Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century – Grade 12

Alternative Delivery Mode

Module 3: Labor and Migration
First Edition, 2019

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Development Team of the Module:

Authors: Jorey Lagno- Ludeña

Editor: Arrianne Christelle J. Apostol
Illustrator: Vianna Dominique B. Gaston

Management Team:

Chairperson: Dr. Arturo B. Bayocot, CESO III

Regional Director
Co-Chairpersons: Dr. Victor G. De Gracia Jr., CESO V
Asst. Regional Director
Mala Epra B. Magnaong
CES, CLMD
Members: Dr. Bienvenido U. Tagolimot, Jr.
Regional ADM Coordinator
Ray Butch M. Mahinay
EPS-Designate- AP

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12
 Trends, Networks, and
Critical Thinking in the
21st Century

QUARTER 1 - MODULE 3
LABOR AND MIGRATION

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and reviewed by

educators from public and private schools, colleges, and/or universities. We

encourage teachers and other education stakeholders to email their feedback,

comments, and recommendationaction@deped.gov.ph. s to the Department of

Education at

We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education • Republic of the Philippines

iii
Table of Contents

Cover Page i
Copyright Page ii Module Title iii
Writers’ Profile iv
Table of Contents v
What I Need to Know vii
What Should I Expect vii
What I know viii

CONTENTS
Lesson 1: Examples of Various Activities In One’s Daily Life That Show The
Concrete Effects Of Globalization
What I can do 5
What is it 7

Lesson 2: The Comprehensive Effects of Globalization

What I can do 8
What is it 9

Lesson 3: The Interconnectedness of Peoples and Nations

What I can do 10
What can I do more 11
What is it 11

Lesson 4: The Benefits of Collaboration and Cooperation

What I Know 12
What is it 13
What I can do more 13

Lesson 5: The Different Contributions of the Parts to a Whole

What I can do 14
What I can do more 15
What is it 15

Lesson 6: The Important Role of The Creative Imagination in Putting Together

The Various Parts of A Whole
What I know 16
What can I do more 17

Lesson 7: The Origins of The Different Components of a Gadget, Business

Enterprise, Industrial/Technological/Agricultural Product, etc.
What is it 19
What I can do 20 What
can I do more 21

Lesson 8: Write a Reflection Essay on the Insights Generated from the Map
What I can do 22
What is it 24 Assessment 25 References 28

Midterm Exam 31

vi
 MODULE 3

LABOR AND MIGRATION

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

What is labor? Can you relate to globalization? Globalization or globalisation

is the process of interaction and integration among individuals, companies, and
governments worldwide. It is primarily an associated process of interaction and
integration that is associated with social and cultural aspects.
How labor and migration has been institutionalized to reply to the utilization
crisis within the country? These queries will be answered as you embark the journey
to the activities designed to assist you to understand the content of this subject.

What this module all about?

This module can show you the concrete effects of globalization, coupled with
the interconnections of peoples and nations. It will additionally demonstrate the
advantages of collaboration and cooperation so as to equip the learners with the
knowledge and skills required which can be used to help them face the challenges of
the fast changing society nowadays.

What I Need to Know

After finding out this module, you will be ready to:

1. Provide examples of various activities in one's daily life that show the concrete
effects of globalization.
2. List down the comprehensive effects of globalization.
3. Determine the interconnectedness of peoples and nations.
4. Cite examples of collaboration and cooperation.
5. Determine the various contributions of the parts to a whole.

1
 What I Know

This activity will enable you to assess your prior knowledge about the topic to be
discussed in this module;

Multiple Choices: Encircle the letter of the correct answer on the following questions
below.

1. Which of the following reasons of migration from one country to another is

considered the most important in today’s world? a. Better living conditions
b. Higher wages
c. To escape persecution
d. For a better climate

2. What is the natural rate of unemployment in the Philippines? a.

Zero
b. Below 50 percent of the population
c. Above 50 percent of the population
d. About 80 percent of the recent population

3. Which of the following will not contribute to hourly wages being lowered in
Philippines than in the United States?
a. Philippines lack much of the infrastructure of the U.S.
b. Philippines has less capital per worker than the U.S. does.
c. Philippines labor force is less educated than the U.S. labor force.
d. Philippines technology lags behind that of the U.S.

