Compare The Effects Of Led Lights And Sunlight To The Plants

Kisha Mae U. Mondoy. December 16, 2021

Ruzzel Anne T. Alianza. Grade 10 – Galileo
Mrs. Mariam Milagros B. Gomez
RATIONALE
The overall growth was determined that the LED experimental plants had a higher increased
growth rate compared to the fluorescent plant group. of creating food and energy. greatest light
source for outdoor plants. However, substitute lighting can support the growth of plants indoors.
The ability to steer plant growth with LEDs means that there is less need for plant hormones to
do that work.
In addition to reducing the need for hormones, some studies have shown that LEDs can reduce or
eliminate the need for pesticides as well, further benefiting workers who no longer have to be
exposed to these toxic substances. And, as mentioned above, the reduction of heat aimed at
plants means less evaporation and a need for less fertilizer, so exposure to yet another chemical
stew is reduced. Reducing the use of plant hormones, pesticides and fertilizer in confined spaces
like greenhouses and indoor growing operations, means a healthier indoor environment for the
people who work there. Controlled growing environments already mean less water waste, less
chemical runoff and a more efficient use of space. Add LEDs into this mix and indoor growing
becomes that much more environmentally friendly. As stated, reduced heat produced by LEDs
leads to the use of significantly less water — increasingly important in times of record drought
— and using light to steer plant growth instead of plant hormones leads to less reliance on
chemicals. Include another factor — the savings discussed above that aren’t just monetary. The
efficiency of LED systems makes for a much reduced carbon footprint as well.
Growers like Sustainable Local Foods that operate indoor urban farms can also add icing to the
carbon-cutting cake by limiting transport distances from vine (or stalk) to table. This experiment
makes it evident that plants grown under LED lights experience far greater growth than plants
grown under fluorescent lights. A number of environmental factors could explain the differences
between the two groups. During germination, the plants were treated under the same conditions,
yet the LED group grew twice as much as the fluorescent group within this first week. This
initial variation among the two groups could have affected the entire cycle of growth that
followed. Also, the LED plants were isolated in a lighting box setup. The temperature produced
by the LED light within that box was unknown. Therefore, there is no data analyzing the effects
that may arise due to differences in heat output among LED and fluorescent light bulbs. Data
analysis concludes that LED lights produce the necessary wavelengths of light needed in plant
growth.
The plants grown under LED lights produced growth that exceeded that of the plants grown
under fluorescent lights. This concludes that LED lights can be used as an effective substitute for
florescent light bulbs when growing plants indoors. Because LEDs use less energy, they are
more resourceful and environmentally friendly. Ecologically, they provide a better replacement
for the fluorescent bulb as well. The visible spectrum of light contains many different colors.
These colors are visible in a rainbow. Plants use different types and colors of light in different
ways. Plants use blue light to help grow their leaves. When it is combined with blue light, red
light helps a plant flower.
The lights that we consider to be warm household lights have a lot of red light. Green light is not
particularly helpful to plants. It is reflected off the plant’s green surfaces. Sunlight or full
spectrum light gives the full menu of light to a plant. An artificial full spectrum light bulb gives
plants all of the light that they would have outdoors, so they can use it like they would use the
sunlight. Sometimes a bulb can be better than sunlight, since much of the sunlight a plant gets
inside the house is indirect light that is not very intense. Plants grow toward the light, because
this is their source of food. In nature, light generally shines downward.
A seed begins growing in the soil, and it grows up toward the sun. The competition for this light
is fierce. When a plant gets larger, it receives more light and may shade other plants below. Why
do plants grow toward the light? In part, this is due to gravity. Gravity gives plants a sense of
“down” and “up,” and it means that plant roots grow down and plant shoots grow up even in the
dark. However, plants also need light, so they will grow in the direction of the light. If the light is
to the side, this means that the plant first grows up, then grows over. It needs to grow so that its
leaves are angled to the light, and this is harder to do than if the plant were growing up, when its
leaves would naturally point upwards towards the sky.
LED lighting can be tuned to increase lighting wavelengths that plants need for optimum
chlorophyll production. ... LED lighting for plant growth can be tuned to generate the most
desirable form of chlorophyll that a plant needs at each stage of its growth cycle. Indoor
cultivation that utilizes LED lighting is superior to crop production that relies on older artificial
lighting sources, and in some ways it may produce more bountiful harvests than outdoor
cultivation that is subject to inconsistent amounts of sunshine and variations in weather patterns.
LED lighting for plant growth gives an operator unprecedented control over all aspects of the
plant’s environment. The use of light-emitting diode (LED) technology for plant cultivation
under controlled environmental conditions can result in significant reductions in energy
consumption. However, there is still a lack of detailed information on the lighting conditions
required for optimal growth of different plant species and the effects of light intensity and
spectral composition on plant metabolism and nutritional quality.
In the present study, wheat plants were grown under six regimens designed to compare the
effects of LED and conventional fluorescent lights on growth and development, leaf
