Online Freelancing management system

By
Muhammad Afshal Arshad

Submitted to
Kanwer Kaleem Humayun

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE INSTITUTE OF SOUTHERN

PUNJAB, MULTAN

March, 2022
 Chapter # 1
INTRODUCTION
 Introduction
Online freelancing, also known as an online freelancer worker, is someone who is self-emplo yed
and is not in a long-term contractual commitment to any one employer. The most common
freelance jobs include writing, editing, photography, web design, graphic arts or computer
programming and so on. Online Freelancing make their money selling their work to a client’s
rather than being employed by a business. Online freelancing system is successfully used in find
the job and hires the work. Online freelancing project is online software for distribute work
between user and client. Online freelancing system software is interacting between user and client.
Now days, many client require software any kind of related to software development like software
for they business management and any web sites for they business become worldwide. And in the
world of software is growing more and more day by day. Administrator side in which admin
manage the category like business, IT, writing etc. category manage the admin side and also
manage the skill like pup, asp.net java etc. this category and skill part handle the admin side. This
online freelancing project work online and multi user and work fast than current system and this
system is also user friendly system in this system all the data are stored in database. Whatever
transaction is done during the online freelancing process is in database. If anyone wonders about
the scope of online freelancing jobs, they will be amazed to know that there are actually thousands
and thousands of them available online

Existing partially efficient Freelancer Management Systems (FMSs) still add to the challenges of
freelance entrepreneurs and freelancers who are currently estimated to be 1.1 billion worldwide
(Warner, 2021). A Freelancer Management System (FMS) generally acts as a software solution by
assisting freelance entrepreneurs in streamlining their engagement with freelancers at scale at a
company or a start-up with complex operational needs. As distinguished by studies, a freelanc e
entrepreneur engages the service of freelancers to establish a business, whereas the latter vends
knowledge, skills and abilities (Kazi et al., 2014). Meanwhile, the labor market has undergone
drastic changes throughout the past decade and even more so with the advent of the global COVID-
19 pandemic, paving an uptrend in freelance work (Dunn et al., 2020). Yet, existing FMSs still
have numerous limitations. Deducing which freelancer is most suitable for a project for hiring
purposes is cumbersome for freelance entrepreneurs.
Analysts estimate that nearly 60% of contract spending goes unaccounted for in financial planning,
forecasting, and budgeting within the average company. Fortunately, freelance management systems
(FMS) like Liquid empower finance, HR, legal, and business executives with the tools and insights
needed to:

 Onboard & organize contractors into groups based on services offered, skills, location, experience
level, etc.
 Enforce compliance rules to ensure compliance with federal, state, and local regulations
  Track and report on all facets (costs, coverage, compliance) of your 1099 workforce
 Forecast your contract expenditures for accurate financial planning and budgeting
Information engineering
Engineering is the scientific discipline of acquiring and applying technical and mathematical knowledge to
design and implement machines, systems, materials and processes. There are various branches of engineer ing
such as civil, mechanical, electronics, materials, chemicals, etc. If your business needs help with engineer ing
tasks such as drafting, documentation, research work, or other, then our talented and experienced engineer ing
freelancer will give you the best service ever. Connect with talented engineering freelancers simply by posting
your engineering project today!
If you have the experience and the ability to do engineering projects, then Freelancer.com offers you a lot of
engineering projects with clients who want help with reverse engineering, electric engineering, civil
engineering, mechanical engineering, writing civil engineering articles, essays, research papers, engineer ing
project reports, and more.

How to create an ERD

ERDs are generally depicted in one or more of the following models:

 A conceptual data model, which lacks specific detail but provides an overview of the scope of the project
and how data sets relate to one another.

 A logical data model, which is more detailed than a conceptual data model, illustra ting
specific attributes and relationships among data points. While a conceptual data model does not need to
be designed before a logical data model, a physical data model is based on a logical data model.

 A physical data model, which provides the blueprint for a physical manifestation -- such as a relationa l
database -- of the logical data model. One or more physical data models can be developed based on a
logical data model.

There are five basic components of an entity relationship diagram. Similar components will be designated by
the same shape. For example, all entities types might be enclosed in a rectangle, while all attributes are
enclosed in a diamond. The components include:

1. Entities, which are objects or concepts that can have data stored about them. Entities refer to tables used
in databases.

2. Attributes, which are properties or characteristics of entities. An ERD attribute can be denoted as a primary
key, which identifies a unique attribute, or a foreign key, which can be assigned to multiple attributes.

