TRANSCULTURAL NURSING
What is Transcultural ?
What is transcultural?
• extending through all human cultures; "a
transcultural ideal of freedom embracing all
the peoples of the world" ...(free dictionary)
TRANSCULTURAL
• involving, encompassing, or extending
across two or more cultures.
• relating to or involving more than one
culture; cross-cultural.
• E.g."the possibility of transcultural
understanding“
Transcultural Nursing (TCN)
• A substantive area of study and practice focused
on comparative cultural care (caring) values,
beliefs, and practices of individuals, groups of
similar (culture universal) or different cultures
(culture-specific).
• Goal of TCN is to provide culture specific and
universal nursing care practices for the health &
well-being of people or to help them face
unfavorable human conditions, illness, or death in
culturally meaningful ways.
transcultural nursing
• a humanistic and scientific area of
nursing study and practice that
focuses on how patterns of behavior
in health, illness, and caring are
influenced by the values and beliefs
of specific cultural groups( medical
dictionary 2015)
Transcultural Nursing
• The focus of transcultural nursing is the differences
between cultural groups that require care
providers to identify culture specific health and
illness practices and caring behaviors as well as to
identify behaviors that transcend cultural groups
and appear to be universal human care practices.
• The scope of transcultural nursing is the delivery of
personalized care in health promotion and
maintenance, as well as illness situations.
TRANSCULTURAL NURSING
• Transcultural nursing is an
essential aspect of
healthcare today.
• Nurses must acquire the
necessary knowledge and
skills in cultural competency.
• Culturally competent nursing
care helps ensure patient
satisfaction and positive
outcomes.
Transcultural Nursing and
Health Care
• Nurses need to think and act with a global
perspective.
• The world has become too complex and
diverse as nurses care for people with
different cultures.
• The need for nurses to embrace transcultural
concepts, principles & knowledge to address
cultural diversity in nursing & health.
Factors influencing TCN
• Trends of globalization, migration,
transculturalism, transcultural nursing, culturally
congruent care are new concepts that nurses
must learn to make transcultural health care
more beneficial and meaningful.
• Increasing number of immigrants and refugees
from diverse culture.
• Advancing technology and worldwide use of
cybernetics and new modes of e-
communications, health technologies.
Factors influencing TCN
• Increased use of alternative/complementary
modalities or generic health care practices
• Increased in ethical and moral cultural health
care concerns ( e.g.cultures of life & death)
• The rise in womens’ and mens’ human rights
• “Transcultural Nursing is a comparative study
of cultures to understand similarities(culture
universal) and differences(culture-specific)
across human group.”
History of Transcultural Nursing
⚫In 1950’s Medeleine M. Leininger, known as the
foundress of Transcultural Nursing, noted cultural
differences between patients and nurses while
working with emotionally disturbed children.
⚫This experience led to study clinical difference in
perception of the care.
⚫She recognized that health and illness states are
strongly influenced by culture and formulated the
theory of Transcultural Nursing.
History of Transcultural Nursing
⚫In 1991, she published ‘Culture Care
Diversity And Universality: A Theory Of
Nursing’
⚫Her theory has now developed into a
discipline in nursing.
⚫In 1988 Transcultural Nursing Society
initiated certification examinations:
certified Transcultural Nurse (CTN)
History of Transcultural Nursing
⚫Culturally diverse nursing care:
•An optimal mode of health care
delivery; it refers to the variability of nursing
approaches needed to provide culturally
appropriate care that incorporates an
individual’s cultural values, beliefs, and practices
including sensitivity to the environment from
which the individual comes and to which the
individual may ultimately return..
1) There is a marked increase in the migration of
people within and between countries world wide.
2) There has been a rise in multicultural identifies,
with people expecting their cultural belief,
values, and lifeways to be understood and
respected by nurses and other health care
providers.
3) The increased use of health care
technology sometimes conflicts with
cultural values of clients.
4)World wide there are cultural conflicts, clashes, and
violence that have an impact health care as more
cultures interact with one another.
5) There was an increase in legal suits resulting from
cultural conflict, negligence, ignorance, and imposition
of health care practices.
6) There is an increase in the number of people travelling
and working in many different parts of the world.
7) There has been a rise in feminism and gender issues,
with new demands on health care systems to meet the
needs of woman and children
8 ) There has been an increased demand for
community and culture based health care
services in diverse environmental contexts.
Standards of Transcultural Nursing
1. Social Justice
2. Critical Reflection
3. Knowledge of Culture
4. Culturally Competent Practice
5. Cultural Competence in Health Care System
and Organization
6. Patient Advocacy and Empowerment
Standards of Transcultural Nursing
7. Multicultural Workforce
8. Education and Training in Cultural Competent
Care
9. Cross-cultural Communication
10. Cross-cultural Leadership
11. Policy Development
12. Evidenced-based Practice and Research
Caring is an aging process
To rediscover Self