photosynthesis, thiol and amino acid metabolism as well as grain yield and flour quality of
wheat. Benefits of LED light sources over fluorescent lighting were manifested in both yield and
quality of wheat. Elevated light intensities made possible with LEDs increased photosynthetic
activity, the number of tillers, biomass and yield. At lower light intensities, blue, green and far-
red light operated antagonistically during the stem elongation period. High photosynthetic
activity was achieved when at least 50% of red light was applied during cultivation. A high
proportion of blue light prolonged the juvenile phase, while the shortest flowering time was
achieved when the blue to red ratio was around one. Blue and far-red light affected the
glutathione- and proline-dependent redox environment in leaves. LEDs, especially in Blue, Pink
and Red Low Light (RedLL) regimens improved flour quality by modifying starch and protein
content, dough strength and extensibility as demonstrated by the ratios of high to low molecular
weight glutenins, ratios of glutenins to gliadins and gluten spread values. These results clearly
show that LEDs are efficient for experimental wheat cultivation, and make it possible to
optimize the growth conditions and to manipulate metabolism, yield and quality through
modification of light quality and quantity. LEDs emit white and colored light. To make white
light (used for general lighting), multiple colors are mixed together. The mixture can include a
combination of blue (B), green (G), red (R).
HYPOTHESIS
If the plants can survive even if only LED lights are used, then it well no longer be difficult for
the planters to grow plants in rainy areas or in areas where a sufficient sunlight is unavailable.
OBJECTIVES
 To find out the good and bad effects of an LED lights to the plants.
 To know if the plants grow faster with LED lights or with sunlight.
 How can LED lights provide the nutrients that the plants needed to grow.
METHODOLOGY
This research tries to answer three research questions: ( insert question ) By growing plants that
is needed in our everyday life such as ( insert plants ), All of which allow us to have foods or
clean air. This research hopes to find results that will lead to an understanding of the effects or
the differences between LED lights and Sunlight to the plants.
RISK ASSESSMENT
 The effect of light on plant growth
Although there is a natural growth cycle for every plant, the vegetative and flowering stages of
growth are directly influenced by light. Artificial lights allow for year – round growth and quick
production, but the intensity and nutrients that natural sunlight offers can never truly be
duplicated. Without light, vegetable gardens would not produces and flowers would not bloom.
Light gives food and energy to plants through photosynthesis and makes everything flourish. It is
an essential part of all life on earth.
 Types
Natural daylight from the blue part of the spectrum is optimum for the initial stage of plant
growth. Artificial light will work almost as well – fluorescent, incandescent, LED or high.
Intensity discharge lamps ( like metal halide or high pressure sodium ). High intensity discharge
lamps offer the best indoor lighting option, allowing for a controlled environment with faster
production and quick growth from seed.
 LED lights for plant growth
 Light emitting diode ( LED ) lights are often used to encourage plant growth. Plants utilize
different wavelengths of light to promote vegetative growth and flowering. LED lights are very
efficient and capable of producing the type of light needed by plants.
 LED
Manufacturers of LEDs offer different colors of light. Consumers can purchase LEDs that emit
the type of red light and the type of blue that plants utilize for flowering.
 Facts
Not only are LEDs great for encouraging plant growth, they are very energy. Efficient.
EarthEasy.com claims that LEDs are a type of “energy - efficient lighting”. Unlike most types of
light bulbs, LEDs require very little power to produce light.
DATA ANALYSIS
Four plants were used as four replicates in each light treatment. Individual plants were taken as
independent replicates. The measurements were done on two timescale: before and after
exposure to HL. To make the environmental conditions of the two timescale similar,
environmental condition inside the chambers and between the chambers were kept as similar as
possible before and after exposure to HL. To do this the same temperature, RH and light
intensity and duration were maintained during these two timescale in a climate – controlled
room. Sampling was done on the same plants before and after exposure to HL. The data were
subjected to two-way analysis of variance ( ANOVA ) and the tukey test was used as a post-test.
P50.05 was considered not significant. Graphpad Prism 7.01 for windows ( Graphpad software,
inc., San Diego, CA ) was used for the statical analysis.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
 https://www.hunker.com/12000223/sunlight-vs-artificial-light-in-plant-growth
 https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Comparison-of-plant-growth-using-sunlight-and-
LED-lights-Plant-height-a-Leaf-area-b_fig1_320437088
 https://gpnmag.com/article/led-lighting-and-its-effect-plants-growers-and-world/
 http://abacus.bates.edu/acad/depts/biobook/FP-LEDlt.pdf
 https://www.greenhousetoday.com/do-plants-grow-better-in-sunlight-or-artificial-light/
 https://plantophiles.com/plant-care/can-plants-grow-with-led-light/
 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468014121000881
 https://earthsky.org/human-world/artificial-light-plant-growth/
 https://www.seminglighting.com/mobile.php/News/What's-The-Difference-Between-
Sunlight-And-LED-Grow-Light-17.html
 http://abacus.bates.edu/acad/depts/biobook/FP-LEDlt.pdf
 https://anestwithayard.com/use-regular-led-lights-for-grow-lights/
 https://extension.umn.edu/planting-and-growing-guides/lighting-indoor-plants
 https://www.topcropmanager.com/back-to-basics-20879/
 https://homeguides.sfgate.com/difference-between-natural-artificial-light-85488.html
 RELATED LITERATURE

