GRACE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION
padanthalumoodu
CHILDHOOD AND GROWING UP
By
REMIYA. I.M
Roll no :81
Dept of
Mathematics
Introduction
Adolescence is the phase of
transmission between childhood and
adulthood. It involves the physical and
psychological growth and development of a
person during the puberty period and is usually
marked by the teenage years. During this
period the changes are associated with new
risks and opportunities and are responsible for
the positive and negative influences in a
person’s behavior and mindset.
Meaning
Adolescence is derived
from the Latin word Adolescere – to grow
into maturity.
DEFINITION
Transmission between childhood
and adulthood.
“Adolescence is a period of stress
and Strain, Strom and strife.”
- Stanly Hall
“Adolescence is the span of year
during which the boys and girls moves
from childhood to adulthood
the mentally, emotionally, socially and
physically.”
- Arthur T Jersild
“The one word which best
characterizes adolescence is
‘change’.
The change is physiological,
sociological and psychological”.
- Bigge and Hunt.
Characteristics of adolescence period :
Most crucial and significant period.
Period of rapid revolutionary change.
The period of new learning .
The period of self assertion.
The period of great stress and Strom.
The period of emotional.
Physical Development :
Anatomical growth and physiological growth are the two components of
physical development.
Physical growth reaches the zenith in boys and girls.
Height and weight increases.
Reach sexual maturity – puberty.
In Girls :
Pelvic bones broadened.
Arms grow in length and finer.
sex organs acquire maturity.
Menstruation starts.
In Boys :
Develop round Shoulders.
Voice changes and becomes coarse.
Genital organs increase in size.
Emergence of secondary sex characteristics
like appearance of mustache and hair in armpits.
Nocturnal emission starts.
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT :
It includes the development of
Intellectual powers like thinking and
Reasoning, imagination, concentration,
Memory etc. due to which one’s knowledge
Expands.
“ Our mind grows as a result of innate
disposition”.
- ROSS
Cognitive development :
Intellectual growth reaches its final stage.
The level of abstract thinking increases.
Retention and recall improves.
Ability to generalise facts increases.
Depth of understanding improves.
He/she can find solutions to the problems in a
more scientific and creative fashion.
Communication skill improves.
Adolescents learn to reason and seek answer to
how and why of every thing scientifically.
Power of critical thinking and observation is much
developed.
Writers, artists, poets, inventors are all born in this
period.
Improper channelisation of imagination and
dissatisfied needs leads to day dreaming.
Hero worship is more prominent in this period.
Generally boys love adventures, wandering,
trekking etc.
Emotional development :
“ Emotional development is what he feels,
he feel it very strongly and when he reacts, he reacts
vigorously.”
- ROSS
Emotional development reaches its
maximum in adolescence.
It is the period of heightening of all
emotions like anxiety, fear, love, anger etc.
Experiences extreme emotional swings
and exhibit temper tantrums.
Adolescence is a sensitive, sentimental and restless stage.
Sensitive, inflammable and moody.
Self consciousness, self respect and personal pride is too much
increased.
Increasing interest in peer group activity, it results in a clash
with parents and teachers. This causes anxiety and tension.
Society sets a high standard of morality.
Sex is prohibited without proper sex education.
Another problem of adolescence is the choice of vocational
career.
Without guidance there is no job satisfaction. This causes
frustration and results in personal unhappiness.
Social development :
“Social development means the attaining
of maturity in social relationships”
-Sara Elizabeth Hurlock
The social development of adolescence
Is indicated by his growing interest in men and
Matters outside his family.
Social development :
Becomes a member of the peer group.
Enjoys a sense of equality as a member of the group.
They want to spend more time in the company of his friends.
Parents feel that they are losing control over their children.
They wants to be self sufficient and independent.
Wide gap between what he thinks and what his parents expect of him.
Craves for social recognition and autonomy.
Being attracted to new views.
Moral Development :
It includes the evolution of moral
sense to discriminate the right and wrong and
development of character.
In adolescence social development
and moral development are intertwined.
CONCLUSION :
During adolescence a child
matures into an adult physically. Within a matter
of four to five years, the average child grows
nearly a foot taller, assuming adult size, shape
and reproductive status. An enormous changes
take place during such a compressed period .
Breakthroughs in science and technology have
sparked an explosion of new knowledge about
the developmental changes that occur during
adolescences.
References :
Nagarajan, K.(2017),Childhood and growing up. Chennai :Sri
Ram publishers.
http://www.nchi.nlm.nih.gov
http://en.m.wikipedia.org
