayed on the ‘General’ tab.

Figure 143 General tab

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12.3.3 ‘Navigation’ tab

Figure 144 Navigation tab

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12.3.4 ‘Drilling Efficiency’ tab

This window shows the counter field values of the data collection file in their own tabs.
There are four tabs: General, Round Time, Drilling Time, and Boom Movements. All tabs
display information on four alternative counter levels: Round, User, Service, and Total.
User and service levels are not used in TDATA & TCAD drill rigs. The counter level can
be selected via the option buttons at the top of the tab.

 Round counters are round-specific counters whose values are always reset when a
new round starts. These counters can be used to view readouts collected during an
active round.
 User counters on the rig can be reset by the user.
 Service counters are used for storing data between rig servicing procedures. These
counters can be used to view readouts of operation time and drilled meters after the
previous servicing. The counters must be reset when the rig is serviced.
 Total counters store the lifetime counter values of the drilling rig. These counters are
not reset.

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12.3.4.1 ‘General’ tab

General counter information is displayed on the ‘General’ tab.

Figure 145 General tab

 Basket Boom Hours (*)

 Compressor Hours (*)
 Water pump Hours (*)
 Percussion Hours: Boom-specific time for which the percussion pressure has been
activated
 Power Pack Hours: Boom-specific time for which the power pack has been activat-
ed
 Power Extractor Hours: Boom-specific time for which the power extractor has been
activated
 Auxiliary Drilling Time: Boom-specific time used for drilling outside the round.
 Drilled Meters: Boom-specific drilled meters along the hole
 Net Penetration: Boom-specific net penetration rate
 Average Drilling Capacity: Boom-specific average penetration rate
 Gross Drilling Capacity: Boom-specific gross penetration rate

(*) Not used in TDATA & TCAD drill rigs

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12.3.4.2 ‘Round Time’ tab

The ‘Round Time’ tab shows the round’s time data.

Figure 146 Round time tab

 Time Before Drilling: Boom-specific time starting from the first navigation or start of
a round (whichever happens first), and ending when the drilling of the first hole be-
gins. (*)

 Boom Movements Time: Boom-specific time spent on moving the boom (*)

 Drilling Time: Boom-specific time spent on drilling (by the system or the user). Per-
cussion hours on TDATA & TCAD drill rigs

 Idle Time: Boom-specific idle time spent when the boom is waiting for the next com-
mand; i.e., when drilling is not in progress and the boom is not moving (*)

 Time After Drilling: Boom-specific time that starts when the boom has finished drill-
ing a round, and ends when the last boom has finished drilling the round; i.e., booms
finishing at different times (*)

(*) Not used in TDATA & TCAD drill rigs

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12.3.4.3 ‘Drilling Time’ tab

The ‘Drilling Time’ tab shows the drilling-related time data. Not used in TDATA & TCAD
drill rigs

Figure 147 Drilling time tab

 Approach Drilling Time: Boom-specific time spent on starting the hole

 Effective Drilling Time: The boom-specific time used for full-power drilling in auto-
matic drilling mode

 Finishing Time: Boom-specific time spent on final drilling of the hole (final flushing
and retraction)

 Disturbance Drilling Time: Boom-specific time spent on the drilling system reacting
to the monitoring features

 Manual Drilling Time: Boom-specific time spent by the user on directing the drilling,
e.g., a difficult collaring.

 Boom handling time: The time used for handling each boom.

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12.3.4.4 ‘Boom Movements’ tab

The ‘Boom Movements’ tab shows the counters related to boom operation. Not used in
TDATA & TCAD drill rigs

Figure 148 Boom movements tab

 Automatic Boom Movement Time: Boom-specific time spent on moving the boom
automatically according to the drill plan

 Manual Boom Movement Time: Boom-specific time spent on moving the boom
manually (with the joystick)

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12.3.5 ‘Hole Types’ tab

The ‘Hole Types’ tab shows the holes drilled, by hole type.

Figure 149 Hole types tab

12.3.6 ‘Drift Drilling Holes’ tab

The ‘Drift Drilling Holes’ tab shows the information of planned and drilled drift drilling
holes. The order of the rows can be changed by clicking the header field in the table.
Any deviations between the drilled and planned holes are indicated in red (warning) or
yellow (note). The tolerances used in the review are specified in the operational parame-
ters (see section 2.3).

Figure 150 Drift drilling holes tab

The significance of the letters in the hole ID:

- The prefix for extra drift drilling holes is ‘E’.
- Re-drilling of a hole is shown with lowercase letters "b," "c," "d,".. b = the first re-
drilling of a hole…

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12.3.7 ‘Bolting Holes’ tab

The ‘Bolting Holes’ tab shows the information of planned and drilled bolting holes. The
order of the rows can be changed by clicking the header field in the table. Not used in
TDATA & TCAD drill rigs
Any deviations between the drilled and planned holes are indicated in red (warning) or
yellow (note). The tolerances used in the review are specified in the operational parame-
ters (see 2.3).

Figure 151 Bolting holes tab

The significance of the letters in the hole ID:

- The bolting hole prefix is ‘B’
- The prefix for an extra bolting hole is ‘EB’
- Re-drilling of a hole is shown with lower case letters b, c, d,.. b = the first re-drilling
of a hole…

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12.3.8 Hole comments -tab

Data collection information may contain hole specific comments added by the operator. Hole
comments tab shows all holes that have added comments.

The comment added for a hole is also displayed in the hole properties.

The hole ID is underlined on the data collection view if a comment exists for the hole.

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12.3.9 ‘Drill Steel Consumption’ tab

The ‘Drill Steel Consumption’ tab shows a summary of the drill steel consumption. Not
used in TDATA & TCAD drill rigs

Figure 152 Drill steel consumption tab

The values shown in the table depend on three settings:

 Time interval: The time interval of events viewed.

 Drilling Category: Event selection based on the drilling category. Different drilling
categories might have used different drilling equipment
 Value: Type of value viewed.

The diagram shows the values of individual events selected from the table.

Export to CSV... button will export the events to a file in .csv format. All the events of a
selected time interval will be exported to the CSV file. Other settings are not considered.
A CSV file can be opened, e.g., in Excel.

Print button enables the printing of selected events in a Word document. All three set-
tings affect the content of the printed document.

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12.3.10 Water loss measurement results tab

Water loss measurement results are recorded into the data collection and displayed on a
water loss tab.

Water loss measurement is done for specific holes and several tests can be done for the
same hole. The rows at the top of the tab display general information on each performed
measurement. When a row is selected, the results are displayed in a graphical form at
the bottom of the display. The graphical display shows the water pressure and flow
change as a function of time.

Data collection information view indicates the holes on which the water loss measure-
ment has been made. Context-menu ‘Show water loss’ selection displays the water loss
measurement result.

