Designation: D3350 – 10

Standard Specification for

Polyethylene Plastics Pipe and Fittings Materials1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3350; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

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1. Scope* and Elastomers by Impact
1.1 This specification covers the identification of polyeth- D790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforced
ylene plastic pipe and fittings materials in accordance with a and Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materials
cell classification system. It is not the function of this specifi- D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-
cation to provide specific engineering data for design purposes, tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
to specify manufacturing tolerances, or to determine suitability D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
for use for a specific application. D1238 Test Method for Melt Flow Rates of Thermoplastics
1.2 Polyethylene plastic materials, being thermoplastic, are by Extrusion Plastometer
reprocessable and recyclable (Note 2). This specification al- D1248 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Extrusion
lows for the use of those polyethylene materials, provided that Materials for Wire and Cable
all specific requirements of this specification are met. D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-
Gradient Technique
NOTE 1—The notes in this specification are for information only and D1603 Test Method for Carbon Black Content in Olefin
shall not be considered part of this specification.
Plastics
NOTE 2—See Guide D5033 for information and definitions related to
recycled plastics. D1693 Test Method for Environmental Stress-Cracking of
Ethylene Plastics
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as D1898 Practice for Sampling of Plastics3
standard. D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the for Thermoplastic Pipe Products
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- D2839 Practice for Use of a Melt Index Strand for Deter-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- mining Density of Polyethylene
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. D3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of Plastics
NOTE 3—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard. D4218 Test Method for Determination of Carbon Black
1.5 For information regarding molding and extrusion mate- Content in Polyethylene Compounds By the Muffle-
rials see Specification D4976. For information regarding wire Furnace Technique
and cable materials see Specification D1248. D4703 Practice for Compression Molding Thermoplastic
Materials into Test Specimens, Plaques, or Sheets
2. Referenced Documents D4883 Test Method for Density of Polyethylene by the
2.1 ASTM Standards:2 Ultrasound Technique
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing D4976 Specification for Polyethylene Plastics Molding and
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics Extrusion Materials
D746 Test Method for Brittleness Temperature of Plastics D5033 Guide for Development of ASTM Standards Relat-
ing to Recycling and Use of Recycled Plastics3
F1473 Test Method for Notch Tensile Test to Measure the
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Resistance to Slow Crack Growth of Polyethylene Pipes
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on Thermoplastic and Resins
Materials. 2.2 ISO Standard:
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2010. Published February 2010. Originally
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3350 - 08. DOI: ISO 12162 Thermoplastic Materials for Pipes and Fittings
10.1520/D3350-10. for Pressure Applications—Classification and
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
3
the ASTM website. Withdrawn.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

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 D3350 – 10
Designation—Overall Service (Design) Coefficient 3.3.2 Specification D3350:
3.3.2.1 Type (I, II, III) = density ranges (same as Types I, II,
3. Terminology and III in Specification D1248 and Classes 1, 2, and 3 in
3.1 Definitions—Terms as described in Terminology D883 Specification D4976).
shall apply in this specification. 3.3.2.2 Class = a line callout system consisting of “PE”
3.1.1 polyethylene plastics—as defined by this specification, followed by six cell numbers from Table 1 plus a letter (A, B,
plastics or resins prepared by the polymerization of no less than C, D, E) denoting color and UV stabilizer.
85 % ethylene and no less than 95 % of total olefins with 3.3.2.3 Grade = simplified line callout system using “PE”
additional compounding ingredients. followed by density and slow crack growth cell numbers from
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: Table 1.
3.2.1 materials—polyethylene (PE) resins with the added 3.3.3 Specification D4976:
compounding ingredients. 3.3.3.1 Group (1, 2) = branched or linear polyethylene.
3.2.2 PE compounds—has the same meaning as PE plastics 3.3.3.2 Class (0, 1, 2, 3, 4) = density ranges (same,
materials, compounds, and plastics. respectively, as Type in Specification D1248).
3.3 Historical usage and user group conventions have re- 3.3.3.3 Grade (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) = melt index ranges (same as
sulted in inconsistent terminology used to categorize and Category in Specification D1248).
describe polyethylene resins and compounds. The following
terminology is in use in ASTM specifications pertaining to 4. Classification
polyethylene:
3.3.1 Specification D1248: 4.1 Polyethylene plastic pipe and fittings compounds are
3.3.1.1 Type (0, I, II, III, IV) = density ranges (same, classified in accordance with density, melt index, flexural
respectively, as Class in Specification D4976). modulus, tensile strength at yield, slow crack growth resis-
3.3.1.2 Class (A, B, C, D) = composition and use. tance, and hydrostatic strength classification in Table 1.
3.3.1.3 Category (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) = melt index ranges (same as NOTE 4—It has been a long-standing practice to use the following terms
Grade in Specification D4976). in describing polyethylene plastics:
3.3.1.4 Grade (E, J, D, or W followed by one or two digits) Type I (0.910 to 0.925) = Low Density
= specific requirements from tables. Type II (0.926 to 0.940) = Medium Density

