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Modul Kimia JPN

1. The document discusses concepts related to chemistry including the mole concept, chemical formulas, equations, atomic structure, isotopes, and kinetic theory of matter. 2. Several examples are provided to illustrate these concepts, including the arrangement of particles in different phases of matter and calculating relative atomic mass. 3. Questions related to these topics are presented along with diagrams to aid explanation, such as identifying the melting point on a heating curve graph and describing particle motion based on kinetic theory.

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intan noraisyah
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
315 views11 pages

Modul Kimia JPN

1. The document discusses concepts related to chemistry including the mole concept, chemical formulas, equations, atomic structure, isotopes, and kinetic theory of matter. 2. Several examples are provided to illustrate these concepts, including the arrangement of particles in different phases of matter and calculating relative atomic mass. 3. Questions related to these topics are presented along with diagrams to aid explanation, such as identifying the melting point on a heating curve graph and describing particle motion based on kinetic theory.

Uploaded by

intan noraisyah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROGRAM SEMARAK KASIH SPM 2.

0 JPN SARAWAK|2

BAB 2: KONSEP MOL, FORMULA DAN PERSAMAAN KIMIA


CHAPTER 1: THE MOLE CONCEPT, CHEMICAL FORMULA AND EQUATION

BAHAGIAN A / SECTION A

(PAHANG 2016, QUESTION 1)


1. Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan Pn Aminah sedang menggoreng ayam di dapur, manakala Ali dan
ayahnya berada di ruang tamu.
Diagram 1.1 shows Pn Aminah is frying chicken in the kitchen while Ali and his father are at
the living room.

Rajah/ Diagram 1.1


(a) (i) Bau ayam goreng merebak hingga ke ruang tamu. Namakan proses yang berlaku.
The smell of fried chicken spreads to the living room. Name the process that
occured.

……………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 markah /1 mark]

(ii) Terangkan jawapan anda di a(i) dengan menggunakan teori kinetik jirim.
Explain your answer in a(i) by using kinetic theory of matter.

……………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………..
[3 markah /3 marks]

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541


PROGRAM SEMARAK KASIH SPM 2.0 JPN SARAWAK|3

(b) Rajah 1 menunjukkan lengkung pemanasan bagi pepejal naftalena.


Diagram 1 shows the heating curve for solid naphthalene.

(i) Pada graf di atas, tunjuk dan labelkan takat lebur naftalena.
On the graph above, show and label the melting point of naphthalene.
[1 markah /1 mark]

(ii) Lukis susunan zarah naftalena pada AB dan CD.


Draw the arrangement of particles of naphthalene at AB and CD.

AB CD

[2 markah /2 marks]

(iii) Terangkan mengapa suhu tidak berubah dari B ke C.


Explain why the temperature remains constant from B to C.

…………………………………………………………………………………..

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………
[2 markah /2 marks]

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541


PROGRAM SEMARAK KASIH SPM 2.0 JPN SARAWAK|4

(PERLIS 2020, QUESTION 2)


2 (a) Jadua1 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi dua isotop unsur natrium.
Table 1 shows proton number and nucleon number of two isotopes of sodium element.
Isotope Proton number Nucleon number Nombor
Isotop Nombor proton nukleon
Sodium-23 11 23
Natrium-23
Sodium-24 11 24
Natrium-24
Jadual /Table 1

(i) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan isotop?


What is the meaning of isotope?

……………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(ii) Nyatakan satu kegunaan natrium-24 dalam kehidupan harian.


State one use of isotope sodium-24 in daily life.

……………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(iii) Berdasarkan Jadual 1, tentukan bilangan elektron dan neutron dalam jadual di
bawah.
Based on Table 1, determine the number of electrons and neutrons in the table
below.
Isotop Bilangan elektron Bilangan neutron
Isotope Number of electrons Number of neutrons

Sodium-23
Natrium-23
Sodium-24
Natrium-24
[2 markah /2 marks]

(b) Isotop Mg-24, Mg-25 dan Mg-26 kelimpahan semula jadi 79.0%, 10.0% dan 11.0%.
Hitungkan jisim atom relatif bagi isotop Mg-24, Mg-25 dan Mg-26.
Isotope Mg-24, Mg-25 dan Mg-26 has natural abundance of 79.0%, 10.0% and 11.0%.
Calculate the relative atomic mass for isotope Mg-24, Mg-25 dan Mg-26.

[1 markah /1 mark]

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541


PROGRAM SEMARAK KASIH SPM 2.0 JPN SARAWAK|5

(MELAKA 2020, QUESTION 2)


3 Rajah 2 menunjukkan model susunan elektron yang dicadangkan oleh Neils Bohr.
Diagram 2 shows the electron arrangement model proposed by Neils Bohr.

