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SKILL DEVELOPMENT
CURRENT SITUATION
62 per cent of India’s population is aged between 15 and 59 years. The demographic
dividend is expected to last for another 25years.
With most of the developed world experiencing an aging population, India has the
opportunity to supply skilled labour globally and become the world’s skill capital
However, the demographic advantage might turn into a demographic disaster if the
Ki h new entrants and the existing workforce do not match in
requirements.
Government Initiatives:
1. Adedicated Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE)
was set up.
2. On July 15, 2015, on the first ever World Youth Skills Day, the Honourable
Prime Minister launched the Skill India scheme - Pradhan Mantri Kaushal
Vikas Yojana
3. Recently Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana3.0 was launched.
4. To improve the relevance and quality of courses offered by industrial
training institutes (ITIs), polytechnics and private training providers, sector
skill councils (SSCs) have been involved in curriculum
up-gradation/preparation, and in the assessment and certification process.
Constraints:
The National Skill Development Policy estimates that only 5.4 per cent of the
workforce in India has undergone formal skill training as compared to 68 per cent
in the UK, 75 per cent in Germany and 96 per cent in South Korea.
The India Skill Report states that only 47 per cent of those coming out of higher
educational institutions are employable.
Major challenges to skill development are:
Mapping skill requirements sector-wise and geographically.
* Making vocational training an aspirational choice.
© Involving industry for improved quality and relevance — scaling up the
apprenticeship programme.
© Integrating the informal sector into the skill development ecosystem
because many industries are in the unorganised sector and training
becomes very challenging
* Putting in place an effective, internationally recognized assessment and
certification system. WAY FORWARD.
Mapping skill requirements for demand driven skill development
Creation of a portal for the industries to provide the data on
their skill requirements.
Mapping skill requirements sectorwise and geography wise
through well designed plans and involving local bodies in the
exercise
Q Capacities of teacher training institutes need to be upgraded to
ensure the availability of qualified trainers.
Government should also think of skill development using ICT tools on
the lines of NPTEL.
Q Vocational education in secondary schools:
« Vocational education from class VIII onwards. The model of
HIMACHAL PRADESH , wherein students are given Rs 1000/-
per month to get vocational education could be emulated.
« Private schools should be incentivised to establish training
facilities with lower interest rates.
O Apprenticeship programmes:
© National Apprenticeship Promotion Scheme (NAPS) -
reimbursements, through which participating companies get
refunds on stipends given by them should be streamlined.
© MSME sector should be brought into the apprenticeship
programme using the MUDRA scheme.
Q Monitoring and Evaluation on a continuous basis because skilling is
dynamic.
Oo 7]