TABLE 1 Primary PropertiesA—Cell Classification Limits

Property Test Method 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
1. Density, g/cm3 D1505 Unspecified 0.925 or >0.925- >0.940- >0.947- >0.955 ... Specify
lower 0.940 0.947 0.955 Value

B
2. Melt index D1238 Unspecified >1.0 1.0 to <0.4 to <0.15 Specify
0.4 0.15 Value

3. Flexural D790 Unspecified <138 138- 276- 552- 758- >1103 Specify
modulus, MPa (psi) (<20 000) <276 <552 <758 <1103 (>160 000) Value
(20 000 to (40 000 to (80 000 to (110 000 to
<40 000) 80 000) 110 000) <160 000)

4. Tensile strength D638 Unspecified <15 15-<18 18-<21 21-<24 24-<28 >28 Specify
at yield, MPa (psi) (<2200) (2200- (2600- (3000- (3500- (>4000) Value
<2600) <3000) <3500) <4000)

5. Slow Crack
Growth Resistance
I. ESCR D1693 Unspecified
a. Test condition A B C C ... ... ... Specify
(100% Igepal.) Value
b. Test duration, h 48 24 192 600
c. Failure, max, % Unspecified 50 50 20 20
II. PENT (hours) F1473
Molded plaque, Unspecified ... ... ... 10 30 100 500 Specify
80°C, 2.4 MPa Value
Notch depth, Unspecified
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F1473, Table 1

6. Hydrostatic Strength
Classification
I. Hydrostatic design D2837 NPRC 5.52 6.89 8.62 11.03 ... ...
basis, MPa (psi), (23°C) (800) (1000) (1250) (1600)
II. Minimum required ISO 12162 ... ... ... ... ... 8 10
strength, MPa (psi), (20°C) (1160) (1450)
A
Compliance with physical properties in accordance with Section 8 is required including requirements for cell classification, color, and ultraviolet (UV) stabilizer, thermal
stability, brittleness temperature, density, tensile strength at yield, and elongation at break.
B
Refer to 10.1.4.1.
C
NPR = Not Pressure Rated.