3. The relationships between and among those entities.

4. Actions, which describe how entities share information in the database.

5. Connecting lines
Use Case diagrams

Actor
You can picture an actor as a user of the IT system, for example Mr. Steel or Mrs. Smith from check-in.
Because individual persons are irrelevant for the model, they are abstracted. So the actors are called “check -
in employee” or “passenger”:

Actors represent roles that users take on when they use the IT system, e.g., the role of a check-in employee.
One person can act in more than one role toward the IT system. It is important for the IT system in which role
a person is acting. Therefore, it is necessary to log on to many IT systems in a certain role, for instance, as a
normal user or as an administrator. In each case access to the appropriate functionalities (use cases) is granted.

Actors themselves are not part of the IT system. However, as employees they can be part of the business
system (see Figure 4.5).

Use Case
Use cases describe the interactions that take place between actors and IT systems during the execution of
business processes:

A use case represents a part of the functionality of the IT system and enables the user (modeled as an actor)
to access this functionality.

Anything that users would like to do with the IT system has to be made available as a use case (or part of a
use case). Functionalities that exist in the IT system, but that are not accessed by means of use cases,
are not available to users.

Even though the idea behind use cases is to describe interactions, flows of batch processing, which generally
do not include interactions, can also be described as use cases. The actor of such a batch use case is then the
one who initiates batch processing. For instance, generating check-in statistics would be a batch use case.
Association
An association is a connection between an actor and a use case. An association indicates that an actor can
carry out a use case. Several actors at one use case mean that each actor can carry out the use case on his or
her own and not that the actors carry out the use case together:

According to UML, association only means that an actor is involved in a use case. We use associations in a
restricted manner.

Include Relationships
An include relationship is a relationship between two use cases:

It indicates that the use case to which the arrow points is included in the use case on the other side of the
arrow. This makes it possible to reuse a use case in another use case. Figure 4.9 shows an example of this
relationship. In the flow of the use case, express check-in is a point at which the use case generating boarding
pass is included. This means that at this point the entire process generating boarding pass is carried out. Include
relationships can be viewed as a type of call to a subprogram:

Reading Use Case Diagrams

Shows a use case diagram with the actors (employee and passenger) as well as the use cases check-in and
express check-in:
Types and Components of Data Flow Diagram (DFD)
Data Flow Diagram (DFD) is a graphical representation of data flow in any system. It is capable of
illustrating incoming data flow, outgoing data flow and store data. Data flow diagram describes anything about
how data flows through the system.
Sometimes people get confused between data flow diagram and flowchart. There is a major difference between
data flow diagram and flowchart. The flowchart illustrates flow of control in program modules. Data flow
diagrams illustrate flow of data in the system at various levels. Data flow diagram does not have any control
or branch elements.

Types of DFD :
DFD is of two types:

1. Logical DFD:
Logical data flow diagram mainly focuses on the system process. It illustrates how data flows in the
system. Logical DFD is used in various organizations for the smooth running of system. Like in a
Banking software system, it is used to describe how data is moved from one entity to another.
2. Physical DFD:
Physical data flow diagram shows how the data flow is actually implemented in the system. Physical
DFD is more specific and close to implementation.
Components of Data Flow Diagram:
Following are the components of the data flow diagram that are used to represent source, destination, storage
and flow of data.
 Entities:
Entities include source and destination of the data. Entities are represented by rectangle with their
corresponding names.
 Process:
The tasks performed on the data is known as process. Process is represented by circle. Somewhere round
edge rectangles are also used to represent process.
 Data Storage:
Data storage includes the database of the system. It is represented by rectangle with both smaller sides
missing or in other words within two parallel lines.
 Data Flow:
The movement of data in the system is known as data flow. It is represented with the help of arrow. The
tail of the arrow is source and the head of the arrow is destination.
Importance of Data Flow Diagram:
Data flow diagram is a simple formalism to represent the flow of data in the system. It allows a simple set of
intuitive concepts and rules. It is an elegant technique that is useful to represent the results of structured
analysis of software problem as well as to represent the flow of documents in an organizatio n.
Comparison table

Parameters of
Fiverr Freelancer
Comparison

Free sign up for Buyer and Freelancers Buyers

Ease of use Feasible Difficult

Lets freelancers propose their intended Lets the user post the job openings and
Description
services projects

Languages
English English, Dutch, Turkish
supported by

Payments Extract 20% of share from the user Monthly plans with various ranges

Highlights the work a seller can

perform Highlights their acknowledged skills and
Browse seller’s
for the user – easy to identify the platform stats-the user needs to estimate on
profile
desired their own
seller