An 1-5 is about led lights

An 6-10 kanan sunlight

1. As many growers have found out over the course of human history, even the sun needs
some help from time to time. It’s estimated that between 30 to 50 percent of solar
radiation is blocked by greenhouse structures and glazing before it gets to plants. In areas
with long dark winters and short growing seasons, this is an even bigger challenge and
necessitates the use of supplemental lighting for optimal crop production. Forward-
thinking growers are learning everyday that the best lighting sources for indoor
operations � primary or supplemental � are LEDs.

2. Horticultural LED systems and the spectral science they have made possible have
already revealed some amazing effects, including: using light alone to create bigger
yields per plant; producing more marketable crops overall; and changing the wavelength
of light to change the flavor of foods. For these reasons and others, including the ones
detailed below, LEDs are on their way to replacing legacy lighting systems in many new
and newly renovated growing operations.

3. Not only do LEDs save on growers’ electric bills, they reduce other costs as well.
Without the harsh radiant heat blasting plants from above, growers can use less water
because there’s less evaporation. Finally, if keeping a grow space cool is a challenge, as it
is in many parts of the United States, LEDs represent a significant energy and money
savings because they reduce the need for air conditioning

4. Energy costs are the third biggest expense for the vast majority of growers, with
lighting costs representing a significant portion of that � both supplemental lighting in
the case of greenhouses and sole-source lights for indoor operations. LEDs are 66 percent
more efficient than legacy HPS (high pressure sodium) lights when measured lamp to
lamp. If you include the granular control offered by LEDs that’s not available with HPS
lights, the energy efficiency is even higher.

