Human Florishing

LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, the students
should be able to:
• Identify different conceptions of human
flourishing;
• Determine the development of the scientific
method and validity of science; and
• Critic human flourishing vis-à-vis progress of
science and technology to be able to define
for themselves the meaning of a good life.

Science, Technology, and Human

Flourishing
- Eudaimonia, literally “good spirited,” a term
coined by Aristotle to describe the pinnacle of
happiness that is attainable by humans; has
often been translated into “human flourishing”
- Western civilization tends to be more focused
on the individual; based on an individual’s
values rather than his belief that the state is
greater than him.
- The east are more community-centric;
community takes the highest regard that the
individual should sacrifice himself for the sake
of the society.

Every discovery, innovation, and success

contributes to our pool of human knowledge;
human’s perpetual need to locate himself in
the world by finding proofs to trace evolution;

- the end goals of both science and technology

and human flourishing are related; in that the
good is inherently related to the truth, are two
concepts about science which ventures its
claim on truth.
Science as Method and
Results
•
The Scientific Method:
1. Observe
2. Determine the problem
3. formulate hypothesis; reject the null
hypothesis
4. Conduct experiment
5. Gather and analyze results
6. Formulate conclusion and provide
recommendation

• Verification Theory
- The earliest criterion that distinguishes
philosophy and science
- The idea proposes that a discipline is science if it
can be confirmed or interpreted in the event of
an alternative hypothesis being accepted.
- Several budding theories that lack empirical
results might be shot down prematurely, causing
slower innovation and punishing ingenuity of
newer, novel thoughts.
- This theory completely fails to weed out bogus
arguments that explain things coincidentally

• Falsification Theory
- Karl Popper is the known proponent of this view.
- Asserts that as long as an ideology is not proven
to be false and can best explain a phenomenon
over alternative theories
- Allowed emergence of theories otherwise
rejected by verification theory
- Encourages research in order to determine
which among the theories can stand the test of
falsification.
Science as a Social Endeavor
- A new school of thought on the proper
demarcation criterion of science emerged.
- Explores the social dimension of science
and effectively, technology
- The new view perpetuates a dimension
which generally benefits the society.
Sciences cease to belong solely to gown
wearing, bespectacled scientists at
laboratories.

Science and Results

People who do not understand science are won
over when the discipline is able to produce
results.
- In this particular argument, however, science is
not the only discipline which is able to produce
results—religion, luck, and human randomness
are some of its contemporaries in the field.
- For some communities without access to
science, they can turn to divination and
superstition and still get the same results.
- Science is not entirely foolproof, such that it is
correct 100% of the time

Science as Education
In the Philippines, a large distribution of science high
schools can be found, forging competition for aspiring
students to undergo rigorous science and mathematics
training based on specialized curricula.
- As students are preconditioned that the field would
later land them high-paying jobs and a lucrative
career after graduation.
- Simply mastering science and technology would be
inadequate if we are to, say, socialize with people or
ruminate on our inner self.
- A true eudaimon recognizes that flourishing requires
one to excel in various dimensions, such as
linguistic, kinetic, artistic, and socio-civic
TECHNOLOGY AS A WAY OF
REVEALING
LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, the students
should be able to:
• Explain the concept of human condition
before science and technology;
• Identify the change that happened in human
condition after science and technology; and
• Name ways on how technology aided in

revealing the truth about the human being .

The Human Condition Before Common
Era
-Homo erectus have been using fire to cook, all the
while without realizing the laws of friction and heat.
- Tools from stone and flints marked the era of the
Stone Age, during the advent of our very own Homo
sapiens.
- People discovered minerals and began forging
metalwork.
- Fur clothing and animal skin are primarily used for
comfort against harsh winds. They begin to cover
themselves up out of necessity.
- People of the time had also painstakingly wrought
and hewed said figures in honor of some deity; initial
roster of primitive gods includes objects they
encounter through their day-to-day lives.