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12.4 Plan view

The plan view is opened by double-clicking the data collection file imported into the pro-
ject or by selecting the desired data collection file and selecting ‘Open’ from the context
menu.
The plan view shows the planned and drilled holes of the drill plan as in the design sec-
tion of the drill plan. The tab enables selection between the following drill plan types:

Figure 153 Selecting the plan view

 Planned and drilled holes on the blast plane (i.e., start points)
 Planned and drilled holes on the navigation plane (i.e., end points)
 Sequences and roll-over angles on the navigation plane (i.e., start points)
Either the drift drilling holes or the bolting holes can be selected to be shown in the de-
sign window. The selection is made by using the main window to select View -> Show
Drift Drilling Holes or View -> Show Bolting Holes. The selection can also be made by us-
ing the toolbar buttons:

Figure 154 Selecting drift drilling or bolting

The following options are available for the plan view in the context menu and the iSURE
main menus.
 View 3D Projection: Opens the 3D view.
 Show MWD projection: Opens the MWD diagram.
 Select and move: Switches to select and move mode.
 Pan: Moves the display laterally with the mouse.
 Zoom Window:
o Zoom Window: Displays the selected view with the mouse.
o Fit To Screen: Fits the drill plan to the screen (10% empty space is left at the mar-
gins)
o Zooming-in the view: Mode for zooming in the view (works also with the mouse
roller and ‘+’ key).
o Zooming-out the view: Mode for zooming out the view (works also with the mouse
roller and ‘+’ key).
o Increase Hole Size: Increases the hole symbol size (works also with the Home
key).
o Decrease Hole Size: Decreases the hole symbol size (works also with the End key).
o Increase Hole Text: Increases the text size used for the hole symbol (works also
with the ‘Ctrl +’ keys).Decrease Hole Text: Decreases the text size used for the hole
symbol (works also with the ‘Ctrl –’ keys).
 Show Grid
 Show Origin

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 Show Hole ID:

 Show Planned Holes: Presents the planned holes.
 Show Drilled Holes: Presents the realized (drilled) holes.
 Show Direction Lines
 Properties

Showing the hole IDs, lengths, and depths are options that exclude each other, so it is
not possible to, for example, show the hole lengths and depths at the same time.

All properties of the selected holes are presented in the iSURE ‘Properties’ window.

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12.4.1 Hole selection methods

The user can select holes on all tabs. The selected holes are indicated by a red circle
around them. All tabs have the following hole selection methods:
 Point at a single hole and press the left mouse button. The hole is selected.
 Use the mouse to outline a rectangular area within which all holes are selected.
 Previous functions used with the Ctrl button: operation as in Windows.
 Overlapping holes can be selected by holding down the Alt key.
Hole selection is a common function between all tabs, so the holes selected on one tab
remain selected when moving to other tabs.
When an MWD hole is double-clicked, the hole is selected and a diagram window is
opened (if not open yet) for displaying the hole.

The ‘Select by Hole Type’ function in the ‘Edit’ menu can be used to select holes by drill-
ing hole type.

The status bar shows the actual total length and average length of the selected drilled
holes. The lengths are calculated along the hole, from the rock surface.

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12.4.2 Planned and drilled holes on the blast plane

On the blast plane, the hole end points are indicated by diamonds and the start points by
small circles.

Figure 155 Presentation of planned and drilled holes on the blast plane

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12.4.3 Planned and drilled holes on the navigation plane

On the navigation plane, the hole start points are indicated by large circles and the end
points by small diamonds.

Figure 156 Presentation of planned and drilled holes on the navigation plane

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12.4.4 Sequences and roll-over angles on the navigation

plane

The lines indicating the sequences are drawn in the colors specified in the options (Op-
tions – General – Rig).

Figure 157 Presentation of sequences and roll-over angles on the navigation plane

Figure 158 Presentation of the roll-over angle for planned and drilled holes

Indication of the roll-over angle of the planned (left) and drilled (right) holes: the symbol
indicates the direction and handedness of the roll-over angle, and the color indicates
whether the hole is planned or drilled. The figure shows the roll-over angle of a left-
handed boom with an approximate value of -150°.

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12.5 MWD diagram

The analysis of MWD data requires the iSURE ANALYSIS additional feature in the
USB dongle.

The diagram is opened by selecting ‘View -> MWD Diagram’ from the main menu or by
double-clicking an MWD hole in the plan view. The display can be opened only when a
data collection file is active, and only one diagram can be open at a time. The diagram
always shows the curve set of the active data collection file.

Figure 159 MWD diagram

The diagram shows the information of only one MWD hole selected in the plan view at a
time. If several MWD holes are selected in the plan view, the diagram does not show
anything. One or more MWD variables can be selected from the list for displaying in the
diagram. The diagram will remember the MWD variables selected from the list even when
it is closed and later re-opened for another data collection file. However, the selected
MWD variables will not be retained in the memory after exiting the software.

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12.5.1 MWD variables

 Air Flow [l/min]: Boom-specific air flow (*)

 Air Mist Settings [%]: User set value for air-mist valve control (*)
 Anti-Jamming State [0/1]: Anti-jamming monitoring status 0/1 (rotation stuck; drilling
controller has interpreted the status as active) (*)
 Drilling Control Setting [%]: User set value for drilling power level
 Feed Pressure [bar]: Boom-specific feed pressure
 Feed Pressure Settings [bar]: User set value for feed pressure adjustment
 Feed Speed Settings [m/min]: User set value for feed speed (*)
 Flushing Flow [l/min]: Boom-specific flushing flow
 Flushing Pressure [bar]: Boom-specific flushing pressure
 Penetration Rate [m/min]: Boom-specific penetration speed
 Percussion Pressure [bar]: Boom-specific percussion pressure
 Rock Detect [0/1]: bit-on-rock detection by the drilling control – status information
0/1 (*)
 Rotation Pressure [bar]: boom-specific rotation pressure
 Rotation Pressure Settings [bar]: User set value for rotation pressure adjustment
(*)
 Rotation Speed [RPM]: Measured boom-specific rotation speed, if rotation sensor is
installed on drill rig. If not, rotation speed control value is used
 Rotation Speed Settings [RPM]: User set value for rotation speed adjustment (*)
 Stabilator Pressure [bar]: boom-specific stabilator pressure (*)
 State of Flushing Flow [0/1]: Flushing blocked state detection by the drilling control
– status information 0/1 (*)
 Water Pump Pressure [bar]: Rig-specific flushing pressure (measured after the wa-
ter pump) (*)

(*) Not used in TDATA & TCAD drill rigs

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12.5.2 Diagram axes

The diagram has the following Y-axes, whose scales are always as follows, regardless of
the MWD variables selected. The diagram shows the necessary Y-axes only, depending
on the MWD variables selected.

 bar: 0–250
 l/min: 0–120
 m/min: 0–7 (backward movement is not shown, i.e., –1 m/min)
 %: 0–100
 rpm: 0–400
 0/1

‘X-Scale’ indicates the number of meters shown on the X-axis at a time. When ‘Full
Length’ is selected, the view is scaled to show entire hole depth.

‘Y-Scale’ indicates the amount visible on the Y-axis at any given time. When ‘Max Value’
is selected, the view is scaled according to the maximum value of the MWD variables.

The following table indicates the effects of the Y-Scale selections on the scale shown at a
time:

 Unit  Small  Medium  Large

 bar  30  100  250

 l/min  14,4  48  120

 m/min  0,84  2,8  7

 %  12  40  100

 rpm  48  160  400

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12.5.3 Locking the grid cursor

When the left mouse button is pressed, the grid moved with the mouse leaves a grid im-
age on the diagram and the scale shows the values of this location.

Only one grid image can be displayed at a time, so another click of the mouse moves the
grid image to a new location. The grid image can be removed by clicking outside the dia-
gram area or by pressing the Esc key.

