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Mitosis

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two daughter cells identical to the original parent cell. It occurs in four main stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. During prophase the chromosomes condense and become visible. In metaphase the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. Anaphase separates the chromatids so that each daughter cell receives one chromatid from each chromosome pair. Finally in telophase two identical daughter nuclei form and cytokinesis completes the division of the cytoplasm.

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321 views2 pages

Mitosis

Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two daughter cells identical to the original parent cell. It occurs in four main stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase. During prophase the chromosomes condense and become visible. In metaphase the chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. Anaphase separates the chromatids so that each daughter cell receives one chromatid from each chromosome pair. Finally in telophase two identical daughter nuclei form and cytokinesis completes the division of the cytoplasm.

Uploaded by

Daniel Dowding
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mitosis

When a cell is not dividing, it is impossible to see the


detailed structure of the nucleus. The chromosomes
are present as very long strands of DNA
(deoxyribonucleic Acid). Just before the cell divides,
these long strands get shorter and fatter: they form
chromosomes. Each chromosome consists of a pair of
identical chromatids.

A gene is a heredity unit consisting of a sequence of


DNA that occupies a specific location on a chromosome
and determines a particular characteristic in an organism.

Mitosis helps in growth and repair.

During mitosis, the following stages occur:

There are FOUR stages: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT)

Prophase-‘pro’ means before


 The chromosomes becomes visible

Metaphase- remember ‘M’ for middle


 The nuclear membrane disappears
 The chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell (the equator)

Anaphase- remember ‘A’ for Away


 The chromatids of each chromosome separate and move to the opposite ends
of the cell.

Telophase- remember the end


 The chromatids becomes the new chromosomes of the daughter cell
 A nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes
 The cytoplasm of the cell divides and a new cell wall forms between the two
daughter cells (these are new cells resulting from mitosis). The new cells
formed are duplicates.

Cytokinesis- this is when the cytoplasm finally splits


Questions:

From your own understanding, briefly explain mitosis

Why are the daughter cells identical to the parent


cell?

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