9 An ............ person wants to be very successful in their career.
A arrogant B inspiring C ambitious D optimistic
10 Ben is a highly ............ scientist and is getting an important new job.
A respected B arrogant C naive D recognised
11 Paula is ............ about her job saving endangered animals and can’t imagine doing anything else.
A interested B strong C involved D passionate
12 It is hard to make a ............ person do something he or she doesn’t want to do.
A stubborn B loyal C motivated D respected
13 Jamie is trying to ............ up cake because he knows he eats too many sweet things.
A keep B give C take D go
14 I only eat vegetables now – it’s hard so I hope I can ............ it up
A hold B keep C take D cut
15 Many people think it’s exciting to have ............ at something new from time to time.
A a break B an idea C a go D help
16 If Tom ............ to get financial support for this business idea, it’s sure to do well.
A manages B succeeds C arrives D achieves
17 In business, you can’t afford to be too sensitive and worry when people are negative about you.
18 Brigitte is a loyal friend, so I know she’ll be with me through everything.
19 Anna is rather naive – she believes things that people say too easily.
20 Arrogant people are big-headed and so they think they are more important than other people.
21 I’m making an effort to learn Russian before I move to Moscow but it’s hard.
22 Dylan got a new job last year in the design department but it didn’t work out so he left.
23 My daughter’s following a tiring exercise programme but she’s determined, so she’ll keep to it.
24 A self-confident person isn’t afraid to try out new things.
My remarkable neighbour I like listening to my neighbour’s stories about the history of our street. She is 86 and has lived
in the street since she was three. Her children have left home now but they and her grandchildren (25) ………… her often.
One day, when she (26) ………… her granddaughter from primary school, a teacher came up to her. ‘In our history lessons
at the moment, the students (27) ………… about life in the 1940s,’ he said. ‘Could you come and tell them about your
schooldays back then?’ ‘Who (28) ………… you this idea?’ my neighbour asked the teacher in surprise. ‘Of course, it was
my granddaughter!’ my neighbour told me. ‘So I had to do it even though I (29) ………… in public before. Luckily, the
children seemed really interested in my talk and had lots of questions.’ ‘(30) ………… ?’ I asked. ‘Everything! They even
wanted to know what (31) ………… for breakfast in 1940! I was quite famous for a time but it was a few years ago now. I
wonder (32) ………… the children still remember my lesson.’
25 A are visiting B had visited C visit D visited
26 A was getting B has got C is getting D gets
27 A learn B learnt C are learning D had learnt
28 A did give B gave C does give D gives
29 A has never spoken B never spoke C was never speaking D had never spoken
30 A Who with B Where to C How long D What about
31 A I ate B did I eat C had I eaten D I have eaten
32 A what B who C whether D which
33 Lola, my friend from work, started writing stories when she was a child. stories
My friend, Lola, has written stories/ has been writing stories since she was a child.
34 Lawrence noticed Emily painting the mountain. when
Emily was painting the mountain when/ was painting when Lawrence noticed her.
35 When people first arrived, there were no longer any dinosaurs on the earth. disappeared
When people first arrived, dinosaurs had disappeared already.
36 Dan hasn’t swum for three years because the sea’s very cold here. last
Dan last swam/last went swimming/swam for the last time in the sea three years ago because it’s very cold here.
37 Why did the boss change Jonathan’s job – have you any idea? know
Do you know why the boss changed Jonathan’s job?
38 Who went with Emma on the cruise? go
Who did Emma go with on the cruise?
39 Who was the first to stop going to the gym? up
Who gave up going to the gym first?
40 Did the guests enjoy the party last night? me
Can you tell me whether the guests enjoyed/ me if the guests enjoyed the party last night?