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12.6 Exporting MWD data

12.6.1 Exporting MWD data to a CSV file

MWD data in the data collection file can be exported to a CSV (comma-separated val-
ues) file. Select the desired data collection file and choose File -> Export -> Export MWD
Data to *.CSV ...” in the main menu or use the data collection file's context menu Export
MWD Data to .CSV in Project Explorer. The program asks for the name of the target file
and starts the export.

Figure 160 Exporting MWD data to a CSV file

A CSV file can be opened, e.g., in Excel.

12.6.2 Exporting drill plan hole info to a CSV file

Data collection hole information can be exported into a .csv file. This is done by selecting
the desired data collection file, and selecting File -> Export -> Face Drilling Data to CSV
or by selecting the file in question from a project tree and selecting the command Export
Face Drilling Data to CSV from the context-menu

12.6.3 Exporting bolt plan hole info to a CSV file

Data collection bolt hole information can be exported into a .csv file. This is done by se-
lecting the desired data collection file, and selecting File -> Export -> Bolting Data to
CSV or by selecting the file in question from a project tree and selecting the command
Export Bolting Data to CSV from the context-menu

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12.6.4 Exporting MWD- data to IREDES file

The MWD-data included in data collection file can be exported into a IREDES-files (ver-
sion 1.2). This is done by selecting the desired data collection file, and selecting File ->
Export -> MWD Data to IREDES or by selecting the file in question from a project tree
and selecting the command MWD Data to IREDES from the context-menu, After this a
directory selection is displayed. When user selects the desired directory, following
IREDES (xml) files will be generated:

- IREDES Quality report : The start and end coordinates of all the holes
- IREDES MWD report : A set of files, each including the MWD data of one particular
hole.

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12.7 Round report

12.7.1 Round report selections

12.7.1.1 Opening the dialog box

The selections and button for generating a round report can be displayed by selecting
File -> Generate Round Report... in the main menu, with a data collection file active or
selected from Project Explorer. The same function is available in the Project Explorer
context menu.

12.7.1.2 Making the selections

Figure 161 Round report selections

The language and the number and time formats to be used can be selected at the top of
the window. If the selected language includes number and time formats, the system’s
number and time formats can be selected for use by checking the Use the system num-
ber, date and time formats checkbox.

The categories and pictures to be printed can be selected below the language. The
Round Report Summary page will be printed in every round report, so it cannot be se-
lected or deselected separately. All other categories are freely selectable. Additional set-
tings can be selected for certain categories with the Settings... button. Pictures can be
added and removed via the Add... and Remove buttons next to the list of picture names.
The order of the pictures in the round report can be changed with the up and down ar-
rows.

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12.7.2 Sub-selections for the categories

12.7.2.1 Drilling efficiency settings

Figure 162 Sub-selections in the Drilling Efficiency category

The Drilling Efficiency category includes sub-selections for different counter levels. The
counter levels include the round-, user-, and service-specific counters and the total coun-
ter. All selected counter levels are included in the round report.

12.7.2.2 Settings for planned and drilled holes

Figure 163 Sub-selections in the Planned and Drilled Holes category

 Navigation Plane: Holes on the navigation plane (see 12.4.3)
 Blast Plane: Holes on the blast plane (see 12.4.2)
 Sequences and Roll-over Angles: Sequences and roll-over angles on the naviga-
tion plane (see 12.4.4)
 Hole Information Table: Planned and drilled holes table. The table can be selected
for printing in the drill plan and project coordinates.
 Show: Selects the data to be printed with the hole.
o Hole depth: Hole depth
o Hole length in rock: Hole length in the rock
o Hole ID: Hole ID
 Planned holes: Determines whether planned holes are shown.

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 Drilled holes: Determines whether drilled holes are shown.

 Face profile: Determines whether the face profile is shown
 Grid: Determines whether the grid is shown
 Showing the hole table
o Hole positions are indicated in the drill plan coordinates
o Hole positions are indicated in the project coordinates

12.7.2.3 Settings for the bolting holes

Figure 164 Defining the bolting hole settings

 Selecting the details to be shown for bolting holes:

o Selecting the value to be shown with the hole
o Printing of planned holes
o Printing of drilled holes
o Printing of bolting holes
o Printing the grid
 Selecting the details to be printed from the hole table
o In the bolt plan coordinates
o In the project coordinates

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12.7.2.4 MWD settings

Figure 165 Sub-selections in the ‘MWD’ category

The ‘MWD’ category includes sub-selections for the various curve and hole types. All
curves measured in bar units are shown in their own graph in the round report. All other
curves have their own separate graph. In other words, a maximum of two graphs is in-
cluded in the report for each hole.

12.7.3 Generating a round report

Figure 166 Round report progress

The Generate button starts generation of the round report, and the Cancel button returns
to the main program without generating a round report. The changes made in the catego-
ries, their sub-selections, and the language setting will be stored in the memory for the
next time. The pictures selected will not be stored. When the Generate button has been
clicked, a window is displayed, indicating the progress of the round report generation.
Generation can be stopped at any stage by clicking Cancel.

The round report is generated in Microsoft Word™ format.

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12.8 Showing the data collection files in the tunnel windows

When data collection files have been imported to the tunnel plan, their face profiles are
shown in the tunnel windows with the navigated peg numbers. The data collection pro-
files are shown in green in the windows.

Figure 167 Showing the face profiles of the data collection files with the navigated peg
numbers

When a data collection file has been selected from the project tree, the face profile of that
round is highlighted in the tunnel windows. Drilled holes and arrow symbol indicating the
drilling direction and round length are also shown for the selected round. The color of the
drilled hole depends on the hole type. Probe and injection holes are turquoise, face drill-
ing holes are red and bolting holes are blue.

Figure 168 Drilling direction, round length and drilled holes

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12.9 3D view of the data collection file

The data collection file is presented in 3D format in a separate window, which can be
opened for the active file via View -> 3D in the main menu. Only one screen showing the
active data collection file can be opened. This screen is divided between data collection
files and drill plans, so when the screen is open it shows either the active drill plan or the
data collection file.

Figure 169 Basic view

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12.9.1 Menu functions

The 3D view contains the following functions, which can be performed in the context
menu of the screen or in the main menu.

 Free Look: When selected and the left mouse button pressed and held down, the
camera turns, and when the right mouse button is pressed and held down, the cam-
era moves (PAN). The key functions presented in appendix A are also available.
 Rotation: When selected and the left mouse button is pressed and held down, the
camera rotates and when the right mouse button is pressed and held down, the
camera zooms in relation to the origin. The key functions presented in appendix A
are also available.
 Lock Y axis: When selected, locks the Y-axis in rotate mode.
 View Front: Shows a view of the front side of the drill plan.
 View Top: Shows a view of the top side of the drill plan.
 View Left: Shows a view of the left side of the drill plan.
 View Right: Shows a view of the right side of the drill plan.
 Fit to screen: Fits the drill plan to the screen.
 Show Coordinate Axes: Displays the coordinate axes.
 Show Profiles: Presents the face profile.
 Show start level of holes: When selected, displays the shape of the rock (on the
basis of the hole start points).
 Show bottom level of holes: When selected, displays the shape of the blast plane
(on the basis of the hole end points).
 Show All MWD Holes: When selected, displays the MWD data of all holes.
 Show Selected MWD Holes: When selected, displays the MWD data of the selected
holes.

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12.9.2 MWD holes

The holes for which MWD data has been collected are highlighted. On the basis of the
menu selection, the MWD variable values are presented either for all holes (Show All
MWD Holes) or for the selected holes (Show Selected MWD Holes) only.