4. What are the effects of the labor migration in the country?

a. Skilled workers will be insufficient.
b. Decrease in the remittances
c. Increase in the remittances
d. Both a and c

5. How does immigration now into the United States as a fraction of the Philippine
population is compared to the beginning of the 20th century? a. Much greater (more
than ten times as large)

2
b. Somewhat greater (between twice as large and ten times as large)
c. About the same
d. Somewhat smaller (between one tenth as large and half as large)

6. How many percent do overseas Filipino workers constitute to the total Filipino
population?
a. 10 percent
b. 20 percent
c. 30 percent
d. 40 percent

7. Which country from the option below has the biggest proportion of migrants is
deployed within Asia? a. Middle East
b. East Asia
c. Europe
d. South East Asia

8. Which country has the biggest proportion of migrants deployed?

a. Asia and United States
b. China and India
c. Australia and New Zealand
d. Saudi Arabia and Dubai

9. Mass migration takes place in the Philippines primarily because of what reason?
a. The government is lazy to help the poor
b. The government is rich enough to employ the jobless
c. Failure of government to provide decent jobs and decent wages to its people.
d. Failure of the government to equally distribute its wealth.

10. How common is it for people to migrate from one developing country to another?
a. More common than migration from developing countries to developed countries.
b. Less common than migration from developing countries to developed countries,
but more common than migration between developed countries.
c. Less common than migration between developed countries, but more common
than migration from developed countries to developing countries.
d. Less common than migration from developed countries to developing countries,
but more than migration from developing countries to developed countries.
11. What is the main the reason why migrant Filipinos called new economic heroes?
a. It is because they contribute a lot in the economy.
b. It is because they are exploited and abused.
c. It is because they are the product of extreme poverty in the country
d. It is because they died in other country.
12. What do you call a person who searches for a job sequentially?
a. Searches while employed
3
 b. Accepts the first job offers
c. Accepts the best job offer after applying for a pre-specified number of jobs
d. Accepts or rejects job offer as they arrive

13. What is the natural rate of unemployment in the Philippines? a. Zero

b. Below 50 percent of the population
c. Above 50 percent of the population
d. About 80 percent of the recent population

14. How many countries and destinations do these overseas Filipino workers found? a.
100 countries
b. 200 countries
c. 300 countries
d. 400 countries

15. How can a compensation systems influence?

a. By motivating the workers
b. By the quality of workers who work at the firm
c. By the workers who quit and who stay on the job
d. All of the above

4
 Lesson EXAMPLES OF VARIOUS ACTIVITIES IN ONE’S DAILY

1 LIFE THAT SHOW THE CONCRETE EFFECTS OF

GLOBALIZATION

In the preceding lessons, you have learned about trends and fads. This time, you
will start an observation and analysis about the society to be able to share
insights that are based on your real –life observation and experiences. This is
where you can use your critical thinking based from your understanding on the
topic. This lesson will help you analyze how people interact with each other.

At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. Give examples of various activities in one’s daily life that show the concrete
effects of globalization. HUMSS_MCT12-If-g-1

What I can do

Directions: Use the picture below to

describe the concrete effects of
globalization.
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Source: https://cc.search.creativecommons.org/photos
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Source: https://cc.search.creativecommons.org/photos
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Source: https://cc.search.creativecommons.org/photos
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 ____________________________________
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Source: https://cc.search.creativecommons.org/photos

7
 What is it

Notes to remember:

❖ Labor is the work done by a group of workers or by a particular worker.