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 D3350 – 10
Type III (0.941 to 0.965) = High Density 6. Physical Properties
NOTE 5—The manner in which materials are identified in the cell 6.1 Cell Classification—Test values for specimens of the PE
classification is illustrated for Class PE233424B as follows (refer also to material prepared as specified in Section 9 and tested in
Table 1 and 6.2): accordance with Section 10 shall conform to the requirements
Class given in Table 1. A typical property value for a PE material is
2 3 3 4 2 4 B
Density (0.926–0.940 g/cm ) 3 to be the average value from testing numerous lots or batches
Melt Index (<0.4–0.15)
and determines the cell number. When, due to manufacturing
tolerances and testing bias, individual lot or batch values fall
Flexural Modulus (276–<552 MPa)
into the adjoining cell, the individual value shall not be
Tensile Strength at yield
(21–<24 MPa (3000–<3500 psi))
considered acceptable unless the user, or both the user and the
producer, determine that the individual lot or batch is suitable
Slow Crack Growth Resistance
I. ESCR D1693 for its intended purpose.
Condition B, 24 h, 50% max failure 6.2 Color and Ultraviolet (UV) Stabilizer—The color and
II. PENT F1473
Average 1 h failure
UV stabilization shall be indicated at the end of the cell
classification by means of a letter designation in accordance
Hydrostatic design basis at 23°C
(11.03 MPa (1600 psi)) with the following code:
Code Letter Color and UV Stabilizer
Color and UV stabilizer (colored)
A Natural
B Colored
C Black with 2 % minimum carbon black
4.2 Materials used in polyethylene plastic pipe and fittings D Natural with UV stabilizer
shall use a cell-type format for the identification, close char- E Colored with UV stabilizer
acterization, and specification of material properties. The
information from the format is to be used alone or in 6.3 Thermal Stability—The PE material shall contain suffi-
combination. cient antioxidant so that the minimum induction temperature
shall be 220°C when tested in accordance with 10.1.9.
NOTE 6—This type format, however, is subject to possible misapplica- 6.4 Brittleness Temperature—The brittleness temperature
tion since unobtainable property combinations can be selected if the user
shall not be warmer than −60°C when tested in accordance
is not familiar with commercially available materials. The manufacturer
should be consulted. Additionally, the appropriate ASTM standard speci- with Test Method D746.
fication should be reviewed to assure materials utilized will meet all the 6.5 Density—The density used to classify the material shall
material and piping requirements as specified in the standard. be the density of the PE base resin (uncolored PE) determined
4.3 Grade—A code for polyethylene pipe and fittings ma- in accordance with 10.1.3. When the average density of any lot
terials that consists of the two letter abbreviation for polyeth- or shipment falls within 60.002 g/cm3 of the nominal value, it
ylene (PE) followed by two numbers that designate the density shall be considered as conforming to the nominal value and to
cell (Property 1) and the slow crack growth resistance cell all classifications based on the nominal value.
(Property 5), as defined by either Test Method F1473 or Test 6.5.1 For black compounds, containing carbon black, deter-
Method D1693, of the thermoplastic, as specified in Table 1. mine the density, Dp, and calculate the resin density, Dr, as
For the requirements of Property 5 (slow crack growth resis- follows:
tance), consult the materials section of the appropriate ASTM Dr5Dp20.0044C
standard specification for the end-use application.
where:
N OTE 7—Grade designations were adapted from Specification
C = weight percent of carbon black.
D1248 - 84 prior to the removal of pipe material from D1248 - 84. Former
Specification D1248 - 84 grades for PE pipe materials were P14, P23, 6.5.2 For colored compounds, the nominal density of the
P24, P33, and P34. Equivalent Specification D3350 grade designations for base resin shall be provided by the manufacturer, on request.
these materials are PE11, PE20, PE23, PE30, and PE33, respectively. 6.6 Tensile Strength at Yield—The tensile strength at yield
5. Materials and Manufacture used to classify the material shall be the tensile strength at yield
of the PE resin determined in accordance with 10.1.6. When
5.1 The molding and extrusion material shall be polyethyl-
the average tensile strength at yield of any lot or shipment falls
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ene plastic in the form of powder, granules, or pellets.

within 63.45 MPa (6500 psi) of the nominal value, it shall be
5.2 The molding and extrusion materials shall be as uniform
considered as conforming to the nominal value and to all
in composition and size and as free of contamination as is
classifications based on the nominal value.
achieved by good manufacturing practice. If necessary, the
6.7 Elongation at Break—As tested in accordance with
level of contamination may be agreed upon between the
10.1.6, all pressure rated materials shall have a minimum
manufacturer and the purchaser.
extension at break of 500 %.
5.3 When specified, the color and translucence of molded or
extruded pieces formed, under the conditions specified by the
manufacturer of the materials, shall be comparable within 7. Sampling
commercial match tolerances to the color and translucence of 7.1 A batch or lot shall be considered as a unit of manufac-
standard samples supplied in advance by the manufacturer of ture and shall consist of one production run or as a blend of two
the material. or more production runs of material.

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 D3350 – 10

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FIG. 1 Mounting Film Specimen in Cup