Figure 170 Several MWD holes selected

12.9.3 Selecting holes

Holes can be selected either from the data collection file plan view using the normal hole
selection methods or directly from the 3D view. Holes are selected in the 3D view using
the left mouse button with the Ctrl key held down. A hole selected in the 3D view be-
comes selected also in the plan view and diagram.

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12.9.4 MWD view controls

When MWD information is presented for holes, additional controls become available for
determining how the data will be presented.

The MWD variable list is used to select the variable

whose values are to be presented in the 3D view.
Only one variable can be selected at a time. The
values of the selected variable are presented for ei-
ther all or the selected MWD holes, depending on
the menu selection Show All MWD Holes / Show Se-
lected MWD Holes.

The variable values at various depth points of the

hole are depicted by a color spectrum. The color
scale can be adjusted using the color spectrum con-
trol. The control depicts the following:
value scale of the variable (0–250 in the figure)
highest value displayed (215 in the figure)
lowest value displayed (19 in the figure)
red limit value (171 in the figure)
blue limit value (71 in the figure)
MWD data value range of the selected holes
(approx. 40–160 in the figure)
The numerical value can be adjusted either by drag-
ging with the mouse or by double-clicking the value,
which opens a dialog box in which the value can be
entered. The color scale can be automatically set for
the selected variable with the Auto button.

The variable-specific value settings of the color

spectrum control can be saved with the Save button.
The settings can be reset with the Reset button.

When only one MWD hole has been selected, a co-

ordinate point is shown with the hole, and its loca-
tion at the hole can be adjusted using the Sample
Position slider bar. The value range of the slider bar
is the hole length in the rock, as measured along the
hole. The value of the MWD variable at the selected
hole, in the location specified by the coordinate
point, is indicated in the Value field.

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12.9.5 Coordinate point

The coordinate point can be used when only one MWD hole has been selected. With the
coordinate point, the MWD variable values can be reviewed in more detail at the desired
location. The location of the coordinate point can be adjusted by using the Sample Posi-
tion slider bar or by selecting the coordinate point directly from the 3D view and moving it
along the hole while holding down the left mouse button. Moving the coordinate point
while the diagram is open scrolls the diagram view if necessary, depending on the scale,
such that the same depth point can be seen. Moving the mouse up and down moves the
coordinate point toward the hole end point and start point, respectively. Double-clicking
the coordinate point opens the diagram for the hole in question.

Figure 171 One MWD hole selected – coordinate point in use

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12.10 Pull out analysis

This feature requires the ‘iSURE Analysis’-option to be enabled with the USB-dongle.

With this feature the pull out of the round can be analyzed according to the data collec-
tion files. Executing a pull out analysis for the data collection file selected in the project
tree can be done by the context menu or by the main menu File->Make Pull Out Analysis.

Pull Out Analysis searches automatically the project tree for the data collection file of the
next round. Prerequisite for the next round data to be accepted is that the navigation of
the round was performed with a tunnel laser or with a tachymeter. Search for the next
(subsequent) round is done as follows:
- Holes in the round data are translated into the project coordinate system.
- A middle point for the round’s hole end coordinates is calculated. Long holes (probe
and injection) as well as bolting holes and all holes with hole length deviating more
than 30% from the average hole length are excluded from the calculation.
- The next round is assumed to be the one for which the calculated middle point of the
hole start coordinates is closest to the hole end coordinate middle point calculated for
the current round (distance must be less than 5 meters).

If the search for the next round fails, the following dialog is shown.

If the data collection file lacks the information needed to perform the pull out analysis, the
following dialog is shown.

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If the search for the next round is successful and the analysis can be performed, the ‘Pull
Out Analysis’-form is opened.

Figure 172 Pull-out analysis window

The form depicts two surfaces:

 Surface A (red) connects the end points of the holes in the current round.
 Surface B (colorful) connects the start points of the holes in the next round.

At the top of the form the data collection file names used for drawing the surfaces are
shown. The names of the drill plans used in drilling are shown too. The coloring in the
surface B is determined by the distance between the two surfaces. The mapping be-
tween the color and the distance is shown on the right side of the picture.

This is a 3D-form and it’s context menu includes the following additional features:
 Show Surface A: To show or hide surface A.
 Show Surface B: To show or hide surface B.
 Show Drilled Holes: To show or hide drilled holes.
 Show Planned Holes: To show or hide planned holes.

Round’s Advance: The advancement of the round calculated by comparing the middle
points of the current round hole start coordinates and the next round hole start coordi-
nates.

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Deviation: The accuracy of the realized holes depends on the accuracy the peg number
was inserted during the navigation. If inaccuracy is detected, the distance between the
two surfaces can be adjusted (+- 1 meter) with this slider control. The round’s pull out can
be examined this way relatively in the different parts of the plan even if there has been
some inaccuracy when inserting the peg number in navigation.

Showing distance of a hole selected from the data collection file

The hole end point distance to the surface is shown both numerically and graphically for
the hole selected from the data collection file. Prerequisite for this feature is that data col-
lection file is open and only one hole is selected from it.

Figure 173 Hole end point distance to the surface

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Showing the analysis information with the drill plan

Pull out analysis is performed with two subsequent round data files. The result of the
analysis can be shown in relation with the used drill plan, thus enabling it’s usage as a
basis for planning following drill plans.
The distances between the drilled and realized surfaces can be shown with the used drill
plan as follows:
- Open a drill plan and select ‘Hole Placement’ work phase.
- From the project tree select a data collection file for which the opened drill plan was
used.
- From context menu or from the main menu select File->Make Pull Out Analysis.

Figure 174 Pull-out analysis creation

Pull out analysis is performed if the next (subsequent) round data can be found and
enough information is presented in the data file. The analysis result can be shown in rela-
tion to the drill plan both numerically and graphically. When the drill plan is active, pull out
analysis can be performed for round data collections using the currently active drill plan.
At the top of the drill plan design form the data collection file names are shown for those
rounds the pull out analysis was performed.

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Figure 175 Presenting the pull-out analysis in the drill plan design

For showing the analysis result the following features are included in the context menu:
 Show Pull Out Analysis vs. Drilled: Show numerically the distance between the
drilled hole end points and the realized surface.
 Show Pull Out Analysis vs. Planned: Show numerically the distance between the
planned hole end points and the realized surface.
 Show Graphical Pull Out Analysis: Show analysis result graphically (coloring in the
same way as with ‘Pull Out Analysis’ form’s surface B coloring).

Features are enabled if pull out analysis has been performed successfully for data collec-
tion files using currently active drill plan.

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13 GEOSURE

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13.1 General introduction

Sandvik geoSURE is a rock mass analysis and visualization system. geoSURE enables
the tunneling contractor to meet the most advanced contracting requirements and helps
to improve the overall tunneling process, in terms of efficiency and quality.
geoSURE has two main components:

1. Onboard rock mass analysis (on iSeries Drilling jumbo)

2. Visualization and data handling features in office software (in iSURE)

In short, the geoSURE system is a software product option consisting of both analysis
while drilling units (AWDU) and an iSURE visualization module.

The geoSURE system is intended to be a complementary subsystem to be used for geo-

logical interpretation alongside other geological methods. It is not intended to be used as
a sole tool of geological interpretation. The system is classified as an assisting tool to
complement the other – standard or non-standard – methods.

Due to the interpretative nature of geological work, Sandvik is not responsible for
the viability of interpretations made by geoSURE.

