The Victorian Period literally describes the events in the age of Queen Victorias reign .

Poets in the Victorian period were influenced by the Romantic Poets such as Keats, William Blake, Shelley and W.Wordsworth. Victorian Poetry was an important period in the history of poetry, providing the link between the Romantic movement and the modernist movement of the 20th Century. The PreRaphaelite Brotherhood was a group of English painters, poets, and critics, founded in 1848 by William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. The group's intention was to reform art by rejecting what they considered to be the mechanistic approach first adopted by the Mannerist artists who succeeded Raphael and Michelangelo. They believed that the Classical poses and elegant compositions of Raphael in particular had been a corrupting influence on the academic teaching of art. The Pre-Raphaelites have been considered the first avant-garde movement in art.However, the Pre-Raphaelites undoubtedly defined themselves as a reform-movement.. Their debates were recorded in the Pre-Raphaelite Journal. Dante Gabriel Rossetti was an English poet, illustrator, painter and translator. His work influenced the European Symbolists and was a major precursor of the Aesthetic movement. Rossetti's art was characterised by its sensuality and its medieval revivalism. His early poetry was influenced by John Keats. His later poetry was characterised by the complex of thought and feeling, especially in his sonnet The House of Life. He frequently wrote sonnets to accompany his pictures, from The Girlhood of Mary Virgin (1849) to Astarte Syriaca (1877), one of his last completed works. The Victorian Period literally describes the events in the age of Queen Victorias reign . Poets in the Victorian period were influenced by the Romantic Poets such as Keats, William Blake, Shelley and W.Wordsworth. Victorian Poetry was an important period in the history of poetry, providing the link between the Romantic movement and the modernist movement of the 20th Century. The PreRaphaelite Brotherhood was a group of English painters, poets, and critics, founded in 1848 by William Holman Hunt, John Everett Millais and Dante Gabriel Rossetti. The group's intention was to reform art by rejecting what they considered to be the mechanistic approach first adopted by the Mannerist artists who succeeded Raphael and Michelangelo. They believed that the Classical poses and elegant compositions of Raphael in particular had been a corrupting influence on the academic teaching of art. The Pre-Raphaelites have been considered the first avant-garde movement in art.However, the Pre-Raphaelites undoubtedly defined themselves as a reform-movement.. Their debates were recorded in the Pre-Raphaelite Journal. Christina Georgina Rossetti was an English poet who wrote a variety of romantic, devotional, and children's poems. She is best known for her long poem Goblin Market, her love poem Remember, and for the words of the Christmas carolIn the Bleak Midwinter. Rossetti began writing down and dating her poems from 1842, mostly imitating her favoured poets. From 1847 she began experimenting with verse forms such as sonnets, hymns and ballads, drawing narratives from the bible, folk takes and the lives of the saints. Her early pieces often feature meditations on death and loss, in the Romantic traditions.