7.2 Unless otherwise agreed upon between the manufacturer 10. Test Methods
and the purchaser, the material shall be sampled in accordance
10.1 The properties enumerated in this specification shall be
with the procedure described in Sections 9 through 12 of
determined in accordance with the following test methods:
Practice D1898. Adequate statistical sampling prior to packag-
ing shall be considered an acceptable alternative. 10.1.1 Conditioning—Unless otherwise specified in the test
methods or in this specification, for those tests where condi-
NOTE 8—A sample taken from finished product may not necessarily tioning is required, condition the molded test specimens in
represent the original batch or lot. accordance with Procedure A of Practice D618.
8. Number of Tests 10.1.2 Test Conditions—Unless otherwise specified in the
8.1 The requirements identified by the material designation test methods or in this specification, conduct tests at the
and otherwise specified in the purchase order shall be verified standard laboratory temperature of 23 6 2°C (73.4 6 3.6°F).
by tests made in accordance with 11.1. For routine inspection, 10.1.3 Density—Test Method D1505 or alternative methods
only those tests necessary to identify the material to the referenced in 2.1 (see D792, D2839, and D4883) providing
satisfaction of the purchaser shall be required. One sample equivalent accuracy. Make duplicate determinations using two
shall be sufficient for testing each batch or lot provided that the separate portions of the same molding or from two moldings.
average values for all of the tests made on that batch or lot The molded specimen thickness portions shall be 1.9 6 0.2
comply with the specified requirements. mm (0.075 6 0.008 in.). Calculate the average value.
10.1.4 Melt Index—Test Method D1238, using Condition
9. Specimen Preparation 190/2.16. Make duplicate determinations on the material in the
9.1 Unless otherwise specified in Section 10, the test speci- form of powder, granules, or pellets, and calculate the average;
mens shall be molded in accordance with Procedure C of no conditioning is required.
Annex A1 of Practice D4703. 10.1.4.1 Classify materials having a melt index less than
9.2 When pipe or fitting test specimens are required, they 0.15 (Cell 4) as Cell 5 only if they have a flow rate not greater
shall be extruded or molded in accordance with the specifica- than 4.0 g/10 min when tested in accordance with Test Method
tions of the material manufacturer. D1238, Condition 190/21.6.

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 D3350 – 10

FIG. 2 Typical DSC Plots

NOTE 9—Flow rate is the general term used for all results obtained with S = stress in the outer fiber at 2 % strain,
Test Method D1238. Although the flow rate of polyethylene plastics may P = load corresponding to 2 % strain, N (lbf),
be measured under any of the conditions listed for it under 7.2 of Test
L = test span = 50 mm (2 in.),
Method D1238, only measurements made at Condition 190/2.16 may be
identified as “Melt Index.”
d = specimen depth = 3.2 mm (1⁄8 in.), and
b = specimen width = 12.7 mm (1⁄2 in.).
10.1.5 Flexural Modulus—Test Methods D790, using The secant modulus at 2 % strain is the ratio of stress to
Method 1, Procedure B, and a 50-mm (2-in.) test span. Test five
strain or S/0.02.
specimens, each 3.2 by 12.7 mm (1⁄8 by 1⁄2 in.) flatwise at a
crosshead speed of 12.7 mm/min (0.5 in./min) and the average 10.1.6 Tensile Strength at Yield—The tensile strength at
value of the secant modulus calculated at 2 % strain in the yield and elongation at break shall be determined in accordance
outer fibers. with Test Method D638. The speed of testing shall be 500
10.1.5.1 The deflection of the test specimen corresponding mm/min (20 in./min for materials in the density range from
to 2 % strain (0.02 mm/mm or in./in.) is calculated as follows: 0.910 to 0.925 g/cm3) and 50 mm/min (2 in./min for all others).
Specimens shall conform to the dimensions given for Type IV
D5rL2/6d in Test Method D638 with a thickness of 1.9 6 0.2 mm
where: (0.075 6 0.008 in.). Specimen shall be either die cut or
D = deflection of the center of the beam test specimen at machined.
2 % strain, in., 10.1.7 Slow Crack Growth Resistance—One method shall
r = strain in the outer fibers = 0.02 mm/mm (0.02 in./in.), be used to classify this material property.
L = test span = 50 mm (2 in.), and 10.1.7.1 Slow Crack Growth Resistance—The material’s
d = specimen depth = 3.2 mm (1⁄8 in.). resistance shall meet the minimum requirement shown for the
10.1.5.2 The stress corresponding to 2 % strain is calculated appropriate cell classification when tested in accordance with
as follows: Test Method D1693.
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S53 PL/2 bd2 10.1.7.2 Slow Crack Growth Resistance—The average fail-
ure time from two test specimens shall meet the minimum
where:
requirement shown for the appropriate cell classification when

