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Please Clarify The Rules For Writing .: Hamzah

1. The initial hamzah takes a seat above or below the alif depending on whether the preceding letter is saakin or madd. The medial hamzah takes a seat on the letter compatible with the stronger of the two vowels (hamzah or preceding letter). 2. The strength of the three vowels from strongest to weakest is dhamma, kasra, then fatha. The letter compatible with each is alif, ya, then waaw respectively. 3. To determine the seat of the medial hamzah, check the vowel of the hamzah and preceding letter, then make the hamzah sit on the letter of the stronger vowel. Exceptions can occur

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103 views7 pages

Please Clarify The Rules For Writing .: Hamzah

1. The initial hamzah takes a seat above or below the alif depending on whether the preceding letter is saakin or madd. The medial hamzah takes a seat on the letter compatible with the stronger of the two vowels (hamzah or preceding letter). 2. The strength of the three vowels from strongest to weakest is dhamma, kasra, then fatha. The letter compatible with each is alif, ya, then waaw respectively. 3. To determine the seat of the medial hamzah, check the vowel of the hamzah and preceding letter, then make the hamzah sit on the letter of the stronger vowel. Exceptions can occur

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DrVaniya.

com

Q&A

    


Question

Please clarify the rules for writing 


  
.

When does hamzah take a seat and when does it not take a seat?

What seat does hamzah take and why?

1
DrVaniya.com

Faḍīlat al-Shaykh Dr. V. Abdur Rahim (



) replies:

1) The initial  


It is written on the alif if it is 
 or 

  ,

e.g.: 
 ,  
and below the alif if it is 
  ,

e.g.:  .
2) The medial  
It is determined by two factors:

i) The strength of the vowel,

ii) The letter compatible with each of the three vowels.

The vowels are here arranged according to their strength, and


the letter compatible to each of them:

2
The Vowels in Order of The Letter Compatible to
their Strength: the Vowel:

• The 
  the  !.

• The "#$
 the %&%.

• The "' ( the )*.

• The  +
(absence
of a vowel)
no letter.

Three steps to determine how to write the medial   :

1) Look at the vowel of the   , and

2) Look at the vowel of the letter preceding it. Then

3) Write the   on the letter compatible with the stronger of


the two vowels.

3
Examples of Writing the Medial  

In ,
   ,
the hamzah has sukuun, and the preceding letter has fatHah.

The fatHah is stronger than the sukuun, and the letter

compatible with the fatHah is the )* .

In  . /.- ,
the hamzah is saakin, and the preceding letter is 
  .
The kasrah is stronger than the sukuun, and the letter

compatible with the kasrah is the  ! .

In 1  0 .
,
the hamzah is saakin and the preceding letter has Dammah.

The Dammah is stronger than the sukuun, and the letter

compatible with the Dammah is the %&% .

4
In 2 ./.+
,
the hamzah has kasrah, and the preceding letter has Dammah.

The kasrah is stronger than the Dammah, and the letter

compatible with the kasrah is the  ! .

In 3   &0 .
(plot),

the hamzah has fatHah, and the preceding letter has Dammah.

The Dammah is stronger than the fatHah, and the letter

compatible with the Dammah is the %&%.

In 5 4+ ,
both the hamzah as well as the preceding letter have

fatHah, and the letter compatible with the fatHah is the

)*.

5
In "3 ./.6.- (environment),

the hamzah has fatHah, and the preceding letter has sukuun.

But a saakin yaa' preceded by a kasrah is in fact a long kasrah, so


it is treated as a kasrah.

And the letter compatible with the kasrah is the  ! .

In "3 ./.6.,
the hamzah has fatHah, and the preceding letter is yaa'
preceded by a fatHah.

A saakin yaa' preceded by a fatHah resembles a kasrah, and


therefore it is treated as a kasrah.

And the letter compatible with the kasrah is the  ! .

In 5 7  8,


the hamzah has fatHah, and the preceding letter has sukuun:

5 9.  8

6
As the fatHah is stronger than the sukuun, the hamzah should

have been written on the )* like this:

5   8.
But as Arabic does not like two hefty alifs standing side by side,
it has opted for contravening the rule, and writing the hamzah
independently.

abdur rahim

Admin’s note: For detailed lessons on how to write the initial, medial and final hamzah, see Vol. 3 of the
Shaykh’s Madinah University syllabus named:

#$) ,-.
!)/   0$1  

  !
" #$!
%
& $ ! ' (  ! ) *+ )
(Download from the Advanced Library)
7

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