GAMABA

• National Living Treasures

• Awardees of Gawad sa Manlilikha ng
Bayan from NCCA (National Comission
for Cultural and the Arts
• Produce arts that are woven into
everyday life.
TEOFILO GARCIA
• San Quintin, Abra
• 2012 awardee
• Tending a plot of
land filled w/
enlarged
“upo”/gourd.
TABUNGAW HAT
 WHAT IS THE GAMABA?
(Gawad sa Manlilikha ng Bayan)
• 12 Individuals have received this distinction (1992)
R.A. 7355 until 2012
• This art recognizes the outstanding work of artists
in the Philippines.
• Emphasis on intangible & communal aspects of art
production.
• Traditional arts find deep affinities with nature,
place, society, ritual, and everyday life.
 Who are the GAMABA Awardees?
FORM MANLILIKHA NG YEAR OF ETHNICITY/ EXPERTISE
BAYAN CONFERMENT LOCATION

T’BOLI, LAKE SEBU,

S.COTABATO,
MINDANAO,
TINALAK
SOUTHERN PHILS. WEAVING
LANG
DULAY 1998
WEAVING
TAGABAWA,BAGOBO,
BANSALAN, DAVAO
DEL SUR, S.E.
INABAL
SALINTA
MINDANAO WEAVING
MONON
(d. 2009)
 MANLILIKHA NG YEAR OF ETHNICITY/ EXPERTISE
FORM CONFERMENT
BAYAN LOCATION

TAUSUG, SULU, S.
DARHATA PHILIPPINES
PIS SIYABIT
SAWABI WEAVING
(d. 2005)
2004 SAMA/TANDUBAS,
HAJA TAWI- TAWI, S.
PHILIPPINES
MAT
WEAVING AMINA WEAVING
(d. 2013)

ILOCANO/PINILI,
ILOCOS NORTE, N.
MAGDALENA 2012 LUZON, N.
INABEL
GAMAYO PHILIPPINES WEAVING
 MANLILIKHA NG YEAR OF ETHNICITY/
FORM BAYAN CONFERMENT LOCATION EXPERTISE
HANUNOO SURAT MANGYAN
MANGYAN/ & AMBAHAN
GINAW MANSALAY, POETRY
BILOG ORIENTAL
(d. 2003) MINDORO, CENTRAL
PHILS.

LITERATURE & PALAWAN/

PERFORMING MASINO 1993 BROOKES POINTS,
CENTRAL PHILS.
LYRICAL POEMS;
PLAYING THEIR
ARTS INTARAY ACCOMPANYING
INSTRUMENTS; EPIC
(d. 2013) CHANTING, STORY
TELLING

MAGUINDANAO/M
SAMAON AMASAPANO,
SULAIMAN PLAYING THE
WESTERN KUDYAPI
(d. 2011) MINDANAO, S.
PHILS.
 FORM MANLILIKHA NG YEAR OF ETHNICITY/ EXPERTISE
BAYAN CONFERMENT LOCATION

PLAYING KALINGA
KALINGA/LUBUAGA MUSICAL
ALONZO
INSTRUMENTS, DANCE
SACLAG N, N. LUZON,
PATTERN &
N.PHILS. MOVEMENTS W/
RITUALS

LITERATURE & SULOD BUKIDNON/

CALINOG, ILO-ILO,
PERFORMING
ARTS
FEDERICO
CABALLERO 2000 PANAY ISLAND,
CENTRAL PHILS.
CHANTING THE
SUGIDANON EPIC OF
PANAY, BUKIDNON

UWANG YAKAN/LAMITAN, PLAYING YAKAN

BASILAN ISLAND, S. MUSICAL
AHADAS
PHILIPPINES INSTRUMENTS
 FORM MANLILIKHA NG YEAR OF ETHNICITY/ EXPERTISE
BAYAN CONFERMENT LOCATION

KAPAMPANGAN/ SILVER PLATING

APALIT PAMPANGA, OF RELIGIOUS &
CENTRAL LUZON SECULAR ARTS
EDUARDO
MUTUC 2004
PLASTIC ARTS
ILOCANO/ SAN
QUINTIN, ABRA, N.
LUZON, N. PHILS.
GOURD
TEOFILO
GARCIA 2012 CASQUE
MAKING
 THE PRODUCTION PROCESS &
THE CHANGING ENVIRONMENT
• TOURISM
• MINING & INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS
• MILITARIZATION
• CHRISTIANIZATION
SUPPORT SYSTEM OF THE ARTS
Institutions
Organizations
Collectives
Media
Alternative Platforms
INSTITUTIONS

