Interactions 1 Reading

Saturday, 24 November 2018

Chapter 3

Chapter 3
Living to Eat, or Eating to Live
?
you will discuss and read about choices .
what makes up a nutritious diet ? Is it OK
to eat junk food ? you will read about
individual and cultural reasons for food
choices around the world. You will also
learn about changes in the global diet. In
the first reading . you will learn some
different of the world diet and how why
people choose to eat what they do. In part
2 . you will read some interesting facts
about food. And diets around the world.

Part 1 / Reading Skills and

Strategies.
Global Diet Choices.
Predicting / Think about these questions and write
down short answers if you don’t know the answer ,
make predictions. Then discuss them in small groups.
You can look for the answer when you read 'Global Diet
Choices'
1 . what are some meanings the
Diet means 'an eatingword diet?
plan with only certain kinds or
amounts of food .
2 . are fast-food places
international ?what types of foods
Americanare common fast foods?
fast food are burgers, hot dog,
sandwiches, and fried chicken.
some common international fast
foods might be German sausage
and sausage and scbnitzel Italian
pizza and pasta , Mexican tacos
and burritos , Middle Eastern
sbish kebab and falafel, Japanese
susbi and tempura, and chines
egg rolls and noodles.

3 . how do most people make decisions

Individual choicesabout food and diet ?
are often based on former habits, cost
and convenience, beliefs about health and
nutrition, and ideas about physical beauty.
4 . what are some examples of diets
based on location, history, tradition, or
religion ? the typical Mexican diet is a
combination of foods form per-Columbian,
Spanish, and French culture.
5 . how are diet choices becoming more
like the globe? It should more and more
include basic necessary food element

Focus
Recognizing Reading Structure:
Main-Idea Questions for Paragraph
Topics A well-structured paragraph
has a clear topic. The material in
each paragraph answers a different
main-idea question about that topic.
Recognizing Reading Structure
Read each question below. Which
paragraph in the reading "Global
Diet Choices answers each main-
idea question? Write the paragraph
letter, A, B, C, D, or E
1.( B ) How are diet choices becoming
more alike around the world?
2.( C ) How do most individuals make
decisions about food and diet?
3. ( D ) What are some diets based on
location, history, tradition, or religion?
4. ( E ) In what ways are fast-food
places international?
5. ( A ) What are some definitions of
the word diet?

FOCUS
Recognizing one- or Two-Sentence
Statements of the Main Idea You can
usually find the answer to a main-idea
question in the first one or two
sentences of the reading. Those
sentences tell the point, or message, of
the paragraph.
Recognizing One- or Two-Sentence
Statements of the Main Idea Read the
main-idea statements below about each
of the paragraphs in the reading "Global
Diet Choices. "Write T(true) or F(false) on
each line. Then change the false
sentences to true sentences to express
the main idea. Next, use
1 . ( F ) The word diet has two
basic definitions "usual food
choices" and "an eating plan."
(Paragraph A)
2 . ( F ) Fast food has very
little variety around the world. It is
always burgers, hot dogs, and
fried chicken. But the atmosphere
of fast-food chains varies a lot in
different countries. (Paragraph B)
3 . ( T ) Individual choices
about food and eating are more
often based on history, tradition,
and culture than on habits,
convenience, cost, and beliefs
about health and beauty.
(Paragraph C)
4 . ( T ) The typical Mexican
and Japanese diets are based on
religious law. Some religious
people choose foods according to
their country's history and location.
(Paragraph D)

5 . ( F ) Not many meals

around the world include the basic
necessary food elements. Almost all
families grow their own food, so the
global diet is becoming less and
less varied. (Paragraph E)

Recognizing Supporting Details

As you learned in Chapters 1 and
2. each paragraph of a reading
includes not only a main idea but
also details about it. These details
support the point of the paragraph
with specific facts, examples, or
reasons. Like a well-written main-
idea statement, supporting details
can answer a main-idea question.
Read the five main-idea
questions below from Activity
Which three details answer
question? Circle those
unrelated sentence.
1. What are some definitions of
the word diet?
*a. It means "ideas or information
to think about.
b. It's a person's or a group's
usual food choices or habits.
c. A diet can be an eating plan
with only certain kinds or amounts
of food.
d. It can be a way to lose weight.
2.In what ways are fast-food
places now international?
a. You can find some of the same
fast-food chains in different parts
of the world.
b. Quick and convenient items
from America, Germany, Italy,
Mexico, the Middle East, Japan,
China, and other cultures are
available.
* c. Formal restaurant meals can
be expensive or cheap, natural or
prepared, non-fat or non-salt, low-
carb and high-fat, and so on.
d. Fast-food chains often have a
similar look and atmosphere in
every country
3.How do most individuals
make decisions about food and
diet?
a. Some adults still choose food
from their childhoods because that
food seems comfortable and
familiar.
b. People with busy lives may
choose fast convenience foods,
and people with health problems
may choose "natural" foods or
special diets.
c. Age and ideas about physical
beauty can influence diet
decisions.
*d. A well-rounded figure is
healthier than a slim body image,
so Americans prohibit popular diet
plans