❖ Labor relation refers to the relationship between employers and
employees in industry along with the political decisions and laws that
affect it.
❖ Migration improves the quality of people’s. It helps improve the aspect
of the social life of every individual as they embark new customs,
culture, and languages that improve brotherhood among people.
❖ Labor migration means migration for the purpose of seeking
employment.
❖ The main reason of migration is uneven development along with factors
like poverty, landholding system, and fragmentations of land, lack of
employment opportunities, large family-size and natural calamities.
❖ Globalization refers to the connection of various parts of the world
which results in expansion of multicultural, political, and economic
activities.
❖ Globalization is defined as the integration of goods and people among
various countries as they move from one country to another.
❖ The positive effects of globalization include a number of factors namely
education, trade, technology, competition, investments and capital
flows, employment, culture and organization structure.
❖ The negative effects of globalization include influence in multinational
corporations which focus on promoting a consumer culture, exploitation
of workers and markets and influencing societal values.
❖ Collaboration refers to the process of working together to create
something new in support of a shared vision.
❖ Cooperation is important in networks where individuals can exchange
relevant information and resources in support of each other’s goals
rather than focus on share goal.

Lesson
THE COMPREHENSIVE EFFECTS OF
2 GLOBALIZATION 7

At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. Explain the comprehensive effects of globalization HUMSS_MCT12-If-g-2

8
 What I can do

Directions: Use the alternating flow chart to show positive and negative effects of
globalization.

cite sources to
support claims of
your ideas
• Use facts to • Show the positive
support ideas and negative
• Cite for related effects of
information to globalization
support claim
opinion based on present ideas clearly to
facts convinced the audience

What is it

Notes to remember:

❖ Globalization means connection of different parts of the world which

results in the expansion of international cultural, economic, and political
9
 activities.
❖ Thus, globalization is the movement and integration of goods and
people in various countries.
❖ Globalization has positive effects which include a number of factors
namely education, trade, technology, competition, investments and
capital flows, employment, culture and organization structure.
❖ Globalization enhances goodwill and goodwill in various countries.
❖ Globalization concept can lead to the loss of cultural identity.
❖ The negative effects of globalization include influence in multinational
corporations which focus on promoting a consumer culture, exploitation
of workers and markets and influencing societal values.
❖ Globalization can cause the spread of communicable diseases and
cause social degeneration.
❖ Globalization has improved the standard of living through improved
education due to the global expansion of corporations.
❖ Thus, globalization makes an individual more competent and globally
competitive.

Lesson THE INTERCONNECTEDNESS OF

PEOPLES AND NATIONS

3 9

At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. Show the interconnectedness of peoples and nations. (HUMSS_MCT12-If-
g-3)

What I can do

10
Directions: Use the space below to make a collage / drawing to show the
interconnectedness of peoples and nations.

What I can do more

Directions: Use the equation below to show the sequential steps to depict a
result on the relationship between peoples and nations.

present
your ideas
peoples nations
or opinion
clearly

11
 What is it

Notes to remember:

❖ Interconnectedness of peoples and nations produce a transcontinental

collaboration in the society.
❖ Interconnectedness tells about interactions between domestic and global
affairs.
❖ Interconnectedness of peoples and nations speed up the process of
communications, information and merging ideas.
❖ It also increases the scope of trade, business and finance in the country.

Lesson THE BENEFITS OF COLLABORATION AND

4 COOPERATION

At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. Explain and demonstrate the benefits of collaboration and cooperation.

HUMSS_MCT12-If-g-4

What I know

Instructions: Write T if the statement is true and F if it is false. Write your answer
on your notebook.
1. Collaboration and cooperation in globalization creates an exchange of ideas and
information between countries and its people.
2. Collaboration and cooperation in globalization are traditional and obsolete.
3. It adapts understanding of new cultures, beliefs and values.
4. It allows to loss personal touch and replaced personal conversation with digital
12
 communications.
5. It increases the opportunity of employment.
6. It protects a country from social degradation and scientific improvement.
7. Collaboration and cooperation in globalization may not be working in family and
people.
8. Collaboration and cooperation in globalization will build a gap of social classes
in the society.
9. It speaks of modernity and optimistic approach in the modern society.
10. It promotes exploitation and abuses particularly in the vulnerable sectors.