Victorian literature is the body of poetry, fiction, essays, and letters produced during the reign of Queen Victoria (1837 1901) and during the era which bears her name. It forms a link and transition between the writers of the romantic period and the modernist literature of the twentieth century. Victorian novels tend to be idealized portraits of difficult lives in which hard work, perseverance, love and luck win out in the end. They tended to be of an improving nature with a central moral lesson at heart. Jane Austen was an English novelist whose works of romantic fiction, earned her a place as one of the most widely read writers in English literature, her realism and biting social commentary cementing her historical importance among scholars and critics. Pride and Prejudice is a novel by Jane Austen, first published in 1813. The story follows the main character Elizabeth Bennet as she deals with issues of manners, upbringing, morality, education and marriage in the society of the landed gentry of early 19th-century England. Elizabeth is the second of five daughters of a country gentleman, living near the fictional town of Meryton in Hertfordshire, near London. Others characters of this novel are Mr Fitzwilliam Darcy is the main male character., Mrs Bennet is the wife of her social superior Mr Bennet, and mother of Elizabeth and her sisters. She is frivolous, excitable, and narrow-minded, and is susceptible to attacks of tremors and palpitations. Her public manners and social climbing are embarrassing to Jane and Elizabeth. Her favourite daughter is the youngest, Lydia. George Wickham is an old acquaintance of Darcy from childhood, and an officer in the militia unit stationed near Meryton. A major theme in much of Austen's work is the importance of environment and upbringing on the development of young people's character and morality. Social standing and wealth are not necessarily advantages in her world, and a further theme common to Jane Austen's work is ineffectual parents.
Victorian novel is the literature produced during the Victorian era. Victorian novels tend to be idealized portraits of difficult lives in which hard work, perseverance, love and luck win out in the end; virtue would be rewarded and wrongdoers are suitably punished. They tended to be of an improving nature with a central moral lesson at heart. While this formula was the basis for much of earlier Victorian fiction, the situation became more complex as the century progressed. Charles Dickens was born in Landport. Later he moved to London, and then to Chatham, where he received some education. Dickens studied at Wellington House Academy, London, and at Mr. Dawson's school. he was a law office clerk, and then a shorthand reporter at Doctor's Commons. His career as a writer of fiction started in 1833 when his short stories and essays to appeared in periodicals. 'A Dinner at Poplar Walk' was Dickens's first published sketch. Dickens married Catherine Hogart and had 10 children. In June 1870, Dickens suffered another stroke and the next day he died at Gad's Hill Place. Great Expectations is written in the first person from the point of view of the orphan Pip. The novel, like much of Dickens' work, draws on his experiences of life and people.P ip, a young orphan living with his sister and her husband in the marshes of Kent. One day Pip is taken by his Uncle Pumblechook to play at Satis House,. During his visit, he meets Estella.He falls in love with her and dreams of becoming a gentleman so that he might be worthy of her. One day a lawyer named Jaggers appears with strange news: a secret benefactor has given Pip a large fortune, and Pip must come to London immediately to begin his education as a gentleman. Pip happily assumes that his previous hopes have come truethat Miss Havisham is his secret benefactor and that the old woman intends for him to marry Estella. Returning many years later, he encounters Estella in the ruined garden at Satis House. Drummle, her husband, treated her badly, but he is now dead. Pip finds that Estellas coldness and cruelty have been replaced by a sad kindness, and the two leave the garden hand in hand, Pip believing that they will never part again.

Victorian poetry is classified poetry written in England during the time of Queen Victoria. It followed the Romantic movement, and is marked by darker qualities and subjects. Victorian Poetry, however, is much harsher and realistic then romantic one. Victorian poetry tends to deal with more serious and realistic subjects, such as child labor, slavery, and other such social injustices. Victorian poetry marks society's progression from the carefree notions of Romanticism to a state of social awareness and reform .Lord Alfred Tennyson was born in Somersby, Lincolnshire, a rector's son and fourth of 12 children. He derived from a middle-class line of Tennysons, but also had noble and royal ancestry.His father, George Clayton Tennyson was a rector for Somersby , also rector of Benniworth and Bag Enderby, and vicar of Grimsby. Tennyson was first a student of Louth Grammar School for four years and then attended Scaitcliffe School, Englefield Green and King Edward VI Grammar School, Louth. He entered Trinity College, Cambridge in 1827, where he joined a secret society called theCambridge Apostles. "Tears, Idle Tears" is a lyric poem written in 1847 by Alfred, Lord Tennyson .Tennyson was inspired to write "Tears, Idle Tears" upon a visit to Tintern Abbey in Monmouthshire,."Tears, Idle Tears" is noted for its lyric richness, and for its tones of paradox and ambiguityespecially as Tennyson did not often bring his doubts into the grammar and symbolism of his works. The ambiguity occurs in the contrasting descriptions of the tears: they are "idle", yet come from deep within the narrator; the "happy autumn-fields" inspire sadness. Literary critic Cleanth Brooks writes, "[W]hen the poet is able, as in 'Tears, Idle Tears', to analyze his experience, and in the full light of the disparity and even apparent contradiction of the various elements, bring them into a new unity, he secures not only richness and depth but dramatic power as well."The poem has been set to music a number of times. Edward Lear put the lyric to music in the nineteenth century, and Ralph Vaughan Williams' pianistic setting of 1903 was described by The Times as "one of the most beautiful settings in existence of Tennyson's splendid lyric.