Pre-established
Present Absent
range of work

Imparts Single employment/job Long term options

Logged in with email, verified based on a

Log in with email, verified based on
Verification person’s personal data (mobile number,
levels
Face book account, payments method)

Used by Google, Facebook, P&G, Netflix, Microsoft, Intel, Avery Dennison, Boeing,
companies like and intuit. and PWC,

Support system Email, phone, tickets Email, Live assistance, Training, Tickets

Windows, Linux, Android, iPad,

Accessibility Windows, Android, iPad, iPhone, Mac, and
iPhone, Mac, and other web-based
devises other web-based devices.
devices.

Has Automatic resolution center with

given Conducts formal negotiations-with
Dispute resolution
ideas on how to solve the dispute on documentation of evidence with extra fees.
their own
Basic Constraints

At the start of the project in 2018, we recruited participants from local colleges in Gaibandha, and also used social
media. We received applications from 373 students (across the two waves), out of which 129 passed the minimum
computer literacy screening exam from our ICT company collaborator and were permitted to enter the programmer.
We conducted a baseline survey with those individuals. Some summary statistics are presented in Table.

The average age was 22, and 83% of participants were male. Only 5% reported themselves to be the “household head”,
and 18% were married. Individuals had an average monthly personal income of US$24 (with the median person not
earning any monthly income; this is unsurprising since 65% reported that they were students).

Project proposal (including methodology)

Existing partially efficient Freelancer Management Systems (FMSs) still add to the challenges of freelance
entrepreneurs and freelancers who are currently estimated to be 1.1 billion worldwide (Warner, 2021). A
Freelancer Management System (FMS) generally acts as a software solution by assisting freelance
entrepreneurs in streamlining their engagement with freelancers at scale at a company or a start-up with
complex operational needs. As distinguished by studies, a freelance entrepreneur engages the service of
freelancers to establish a business, whereas the latter vends knowledge, skills and abilities (Kazi et al., 2014).
Meanwhile, the labor market has undergone drastic changes throughout the past decade and even more.

Qualitative research design was adopted to inspect the workings and limitations of current FMSs, along with
solutions and amendments to be brought forth. Studies conducted to draw data about existing Freelancer
Management solutions utilized interviews of freelance entrepreneurs and freelancers, interface analysis, and
participant observation while working as freelancer. Detailed demonstrations of existing systems, which were
dispensed by freelance management solution providers such as Talons and Kilo, were analyzed. Global
workshop documents, research papers, books and articles, amongst other materials revolving around the
stakeholders, were examined

Future Work

The systematic mapping study resulted in identifying the valuable information about the research trends
in employing the freelancing team for undertaking the software development activities. The valuable
information is concluded by structuring it separately for each research question

Non-Functional Requirements:

Performance:

Performance requirements concern the speed of operation of a system. The non-functional requirements
should identify those software functions that have constraint on their performance.

Maintainability:
Maintainability requirements may cover diverse levels of documentation, such as system documentation, as
well as test documentation, e.g. which test cases and test plans will accompany the system.

Usability:

It is an easy way for a user to learn to operate. It is well-formed GUI.

Portability:

Portability specifies the ease with which the software can be installed on all necessary platforms, and the
platforms on which it is expected to run.

Reliability:

Reliability is the ability of a system to perform its required functions under specific period of time.

Current System

There a lot of freelancing Management System in the Market and different software companies and students
provide the solutions to them like… Freelancing managements System one of the most. Company which
provide the software solution the local market in Multan.

 The visitor (Unregistered User)

 Employer
 Freelancer
 Administrator (Admin)

1. The visitor will be able to just see the available projects and bids on the website.
2. The employer will have the privileges to Post jobs, Review bids, Award projects and other project-
related tasks on the website.

 Freelancers will have the rights of biding on a Project, checking bidding status; submitting the Project
files to the employer and performing other Project-related tasks.