Unit 2
9 Many tourists get ............ when swimming off this beach, so be careful.
A the feeling B into trouble C rid of D someone down
10 My brother has got ............ in a local project to save the environment.
A concentrated B satisfied C talented D involved
11 It was so hot in the city that we were anxious to get ............ on holiday.
A down B in C away D above
12 I went on holiday to Brazil and I couldn’t ............ how beautiful it is there.
A get through B get over C get to D get straight
13 Lions and tigers have to ............ for animals to kill and eat in order to survive.
A run B attack C hunt D cros
14 The tiger is such a ............ animal, so it’s important to protect it.
A rare B raw C simple D natural
15 Human activity is the biggest danger to the ............ of most animals.
A nature B species C habitat D place
16 Siberian tigers may be completely ............ soon and only seen in photographs.
A unusual B protected C extinct D endangered
17 Frank got the feeling that he was lost because he didn’t recognise the path.
18 John got hold of Katie’s hand and pulled her out of the river.
19 Gary realised he wasn’t getting anywhere with the animal project, so he gave up.
20 We have to be careful how we get rid of rubbish because it can harm the environment.
21 It can be dangerous to swim in the sea alone at night – you could put yourself at risk
22 There are many different species of animal in Africa.
23 Many animals are endangered, and so we need to protect them.
24 The elephant is a beautiful creature but it can sometimes be dangerous.
Walking holiday
My wife and I have always loved Portugal. A few years ago, when we (25) ………… in rainy London, we decided to get
away for a while and to walk the 300km between the two biggest cities in Portugal: Porto and Lisbon. On paper, it
looked a long way, but we thought, (26) ………… we try, we'll never know. It took 19 days. The first week was tiring, but
we soon got over that. The scenery was amazing and we found wonderful places to camp by the sea. 20 years earlier, I
(27) ………… in Lisbon and, all throughout our walk, I (28) ………… to celebrating the end of the journey in my favourite old
restaurant. Imagine how happy I was to find it (29) ………… still there. I don’t know if it’s possible, but we’d love to repeat
the experience. (30) ………… we keep fit by walking every weekend, we won’t have a problem. Anyway, we’ll keep all our
walking equipment (31) ………… we do. It would be great. (32) ………… we decide, we’ll let everyone know!
25 A had sat B were sitting C sit D sits
26 A provided B when C unless D in case
27 A work B working C had worked D have worked
28 A look forward B have looked forward C am looking forward D had been looking forward
29 A was being B was C will be D had been
30 A Whether B As long as C Unless D As soon as
31 A whether B provided C as soon as D in case
32 A In case B As long as C As soon as D Provided
33 William went to Paris for the first time when he started his new job. never
Before he started his new job, William had never been/has never travelled to Paris.
34 Sally has been interested in the environment since university. when
Sally’s interest in the environment started when /when she was/when she was studying at university.
35 We started to climb the mountain and then, three hours later, we saw the bear. been
We had been climbing the mountain for three hours when we saw the bear.
36 It started raining in the middle of the picnic and so we had to get back in the car. while
It started raining while we were having/eating/while we were at the picnic and so we had to get back in the car
37 If you’re very quiet, you won’t scare the animals. long
You won’t scare the animals as long as you’re/long as you keep/stay/remain very quiet.
38 If you stay still, the lions won’t pay you any attention. provided
The lions won’t pay you any attention provided you don’t/provided that you don’t move.
39 If Sam hasn’t finished taking photos of the birds, we can’t leave. unless
We can’t leave unless Sam has finished taking photos of the birds.
40 The weather can change suddenly in the mountains, so always take warm clothes with you. case
When walking in the mountains, always take warm clothes with you in case the weather changes suddenly.