Victorian novel is the literature produced during the Victorian era. Victorian novels tend to be idealized portraits of difficult lives in which hard work, perseverance, love and luck win out in the end; virtue would be rewarded and wrongdoers are suitably punished. They tended to be of an improving nature with a central moral lesson at heart. While this formula was the basis for much of earlier Victorian fiction, the situation became more complex as the century progressed. William Makepeace Thackeray was an English novelist of the 19th century. He was famous for his satirical works, particularly Vanity Fair, a panoramic portrait of English society. Thackeray, an only child, was born in Calcutta, India, where his father, Richmond Thackeray , held the high rank of secretary to the board of revenue in the British East India Company. His mother, Anne Becher was the second daughter of Harriet and John Harman Becher who was also a secretary (writer) for the East India Company. He travelled for some time on the continent, visiting Paris and Weimar, where he met Goethe. He returned to England and began to study law at the Middle Temple, but soon gave that up. The work that really established his fame was the novel Vanity Fair, which first appeared in serialized instalments beginning in January 1847. Even before Vanity Fair completed its serial run, Thackeray had become a celebrity, sought after by the very lords and ladies he satirized; they hailed him as the equal of Dickens. The story opens at Miss Pinkerton's Academy, where the principal protagonists Becky Sharp and Amelia Sedley have just completed their studies and are preparing to depart for Amelia's house in Russell Square. Becky is portrayed as a strong-willed and cunning young woman determined to make her way in society, and Amelia Sedley as a good-natured, loveable, though simple-minded young girl. His characters also satirize the institutions they serve or represent: Lord Steyne and Sir Pitt Crawley show up Parliament, the rotten election system, and the aristocracy; religion is satirized with the Rev. Bute Crawley (the Church of England) and with Mr. Pitt Crawley and Lady Southdown (Dissent); the army leadership is satirized with General Tufto; the Colonial and foreign service, with Joseph Sedley, Rawdon Crawley, Mr. Pitt Crawley, and Tapeworm; the financial system, with Osborne senior. Excluded, however, are the working class, the poor, the homeless and the destitute.

Victorian novel is the literature produced during the Victorian era. Victorian novels tend to be idealized portraits of difficult lives in which hard work, perseverance, love and luck win out in the end; virtue would be rewarded and wrongdoers are suitably punished. They tended to be of an improving nature with a central moral lesson at heart. While this formula was the basis for much of earlier Victorian fiction, the situation became more complex as the century progressed. Oscar Wilde was an Irish writer and poet. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s, he became one of London's most popular playwrights in the early 1890s. Wilde's parents were successful Dublin intellectuals, and their son showed his intelligence early by becoming fluent in French and German. At university Wilde read Greats. After university, Wilde moved to London into fashionable cultural and social circles. The first version of The Picture of Dorian Gray was published in July 1890. The story begins with a man painting a picture of Gray. When Gray, who has a "face like ivory and rose leaves" sees his finished portrait he breaks down, distraught that his beauty will fade, but the portrait stay beautiful. For Wilde, the purpose of art would guide life if beauty alone were its object.Reviewers immediately criticised the novel's content and decadence, and Wilde vigorously responded in print. Writing to the Editor of the Scots Observer, he clarified his stance on ethics and aesthetics in art "If a work of art is rich and vital and complete, those who have artistic instincts will see its beauty and those to whom ethics appeal more strongly will see its moral lesson.

Victorian novel is the literature produced during the Victorian era. Victorian novels tend to be idealized portraits of difficult lives in which hard work, perseverance, love and luck win out in the end; virtue would be rewarded and wrongdoers are suitably punished. They tended to be of an improving nature with a central moral lesson at heart. While this formula was the basis for much of earlier Victorian fiction, the situation became more complex as the century progressed. Joseph Rudyard Kipling (30 December 1865 18 January 1936) was an English poet, short-story writer, and novelist chiefly remembered for his celebration of British imperialism, tales and poems of British soldiers in India, and his tales for children. Kipling received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1907. He was born in Bombay. Kipling is best known for his works of fiction, including The Jungle Book (1894). In 1907, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, making him the firstEnglish language writer to receive the prize, and to date he remains its youngest recipient. The Jungle Book (1894) is a collection of stories by British Nobel laureate Rudyard Kipling. The stories were first published in magazines in 1893. The tales in the book are fables, using animals in an anthropomorphic manner to give moral lessons. The bestknown of them are the three stories revolving around the adventures of an abandoned "man cub" Mowgli who is raised by wolves in the Indian jungle. The Jungle Book, because of its moral tone, came to be used as a motivational book by the Cub Scouts, a junior element of the Scouting movement. Akela, the head wolf in The Jungle Book, has become a senior figure in the movement, the name being traditionally adopted by the leader of each Cub Scout pack.