1. The administrator will be the user having all the rights of the website. Admin will also approve the
registration requests from users.
2. There will be Sign In the interface for registered users and Sign Up interface for unregistered users to
register on the website as Employer and Freelancer.
3. User management (Approving/rejecting user registration requests)
4. User authentication (Confirmation link shall be sent on user’s email address provided while
registration)
5. Employer Dashboard (proper interfaces for managing employer-related tasks)
6. Freelancer Dashboard (proper interfaces for managing freelancer related tasks)
7. Freelancer service selling interface
8. Job/Projects Management for an employer
9. Using this interface, the employer could:
1. Post job

1. Review bids

 Award projects

1. Open Project Message Board

2. Collect project-related files
3. Provide Project related information to Freelancer

 Other Project related tasks

8. Job/Projects Management for a freelancer

9. Using this interface, a freelancer could:
1. Bid on a Project
2. Check bidding status

 Reply to a Project Message

1. Submit the Project files to the employer

2. Other Project related tasks

9. Admin Interface (An interface for the management of all admin-related tasks)
10. An interface to check to earn for a freelancer
11. An interface to check to spend for an employer
12. Project search interface for a freelancer
13. Services search interface for an employer
 Chapter #2
Overall description
Background
The systematic mapping studies are undertaken to structure the research area into categories (classifica tio n
schema), that represents the research trends/focus in the area. Such studies are conducted to get a broad
overview of the research available in the research area by undertaking the classification (identifying categories
and relationships) and counting (number of publications within classification scheme). This helps the
researchers to have a holistic view of the research efforts made by other researchers in the area and identify
the research gaps. As this study involves a broad view of the research area, the research questions are
formulated broadly (mappings are broad studies rather deeply conducted). The much focus of these studies is
to not provide empirical evidence by deeply analyzing the research studies, but rather to highlight the research
trends. Thus, the number of studies that forms the basis of systematic study are usually very large and are
synthesized by analyzing their abstracts (and conclusion if abstracts are ambiguous). The reliability of such
studies is a big issue due to bias involved. The guidelines to conduct the mapping studies are disseminated in

Authors in suggested that the mapping studies should involve the following steps:

Authors in conducted a systematic mapping study to identify the research trends in freelancer supported
software development. The research trends were reported against four parameters, which include software
development activities involving freelancers; issues and challenges focused on by researchers; type of research
conducted; temporal (time related) trends of research involving freelancers in software development. Research
studies forming the basis of the systematic mapping study involved freelancers in software development in
general, and, hence, they were not only focused on software startups, but the results were equally applicable
for the startups as well. The results indicate that research focus is on generic software development rather than
on individual life cycle activities; the number of empirical studies is limited; number of studies proposing
solutions and evaluating (using real dataset) in industrial settings are missing from the literature; collaboratio n
and coordination, developer recommendation, team formulation, and task decomposition are mostly focused
challenges and issues, which are still focused on by the researchers.

 Definition of Research Questions (Defining research scope).

 Conduct search.
 Screening of the papers.
 Keywords using abstracts.
 Data extraction and Mapping process.
Research questions are broadly formulated, and bibliographic databases are searched (conducting a search),
resulting in a large number of papers. These papers are screened according to the conditions laid down in
mapping protocol (inclusion and exclusion criteria) to filter out the non-relevant ones. The relevant ones are
subjected for further analysis to create the classification schema. The information extracted by abstracts (and
conclusion) is used to populate the classification schema. The mapping process thus consists of three stages
i.e., planning the mapping protocol, executing the protocol, and reporting the findings.
To the best of the researcher’s knowledge, the literature lacks the mapping studies that investigate the trends
in employing freelancers for the software development. The software development involves a large number
of complex activities with high uncertainties, high costs, and time delays. Freelancers could be useful to
undertake such challenging tasks, which provides companies the opportunity to take advantage of the
freelancer’s niche skills, minimization of cost and time, and increased quality. However, these benefits are
incurred only if the freelancers are carefully selected to undertake the tasks for which they have the best match
to the skills required by the task to be executed.

Scope of the project

Freelancer is a term commonly used for a person who is self-employed and is not necessarily committed as a
particular employer. Freelancers can take several projects. It becomes difficult for a freelancer to manage
every task and remember it. For this issue we came up with a solution, this freelancer management system
helps the freelancers to manage their projects, there are two modules in this system namely Admin and
Freelancer section. Admin can login and add freelancer, manage freelancers, create and assign projects to
freelancers, they can also check the progress of the allotted projects along with the report. In Freelancer
section, user can login and get new projects assigned, they can view project progress, previous completed
projects and they can also give their feedback on it. This is how the system helps to manage the tasks and to
get the task to a freelancer.
Functional Requirements