Review tenses
Present simple & Present continuous
Present perfect & Present perfect continuous
Past simple
Past perfect & Past perfect continuous
Character adjectives
English Spanish
Absent-minded Despitstado
Agreeable Agradable
ambitious ambicioso
Approachable Accessible
annoying pesado
argumentative, quarrelsome discutidor
Articulate Articular
Attractive Atractivo
bad-tempered malhumorado
Biased Tendencioso
big-headed creído, engreído
bitchy de mala leche, venenoso;
Boring Aburrido
brave valiente
cantankerous cascarrabias
carefree despreocupado
careless descuidado, poco cuidadoso
cautious prudente, cauteloso, cauto;
charming encantador
cheerful alegre, jovial;
Clever Inteligente
Competent Competente
conceited, full of oneself presumido
conservative conservador
Considerate Considerado
Contented Contento
conventional convencional
Corrupt Corrupto
cowardly cobarde
Crafty Astuto
crazy, nuts loco, chiflado
cruel cruel
Cultured Culto
Cunning Astuto
Cynical Cínico
Decisive Decisivo
Detestable Detestable
Demanding Exigente
Dependable Confiable
Direct Directo
Disagreeable Desagradable
Discreet Discreto
Discontented Descontento
Dishonest Deshonesto
Disloyal Desleal
Disobedient Desobediente
Disorganised Desestructurado
Disrespectful Irrespetuoso
Dumb Tonta
dull, boring soso, aburrido
Earnest Serio
Easy-going De trato fácil
Efficient Eficiente
Enthusiastic Entusiasta
Eccentric Excéntrico
Excitable Excitable
Faithful Fiel
Fair Justa
Fearful Temeroso
Flexible Flexible
Forgetful Olvidadizo
Friendly Simpático
Funny Gracioso
flirtatious coqueta
friendly amigable, simpático, agradable
generous generoso
Grumpy Gruñón
Happy Contento
hard-working trabajador
Helpful Servicial
Honest Honesto
Humble Humilde
Idiotic Idiota
Imaginative Imaginativo
Immature Inmaduro
Impatient Impaciente
Impolite Descortés
Insane Loco
Insecure Inseguro
Intelligent Inteligente
Interesting Interesante
kind amable
laid-back tranquilo, relajado
lazy perezoso, vago
Likeable Simpático
Logical Lógico
Loud Fuerte
Loveable Adorable
Loving Cariñoso
loyal fiel
Mature Maduro
Miserable Miserable
mean tacaño
modest modesto
moody de humor cambiante
Narrow-minded De mente estrecha
Nervous Nervioso
naive ingenuo, inocentón
naughty (children) malo, travieso (niños)
Obedient Obediente
open-minded: mente abierta
narrow-minded: de actitud abierta, sin prejuicios
Optimistic Optimista
Organized Organizado
Outspoken Abierto
Passionate Apasionado
Pathetic Patético
Patient Paciente
Pessimistic Pesimista
Petty Pequeño
Pleasant Agradable
pious piadoso
polite cortés, educado
proud orgulloso
Quiet Tranquilo
Reckless Imprudente
Relaxed Relajado
Reserved Reservado
Respectful Respetuoso
reliable: he’s a very reliable person fiable, confiable: es una persona en la que se puede
confiar
Resourceful Ingenioso
Rude Maleducado
Ruthless Implacable
Sane Cuerdo
Sarcastic Sarcástico
self-confident: to be self-confident seguro de sí mismo: tener confianza en sí mismo
selfish egoísta
sensible sensato, prudente;
sensitive sensible
Serious Serio
Shameless Desvergonzado
shy - introverted tímido, vergonzoso - introvertido
Silly Tonto
Sincere Sincero
Smart Inteligente
Sociable Sociable
Snobby Snob
Strong Fuerte
Stubborn terco, testarudo, tozudo
Stupid Estupido
strict estricto, severo, riguroso
sympathetic (understanding) comprensivo
talkative conversador, hablador
Timid Tímido
Tactful Diplomático
Thoughtful Considerado
Tolerant Tolerante
Trustworthy digno de confianza
two-faced falso
Unapproachable Inaccesible
Unattractive No atractivo
Unfair Injusto
Unfaithful Infiel
Unhelpful Inútil
Unkind Cruel
Unloving Desamor
Unpleasant Desagradable
Unreliable No fidedigno
Weak Débil
weird raro, extraño
Wicked Malvado
Trying and succeeding
give up darse por vencido
2 manage to, keep to 2 lograr, mantener
3 keep it up 3 sigue así
4 work out 4 hacer ejercicio
5 have a go at 5 probar
6 try out 6 probar
7 make an effort 7 haz un esfuerzo
8 successfully 8 con éxito
Expressions with get
Get Obtener
Got over Superado
Get the feeling Da la sensación
Got to Tengo que
Got into trouble Se metio en problemas
Get hold of Apoderarse de,conseguir
Got swept away Fue barrido
Getting anywhere Llegar a cualquier parte
Get away Aléjate,escaparse,separarse
Couldn’t get over No pude superarlo
Get can be used to replace the verbs: receive, collect, Obtener se puede usar para reemplazar los verbos:
obtain, buy, catch, arrive, become, persuade, take, be recibir, recolectar, obtener, comprar, atrapar, llegar,
and have. convertirse, persuadir, tomar, ser y tener.