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13.2 Purpose, core features and intended users of geoSURE

The purpose of geoSURE is to provide tunnel project constructors, contractors and other
project stakeholders (consultants, authorities etc.) with analyzed information of drilled
rock mass.

The data may be utilized, for example, for:

 Fulfilling contracting requirements (e.g. reporting requirements)

 Assessment of rock reinforcement need
 Assessment of injection/grouting need
 Assisting charging and blasting control
 Geological mapping
 Comprehensive reporting and documentation

Some typical users of Sandvik geoSURE are:

 Geologist (site or off-site)

 Designer, rock engineering
 Drill plan designer
 Tunneling production manager
 Site manager

Due to the interpretative nature of the work, it is advised that the user has relevant expe-
rience in and knowledge of the nature of geological interpretation.

The core features of geoSURE comprise of MWD-analysis variables (analysis variables)

and MWD-visualizations.

MWD-analysis variables:

 Onboard analysis
o Fracture indication
o SDR rock strength indication
o Water indication
o Analysis validity
 Extended analysis in iSURE
o Rock classification
o Rock quality number
o Rock quality classification

Analysis variables are presented in addition to the former MWD variables.

For a more detailed description of analysis variables, see section 13.3.

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MWD-visualizations:

 3D structural view
o 3D interpolation
o Plane intersections
o Isosurfaces
o Isocurves

 2D planar view
o 2D interpolation
o Side view
o Top view
o Unrolled view

All the basic MWD variables and MWD-analysis variables can be visualized in structural
and planar views.

The analysis variables can also be visualized in MWD diagram view for one hole and
basic 3D-view for one drilling pattern.

For a more detailed description of MWD-visualizations, see section 13.6.

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13.3 Descriptions of MWD-analysis variables

The following table describes the analysis variables, their value ranges and units.

Analysis variable name Description Value range and unit

Fracture indicator Indicates individual fractures 0-100%
0%: No fracture
100%: Full fracture sample
SDR Rock strength index, rock’s re- 0-500 MPa
(Sandvik drilling resistance) sistance to drilling system
Rock class SDR class, class thresholds set by 1,2, … , 8
user

Water indicator Indicates the occurrence of water 0-100%

during an indicated fracture
0%: Water unlikely
100%: Water likely
Rock quality number Indicates the ‘intactness’ of rock 0-100%
0%: No over 10 cm intact samples
100%: Intact rock
Rock quality class Class of rock quality number, class 1,2, … , 8
thresholds set by user
Analysis validity The estimated validity of analysis 0-100%
0%: Not valid
100%: Fully valid

Fracture indicator
The percent value describes the length of an encountered fracture with respect to data
sampling interval. The smaller the value, the smaller the fracture at the respective sample
interval. In voids bigger than the sampling interval, the fracture indicator value shall re-
main at 100% for consecutive samples.

The more perpendicular the fracture orientation is to the drilling direction, the more sensi-
tively it will be indicated.

SDR
The value indicates the rock’s resistance to the drilling system. As hydraulic power is
produced by the drilling system and transmitted by rock tools to break the rock, a re-
sistance to the drilling system can be estimated. The closest corresponding geological
quantity to SDR is a uniaxial compressive strength of the rock.

Rock class
The rock class has discrete values from 1 to 8. The classification is based on SDR. The
user sets the SDR limits for a chosen number of classes up to a maximum of 8. All SDR
values which are within the limits are given a rock class value of the respective class
number.

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Water indicator
The value indicates the occurrence of water in an encountered fracture. If the value is 0%
in a fracture, no significant indications of flowing water were detected. A site-specific as-
sessment is always needed for meaningful interpretation.

Rock quality number

The value is a quotient of the total sum of intact over (or equal to) 10 cm rock samples
per defined length of hole. The calculation principle is thus the same as for RQD. Value
of 100%

Rock quality class

The rock quality class has discrete values from 1 to 8. The classification is based on the
rock quality number. The user sets the rock quality number limits for a chosen number of
classes up to a maximum of 8. All rock quality number values which are within the limits
are given a rock quality class value of the respective class number.

Analysis validity
Analysis validity is the estimated validity of the analysis results, where 0% represents ful-
ly uncertain analysis interpretation and 100% represents fully certain analysis results.

All the analysis variables need a site- and drill-specific calibration. For a more detailed
description of analysis variable calibrations, see section 13.12.

13.3.1 Further information regarding analysis variables

Fracture indicator
Fracture indication enables the user to obtain fracturing information from drilled rock. The
benefits of this include the assessment of rock reinforcement pattern, assisting infor-
mation for charging and blasting control.

Fracture indicator results are further utilized when calculating the rock quality number.

When drilling parallel to the direction of schistosity and/or orientation of the main joint
sets, it may be that the fractures are not penetrated by drilling at all (worst case) or quite
rarely. This may lead to instances where the number of indicated fractures is much less
than the number of actual fractures in the rock. This may also lead to cases where the
rock quality number is greatly different from the rock quality designation made by the ge-
ologist.

As the face, bolt and injection holes are drilled in their characteristic directions, some
fracture planes may be perceived only with the specific drilling direction.

As a general rule, the more perpendicular the fracturing is with respect to drilling direc-
tion, the better they are observed by the fracture indicator.

Note: Even when face, bolt and injection holes are considered, there is always one po-
tential 3D direction of fracturing which cannot be perceived.

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SDR
The SDR is the most versatile analysis variable. It can be used for geological mapping,
assessment of rock reinforcement need, general rock structure investigation, etc.

A naturally occurring effect on SDR is typically observed during first 0.5 m of drilling. This
is attributable to two factors. First, the blasting has caused fracturing to the surrounding
rock – observed typically as a lower SDR value and/or denser fracture indications com-
pared to surrounding rock mass. Second, the drilling is typically in ramp-up phase during
the first 0.5 m. This is typically a situation where analysis validity is at a relatively low lev-
el and the estimated values may thus be biased.

It is also to be noted that when interpreting the (especially interpolated) SDR values, the
encountered fractures have an effect on the SDR value. The greater the number of frac-
tures, the lower the (interpolated) SDR will be.

Rock class
Rock class can be adjusted by the user to set SDR limits to correspond to meaningful
site-specific thresholds. Some possible uses may be as, for instance:
 An advisory indicator as to whether the rock needs more reinforcement
 An indicator as to whether a certain area warrants more thorough investigation
 An alert indicator if the estimated rock strength falls below a given threshold

Water indicator
The use of a water indicator can make a correlation to a water loss measurement. This
would enable the MWD analysis to be a complementary tool for water loss instruments
and/or injection need assessment.

Rock quality number

The rock quality number can be used as a general indicator of the rock quality. This may
serve as supplementary information for rock reinforcement need assessment.

Rock quality class

The rock quality class can be used as a classification tool to divide the tunnel sections in-
to different areas of rock quality. Possible uses are similar to those for the rock class var-
iable:
 An advisory indicator as to whether the rock needs more reinforcement
 An indicator as to whether a certain area warrants more thorough investigation
 An alert indicator if the estimated rock strength falls below a given threshold

Analysis validity
When making judgments or decisions where geoSURE results are present, taking the
values of the analysis validity variable into account is advised.

The user may also combine the results of plurality of analysis variables to realize the best
possible benefits for a specific site.

The above-mentioned methods of use and restrictions are merely examples and the final
judgment of the use of results is always the responsibility of the user.