 Integration of freelancers into the company

 Preparation and signing of contracts (electronic signature)
 Storage of contracts and other documents
 Creation of talent pools
 Assignment of projects
 Monitoring the status of projects
 Invoice management
 Making payments
 Storage of tax forms
 Creation of reports about expenses for external resources etc.
Use case diagram
Complete Use case diagram
Clint Use case diagram
Freelancer Use case diagrams
Actitvy diagram
Sequence Diagrams
Login sequence

Project post sequence

Project Bididng sequence

Class diagram
Entity Relationship Diagram
 Chapter #3
System Features and Requirements
Features:
• Onboarding process
• Searchable directory with freelancer profiles
• Project posting and hiring
• Messaging and file-sharing •
Submission of project deliverable
• Ratings and reviews
• Invoice and payment
 Inconsistent and variable income.
 Difficulty in finding clients.
 Disruption of work-life balance
 Challenges of time management.

Executive Summery
 Management can build a database of approved freelancers and vendors, simplify
workflows, and track growth and spend.
 Operations can manage SOWs and projects while tracking timelines, milestones, and
deliverables.
 Accounting can get upfront, simplify payments, and send out
 CFOs and other finance executives can view expenditures and plan for freelancer / vendor
contract spending in forecasting and budgeting.
 HR can quickly create new onboarding processes and get contracts and other paperwork
quickly signed and filed.
 Legal can monitor contracts and NDAs and easily enforce company-wide templates.
 And your everyday manager who is in the trenches with freelancers can quickly get projects
started, knowing all the appropriate approvals and contracts are already in place.
Freelance management systems aren’t just for startups, small businesses, mom-and-pop shops,
or remote teams. Large, traditional enterprises are also seeing the benefits. With an FMS like
Liquid, you can get started with smarter freelance management in minutes.

This project has been able to solve the issues of existing FMSs by generating a list of 3 best-qualified
freelancers for each project, by automating invoice and payment after that the amount to be paid has been
confirmed, and by enabling freelancers to electronically sign contracts to abide by the business regulatio ns
on a single platform contrary to existing FMSs which do not provide these 3 features together on one
application.
The software of this paper has limitations that can be resolved in future works. Though users receive an
instant email when they receive a new notification or message, a mobile application to provide more
convenient push notifications for new notifications, messages or projects posted can be implemented. The
security vulnerabilities of the website can be further mitigated, for instance, by adding a combination of
signatures, heuristics and Machine Learning detection methods to multi-scan files. Video calling and
screen sharing features can also be supported. Personalized projects can additionally be recommended to
freelancers by using collaborative filtering with Machine Learning. An e-Kanban board feature can be
implemented as well for clear and quick visualization of project progress, along with an ad- hoc report to
inform project supervisors about delays in projects.
On the other hand, due to time limitations, preparing a larger dataset was beyond the scope of this paper.
The larger the dataset, the better the prediction for the most suitable freelancers for a project will be. A
dataset of more records can thus be prepared to rank freelancers’ suitability for projects more accurately.
This will depend also on the type of work you're performing and the background programs you
have and are using your CPU.

Hardwar Re quire me nt
A recent Intel or AMD laptop with 2 cores and about 4GB RAM would be enough for everything to
run smoothly. If you're performing more complex work/tasks I would suggest investigating the
optimal requirements of the programs you'll need to install on your computer.
If you're using only our desktop app and tracking time it will use less than 256MB, you can always
view the performance by opening your task manager.
I can also suggest to always check your background programs as we ll and how much are they
taking from your CPU. This way you won't have any problems.

CPU (Processor) AMD Ryzen 7 Mobile Processor with 8 cores

GPU AMD Radeon Graphics
RAM 8 GB
Storage 512 GB SSD
Screen 10 point multi- touch 13.5 inches (2256 x 1504) PixelSense Display
Weight 2 .79 (1.2 kg).
Battery Life Up to 19 hours
Others Bluetooth 5.0, Wi- Fi 6, 720p HD camera, Windows 10 Home
CONCLUSION:

Freelancing doesn’t means at all that you make money while resting instead you have
to work twice hard to build your career. You have to work more and harder to make
your clients attract towards your work. Technology has made freelancing easier but
freelancing has both pros and cons. Freelance work is not free from challenges. It’s not
a comfort zone at all but a wild area where you to move forward to establ ish yourself.

If you have got creative skills, start freelancing immediately. Many companies are
looking to outsource their work with freelancer to meet their business goals. You can
also pick and choose which parts of business you can handle and hire some one else for
the rest. The more difficult year you will face problems as a freelancer is the first year.
But do not lose hope nor step back because freelancing is a long term career choice
and it will definitely help you to make your future bright.