Rajah / Diagram 2

(a) (i) Nyatakan nama bagi Y.


State the name of Y.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(ii) Nyatakan nama bagi zarah-zarah sub-atomik didalam nucleus atom X.


State the name of the sub-atomic particles inside the nucleus of atom X.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[2 markah /2 marks]

(iii) Nyatakan susunan elektron bagi ion X.


State the electron arrangement of ion X.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(b) Unsur X mempunyai takat didih -183 OC. Ramalkan keadaan fizikal bagi X pada suhu
bilik.
Element X has the boiling point of -183 OC. Predict the physical state of X at room
temperature.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541


PROGRAM SEMARAK KASIH SPM 2.0 JPN SARAWAK|6

(c) Berdasarkan Teori Kinetik Jirim, huraikan susunan dan pergerakan zarah unsur X
pada suhu bilik.
Based on the Kinetic Theory of matter, describe the arrangement and movement of
particles of element X at room temperature.

Susunan zarah
Arrangement of
particles
Pergerakan zarah
Movement of
particles
[2 markah /2 marks]

(d) Jadual 2 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi atom-atom P, Q dan
R.
Table 2 shows the proton number and nucleon number for atoms P, Q and R.

(i) Tentukan bilangan neutron di dalam Q.


Determine the number of neutrons in Q.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(ii) Nyatakan mengapa atom Q dan R mempunyai sifat kimia yang sama.
State why atom Q and R has the same chemical properties.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

FINAL YEAR EXAM SBP FORM 4 2016, NO 1


4. (a) Jadual 1 menunjukkan bilangan proton dan neutron bagi atom P dan atom Q.
Table 1 shows the number of protons and neutrons for atom P and atom Q.

Atom Bilangan proton Bilangan neutron


Number of proton Number of neutron
P 11 12
Q 8 10
Jadual/ Table 1

(i) Nyatakan istilah bagi ‘jumlah bilangan proton dan neutron’ dalam satu atom?
State the term for ‘the total number of protons and neutrons’ in an atom?

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541


PROGRAM SEMARAK KASIH SPM 2.0 JPN SARAWAK|7

(ii) Lukiskan struktur atom P.


Draw the atomic structure of P.

[2 markah /2 marks]

(iii) Tuliskan simbol P dalam bentuk 𝐴𝑍𝑌


Write the symbol of P in the form of 𝐴𝑍𝑌.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(b) (i) Atom R ialah isotop bagi atom Q. Nyatakan bilangan proton dalam atom R .
Atom R is an isotope of atom Q. State the number of protons in atom R.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(ii) Atom Q dan R menunjukkan sifat kimia yang sama. Nyatakan satu sebab.
Atom Q and R shows the same chemical properties. State one reason.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(c) (i) Unsur Q ialah satu sebatian dengan takat didih – 34.0 oC. Ramalkan keadaan
fizik unsur Q pada suhu bilik.
Element Q is a compound with boiling point of –34.0 oC. Predict the physical
state of element Q at room temperature.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(ii) Berdasarkan teori kinetik jirim, huraikan susunan dan pergerakan zarah bagi
unsur Q pada suhu bilik.
Based on the kinetic theory of matter, describe the arrangement and movement
of particles of element Q at room temperature.

Susunan zarah
Arrangement of particles
Pergerakan zarah
Movement of particles
[2 markah /2 marks]

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541


PROGRAM SEMARAK KASIH SPM 2.0 JPN SARAWAK|8

PERLIS 2016, NO 2
5. Jadual 2 menunjukkan bilangan proton dan bilangan neutron dalam atom R, S dan T.
Table 2 shows the number of proton and the number of neutron in atom R, S and T.

Atom Bilangan proton Bilangan neutron


Number of proton Number of neutron
R 11 12
S 11 13
T 12 12
Jadual/ Table 2

(a) Nyatakan tiga zarah sub atom.


State three subatomic particles of an atom.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(b) (i) Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan isotop?


What is meant by isotope?

…..………………………………………………………………………………

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(ii) Atom-atom yang manakah merupakan isotop?


Which atoms are isotopes?

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(iii) Nyatakan radioisotop yang digunakan untuk merawat penyakit kanser.


State the radioisotope that is used to treat cancer diseases.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(c) (i) Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom R.


Write the electron arrangement of atom R.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(ii) Apakah elektron valens bagi atom R?


What is valence electron of atom R?

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541


PROGRAM SEMARAK KASIH SPM 2.0 JPN SARAWAK|9

(d) Tuliskan simbol S dalam bentuk 𝐴𝑍𝑆


Write the symbol of S in the form of 𝐴𝑍𝑆.