4. What are some diets based on

location, history, tradition, or
religion? a. The typical Mexican
diet contains a combination of
foods from its pre-Columbian,
Spanish, and French history and
traditions.
*b. Some people don't eat sugar
because they are diabetic.
c. Because of the location of the
country, fish and other seafood
plays a major role in the Japanese
diet- along with soy products,
fermented vegetables, and rice.
d. Muslims follow the laws of
"halal," and devout Christians may
make diet decisions for religious
reasons.
5. How are diet choices becoming
more similar around the world?
a. Typical meals in many cultures
are healthy because they contain
the necessary food elements-
protein, carbohydrates, fats,
vitamins, and minerals
b. Fast-food restaurants are more
common.
c. Most people can buy basic,
natural, fresh, prepared, canned,
frozen, or packaged foods from
local markets and restaurants.

*d. Health disorders like heart

disease, strokes, and cancer are
no longer related to food and
eating.

Discussing the Reading In small groups,

talk about your answers to the following
questions.
What your opinions of fast food and of
fast-food restaurants? Give reasons for
your answers. I do not like eating fast
food because is harmful and full of fat
2. What are your eating habits like? When
and where do you eat? What kinds of food
do you usually buy from machines, food
stands, snack bars, restaurants , stores,
and markets? How do you prepare your
food? I prefer to eat healthy food cooked
at home.
3. What are some reasons for your
individual diet choices? Are they based on
habit, your culture, religion, convenience,
beliefs about health and nutrition, ideas
about body image, health problems, age,
popular diet plans, or something else?
The reasons for my individual choice of
food depend on my beliefs about health,
nutrition and religion, I do not care about
habits
4. In general, do you think eating customs
and habits in various places of the world
are becoming more similar or more varied
Is the global diet changing? In good ways
or bad? Give reasons for your opinions. I
think the diet has become similar in the
world and change in good ways has
become more healthy and there is
awareness among people

Part2: Reading Skills and Strategies

focus
Matching Paragraph Titles with Topics
Often, the title of reading material tells its
topic. But a title should look or sound
interesting, and it should be short. For these
reasons, readers might not know the meaning
.eof a title---at first.
Matching Paragraph Titles with Topics on the
left are four examples of interesting titles on
the subject of food and eating. On the right are
less interesting but clearer
phrases about the topic. Match the titles to the.
topics with lines, as in the example
Titles Topics

1- Food for a- The Effects of

Thought. D Amounts of
Dietary Fat in
Different
Cultures.
2- The Fat of b- Cooking and
the Land. A Eating Insect
Foods for Good
Nutrition.
3- Food Fights. c- Opposite or
C Contrasting
Opinions on the
Best Eating
Habits.
d- Brain Foods
4- Getting the B and Other
Bugs Out. Nutrients for the
Mind and
Memory.

strategy
More About Summarizing
In previous chapters, you learned some ways
to summarize information. Here are some
other ways to summarize a paragraph:

First, say or write the title of the reading

material. Then ask a question about the main
idea that is answered in the paragraph you are
summarizing.
Begin your summary with a one-sentence
general answer to your main-idea question.
Which information and ideas (facts, examples,
and reasons) from the reading support your
first statement? Add those in a clear order
Here is a possible summary
Here is a possible summary of the first
paragraph of the selection
'facts about food

What do food specialists around the world

believe about nutrition? They may agree on
the basics, but they can have very different
opinions about the best kinds and amounts of
foods for human health. For example, some
people say to eat mostly carbohydrates; others
believe in high-protein eating plans; still others
think fiber is the most important
element

Discussing the Reading

Work in groups of four. Each person the

instruction and asks the questions in one of
these items. That takes notes on person t the
other three people's answers. Later, he or she
summarizes the discussion about that item for
the class. Everyone can ask more questions
and make comments

1. Tell your ideas about good food and

nutrition. Is there "perfect" diet for health and
Actually I long life? Why do you think this way?
think. A perfect diet should include all the
items but in the right amounts. And it’s
different from person to another
depending on their health condition.

2. Give examples of your experiences with

food. In your opinion, do certain foods
increase or decrease brainpower (memory and
thinking ability)? If so, which ones? How do
you feel when you eat them?

bananas. I think they increased the

brainpower.

3. In big cities and industrialized areas of the

world, people don't choose insect dishes. What do
you think about unusual foods of this kink. Why do
you feel that way? i’m not the kind of people who
tries new kind of foods because I think inserts or
gross.

talking It Over Read the statements below about

food. Then write one of your own. From your
knowledge and experience, which of these
statements are true facts? Which are unproven
opinions? Write F for fact or O for opinion on each
line. Then explain your reasons to the group.
1.F fresh, uncooked natural foods are always
best for the health. Cooking takes away
vitamins and other nutrients

2.F Hot, spicy foods damage the stomach.

