STUDENT ACTIVITY SHEET

CHELSY SKY M. SACAN

LESSON TITLE: ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS/ ANTIBIOTICS

Pharmacology
BS NURSING / SECOND YEAR
Session 3

Rearrange the scrambled letters to form a word. Words are related to the lesson.
1. I T N B T I A I O C S - ANTIBIOTICS

2. E L I N O G Y C O A M S I D S - AMINOGLYCOSIDES

3. P H N I C O R E A O L P S E - CEPHALOSPORINS

4. F Q U N O L O U I L O R O N E S - FLUOROQUINOLONES

5. M I C R B A E O S L - MACROLIDES

6. C O S A L I N M D E I S - LINCOSAMIDES

7. M A T C O M A S N B O - MONOBACTAMS

8. E N P I L N E C L I S - PENICILLINS

9. S A M U N I E L D F S O - SULFONAMIDES

10.T E N I E L S T C R C A Y - TETRACYCLINES

CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING (30 minutes)

You will answer and rationalize this by yourself. This will be recorded as your quiz. One (1) point will
be given to correct answer and another one (1) point for the correct rationalization. Superimpositions
or erasures in you answer/ratio is not allowed. You are given 25 minutes for this activity:

Multiple Choice

1. The nurse is administering an anti-infective that is considered to be a bacteriocidal. Before

beginning therapy, the nurse should assess the client for:
a. Any neurologic abnormalities.
b. Cardiac history.
c. Hypersensitivity.
d. Respiratory conditions.
ANSWER: D
RATIO: Hypersensitivity reaction: a condition in which the normally protective immune
system has a harmful effect on the body.
2. The client asks the nurse why the physician didn't prescribe the same antibiotic that he always
takes for an infection. The best response by the nurse would be:
a. "It doesn't matter which antibiotic is taken."
b. "Try this medicine, and if you're not better in 10 days, return to the office."
c. "You don't want to take the same antibiotic all the time."
d. "Bacteria can become resistant to some antibiotics.
ANSWER: D
RATIO: Antibiotic resistance happens when germs like bacteria and fungi develop the ability
to defeat the drugs designed to kill them.

3. A nurse is preparing to administer a broad-spectrum antibiotic medication to a client. An important

nursing intervention prior to administration regarding anti-infectives is:
a. Obtaining the culture report before starting any medication.
b. Performing a culture within 24 hours after starting the medication.
c. Performing the culture for evidence before administering the first dose of the anti-infective.
d. Administering medicine, and omitting performing cultures.
ANSWER: C
RATIO It is important that registered nurses ensure antibiotics are monitored and
administered correctly.

4. A client has been on an antibiotic for two weeks for treatment of an ulcer caused by Helicobacter
pylori. The client asks the nurse why a superinfection is caused by this medication. The nurse
responds:
a. "This is a secondary infection due to "Candida."
b. "The infection has developed immunity to the current drug."
c. "The infection has become severe."
d. "The infection has a restricted group of microorganisms."
ANSWER: A
RATIO: A more recently proposed classification of oral candidiasis distinguishes primary oral
candidiasis, where the condition is confined to the mouth and perioral tissues, and secondary
oral candidiasis.

5. A client has been discharged with a prescription for penicillin. Discharge instructions includes
which of the following? a. Penicillin can be taken while breastfeeding.
b. The entire prescription must be finished.
c. All penicillin can be taken without regards to eating.
d. Some possible side effects include abdominal pain and diarrhea
ANSWER: B
RATIO: Make sure your patients know to take their antibiotics with food, preferably at
mealtimes. Many antibiotics can upset the stomach or cause gastritis, so avoid taking them
on an empty stomach.

6. An antimicrobial medication that has selective toxicity has which characteristic?

a. Ability to transfer DNA coding
b. Ability to suppress bacterial resistance
c. Ability to avoid injuring host cells
d. Ability to act against a specific microbe
ANSWER: C
RATIO: Antibiotics do not suppress bacterial resistance, but rather promote the emergence of
drug-resistant microbes. Antibiotics that are narrow spectrum are active against only a few
microbes.