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13.4 MWD-logging, onboard computation

The geoSURE onboard system makes the drill rig the analyzer. No additional sensors
are needed for analysis and the analysis is run in real time while drilling. There is no in-
formation loss prior to conducting the onboard analysis computation.

The analysis variables are seen by the drill rig’s control system as if they were regular
sensor signals. MWD-analysis variables are collected in the same .ZDA file as the other
MWD variables, meaning the handling and delivery of the MWD-analysis variables is the
same as it is for other MWD variables.

To ensure the analysis variables are of high resolution, it is recommended that the most
dense sampling interval available (2 cm) on the drill rig be used.

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13.5 System properties and analysis principles

This section describes the analysis principles on a general level. The analysis algorithms
are Sandvik’s intellectual property and will therefore not be made publicly available. The
purpose of this section is to give the user a general overview of the analysis variables.

One of the most fundamental aspects of the analysis is the normalization. Normalization
is the compensation for the drilling-related phenomena and events which inhibit the
recognition of the rock influences on the drilling data.

After the normalization procedure, the normalized values are used in the interpretation.
The SDR is calculated based on the normalized penetration rate to establish the rock’s
resistance to drilling in MPa.

The fracture indication is given when significant and characteristic change is detected in
drilling measurements. The drilling control system behavior is also taken into account in
the interpretation. Water indication is given if, during a positive fracture indication, signifi-
cant and characteristic changes in flushing flow and flushing pressure are detected.

The following table shows the phenomena that are normalized. Note that the proper nor-
malization of the phenomena requires site- and rig-specific calibration. For a more de-
tailed description of calibration, see section 13.12.

Phenomenon/event Normalized
Change of drilling parameters within sensible Yes
area of drilling
Extension drilling (number of rods) Yes
Hole depth Yes
Drilling automatics Yes
Bit diameter Yes
Bit button types Implicitly yes
Operator specific differences Implicitly yes

Bit button types can be taken into account in the calibration of the onboard system. This
requires site-specific calibration and cannot be achieved by simply giving the button type
as a parameter, hence the description of ‘implicit normalization.’

The operator-specific differences are handled through the regular normalization of drilling
variables. Different operators tend to use the drilling system with different combinations
of drilling variables. Therefore, the implicit normalization comes from the regular normali-
zation, which compensates the effect of the control variables of the drilling system on the
response variables of the drilling system.

It must also be taken into account that for the system to give reliable results, the hydrau-
lic oil needs to be maintained at a certain temperature (over 40 °C). This is because cold
oil has an effect on the hydraulic system, thereby affecting the hydraulic measurements
which play a crucial part in the analysis.
When interpreting results, the user is advised to use his/her own judgment in relation to
the non-compensated effects, such as the implications of hydraulic oil temperature. The
effect of drilling direction, for instance when comparing the results between face drilling
and bolting holes, must also be considered. Bit wear may also have an effect on analysis
results. Typically, bit wear does not cause significant bias in analysis results but this de-
pends on factors such as rock abrasivity.

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13.6 Visualizations
This section describes the fundamentals of geoSURE 2D planar view and 3D structural
visualizations.
For a more detailed description of the use of visualizations, see section 13.7.

13.6.1 Planar view (2D)

Planar view is a presentation of a drilled tunnel section, where a chosen MWD variable is
presented in two-dimensional form. The greatest benefit shall be acquired from the
MWD-analysis variable values.

The planar view is intended for general inspection of the rock properties. If a specific area
requires more thorough investigation, a 3D structural view can be utilized to complement
the information obtained from the planar view.

The planar view has three subcategories selectable from task bars on the user interface:
 Side view
 Top view
 Unrolled view

Figure 176 Side view, top view and unrolled view

When showing a longer section of tunnel in planar view, the drilled faces and injection
fans overlap. The data is visualized such that former data is prioritized over the newer
data.

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Top view

In principal, the planar top view is formed by arranging a grid over the tunnel floor. The
grid’s resolution is defined by the detail level setting. One grid element defines a vertical
bar containing data from a number of holes. The value of the grid element is then estab-
lished by averaging the data values (samples) inside that bar. This value is shown as a
respective color in planar view.

Side view

The planar side view is formed similarly to the top view except that the grid is arranged
vertically and the corresponding bars (including the data samples) are horizontal.

Both top and side view use all the data according to the selection of the included hole
types.

Unrolled view

Unrolled view uses only the nearest holes to theoretical profile (<1 m). The holes are pro-
jected to the theoretical tunnel profile, which is then opened up, or unrolled. The same
averaging mechanism that is used in top view is used to achieve a value for a single col-
or element.

Note: The interpolation mechanisms described above are used in the same way for all
hole types (face, injection and bolting holes).

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13.6.2 Structural view (3D)

The structural view is intended for a detailed inspection of the rock properties.

Structural view has two methods for interpolation of continuous data variables:
 Inverse Distance method
 Modified Shepard’s method

and one method for discrete data variables:

 Nearest Neighbor method

Figure 177 A sample picture of 3D structural view

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Interpolation of continuous variables

In geoSURE, the 3D-interpolation of continuous variables is made by applying a modified

Shepard’s method.

The basis for interpolation is forming a grid of size by . Typically, the value of rang-
es between 30 and 60. The bigger the value of , the more detailed the interpolation.
The following equations describe the computation of the interpolant’s value at a given
3D point .

In the modified Shepard’s method, the interpolated value at point is calculated from da-
ta samples , , …, within radius from point by using the function

∑ ,
∑

where is the number of data samples, and weights

,
,
∙ ,

where ( 2 being the default) is positive real number and can be used for adjusting
how fast the significance of the value decreases with distance, and is the maximum
distance of the data point to be taken in the computation.

The advantages of using the modified Shepard’s method are its relatively cheap pro-
cessing time with big data sets and bigger interpolation resolutions. The modified Shep-
ard’s method is considerably faster since it only uses a subset of the data points to calcu-
late the interpolated value.

The inverse distance method is a special case of modified Shepard’s method where
∞.

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Interpolation of discrete variables

The interpolation of discrete variables (rock class and rock quality class) is based on
nearest neighbor interpolation. An by grid is formed in the 3D space. The interpolant
value at a grid point is then computed as follows:
For given point in space the interpolant shall have the most common value of
the nearest data point.

In all interpolation methods, the sample values between grid points are computed by
regular linear interpolation.

Plane intersections

Plane intersections visualize the interpolated values at all the plane points.

Isosurfaces and isocurves

Isosurfaces and isocurves are intended to be a method of highlighting areas or volumes

of interest. They are defined by an isovalue set by the user
In geoSURE, the isocurves are visualized as curves on an intersection plane at which
the interpolant is estimated to have the isovalue . One side of the curve is estimated to
contain values greater than , and the other side to contain values less than . For ex-
ample, if the user has set an isovalue of 200 MPa for SDR, the curves can be used to in-
dicate the area within which the values are less than 200 MPa.
An isosurface is a 3D counterpart of an isocurve. It is a surface in 3D at which the inter-
polant is estimated to have the isovalue . The inner volume of the surface is estimated
to contain values greater (or less, depending on the interpolant spatial structure) than .

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13.7 User interface – fundamentals

The data is handled primarily by utilizing iSURE’s Project Explorer window. The analysis
data will be attached to the tunnel project as basic MWD data. For more information, see
section 12.1.