Chili peppers or similar ingredients don't
belong in family dishes, even if they are part
of the culture.
3.O Nuts are bad for people because they
contain fat. Avocados are unhealthy for the
same reason.

4.F Many kinds of foods are related. For

instance, prunes are dried plums, and raisins
are dried grapes. Tofu looks like cheese, but it
really comes from soybeans.
5.O More coffee comes from Brazil than from
any other place, and most of
6.F For various reasons (color, taste, safety,
etc.), companies add natural substances
from seaweed, insects, trees, flowers, and so
on to packaged foods.
7.O With added vitamins, minerals, and
nutrients, snack foods like candy, cookies,
chips, and soft drinks can and will become the
"health foods".
8.F Even a simple, basic food like rice has
many varieties --- such as white, brown,
black, basmati, long-grain, short-grain, and so
on. There are various ways to cook and
include rice in menus and meals.

9.O The best diets are based on religious law.

10.F For good health and long life, there are a

number of "perfect" foods. Some examples are
vegetables like broccoli and cabbage, citrus fruits
and red grapes, onions, garlic, and soybeans.

Part3: Vocabulary and Language-Learning

Skills

Strategy
Getting Meaning from Context: Italics and
Punctuation Clues
As you have learned in other chapters, often
the context of reading material contains clues
to the meanings of vocabulary items.

_ New or unusual words or phrases may be in

italics. Italics are a special kind of slanted type,
Like this.

_ Short definitions, similar words, explanations

of the items, or examples of their meaning
might come between certain kinds of
punctuation marks, like quotation marks (" ") or
parentheses (). They can also appear after a
comma (,) or a dash (---).

Getting Meaning from Context: Italics and

Punctuation Clues
In the reading selection "Global Diet Choices"
on pages 44-45, some vocabulary items are
italicized and some have short explanations of
their meaning between or after punctuation
marks. For each of these definitions or group
of examples below, find the words or phrases
in the reading. Write the word or phrase on the
line. (The letters in parentheses are the letters
of the paragraph.)

a person's or group's usual food

-choices or habits: (A) diet
an eating plan with only certain
kinds or amounts of food: (A)
- diet
-Prepared items from
inexpensive restaurants, snack
bars, or food stands: (B) Fast
food
Another word for worldwide: (B)
- universal
Types of Mexican fast food: (B)
- tacos and burritos
a blood-sugar disorder: (C)
- diabetes
-an eating system high in
protein but low in refined
carbohydrates: (C) low-garb-
diet
corn, beans, rice, breads: (D)
- complex carbohydrates
miso, tofu, and bean paste: (D)
- soy products

- milk products: (D) dairy

Strategy
Recognizing Vocabulary
Categories
Most language learners want to
learn a lot of vocabulary as
quickly as possible. How can
they do this?

One way is to learn several

words with the same or similar
meaning at the same time. For
example, another word for
worldwide is universal.

Another way is to learn words in

categories. A category is a class
or group of items in a system of
classification. For instance, the
items meat, dairy products,
vegetables, and fruit are "kinds
of food." Protein, carbohydrates,
fast, vitamins, and minerals
belong to the category "nutrients
in food."

Focusing on High-Frequency Words

Read the paragraph below and fill in each blank
with a word from the box. When you finish, check
your answers on page 45.

Breakfast dishes grains probably customs fats

minerals worse Discussion frozen preferences

The Global Diet

Universally, more and more

meals include basic necessary
food elements protein,
carbohydrates, and fast Almost
everywhere, some kind of meat,
fish, dairy product, or another
food with protein is part of a
, lunch, orBreakfastgood
,grainsdinner. There are also
breads, vegetables, fruit, and
contain dishesthe like. Many
the necessary vitamins and
A few families grow minerals
their own food, but most people
buy food from eating places and
markets in their communities.
Food may be fresh, prepared,
, or packaged.frozencanned,
"Fast food" is very popular, and
maybe it is becoming healthier.
In some ways, diet choices are
becoming more and more
similar around the world. Even
so, the variety of food choices is
going probablylarge now and is
to increase. Are cooking
, eating habits, and foodcustoms
all over the world preferences
becoming more or less healthy?
forAre they better or worse
human beings? These
questions are interesting topics
of research and discussion.

Practicing with Categories

Match the vocabulary items on the left with their
category on the right. They check your answers
with a partner and add one or more example to
each vocabulary item on the left.

Vocabulary Items Categories

summer, d 1- a- continents
fall(autumn),
winter, spring

2- g breakfast, b- countries
lunch, dinner,
supper,
snacks

3- h broccoli, c-subjects of college

corn, cabbage,
beans,
potatoes, onions,
green peppers

4- c business, d-seasons of the year

engineering,
technology,
computer science

5- b Canada, e- weather conditions

Brazil, Great
Britain, Germany,
Russia, Korea