Kurdistan Region Government
Ministry of Higher Education and
Scientific Research
Polytechnic University of Sulaimani
Technical College Engineering
Department
Second Stage
Radar Communication
Prepared by:
Zanyar Awez
Supervised By
Aven Rawf
2021-2022
CONTENT
Introduction
History
Principle
Working
Target Info
Application
Merits & Demerits
INTRODUCTION
RADAR-Radio Detection And
Ranging
Electromagnetic Waves
Microwave frequency band
Before world war-II
HISTORY
In -188, Hertz
1886 8 demo
In early -to assist in ship
1920’s collision
In 1925, the first pulse echo from
short
Ionosphere the
was observed (G.Breit &Tuve)
In 1934,the first photo -of a pulse echo
short
PRINCIPLE
RADAR works on the principle “RADIO ECHOES”
DETECTION
Target Detection Result
No No
correct
Yes Yes Correct
Yes No Error
No Yes Error( False
Alarm )
TARGET POSITIONING LOCATING
Spherical
coordinates
Ran
ge
Azimuth
angle
Elevation
angle
RANGING
R=c*Tp/2 (meters)
Where,
R = range to target(meters)
Tp = round-trip propagation
time(seconds) c = the
propagation velocity(m/s)
Military
In air defense it performs the functions of
surveillance & weapon control
Weapon control radar
High resolution imaging radars, such as
synthetic aperture
radar used for detecting fixed & moving
targets on the battle field
SHIP SAFETY CONTROL (ATC)
AIR TRAFFIC
LAW ENFORCEMENT & HIGHWAY SAFETY
REMOTE SENSING
1.Air traffic in the
airport
Collision avoidance
➢Enforcing speed limits
2.En route
Sensing thefrom one air port to
Environment
another
➢Collisions
Weather
To observereporting
navigation buoys, especially
when the visibility
Planetary is poor
observation
Shore based Radars are used for
surveillance
of harbors and river traffic
Speed Measurement
Summary
➢Radar System
➢History
➢Target information
➢How it works
➢Application
Reference:
www.google.com
www.wikipedia.com
www.SeminarsTopics.com
www.cisco.com
www.TechTarget.com
www.wlanprofessionals.com