What is it

Notes to remember:

❖ Collaboration and cooperation in globalization speaks of modernity and

optimistic approach in the modern society.
❖ Collaboration and cooperation in globalization protects a country from
social degradation and scientific improvement.
❖ It adapts understanding of new cultures, beliefs and values, increases
the opportunity of employment.
❖ Collaboration and cooperation in globalization creates an exchange of
ideas and information between countries and its people.

What I can do more

Directions: Use the space below to explain the benefits of collaboration and
cooperation.

13
 Lesson
THE DIFFERENT CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE
PARTS TO A WHOLE

5
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. Identify and discuss the different contributions of the parts to a whole.

HUMSS_MCT12-If-g-5

What I can do

Directions: Use the given picture to conceptualize the importance of various

parts to make it a whole.

14
 What I can do more

Directions: Use your creative thinking to identify and discuss the different
contributions of the parts to a whole.

__________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

___________________________________________________________________

What

What is it

Notes to remember:

❖ Politics, economy, migration, and environment constitute the components

of a whole.
❖ This component creates a domino effect if one part plays least.
❖ The combination of all parts into creative whole will result to innovations.
❖ These components will become the key to survival if it acts creatively and
sustainability.
❖ It is important to maintain balance to all these parts to avoid
disintegration.

15
 Lesso THE IMPORTANT ROLE OF THE CREATIVE
IMAGINATION IN PUTTING TOGETHER THE

n VARIOUS PARTS OF A WHOLE

In the previous lesson you learned about the effects of globalization and
15 the interconnectedness of people and nations. You can now demonstrate the
benefits of collaboration and cooperation in the process of globalization. In this
lesson, you will discover the important role of the creative imagination by putting
together the various parts of a whole. With creative imagination you can create

At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. Stress the important role of the creative imagination in putting together the
various parts of a whole. HUMSS_MCT12-If-g-6

What I know

Directions: Use the Hexagon cluster to conceptualize the importance of

various parts to make it a whole. Use your creative thinking to say something about
the picture by writing a short essay in the space provided.

If this two
How does it parts are
function? missing, can
you make a
whole
cellullar
Identify this phone to
part of the function/
cell phone
 16

What I can do more

Directions: Use the Ishikawa Fish Bone Diagram to stress cause and effect
of the important role of the creative imagination in putting together the various parts
of a whole.

Questions:

1. Based from the activities presented can you explain the important role of the
creative imagination in putting together the various parts of a whole?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. In the above activity, discuss the different causes and effects that make a part
into a whole.

17
 ______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

3. Write a paragraph out of the fish diagram above to show your understanding on
the topic.

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

Lesson
ORIGINS OF THE DIFFERENT
7 COMPONENTS OF A GADGET, BUSINESS
ENTERPRISE,INDUSTRIAL/
TECHNOLOGICAL/AGRICULTURAL

At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. Create a map to show the origins of the different product, components

of a gadget, business enterprise. Industrial/ technological/ agricultural
product, etc. HUMSS_MCT12-If-g-7

18
 What What is it

Directions: Read the text entitled, THE PHILIPPINES: A Global Model on Labor
Migration

The Philippines has been publicized as a global model for labor export. In
some international gatherings, Philippine officials have been lauded for their ways of
handling of the country’s labor-export program. Officials of labor-exporting countries
have even asked the Philippine government officials to give them pointers in
managing and developing their labor-export programs.
With some 8.7 million migrants, overseas Filipino workers (OFWs), and
undocumented worker overseas who remit more than 12 billion dollars each year, the
Philippines has a number of laws in place and agencies mandated to the serve the
needs of its overseas workers and their families. Several international instruments to
promote migrants’ rights have also been put in effect the past decade.
In many cases, however, Filipino migrants still find themselves in vulnerable
situations and unable to realize their rights guaranteed by national and international
instruments.
Do the Philippines live up to its image as a model for overseas labor export?
Do its laws and agencies really serve the needs of Filipino overseas workers and
their families? Has the country been able to draw on international instruments in
promoting the rights of Filipinos abroad?
This document seeks to lay bare the concept of a “global model” by
presenting current Philippine and global realities. It deals on how these affect and
influence labor outmigration in the country. It will further examine the Philippine labor
migration policies, not merely in theory but also in terms of realities on the ground.
Based on the facts, readers can either remains convinced that the Philippines
really is a “model” that should be emulated, or they can turn into critics of the current
labor export program.