The new analysis variables can be visualized in MWD diagram view for individual holes
and basic 3D view for individual drilling patterns. For more information, see sections 12.5
and 12.9.

The following user interface guide will concentrate on geoSURE specific visualizations,
i.e. 2D planar view and 3D structural view. The geoSURE-related options menu will also
be presented.

The planar view and structural view can be found from Project Explorer by right-clicking
on the selected tunnel plan or from the tool bar menu.

Figure 178 Selecting 3D structural view and 2D planar view

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Planar view controls

The planar view controls include:

 Peg range for visualization
o Start peg
o End peg
 Variable to be visualized
 Visualization detail level
 Show drilled holes
 Show color bar tool
 Hole type selection for which types of holes are shown

Figure 179 Planar view controls

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Side view

The side view can be selected using the ‘Side view’ tab.

Figure 180 Planar view – side view

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Lower detail level

A lower detail level can be set by sliding the ‘Detail level’ slider to the left. A higher detail
level can be set by sliding the slider to the right. The lowest detail level offers a resolution
of 1x1 pixels per round while the highest detail level offers 16x16 pixels per round.

Figure 181 Planar view – Detail level slider at 50%, giving a 4x4 interpolation per one
visualized round.

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Tunnel top view

The top view can be selected using the ‘Top view’ tab.

Figure 182 Planar view – top view

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Unrolled view

The unrolled view can be selected using the ‘Unrolled view’ tab.

Figure 183 Planar view – unrolled view

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Set assistance lines tool

In Unrolled view, the assistance lines for the ceiling, roof and walls are set using the ‘As-
sistance lines  Adjust on profile’ button.

Figure 184 Assistance lines tool for Unrolled view

Use tips

When visualizing the interpolated values of the fracture indicator, water indicator and
rock quality number, the color bar threshold values must typically be adjusted quite low
or high and in close proximity to each other. As it is typical for most of the rock mass to
be intact, the fracture indication has an abundance of zero values. This results in rela-
tively low values in the interpolant. It is typical that the threshold of red color is between 5
and 10% while the blue color threshold is usually between 0 and 5%.
When using the Set assistance lines tool with unrolled view, it is important to choose a
peg number from (or near) the peg range currently being visualized.

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13.8 Structural view (3D)

Calculation controls:

- From PEG: Selecting the start of the peg number

range. The available peg numbers of the curve table
are presented in the drop-down menu.
- To: Selecting the distance of the peg range. The
default value is set from options.
- Data Collection: List of data collections from the
selected PEG range. Only checked data collections
are used.
- MWD Variables: List of MWD variables. Selected
variable is calculated.

- Calculate Selected: Data of the selected variable

is calculated.
- Save: The hole type, MWD variable and color
scale settings chosen by the user are saved to the
file.
- Load: Saved settings are loaded from the file.

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Planes settings:

- Save Screenshot: Save screenshot to the selected file.

- Plane Position [m]: Position setting for the X-, Y- and Z-
planes.
- The color scale: See section 12.9.4.
- Save: The color scale settings are saved.
- Load: The color scale settings are loaded.

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Isosurfaces settings:

- Five distinct isosurface values are available to use. The checked

values are used and it is possible to set isosurface color.
- ‘Show Isosurface’ should be set in the Context menu.

3D view controls (context menu):

- Show Profiles: Shows the profiles of the data collections.

- Show MWD Holes: Shows the MWD holes of the data collections. See
section 13.8.1
- Show Isosurface: Shows the isosurface layers on the screen. See
section 13.8.2
- Show Isosurface Wireframe: Shows the isosurface wireframe layers
on the screen. See section 13.8.3
- Show Plane X, Y, Z: Shows the selected plane on the screen. See
section 13.8.5
- Layered View (X), (Y), (Z): Shows layers on the screen.

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13.8.1 Structural view with MWD holes

MWD holes are set as visible in Structural view by right-clicking and selecting ‘Show
MWD holes.’

Figure 185 Structural view with MWD holes displayed

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13.8.2 Structural view with plane intersections and

isocurves

Plane intersections are set as visible in Structural view by right-clicking and selecting
‘Show Plane X/Y/Z.’
Isocurves are shown from the ‘Isosurfaces’ tab by checking at least one isovalue check
box and setting the isovalue. Make sure that ‘Show isosurface’ is unchecked in the menu
displayed by right-clicking the mouse.

Figure 186 Structural view with X, Y and Z plane intersections and isocurves displayed

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13.8.3 Structural view with continuous isosurfaces

Under the ‘Isosurface’ tab, check at least one of isovalue check boxes and set the val-
ue(s).
Continuous isosurfaces are set as visible by right-clicking and selecting ‘Show isosurfac-
es.’

Figure 187 Continuous isosurfaces in 3D structural view

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13.8.4 Structural view with isosurface wireframe

Under the ‘Isosurface’ tab, check at least one of isovalue check boxes and set the val-
ue(s).
Wireframed isosurfaces are set as visible by right-clicking and selecting ‘Show isosurface
wireframe.’

Figure 188 Isosurface wireframe in 3D structural view

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13.8.5 Layered planes view

A 3D layered planes view is set as visible by right-clicking and selecting ‘Layered view
(X/Y/Z).’ Visible layers are selected with the ‘Show Plane’ selection.

Figure 189 Layered view in 3D structural view

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13.8.6 Options menu

From options menu the user can set the limits of rock quality class and rock class, adjust
the calculation parameters of visualizations, parameters of rock quality number and the
effects of the analysis validity variable.
The user can set the classification limits from ‘Options  geoSURE  Calculated varia-
bles.’

Figure 190 Setting the limits of classification variables

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The user can adjust the calculation parameters of 3D Structural view visualizations from
‘Options  geoSURE  Calculation.’
The adjustable parameters (see section 13.6.2 for more details) are:
 Point to Cube Max Distance (parameter )
 Smoothing parameter (parameter )
 Discrete data method
o Nearest neighbor
 Continuous data method
o Modified Shepard
o Inverse distance
 Calculation grid size (parameter )
 Minimum triangles in isosurface (filters smaller individual isosurfaces)
 Background grid size (the size of one grid cube in the background grid)
 Colors for isovalues (selectable colors for isosurfaces and isocurves)
 Default selection range (the default length of tunnel section to be shown)

Figure 191 Setting 3D structural view calculation parameters

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From ‘Options  geoSURE  Extended calculation,’ the user can adjust the computa-
tion parameters of rock quality number. The parameters are:
 Minimum depth: The first drilling depth after which the rock quality number is
computed
 Depth window: The length of the depth interval from which one rock quality num-
ber sample is computed
 Calculation method
o Fixed length: Value is computed based on depth window value
o Per hole: One value is computed for each hole
o Sliding number: A separate value is computed for each MWD sample in-
terval

Figure 192 Rock quality number calculation settings

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The effect of the analysis validity variable is adjusted from ‘Options  geoSURE  Vari-
ables.’ Variables which are filtered by analysis validity values can be selected. The anal-
ysis validity threshold can also be set.

The variables which are checked in this menu are filtered from the planar view and struc-
tural view interpolations if the analysis validity threshold is under the set limit at a given
point of interpolation.

Figure 193 Adjusting the effect of analysis validity variable

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13.9 Geological interpretation

General

The geological interpretation requirements and methods of working depend to a great ex-
tent on the site’s individual geological characteristics. Therefore, the methods of perform-
ing geological interpretation with geoSURE are case specific. Here, one example of geo-
logical interpretation with geoSURE is presented.