Get your own back = take revenge Recupera tu propia espalda = toma venganza
Get a photo taken have a photo taken I've got to go = I Tomar una foto Tomar una foto Tengo que irme = Tengo
have to go que irme
Get into trouble do something wrong or illegal and be Meterse en problemas por hacer algo incorrecto o ilegal y
subject to punishment. It gets on my nerves = it irritates estar sujeto a un castigo. Me pone de los nervios = me
me irrita
Get to know someone = acquire the knowledge to know Conocer a alguien = adquirir el conocimiento para
s/o conocer a alguien
Get the wrong end of the stick misunderstand Obtener el extremo equivocado del palo malinterpretar
something Get away with it = to escape punishment algo Salirse con la suya = escapar del castigo
Get a train - take or catch a train Consiga un tren - tome o tome un tren
Getting old = becoming old Envejecer = envejecer
Get your act together = improve in attitude Actuar juntos = mejorar en actitud
Get stopped = be stopped (by someone) Ser detenido = ser detenido (por alguien)
Get caught = be caught (by someone) Que te atrapen = ser atrapado (por alguien)
Get a life - do something useful with yourself Consíguete una vida: haz algo útil contigo mismo
Get real - be realistic Sea real, sea realista
They get on like a house on fire - they like each other a Se llevan como una casa en llamas, se quieren mucho y
lot and have a lot in common. tienen mucho en común.
I get the message = I understand Recibo el mensaje = lo entiendo
(Not) get anywhere (not) be successful (No) llegar a ninguna parte (no) tener éxito
I've got some years on the clock = I'm old Get lost = go Tengo algunos años en el reloj = soy viejo Piérdete = vete
away
List of Irregular Verbs (some are not common words)
infinitive past simple past participle
arise arose arisen
awake awoke awoken
bear bore born
be was / were been
beat beat beaten
become became become
begin began begun
bend bent bent
bet bet bet
bind bound bound
bite bit bitten
bleed bled bled
blow blew blown
break broke broken
breed bred bred
bring brought brought
build built built
burst burst burst
burn burnt / burned burnt / burned
buy bought bought
cast cast cast
catch caught caught
choose chose chosen
cling clung clung
come came come
cost cost cost
creep crept crept
cut cut cut
deal dealt dealt
dig dug dug
do did done
draw drew drawn
dream dreamt / dreamed dreamt / dreamed
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
fall fell fallen
feed fed fed
feel felt felt
fight fought fought
find found found
flee fled fled
fling flung flung
fly flew flown
forbid forbade forbidden
forget forgot forgotten
forgive forgave forgiven
freeze froze frozen
get got got
give gave given
go went gone
grind ground ground
grow grew grown
hang hung hung
have had had
hear heard heard
hide hid hidden
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
know knew known
lay laid laid
lead led led
lean leant / leaned leant / leaned
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie lay lain
light lit / lighted lit / lighted
lose lost lost
make made made
mean meant meant
meet met met
mislay mislaid mislaid
mislead misled misled
pay paid paid
put put put
quit quit quit
read /reed/ read /red/ read /red/
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
rise rose risen
run ran run
saw sawed sawn
say said said
see saw seen
seek sought sought
sell sold sold
send sent sent
set set set
sew sewed sewn
shake shook shaken
shine shone shone
shoot shot shot
show showed shown
shrink shrank shrunk
shut shut shut
sing sang sung
sink sank sunk
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
slide slid slid
sow sowed sown
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent
spin spun spun
spill spilt / spilled spilt / spilled
spread spread spread
spring sprang sprung
stand stood stood
steal stole stolen
stick stuck stuck
sting stung stung
stink stank stunk
stride strode stridden
strike struck struck
swear swore sworn
sweep swept swept
swim swam swum
swing swung swung
take took taken
teach taught taught
tear tore torn
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
tread trod trodden
understand understood understood
wake woke woken
wear wore worn
weep wept wept
win won won
wind wound wound
write wrote written