Since the Industrial Revolution, Englands capitalism had got rapid development. So the class structure in England had experienced radical changes. With capitalists getting the ruling power, weakness of the capital system became exposed clearly, especially the greed and hypocrisy. Working class began to realize the nature of used-to-be revolutionary force, their bosses, whose treasure actually came from all the employees hard work. At the same time, the living condition for workers worsened day by day while their bosses led a luxurious life. The gap between the poor and the rich widened significantly. Keen writers felt the need to produce something to expose the darkness of the capitalist class. Critical realists described with much vividness and great artistic skills the chief traits of the English society and criticized the capitalist system from a democratic viewpoint. This trend brought about a representative novelist Charles Dickens .Critical realists, though showing profound sympathy for the common people and also anger against the ruling class, did not find out how to change the situation and eradicate social evils. They didnt realize that all the wretchedness originated from the capitalist system. Therefore, writers in the period are more likely to be social reformists. Victorian poetry is classified poetry written in England during the time of Queen Victoria. It followed the Romantic movement, and is marked by darker qualities and subjects. Victorian Poetry, however, is much harsher and realistic then romantic one. Victorian poetry tends to deal with more serious and realistic subjects, such as child labor, slavery, and other such social injustices. Victorian poetry marks society's progression from the carefree notions of Romanticism to a state of social awareness and reform

Victorian novel is the literature produced during the Victorian era. Victorian novels tend to be idealized portraits of difficult lives in which hard work, perseverance, love and luck win out in the end; virtue would be rewarded and wrongdoers are suitably punished. They tended to be of an improving nature with a central moral lesson at heart. While this formula was the basis for much of earlier Victorian fiction, the situation became more complex as the century progressed. William Wilkie Collins was an English novelist,playwright, and author of short stories. He was hugely popular during the Victorian era and wrote 30 novels, more than 60 short stories, 14 plays, and over 100 non-fiction pieces. His best-known works are The Woman in White, The Moonstone, Armadale and No Name. The novel, the woman in white, which is Collins' most famous, was published in 1860. Walter Hartright, a young drawing master, was walking home from Hampstead on his last evening in London. On this time he meets a mysterious woman dressed in white, apparently in deep distress. He helps her on her way but later learns that she has escaped from an asylum. The next day he travels to Limmeridge House, on a commission of being drawing master to residents of the house.The household comprises of Mr Frederick Fairlie, and Walter's students: Laura Fairlie, Hartright finds that Laura bears an astonishing resemblance to the woman in white, called Anne Catherick. The mentally disadvantaged Anne had lived for a time in Cumberland as a child and was devoted to Laura's mother, who first dressed her in white. Walter and Laura quickly fall in love. Laura, however, has promised her father that she will marry Sir Percival Glyde. Laura is tricked into travelling to London. Her identity and that of Anne Catherick are then switched. Anne Catherick dies of a heart condition and is buried in Cumberland as Laura, while Laura is drugged and placed in the asylum as Anne Catherick. When Marian recovers and visits the asylum hoping to learn something from Anne Catherick, she finds Laura, supposedly suffering from the delusion that she is Lady Glyde. Hartright then discovers that Anne was the illegitimate child of Laura's father, which accounts for their resemblance. Hartright and Laura have married and, on the death of Frederick Fairlie, their son becomes the Heir of Limmeridge.

Literature of the 19th century refers to world literature produced during the 19th century. Many of the developments in literature in this period parallel changes in the visual arts and other aspects of 19th century culture. The year 1900 in literature involved some significant new books and publications,.The highly influential American author L. Frank Baum wrote the first and most famous of his Oz books, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz, in 1900. The book would later go on to be translated into hundreds of languages, distributed worldwide, and come to be part of American popular culture for decades, as well as inspire an equally successful and memorable 1939 screening, along with numerous other adaptations. The year marked several publications on the literarily influential Boer Wars: Winston Churchill, the future Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Arthur Conan Doyle (famous as the creator of Sherlock Holmes)..Zelda Fitzgerald, the future American novelist , writer F. Scott Fitzgerald was born on July 24 of 1900. Margaret Mitchell, who would become known as the author of Gone With the Wind, was born little more than 3 months later.