It is essential that the use of geoSURE is adapted to the site’s specific geological condi-
tions.

A general benefit of geological interpretation with geoSURE is that it enables the identifi-
cation of rock formations which may not be visible on the surface of the rock.
Using geoSURE it is possible to obtain a priori information about the rock, for example
from the injection holes.

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13.9.1 Case study

Example

The given example in 2D planar side view shows a clear ‘blue zone’ in the SDR from bot-
tom left to top right. A distinct change from the blue/green area to a predominantly
green/yellow area can also be seen.

Figure 194 The result of geoSURE analysis and visualization

When compared against the geological mapping result, correspondence with the fracture
zone can be observed in addition to a change in rock quality.

Figure 195 Outcome of geological mapping based on visual inspection

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Figure 196In structural view, the SDR value has been interpolated and a vertical plane
intersection along the tunnel direction is taken. The fracture zone can be seen clearly in
blue bounded by a red isocurve

The image below shows the same fracture zone visualized in structural view with the in-
tersection plane parallel to the face plane. The horizontal component of the weakness
zone can now be seen.

Figure 197 3D structural view with two intersection planes

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13.10 Data handling, storage, forwarding and ownership

In principle, the produced MWD-analysis data (and basic MWD data) is owned by the
owner of the drill rig unless otherwise agreed. The MWD-analysis data is produced in
.ZDA files, which are typically attached to an iSURE project. When part of an iSURE pro-
ject, the data collections are stored in .DCL files in the project’s folder structure. The
generated cache files also contain the MWD data collection information.

The data can be processed by regular iSURE data-handling tools, (see the chapter on
12).

If the data is to be forwarded to other stakeholders, it is advisable to reach an agreement

about the allowed use and ownership of the data. This is particularly important when
there are multiple stakeholders in one tunneling project.

When delivering MWD data, the user must note that .DCL and .ZDA files contain all the
data that the drill rig has been collecting during drilling. This includes, among others, all
performance values relating to the drill rig.

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13.11 Performance tips

The features of geoSURE require a relatively high level of computing power, graphics
capabilities and memory from the computer. This section lists some tips to make use of
geoSURE features more efficient.

13.11.1 General

 Use at least the minimum recommended hardware with adequate graphics en-
gine
 Have at least 2 GB free hard disk space to ensure proper use of cache
 Close other programs to free up memory
 Close other windows within iSURE to free up memory
 Pay attention to the memory used indicator in the status bar

If the Memory used indicator exceeds 60%, try closing other programs or other iSURE
windows to free up memory. If memory consumption exceeds 90%, a red indicator is
shown in the status bar.

Memory warning:

A memory warning is displayed in the bottom bar. When memory consumption exceeds
90%, a red indicator is shown.

Loading a variable for the first time may take some time. However, the variable infor-
mation is stored to local cache files, so on subsequent occasions the loading of the vari-

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able will be much faster. As new data is attached to the project, only the new attached
files need to be cached. Therefore, the most time-consuming action is when a variable
from within a large amount of data (several tens of data collections) in one tunnel plan is
opened for the first time.

Note that when changing the values from ‘Options  geoSURE  Calculated variables
for new classification boundaries,’ the corresponding variable must be calculated and
cached. This is similar to the situation when the variable is loaded for the first time.

Planar view

Use lower detail levels, if appropriate, by using the detail level slider.

Note that the first time this action is performed, the program computes the selected MWD
variable in Planar view, which may be time-consuming. However, on subsequent occa-
sions the process will be significantly faster as it can be retrieved directly from the gener-
ated cache files.

Structural view

It is advisable to select a reasonably small length of tunnel section so that the computer
is able to process it. Tunnel sections of 15—25 m in length can typically be handled with-
out problems and some computers may even be able to visualize 100 m tunnel sections
in 3D.

From the ‘Options’ menu, select ‘geoSURE  Calculation  Default selection range.’

Decrease the calculation grid size if the computations tend to take an inconvenient
amount of time.

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13.12 Calibration
To ensure the validity of the collected data, the calibration and geological validation of the
onboard system should be performed as a dedicated calibration effort as soon as possi-
ble in order not to miss any valuable data.

The calibration process is rig- and site-specific, and requires a geological reference from
the drilled area.

The calibration of the onboard system must be performed by qualified Sandvik personnel
using appropriate calibration tools and expertise. Typically, the calibration is performed
during the first set of rounds, i.e. when the tunneling process starts. The calibration re-
quires approximately 3–5 rounds of drilling and needs also approximately 10–20 exten-
sion holes to be drilled.

A recalibration is needed when

 A new tunnel project is started

 There is a validated systematical error in the interpretation results
 The interpreted data with one bit diameter/type differs systematically from data
with other bit diameters/types from holes in close proximity

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13.13 Technical support

If you are in need of further assistance, please contact Sandvik’s local sales company or tech-
nical support.

Further calibration, expert support, etc. must to be negotiated with Sandvik’s local representative.

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APPENDIX A:: General shortcuts used in the program

Ctrl + O : Open file.

Ctrl + S : Save active document.
Ctrl + Shift + S : Save all edited files that are open.
Ctrl + Z : Undo recently performed function.
Ctrl + X : Cut selected object(s) for pasting.
Ctrl + C : Copy the selected object(s).
Ctrl + V : Paste cut/copied objects.
Ctrl + A : Select all objects.
Ctrl + M : Set the measuring tool to be on or off.
Ctrl + W: Adding of Waypoint hole in the drill plan sequence work phase
Ctrl + J: To save the active tunnel plan, drill- or bolting plan in the drilling rig
Ctrl + P : Print.
Alt + Enter : Enable/disable full-screen-view mode.
F1 : Open the Help function of the active work phase in drill plan or bolt plan design.
F10 : Check drill plan or bolt plan
ALT Hold down to select multiple overlapping objects.
Ctrl and Shift: Hold down to add objects to a selection or remove them.

The drill plan design screen has the following shortcuts:

G: Add/remove the selected hole to/from the hole group.
O: Set the selected hole to be the origin of the group.
F5 : Center (fit to screen)
F12 : Show/hide rulers
+ : Zooms the view in (Zoom in).
- : Zooms the view out (Zoom out).
Home : Increase the size of the hole symbol (Increase Hole Size).
End : Decrease the size of the hole symbol (Decrease Hole Size).
Page Up and Page Down: Select the previous or next detonator or surface delay in the
detonator or surface delay design work phase; next / previous selection in sequence
simulation.
Ctrl + ‘+’ : Increase the size of the hole symbol text (Increase Hole Text).
Ctrl + ‘-’ : Decrease the size of the hole symbol text (Decrease Hole Text).

In graphical 3D displays, the following buttons can be used to perform functions:

 Q: PAN up
 E: PAN down
 A: PAN left

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 D: PAN right
 W: Forward (Zoom in)
 S: Backward (Zoom out)
 Z: Turn origin counterclockwise
 C: Turn origin clockwise
Hold the Shift key down to accelerate camera movement.

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APPENDIX B: Error processing

If the application detects a problem during processing, notification of this is displayed,
and an error description is saved in the file log.txt. The file's default directory is
C:\Documents and Settings\user\Local Settings\Application Data\iSURE\log.txt or
C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\iSURE\log.txt (Windows Vista and Windows 7 operating
systems)

When reporting possible problems, you should attach the log.txt file with the report.

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