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 D3350 – 10
tested in accordance with Test Method F1473. Test at least four the cups shall be pressed and rubbed securely against the flat
specimens in case of a dispute. surface so as to ensure that thermal contact is made. Allow 5
10.1.8 Hydrostatic Strength Classification—One method min for the cups to reach thermal equilibrium. Begin the
shall be used to classify this material property. programmed heating at approximately 150°C at a heating rate
10.1.8.1 Hydrostatic Design Basis—Determine the hydro- of 10.0°C/min in static air. Test at least three film specimens
static design basis in accordance with Test Method D2837, on from each sample and use the average value for the induction
pipe extruded from three different lots of material. Subject temperature.
specimens from one lot for at least 10 000 h. Terminate the NOTE 12—Since the indium standard may change with use, it should
tests on the two additional lots after 2000 h. The results from not be used more than 30 times without confirming that no significant
each of the three lots shall be within the same or next higher change in melting point has occurred. This check can be made by
cell limits. comparison with a fresh piece of indium.
NOTE 10—For pressure application at elevated temperatures, the hy- 10.1.9.3 Results—The temperature change (DT) or heat
drostatic design basis should be determined at that temperature in absorption rate (J/s) in the specimen plotted against tempera-
accordance with Test Method D2837. The 100 000-h intercept should be ture shall produce a line with a clear rise in slope. The
categorized in accordance with Table 1 of Test Method D2837. induction temperature (degradation onset) is the intersection of
10.1.8.2 Minimum Required Strength—Determine the mini- the extended base line and a line tangent to the leading slope of
mum required strength in accordance with ISO 12162. the exothermic decomposition peak (see Fig. 2).
10.1.9 Thermal Stability—Test specimens taken from pipe 10.1.10 Carbon Black Content—Test Method D1603 or
or fittings made from the virgin material with a differential Test Method D4218 shall be used. Make duplicate determina-
scanning calorimeter (DSC).4 The directions of the instrument tions from a sample of the material in the form of powder,
manufacturer regarding calibration and operation shall be granules, or pellets.
followed except when in conflict with other parts of this
section. 11. Inspection
NOTE 11—This test requires accurate temperature and atmosphere 11.1 Inspection of the material shall be made as agreed upon
control on the DSC specimen compartment. The DSC manufacturers offer between the purchaser and the manufacturer as part of the
choices in cell configuration and temperature control parameters that may purchase contract.
affect this required control. For example, in some power compensation
DSCs, use of the two-hole platinum specimen holder lids with a special
12. Retest and Rejection
“flow-through” swing-away block cover is required. Therefore, the user
may wish to consult equipment-specific literature and with the equipment 12.1 If any failure occurs, and when specified by the
manufacturer to optimize the operation of individual DSCs for this test. manufacturer, the material shall be retested to establish con-
10.1.9.1 Specimens—Press small pieces of the pipe into formity in accordance with the agreement between the pur-
films 0.127 6 0.013 mm (0.0050 6 0.0005 in.) thick. Cut at chaser and the manufacturer.
least three disks 6.35 6 0.13 mm (0.250 6 0.005 in.) in
diameter from the film. 13. Packaging and Marking
10.1.9.2 Procedure—Place the disk of film in a small 13.1 Packaging—The material shall be packaged in stan-
aluminum cup used in the DSC in a stretched condition, as dard commercial containers, so constructed as to ensure
shown in Fig. 1(a). Place a small piece of indium (melting acceptance by common or other carriers for safe transportation
point 156.6°C) or anisic acid (melting point 183.0°C) for a at the lowest rate to the point of delivery, unless otherwise
temperature reference standard contained in a similar cup (see specified in the contract or order.
Fig. 1(b)) in the reference position. Use an oxidized copper 13.2 Marking—Unless otherwise agreed upon between the
reference disk for black, filled, or dark brown test specimens seller and the purchaser, shipping containers shall be marked
and an aluminum disk for natural or light pigmented polymers. with the name of the material, identification in accordance with
Place the specimen and reference standard cups in the instru- this specification, the lot or batch number and quantity con-
ment which is preset at approximately 150°C. The bottoms of tained therein, as defined by the contract or order under which
shipment is made, and the name of the manufacturer.
13.3 All packing, packaging, and marking provisions of
4
Instruments are available from TA Instruments, Perkin-Elmer, and others. Practice D3892 shall apply to this specification.
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 D3350 – 10
14. Keywords
14.1 cell classification system; pipe and fittings material;
polyethylene; recycled

SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee D20 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue (D3350 - 08)
that may impact the use of this standard. (January 1, 2010)

(1) Revised 6.7 and 10.1.6.

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