 Educational institutions such as school and universities offer artist training and grant
degrees and disseminate knowledge in art.
 Philippine High School for the Arts (PHSA) in LB, Laguna (visual arts, creative writing, theatre
arts, dance, and music)
COLLECTIVE AND ARTISTS ORGANIZATIONS

Composed of individuals who share

similar or related practices
The Anino Shadowplay Collective,
formed in 1996, is a group of
multimedia artists committed to
popularizing the art of shadowplay.
The Sipat Lawin Ensemble is a site-specific experimental theatre company from the
Philippines. Formed in 2008, the collective produces work in theatres, cafes, galleries,
abandoned schools, stadiums and carparks around Manila.
Non-government and academic sectors;

 The Tanghalang Ateneo

 both Filipino plays and adaptation of classic
 Teatro Tomasino
 original plays written by students
 Dulaang UP
 Both English and Filipino, original plays written by Filipinos, and even traditional sarswelas.
DANCE

Kalilayan Folkloric dance group

University of San Carlos Dance Troupe
Hiyas ng Maynilad Dance Troupe
UP Filipina Dance Group
Lyceum of Batangas Folk Dance Company
 VISUAL ARTS

 Museums are traditionally based on a collection of

objects.
 Tasked to preserve heritage for the enjoyment and
education of present and future generations.
Contemporary art exhibitions
need not be confined within
the “white cube”
environment of galleries and
museums.
MEDIUM
AND
TECHNIQUES

You are a masterpiece… 

MEDIUM
- The material, or the
substance out of which a
work is made.
- The nature of the art forms
SCULPTURE

– “Three-dimensional” art
– Metal, wood, stone, clay and
glass
– Pottery is a good example
ARCHITECTURE

– Wood, bamboo, bricks,

stone, concrete and
various building materials
– Also “three-dimensional”
PAINTING
– “Three-dimensional” art
– Metal, wood, stone, clay
and glass
– Pottery is a good example
PRINT MAKING
– Ink printed or transferred
on a surface (wood,
plates, silk screen)
MUSIC
– Uses sounds and
instruments
DANCE
– Uses body and
movements
THEATER ARTS
– Stage art
production
PHOTOGRAPHY
– Film, camera
recording
LITERATURE
– Use of words, either
fiction or non-
fiction
– Example of today is
poetry
MEDIUM
AND
TECHNIQUES

You are a masterpiece… 

TECHNIQUES
- The manner in which artists use
and manipulate materials to
achieve desired formal effect and
communicate the desired
meaning or concept.
– Filipino Struggles Through History, 1963 by Carlos Francisco
 ELEMENTS
OF
VISUAL ARTS
LINE
• Line is a mark on a
surface that describes a
shape or outline. It can
create texture and can
be thick and thin. Types
of line can include actual,
implied, vertical,
horizontal, diagonal and
contour line.
Horizontal Lines
• Horizontal lines are
lines of repose and
serenity. They
express ideas of
calmness and
quiescence..
Vertical Lines
• Vertical lines are
poised for action.
They are poised,
balanced, forceful,
and dynamic. They
express an
impression of dignity.
Diagonal Lines
• Diagonal lines
suggest action and
movement. They give
animation to any
composition in which
they appear.
Curved Lines
• Curved lines suggest
grace, movement,
flexibility, and
joyousness.
Three Main Types of Lines
• Repetition occurs
when two or more
lines are drawn within
a corner following the
lines of the corner.
Three Main Types of Lines
• Lines that are in
opposition to each
other form a
contrast.
Three Main Types of Lines
• A transition line is a
line that connects two
workflow elements.
Transition lines allow
you to define what the
next step in a
workflow will be.
 color
• COLOR is an element of art with three properties
1) Hue, the name of the color, e.g. red, yellow,
etc. 2) Intensity or the purity and strength of the
color such as brightness or dullness. And 3)
value, or the lightness or darkness of the color.
Attributes of Color
• Hue is the term for the pure
spectrum colors commonly
referred to by the "color
names" - red, orange,
yellow, blue, green violet -
which appear in the hue
circle or rainbow.
Theoretically all hues can
be mixed from three basic
hues, known as primaries.
Color Wheel
• A color wheel is an
abstract illustrative
organization of color
hues around a circle, that
shows relationships
between primary,
secondary, and tertiary
colors, etc.
Attributes of Color
• Value refers to the
lightness or darkness
of a color. It is the
quality which
depends on the
amount of light and
dark in color.
 Attributes of Color
• Tints are values Intensity refers to the
above the normal brightness or darkness of
color. It gives color strength.
• Shades are values When a hue is vivid form, it
below the normal. is said to be in full intensity.
When it is dulled, it is said to
be partly neutralized.
 Psychology of Colors