The Human Condition in the Common

Era
- Driven by their primal need to survive, humans were
quick to find ways to drive off other megafaunas
threatening a prospective hunting spot.
- The ongoing extinction of several species—both flora
and fauna—due to human activity
- They began to hunt, farm, and produce things with
prospect of profit.
- When they could not sell products, they used their
skills and got compensated for it—bringing forth a
specialized group of artisans.
- Physical strength was valued at most, although there
appeared to be as many intellectually gifted figures
just the same.

The Essence of Technology

- Modern humans are reliant on technology in their search
for the good life. Humans are reduced into the amount of
productivity they are able to render during their lifetime.
- By too much reliance on technology, humans lose track
of things that matter, reducing their surroundings to their
economic value.
- Martin Heidegger argued that its essence, or purpose,
and being are different from each other.
- Technology can either be perceived as first, a means to
achieve man’s end and second, that which constitutes
human activity.
- The second perspective paints technology in such a way
that each period reveals a particular character regarding
man’s being

LESSON 3:
THE GOOD LIFE

LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, the students
should be able to:
• Examine what is meant by a good
life;
• Identify how humans attempt to attain
what is deemed to be a good life; and
• Recognize possibilities available to
human being to attain the good life
Aristotle and How We All Aspire for a Good
Life
Plato and Aristotle embarked on a different approach
in figuring out reality.
Plato thought that things in this world are not real and
are only copies of the real in the world of forms.
Change is so perplexing that it can only make sense if
there are two realities: the world of forms and the world
of matter:
- In the world of matter, things are changing and
impermanent;
- In the world of forms, the entities are only copies of
the ideal and the models, and the forms are the only
real entities .
Aristotle forwarded the idea that there is no reality
over and above what the senses can perceive,
claiming that this world is all there is to it and that this
world is the only reality we can all access.
- Declares that even human beings are potentialities
who aspire for their actuality
- Every action that emanates from a human person
is a function of the purpose (telos) that the person
has.
- Every human person, according to Aristotle,
aspires for an end. This end is happiness or
human flourishing.
- Claims that happiness is the be all and end all of
everything that we do
- Human flourishing, a kind of contentment in
knowing that one is getting the best out of life

Happiness as the Goal of a Good Life

• Materialism
- The first materialists were the atomists in Ancient
Greece.
- Democritus and Leucippus belief is that the world is
made up of and is controlled by the tiny indivisible
units in the world called atomos or seeds.
- For Democritus and his disciples, the world,
including human beings, is made up of matter.
- Only material entities matter. In terms of human
flourishing, matter is what makes us attain
happiness
.• Hedonism
- The hedonists, for their part, see the end goal of
life in acquiring pleasure.
- Life is about obtaining and indulging in pleasure
because life is limited.
- The mantra of this school of thought is the famous,
“Eat, drink, and be merry for tomorrow we die.”

• Stoicism
- The idea that to generate happiness, one must
learn to distance oneself and be apathetic.
- For the stoics, happiness can only be attained by a
careful practice of apathy

• Theism
- The ultimate basis of happiness for theists is the
communion with God.
- The world where we are in is only just a temporary
reality where we have to maneuver around while
waiting for the ultimate return to the hands of God.

• Humanism
- The freedom of man to carve his own destiny and to
legislate his own laws, free from the shackles of a
God that monitors and controls.
- Humanists see themselves not merely as stewards
of the creation but as individuals who are in control
of themselves and the world outside them

WHEN TECHNOLOGY AND

HUMANITY CROSS
LESSON OBJECTIVES
At the end of this lesson, the students
should be able to:
• Know the different technological
advancements in society;
• Discuss the development of science and
technology in the Philippines; and
• Discuss the effects of the interplay between
technology and humanity through the
dilemma(s) they face.