What I can do

Direction: Answer the following questions below:

1. What are your personal opinions on the title of the text above?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
19
_______________________________________________________

2. Do you agree that the Philippines is a global model of labor migration?

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

3. How do Filipino migrant workers contribute to the economy?

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

What I can do more

Directions: Draw a map to show the origins of the different product, components of
a gadget, business enterprise. Industrial / technological / agricultural product, etc. on your
notebook.

20
 Lesson
WRITE A REFLECTION ESSAY ON THE

8 INSIGHTS GENERATED FROM THE MAP

At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:

1. Write a reflection essay on the insights generated from the map.

HUMSS_MCT12-If-g-8

21
 What I can do

Directions: Write a reflection essay on activities that you think will help improve
our country’s labor system which is generated from the map of the previous lesson.

Essay Rubric

Features 4 Expert 3 Accomplished 2 Capable 1 Beginner

22
Quality of • Piece was • Piece was • Piece had • Piece had no
Writing written in an written in an little style or style or voice
extraordinary interesting voice Gives no new
style and voice •
style and Gives some information
Very voice new • and very
informative and Somewhat information poorly
wellorganized • but poorly organized
• informative
and organized organized

Grammar, • Virtually no • Few • A number • So many

Usage & spelling, spelling and of spelling, spelling,
Mechanics punctuation or punctuation punctuation or punctuation
grammatical errors, minor grammatical and
errors grammatical errors grammatical
errors errors that it
interferes with
the meaning

What is it

Notes to remember:

❖ Labor and migration problems and issues increase in the twenty first century.
23
 ❖ The Philippines is that the world's third biggest supply of migrant workers in the
world, next to China and India.
❖ For the last 5 years, preparation figures have inflated by an annual average of
three .6%.
❖ In January 2009, despite the global crisis in economy, the full range of deployed
migrants was 25% more than the previous year's.
❖ The migration of Filipinos abroad maybe a product of a deepening crisis in
economy in the country.
❖ Overseas Filipinos represent 10% of the entire Filipino population.
❖ Their range by the last of December 2007 was placed at 8.7 million.
❖ They are found in more than 193 countries and destinations .
❖ The largest proportion of migrants is deployed within Asia and in the United
States.
❖ Migrant Filipinos heaps within the economy through their remittances.
❖ They shall be entitled to security of tenure, humane conditions of work and a
socially acceptable living allowance.
❖ Filipino migrants realize themselves in situations where they are vulnerable to
abuses.
❖ The State has the duty and obligation to safeguard the migrant workers as
mandated within the Constitution.

What I know

Multiple Choices: Encircle the letter of the correct answer on the following
questions below.

1. Which country from the option below has the biggest proportion of migrants is deployed within
Asia?

a. Middle East
b. East Asia
c. Europe
d. South East Asia

24
2. Which of the following reasons of migration from one country to another is
considered the most important in today’s world?

a. Better living conditions

b. Higher wages
c. To escape persecution
d. For a better climate

3. How many percent do overseas Filipino workers constitute to the total Filipino population?

a. 10 percent
b. 20 percent
c. 30 percent
d. 40 percent

4. Which of the following will not contribute to hourly wages being lowered in
Philippines than in the United States?

a. Philippines lacks much of the infrastructure of the U.S.

b. Philippines has less capital per worker than the U.S. does.
c. Philippines labor force is less educated than the U.S. labor force.
d. Philippines technology lags behind that of the U.S.

