Chapter 5-7

Kroenke, David, Management Information Systems ,2 Ed.

nd
,
McGraw-Hill, 1992

Delivered by : Djati Adi Wicaksono

 PERSONAL MIS – APPLICATIONS & GOALS

1. Personal MIS for Communications

• Word Processing

• Desktop Publishing

• Graphics and Presentation Application

2. Personal MIS for Analysis

• Spreadsheet Applications

• External Data Sources

• Statistical and Operations Research Applications

3. Personal MIS for Tracking and Monitoring

• Personal Database Applications

• The Choice between Spreadsheet and Database Applications

• Project Management Applications

• Integrated Applications

4. Value-Added by Personal MIS

• Facilitating Personal Processes

• Enhancing Personal Products

• Increasing Quality
Word Processing

Documents are entered via a computer workstation, stored and

subsequently printed.

•Mail Merge Facilities

•Automated Document Production

•Advanced Word Processing Applications

Desktop Publishing

Computer-based application that can be used to integrate text with

graphics to produce professional-quality page layouts, pamphlets,

and even books

Graphics and Presentation Applications

 TYPE OF APPLICATION POSSIBLE USE BY TRADE SHOW
MANAGER

Word Processing Memos, Letters of transmittal, progress reports

Mail Merge Letters to the COMDEX show staff

Automated Document Individualized demo instruction letters to staff

DTP Show newsletter, information pamphlets

Graphics and Presentation Presentations to management and staff

At a practical level, the most commonly used analytical applications are

spreadsheet

Spreadsheet Applications

•Advanced Spreadsheet Applications

•Spreadsheet Graphics

External data Sources

Statistical and Operations Research Applications

•Statistical Applications

•Operations Research
 Personal Database Applications

• Components of A Database Application

-Database – interrelated tables of data

-Data-entry Forms – used to add, change and delete data

-Reports – formatted presentation of data

-Query Language – general purpose data-access language

-Menus – lists of actions to control activity

-Application Programs – written to support unique requirements

• Personal DBMS

• The Choice Between Spreadsheets and Database Application

-The functions and interconnections of spreadsheets and tables are different

-There is difference in the way that spreadsheet and DBMS products handle

data
 Project Management Applications

•Used to keep track of the tasks and resources within a project

•Used to create Gantt Charts, Critical Path Graphs and other types

of project management displays

INTEGRATED APPLICATIONS

•Static Integration

•Dynamic Integration
 Facilitating Personal Processes

Value Category Value Added

Operations Taking action to accomplish one’s job

Management Acquiring and effectively utilizing the assets needed to

accomplish one’s job

Strategic Planning Setting and adjusting goals and objectives for one’s job

Enhancing Personal Products

Product Characteristics Enhancing the characteristics of one’s products

Product Delivery Increasing the speed or ease with which one delivers

one’s products

Increasing Personal Quality

Process Quality Improving the efficiency and effectiveness of one’s

activities

Product Quality Improving one’s products’ characteristics, such as

appearance or accuracy
 PERSONAL MIS – COMPONENTS

1. Hardware

• Personal Computes, Workstations, Characteristics of

Microcomputers, Specifications, I/O Hardware, Storage

2. Programs

• Systems Programs

• Horizontal Market Application Programs

• Vertical Market Application Programs

• Custom-developed Programs

3. Data

• File Processing data

• Database Data

4. People

• Clientele

• Users

• Operations Personnel

• Systems Development Personnel

5. Procedures

• Procedures for normal operations

• Procedures for failure recovery

HARDWARE

Personal Computers – IBM-PC, Macintosh, Laptop, Palmtop

Workstation – high performance microcomputer systems (engineering

workstations)

Characteristics of microcomputers – microprocessor, RAM, ROM, data bus etc.

I/O Hardware – keyboards, mouse, digitizer,computer displays, printers,

Storage Hardware – Magnetic Disk, Optical Disk

PROGRAMS

System Programs – Windows, Unix, Linux, GUI environments

Horizontal Market Application Programs – programs that cut horizontally across

industry types. Can be used in many different industries in many different ways.

Vertical Market Application Programs – sold to a particular type of business or for

particular type of business function. For example, a program that specializes in

marketing analysis for publicly owned hospitals. The features & characteristics of

such programs depend on the industry and function they serve.

Custom-developed Programs – macros, Personal Application Languages, Database

Application Programs
DATA

File Processing Data – File Names and Extensions, File Directories

Database Data – Importance of database design

Database Files

PEOPLE

Clientele – the ultimate beneficiaries of the system

Users – they employ the system in the course of their officially designated work

Operations Personnel – to run the computer hardware, start and stop programs,

and manage removable data storage. They also perform certain types of routine

equipment maintenance

Systems Development Personnel – they build the information systems (system

analysts and programmers)

PROCEDURES

Procedures for Normal Operations

Procedures for Failure Recovery

 PERSONAL MIS – DEVELOPMENT

1. Systems Development Process

• Styles of Systems Development

2. The Development With Prototyping

• Defining the problem

• Classifying the solution

• Creating the system platform

• Designing the application with Prototypes

• Implementing the systems

3. The Development of DTP Applications

• The challenge of DTP

• Hardware platform description

• DTP concepts

4. The Development of Spreadsheet Applications

• Purposes of spreadsheets

• Spreadsheet criteria

• Spreadsheet system platform

• Spreadsheet organization

• Spreadsheet testing
SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT
PROCESS
 THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONAL MIS WITH

PROTOTYPING

1. Define Problem

• Define Problem Statement

• Assess Feasibility

• Create a Project Plan

2. Classify Solution

• Determine Type

• Determine Size

• Determine Constraints

• Determine Future Use

3. Create Systems Platform

• Write Programs Specify Hardware

• Specify Data Describe Procedures

• Identify People

4. Design Application

• Develop Initial Design Evaluate Design

• Redesign

5. Implement System

• Produce Results Document Systems

THE DEVELOPMENT OF DTP
APPLICATIONS

• The challenge of DTP

Documents/publications that can benefit

from DTP : memos, bulletins, reports,

proposals, handbooks, pamphlets,

newsletters, manuals, magazines

• Hardware platform description

GUI interface, laser printer, color printer

• DTP concepts

Typefaces, spacing, kerning, art/graphics,

page layouts, templates

THE DEVELOPMENT OF
SPREADSHEET
APPLICATIONS

• Purposes of Spreadsheet

- Record Keeping

- What-if analysis

- Sensitivity analysis

- Goal seeking

- Spreadsheet Criteria

- Accuracy, Ease of Use, Ease of Changing, Standardization

and Consistency

• Spreadsheet System Platform

• Spreadsheet Organization : block design

• Spreadsheet Testing

- Examine output

- Verify Input

- Check for reasonableness

- Stresstest the spreadsheet

- Involve others