Television Sets, Mobile Phones,

Computers, and Humanity
People all over the world use these technologies
every day to accomplish different purpose;
- Television was a product of different experiments
by various people;
- Paul Gottlieb Nipkow’s invention was called the
"electric telescope" that had 18 lines of
resolution;
- Alan Archibald Campbell-Swinton and Boris
Rosing their experiment gave rise to two types of
television systems, namely, mechanical and
electronic television
.- On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a senior engineer at
Motorola, made the world’s first mobile phone call;
- In 1983, Motorola made their first commercial mobile
phone available to the public., It was known as the
Motorola DynaTAC 8000X.
- Charles Babbage who designed the Analytical Engine
which was used as the basic framework of the computers
even until the present time;
- The first design of computer was so big that it could
occupy whole floors of buildings;
- The first true portable computer was released in April
1981. It was called the Osborne 1;
- The evolution of laptops continued until the present time
where various designs and models are already available.
Roles Played by These Technological
Advancements
- Television is mainly used as a platform for advertisements
and information dissemination;
- Television also is a good platform for different propagandas
and advocacies.
- Mobile phones are primarily used for communication;
- People use their mobile phones to surf the Internet and to
take pictures more than to text or to call people;
- Other applications include music player, calendar, radio,
television, and photo editor, among others.
- Personal computers and laptops can be used to surf the
Internet and communicate;
- the availability of a mouse or a touchpad made these two
technological devices easier to maneuver than mobile
phones.

Ethical Dilemma Faced by These

Technological Advancements
- People who are fixated on these
technological advancements start and end
their day by using such devices. It causes
them to become reclusive, alienating
themselves from other people.
- Children who are not capable yet of rationally
deciding for themselves what is right or
wrong are freely exposed to different things
on television, mobiles phones, laptops, or
computers.
Robotics and Humanity
• A robot is an actuated mechanism programmable
in two or more axes with a degree of autonomy,
moving within its environment, to perform
intended tasks.
• A service robot is a robot that performs useful
tasks for humans or equipment excluding
industrial automation application.
• A personal service robot or a service robot for
personal use is a service robot used for a
noncommercial task, usually by laypersons.
• A professional service robot or a service robot for
professional use is a service robot used for a
commercial task, usually operated by a properly
trained operator.
Roles Played by Robotics
- They are primarily used to ease the workload of mankind.
- They were invented to make life more efficient and less
stressful; perform activities to entertain people; made to
serve as toys.
- Robots also have their own set of rules and
characteristics that define what a good robot is:
Law One: A robot may not injure a human being or,
through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
Law Two: A robot must obey the orders given by human
beings except where such orders would conflict with the
First Law.
Law Three: A robot must protect its own existence as
long as such protection does not conflict with the First or
Second Law.
Ethical Dilemma/s Faced by
Robotics
- Safety. Who should be held accountable if
someone’s safety is compromised by a
robot?
- Emotional Component. What if robots
become sentient should they be granted
robot rights? Should they have their own
set of rights to be upheld, respected, and
protected by humans?

Additional Reviewer for STS

1. motherboard is the printed circuit board that contains the electrical circuitry for
the computer.
2. central processing unit (CPU). The integrated circuit chip that processes
electronic signals also called brain of the computer
3. Random access memory (RAM) Temporarily stores data and instructions to be
used by the central processing unit
 4. Read-only memory (ROM) Contains prerecorded instructions used to start the
computer
5. Cache memory Is a small unit of fast memory built into the processor to improve
performance
6. Kilobyte (KB OR K) is equal to exactly 1,024 bytes.
7. Megabyte (MB) is equal to about one million bytes
. 8. Gigabyte (GB) is equal to about one billion bytes.
9. Terabyte (TB) is equal to approximately one trillion bytes.
10. Graphics Processing Unit) A programmable logic chip (processor) specialized
for display functions
11. Video cards are also referred to as graphics cards. Video cards include a
processing unit, memory, a cooling mechanism and connections to a display device.
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23.Server is a computer that provides data to other computers. It may serve data to
systems on a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN) over the
Internet
24. power supply unit (or PSU) converts mains AC to low-voltage regulated DC
power for the internal components of a computer.
25. hard disk drive , hard disk, hard drive, or fixed disk,[b] is an electromechanical
data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital
information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with
magnetic material.
26. computer case, also known as a computer chassis, tower, system unit, CPU
(when referring to the case as a whole rather than the processor), or cabinet, is the
enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer (usually excluding
the display, keyboard, and mouse).
99. Closed-circuit television (CCTV), also known as video surveillance is the use of
video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors

100. Android is a mobile operating system developed by Google. It is used by

several smartphones and tablets.
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Solid State Drive – is the latest technology of hard disk storage