5. LEDs lead to more marketable plants than legacy lighting systems using much less
energy and the same space as before.

6. The sun is a renewable energy source that plays a pivotal role in our everyday life,
from warming the earth to the water cycle, it is an essential part of our daily existence.
Did you know that the sun also plays a critical role in the growth of plants? Without the
sun, plants wouldn’t get the necessary food needed to grow, reproduce, and survive.
7. Plants need three basic things to live: sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. Through a
process called photosynthesis, the plants use the energy from the sun to convert carbon
dioxide, soil nutrients, and water into food

8. Plants are called autotrophs; meaning that they create their own food source. To make
food, plants need carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight; this process is called
photosynthesis.

9. Germination occurred in all three growing environments. The process started when the
seeds were provided with soil and constant water supply. The water started metabolic
(growth) activities within the seeds that produced enough energy for plant growth. When
the shoots emerged, photosynthesis began. (It is interesting to think that germination can
occur in almost complete darkness.)

10. If a plant gets limited sunlight, the photosynthesis process slows down and the plant
begins to grow upward and stretch their stems to reach for the sunlight (this process is
called etiolation). It is easy to see this process in both the plants that received partial and
limited/no sun.

11. Data analysis concludes that LED lights produce the necessary wavelengths of light
needed in plant growth. The plants grown under LED lights produced growth that
exceeded that of the plants grown under fluorescent lights.

12. Plants in the shade are shorter than plants in the sun. If the amount of sunlight is
increased, then plant growth will increase. ... The hypothesis that plant growth increases
as the amount of sunlight increases was supported by the data.

13. LED lighting can be tuned to increase lighting wavelengths that plants need for
optimum chlorophyll production. ... LED lighting for plant growth can be tuned to
generate the most desirable form of chlorophyll that a plant needs at each stage of its
growth cycle.

14. Different monochromatic light quality inhibited plants growth by reducing the
activity of photosynthetic apparatus in plants. R and B light were more effective to drive
photosynthesis and promote the plant growth, while Y and G light showed an suppression
effect on plants growth.

15. Without getting too deep into the science, sun-light is a key energy source for all
plants. Through a process called photosynthesis, plants absorb energy from the sun,
which fuels the processes necessary for survival.
16. Grow lights have a shorter lifespan than regular LEDs. The intensity of grow lights
makes them more likely to burn out at a faster rate than regular light bulbs. ... That way,
you will be able to create the right environment that promotes growth by choosing the
right lights that help your plants flourish.

17. Sunlight has a very important job in photosynthesis. ... The energy captured by
chlorophyll can be used in photosynthesis to make sugar. When a plant gets limited
sunlight, photosynthesis slows down. This also means that the plant might not be getting
enough sugar—its energy source.

18. Researchers can successfully grow plants using only artificial light in growth
chambers. But sunlight is best for most plants. It's generally more intense than artificial
light, and it's pretty equally distributed among the different wavelengths that earthly
plants have evolved to like best.

19. LED lights have a lot in common with sunlight. LEDs can mimic the hue and
intensity of natural sunlight and help to maintain the human body's natural circadian
rhythm. This is because LED components allow for finer adjustments of color, brightness
and intensity.

20. Sunlight is best for plant growth, since led lights cannot replicate the specific colors
of light (wavelengths) that are optimal for plants. However, led lights can work well to
supplement sunlight, especially during rainy days or where sufficient sunlight is
unavailable.

21. Sunlight is a part of the process of photosynthesis, which is essentially how plants get
the nutrients they need in order to grow. Sunlight benefits plants significantly because it
has all the energy plants need to create food for themselves. And, sunlight also provides
light across the full light spectrum.

22. The main benefit of led light is that it works all year long!
Your led lighting won’t change as the seasons change—it’ll always be there for your
plants and help them grow. Using artificial lighting also means that you have more
options for where to put your plants.