…..………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

(e) (i) Lukiskan susunan elektron bagi atom T.


Draw the electron arrangement of atom T.

[1 markah /1 mark]

(ii) Nyatakan kedudukan unsur bagi atom T dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.
State the position of element of atom T in the Periodic Table of Element.

…..………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah /1 mark]

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541


P R O G R A M S E M A R A K K A S I H S P M 2 . 0 J P N S A R A W A K | 10

BAHAGIAN / SECTION B

PERAK TICKET TO VICTORY 2021, ESSAY QUESTION 2


6. (a) Perwakilan piawai unsur membolehkan maklumat tentang sesuatu unsur dipamerkan
dengan cara yang lebih ringkas dan tepat.
Rajah 7.1 di bawah menunjukkan perwakilan piawai bagi natrium-23.
Standard representation of an element allows information about an element to be
displayed in simpler and more accurate manner.
Diagram 7.1 shows standard representation for sodium-23.

(i) Nyatakan empat maklumat yang dapat diperolehi daripada perwakilan piawai
diatas.
State four information that can be obtained from the above standard
representation.
[4 markah / 4 marks]

(ii) Natrium-24 adalah isotop kepada natrium-23. Lukiskan dan huraikan struktur
atom bagi natrium-24. Terangkan mengapa natrium-23 dan natrium-24 adalah
isotop.
Sodium-24 is the isotope for sodium-23. Draw and describe the atomic
structure of sodium-24. Explain why sodium-23 and sodium-24 are isotopes.
[6 markah / 6 marks]

(b) Rajah 7.2 menunjukkan perubahan keadaan jirim.


Diagram 7.2 shows a change of state of matter.

(i) Namakan proses I dan proses II.


Name process I and II.
[2 markah / 2 marks]
(ii) Bandingkan susunan zarah dalam X dan Y dari aspek berikut:
Compare the arrangements of the particles in X and Y in terms of the following
aspects:
• Susunan zarah
Arrangement of the particles
• Pergerakan zarah
Movement of the particles
• Daya tarikan antara zarah
Force of attraction between the particles
• Kandungan tenaga
Energy content
[8 markah / 8 marks]

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541


P R O G R A M S E M A R A K K A S I H S P M 2 . 0 J P N S A R A W A K | 11

MRSM 2015, QUESTION 7


7. Rajah 10.1 menunjukkan hablur kalium mangganat(VII) diletakkan diatas agar-agar dan tabung uji
ditutup serta diapit kepada kaki retort. Selepas 2 hari sebahagian agar-agar bertukar menjadi warna
ungu.
Diagram 10.1 shows potassium manganate(VII) crystals are placed at the top of the agar and the
test tube is closed and clamped to the retort stand. After 2 days, part of the agar turns purple.

Diagram 10.1/ Rajah 10.1

(a) Namakan proses tersebut dan dengan menggunakan Teori Kinetic Jirim, huraikan secara
ringkas perubahan yang berlaku.
Name the process and using Kinetic Theory of Matter, describe briefly the changes that
occur.
[4 markah/ 4 marks]
(b) Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan struktur atom J dan ionnya. Huruf yang digunakan bukan symbol
sebenar bagi unsur itu.
Diagram 10.2 shows the structure of atom J and its ion. The letter used is not the actual
symbol of the element.

Rajah/ Diagram 10.2

(i) Tulis symbol bagi atom J dalam bentuk


Write the symbol for atom J in the form of

[2 markah / 2 marks]
(ii) Berdasarkan Rajah 10.2, terangkan mengapa atom J adalah neutral manakala ion J pula
bercas +1.
Based on Diagram 10.2 explain why atom J is neutral while ion J is +1 charge.

[4 markah/ [4 marks]

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541


P R O G R A M S E M A R A K K A S I H S P M 2 . 0 J P N S A R A W A K | 12

SKEMA JAWAPAN/ ANSWER SCHEME

No Rubric Marks
Rubrik Markah
1. (a) Resapan 1 1
Diffusion
1. Zarah bau ayam goreng kecil / Particles of fried chicken 1
smell are tiny 1
2. bergerak rawak di antara zarah udara/ move randomly in 1 3
between air particles
3. dari Kawasan kepekatan tinggi ke Kawasan kepekatan
rendah/ from higher concentration to lower concentration
region.
(b) (i) 1 1

(ii) 1+1 2

(iii) 1. Tenaga haba diserap digunakan/ Heat energy absorbed is 1 2


used 1
2. untuk mengatasi daya tarikan di antara//untuk mengatasi
daya di antara molekul //
to overcome the forces of attraction between particles // to
overcome the intermolecular forces.
JUMLAH/ TOTAL 9

Latihan Pengukuhan Kimia 4541

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