5. How does immigration now into the United States as a fraction of the Philippine
population is compared to the beginning of the 20th century?

a. Much greater (more than ten times as large)

b. Somewhat greater (between twice as large and ten times as large)
c. About the same
d. Somewhat smaller (between one tenth as large and half as large)

6. How can a compensation systems influence?

a. by motivating the workers

b. by the quality of workers who work at the firm
c. by the workers who quit and who stay on the job
d. all of the above

7. What do you call a person who searches for a job sequentially?

a. searches while employed

b. accepts the first job offers
c. accepts the best job offer after applying for a pre-specified number of jobs
d. accepts or rejects job offer as they arrive

25
8. Mass migration takes place in the Philippines primarily because of what reason?

a. the government is lazy to help the poor

b. the government is rich enough to employ the jobless
c. failure of government to provide decent jobs and decent wages to its people.
d. failure of the government to equally distribute its wealth.

9. How common is it for people to migrate from one developing country to another ?

a. More common than migration from developing countries to developed countries.

b. Less common than migration from developing countries to developed countries, but
more common than migration between developed countries.
c. Less common than migration between developed countries, but more common
than migration from developed countries to developing countries.
d. Less common than migration from developed countries to developing countries, but
more than migration from developing countries to developed countries.

10. What is the world's third biggest source of migrant workers in the world?

a. China
b. India
c. Philippines
d. Indonesia

11. What is the natural rate of unemployment in the Philippines?

a. zero
b. below 50 percent of the population
c. above 50 percent of the population
d. about 80 percent of the recent population

12. Which country has the biggest proportion of migrants deployed?

a. Asia and United States
b.China and India
c.Australia and New Zealand
d.Saudi Arabia and Dubai

13. How many countries and destinations do this overseas Filipino workers found?
a.100 countries
b.200 countries
c.300 countries
d.400 countries

14. What are the effects of the labor migration in the country?
a. skilled workers will be insufficient.
b. decrease in the remittances
c. increase in the remittances
d. both a and c

15. Why are migrant Filipinos called new economic heroes?

a. because they contribute a lot in the economy.
26
 b. because they are exploited and abused.
c. because they are the product of extreme poverty in the country
d. because they died in other country.

References:

A.BOOKS
Azucena, Cesario A. (2013). Labor Standards and Welfare (Volume1) Labor Code of
the Philippines with Comments and Cases.
Mangiduyos, Gladys P. (2017) Trends , Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21 st
Century

National Labor Relations Commission. What is the Constitutional Provision on the

protection to Labor? “ Retrieved from: http://nlrc.dole.gov.ph/?q=node/76.Date
accessed: December 2018.

Stiftung, Friedrich Ebert (2009) THE PHILIPPINES: A GLOBAL MODEL ON LABOR

MIGRATION? Published by: Center for Migrant Advocacy (CMA) .

SyGaco, Sonia B. (2017). Through The Looking Glass : Trends , Networks, and Critical
Thinking in the 21st Century

B.ENCYCLOPEDIA

Encyclopedia Britannica.2016. http://www.britanicca.com/place/Philippines

C.INTERNET SOURCES

How to create Fish Bone Analysis Diagram.. https://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=U5hQcN49LjM.Date accessed: November 10,2018

Informal Essay Rubric. Retrieved from: https://www.thoughtco.com/essay-

rubric2081367. Date accessed: January 2020.
27
Technology by Sephko is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 Retrieved from
https://ccsearch.creativecommons.org/photos/28e2a836-2c9c-4698-
95b6db8405c63ef2 Date accessed: November 2018.

TED TALK. www.mutualresponsibility.org/culture/global-interconnection-betweenpeople-

and-nations/a-fact-of-life-ted-talk. Date accessed: November 10,2018

KEY TO CORRECTIONS
PRE- ASSESSMENT
1. A 2.
C
3. B
4. D 5. A 6. A 7. A 8. A 9. C
10. D 11.
A 12. A
13. C 14.
B
15. D

POST- ASSESSMENT
1. A 2.
A 3. A
4. B 5.
A 6. D
7. A 8.
C 9. D
10. C 11.
C 12. A
13. B 14.
D
15. A

28
29