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Cs6303-Computer Architecture Unit-Iv Parallelism Part A: Svcet

The document defines key concepts in parallel computing including: 1. Parallel processing involves concurrently processing data using multiple processors. A multiprocessor system contains two or more processors. 2. A cluster connects multiple computers over a local network to function as a single large multiprocessor system. Multicore processors place multiple processor cores on a single chip to improve performance. 3. Amdahl's law calculates performance gains from improving portions of a computer system. It states that faster execution modes are limited by the portions that cannot use them. So in summary, the document covers definitions of parallel and distributed computing concepts such as parallel programs, multiprocessor systems, clusters, multicore processors, and Am

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65 views4 pages

Cs6303-Computer Architecture Unit-Iv Parallelism Part A: Svcet

The document defines key concepts in parallel computing including: 1. Parallel processing involves concurrently processing data using multiple processors. A multiprocessor system contains two or more processors. 2. A cluster connects multiple computers over a local network to function as a single large multiprocessor system. Multicore processors place multiple processor cores on a single chip to improve performance. 3. Amdahl's law calculates performance gains from improving portions of a computer system. It states that faster execution modes are limited by the portions that cannot use them. So in summary, the document covers definitions of parallel and distributed computing concepts such as parallel programs, multiprocessor systems, clusters, multicore processors, and Am

Uploaded by

Kingsley S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SVCET

CS6303-COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE

UNIT-IV

PARALLELISM

PART A

1. Define parallel processing

Processing data concurrently is known as parallel processing

2. Define multiprocessor system

A computer system with atleast two processor is called multiprocessor system

3. Define parallel processing program

A single program that runs on multiple processors simultaneously

4. What is cluster

A set of computers connected over a local area network that function as single large
multiprocessor is called cluster

5. What is multicore

A multicore is an architectural design that places multiple processors on a single


computer chip to enhance performance and allow simultaneous process of multiple tasks more
efficiently. Each processor is called core

6. What is CMP and SMP

CMP- allow single chip multiprocessing

SMP- share single physical address space

7. State Amdahl’s law

CS6303 – COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE UNIT-IV Page 1


SVCET

It states that performance improvement to be gained from using some faster mode of
execution is limited by the fraction of the time the faster mode can be used

8. What is the use of Amdahl’s law

It is used to calculate the performance gain that can be obtained by improving some
portion of a computer.

9. What is strong scaling

Speed up achieved on a multiprocessor without increasing the size of the problem

10. What is weak scaling

Speed up achieved on a multiprocessor proportional to increase in number of processors

List four major groups of computers defined by Michael.J. Flyn

Single instruction stream – single data stream

Single instruction stream –multiple data stream

Multiple instruction stream – single data stream

Multiple instruction stream – multiple data stream

11. What is SISD

SISD have more than one functional unit, but all functional units are control by a single
control unit

12. What is SIMD

SIMD receive same instruction from control unit but operate on different data sets from
distinct data stream

13. What is MISD

The several processing units process the same data using different programs.

14. What is data level parallelism

Parallelism achieved by performing the same operation on independent data is known as


data level parallelism

15. What is hardware multithreading

CS6303 – COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE UNIT-IV Page 2


SVCET

Increasing the utiutilization of a processor by switching to another thread when one


thread is stalled is called hardware multithreading

16. Compare process switch and thread switch

Process switch Thread switch


A process switch is an operation that switches A thread switch is an operation that switches
the process or control from one process to the processor control from one one thread to
another another within the same process
It is very expensive It is very cheap

17. Define interleaved or fine grained multithreading

The processor executes two or more threads at a time. It switches from one thread to
another at each clock cycle. During execution if a thread is blocked because of data dependencies
or memory latencies that thread is skipped and a ready thread is executed

18. Define blocked or coarse grained multithreading

The processor executes instructions of a thread sequentially and if an event causes any
delay, it switches to another thread

19. What is UMA processor

UMA- Uniform Memory Access (UMA) Multiprocessors

A processor in which latency to any word in main memory is about the same matter which
processor requests the access

20. What is NUMA processor

NUMA- Non Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) Multiprocessors

A type of single address multiprocessor in which some memory accesses are faster than others
depending on which processor asks for which word.

CS6303 – COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE UNIT-IV Page 3


SVCET

PART B

1. Explain flyn’s classification in detail

2. Discuss the principle of hardware multithreading and elaborate its types

3. What are multicore processors and explain it

4. Deduce the challenges faced in parallelism

5. Discuss in detail instruction level parallelism

CS6303 – COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE UNIT-IV Page 4

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