7. The development of a new infection as a result of the elimination of normal flora by an antibiotic is
referred to as what? a. Resistant infection
b. Superinfection
c. Nosocomial infection
d. Allergic reaction
ANSWER: B
RATIO: When providing information regarding this drug, the nurse would be correct in stating
that tetracycline:

8. A client has been prescribed tetracycline. When providing information regarding this drug, the
nurse would be correct in stating that tetracycline:
a. Is classified as a narrow-spectrum antibiotic.
b. Is used to treat a wide variety of disease processes.
c. Has been identified to be safe during pregnancy.
d. Is contraindicated in children under 8 years of age.
ANSWER: D
RATIO Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, mouth sores, black hairy tongue, sore
throat, dizziness, headache, or rectal discomfort may occur.

9. Important information to include in the client's education regarding taking

aminoglycosides is that: a. The drug can cause discoloration of teeth.
b. Fluid intake should be decreased to prevent retention.
c. This drug primarily is given orally, because it is absorbed in the GI tract.
d. A serious side effect is hearing loss.
ANSWER: D
RATIO: Clients should be monitored for ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity during and after
therapy. Hearing loss can occur after therapy.

10. A client has been prescribed ciprofloxacin (Cipro). Important information that the nurse
must know includes:
a. This medicine must be taken on an empty stomach to increase absorption.
b. This medicine is classified as an aminoglycoside and is given for systemic bacterial
infections.
c. This medicine should be given with an antacid to increase the absorption and
effectiveness of the medicine.
d. This medicine should not be given with the ordered multivitamin.
ANSWER: D
RATIO: Fluoroquinolones should not be given with multivitamins or mineral supplements,
because they can reduce absorption of the antibiotic by as much as 90%.

11. A nursing intervention for administering sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (Bactrim) to a client is to

: a. Have the client drink a full glass of water with the medicine.
b. Have the client drink a glass of milk.
c. Have the client take the medicine with solid foods.
d. Have the client take the medicine on an empty stomach.
ANSWER: A
RATIO: This medication is a combination of two antibiotics: sulfamethoxazole and
trimethoprim. It is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections (such as middle ear,
urine, respiratory, and intestinal infections).

12. This antibiotic can have an adverse effect of dizziness, vertigo, and loss of hearing.
a. Chloramphenicol
b. Aminoglycoside
c. Vancomycin
d. Fluoroquinolones
ANSWER: B
RATIO Aminoglycosides such as gentamicin cannot be administered orally for treatment of
systemic infection because they are not absorbed from the intact gastrointestinal tract.

13. A 60 year old male patient on fourth day of his antibiotic therapy complains of dizziness and
nausea. Which is the most appropriate nursing action?
a. Institute safety precaution and raise side rails.
b. Collaborate with the doctor about antibiotic therapy’s dosage and duration.
c. Provide comfort measures.
d. Instruct client to inform you if symptoms get worse.
ANSWER: B
RATIO Antimicrobial stewardship has been defined as “the optimal selection, dosage, and
duration of antimicrobial treatment that results in the best clinical.

14. A middle-aged woman came to the ER and complains of ringing in the ears, paresthesias of the
extremities, and erythema of the back. She also noticed that she had decreased urine output. What
history of drug intake should the nurse ask?
a. Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs)
b. Antifungals
c. Vancomycin
d. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
ANSWER: C
RATIO: Vancomycin is used to treat an infection of the intestines caused by Clostridium
difficile, which can cause watery or bloody diarrhea.

15. The physician orders penicillin for a patient with streptococcal pharyngitis. The nurse administers
the drug as ordered, and the patient has an allergic reaction. The nurse checks the medication order
sheet and finds that the patient is allergic to penicillin. Legal responsibility for the error is:
a. Only the nurse’s—she should have checked the allergies before administering
the medication. b. Only the physician’s—she gave the order, the nurse is
obligated to follow it.
c. Only the pharmacist’s—he should alert the floor to possible allergic reactions.
d. The pharmacist, physician, and nurse are all liable for the mistake
ANSWER: D
RATIO: This type of prescription drug error is usually the fault of the pharmacist. It is
generally the pharmacist's job to keep track of a patient's allergies and all medications the
patient is taking (to avoid harmful interactions between more than one medication), although
your doctor should have this information as well.

LESSON WRAP-UP (5 minutes)

You will now mark (encircle) the session you have finished today in the tracker below. This is simply
a visual to help you track how much work you have accomplished and how much work there is left
to do.

You are done with the session! Let’s track your progress.