• Colors have varied psychological and emotional

connotations.
– Black is associated with death and gloom
– White stands for purity and innocence
– Red is associated with blood, anger and fear
– Green implies happiness and abundance
 Meanings of Colors Conveyed
by the Rose
•Red is for “I love you” • Red roses also mean courage
•Pink conveys “Thank you” and fortitude
•White says “You are heavenly” • Yellow roses stand for freedom
•Coral speaks of desire. • Red and Yellow stand for jovial
•White roses denote secrecy, /happy feelings
reverence and humility.
•Deep pink roses convey • Orange roses speak of
gratitude and appreciation. enthusiasm and desire
•Light pink express sympathy, • Red and White convey unity
grace and gentility
 texture

• Texture is the element

that deals more directly
with the sense of touch.
• It has to do with the
characteristics of surfaces
which can be rough or
smooth, fine or coarse,
shiny or dull, plain or
irregular.
• Perspective deals
with the effect of
distance upon the
appearance of
objects, by means of
which the eye judges
spatial relationships.
Kinds of Perspective
• Linear perspective is
the representation of an
appearance of distance
by means of converging
lines.
• It has to do with the
direction of lines and with
the size of objects.
 Linear Perspective
•Painters usually show the effect
of space and distance by using
converging lines and diminishing
size.
•Parallel lines below the eye
level seem to rise to a vanishing Foreshortening is
point in the horizon, while those the representation of
above the eye level seem to
objects or parts of
descend to the vanishing point.
the body as smaller
from the point of view
of the observer.
Kinds of Perspective
• Aerial perspective is the
representation of relative
distances of objects by
gradations of tone or color.
• Objects become fainter in
the distance due to the
effect of the atmosphere.
Objects appear to be lighter
in color as they recede into
the distance or atmosphere.
SPACE
• Space as an element of
art, refers to distances or areas
around, between or within
components of a piece.
• Space can be positive (white or
light) or negative (black or
dark),open or closed, shallow or
deep and two-
dimensional or three-
dimensional.
• Sometimes space isn't actually
within a piece, but the illusion of it
is.
Kinds of Space
• Positive space - the
areas in a work of art
that are the subjects, or
areas of interest.
• Negative space – areas
around the subjects, or
areas of interest.
FORM
• Form applies to the
over-all design of a
work of art.
• It describes the
structure or shape of
an object.
 Types of Form

• Form and shape can also be described as

either organic or geometric.
• Organic forms such as these snow-covered boulders
typically are irregular in outline, and often asymmetrical.
Organic forms are most often thought of as naturally
occurring.
• Geometric forms are those which correspond to named
regular shapes, such as squares, rectangles, circles, cubes,
spheres, cones, and other regular forms.
Organic and Geometric Forms
VOLUME
• Volume refers to the
amount of space
occupied in three
dimensions.
• It refers to solidity or
thickness.
AHSPE
RFMO
IELN
OLORC
AUVEL
ESCPA
XUTEERT
ELEMENTS OF ART
AND
PRINCIPLES OF
COMPOSITION
• Art is a beauty to behold. But a closer look will
let you realize that several components make
up the art that you are appreciating.

• The elements of art are the basic components

of art-marking. It is impossible to create a work
of art without using at least one of the seven
elements of art. In order to be successful in art
creation, an artist must be able to intelligently
use the elements of art. Artwork can also be
analyzed according to the use of the elements
in a work of art.
 LINE
• It is the foundation of all drawing. It is the first and most versatile of the
visual elements. Line in an artwork can be used in many different
ways. It can be used to suggest shape, pattern, form, structure,
growth, depth, distance, rhythm, movement and a range of emotions.
We have a psychological response to different types of lines:
• Curved lines suggest comfort and ease
• Horizontal lines suggest distance and calm
• Vertical lines suggest height and strength
• Jagged lines suggest turmoil and anxiety
The way we draw a line can convey different expressive
qualities:
• Freehand lines can express the personal energy and mood of
the artist
• Mechanical lines can express a rigid control
• Continuous lines can lead the eye in certain directions
• Broken lines can express the ephemeral or the insubstantial
• Thick lines can express strength
• Thin lines can express delicacy UP Oblation
 COLOR
• It is the element of art that is produced when light, striking an object, is
reflected back to the eye. There are three properties to color. The first
is hue, which simply means the name we give to a color (red, yellow,
blue, green, etc.). The second property is intensity, which refers to
the vividness of the color. A color's intensity is sometimes referred to
as its "colorfulness", its "saturation", its "purity" or its "strength". The
third and final property of color is its value, meaning how light or dark
it is. The terms shade and tint refer to value changes in colors. In
painting, shades are created by adding black to a color, while tints are
created by adding white to a color.
 COLOR
•It the visual element that has the strongest effect on our
emotions. We use color to create the mood or
atmosphere of an artwork.
•There are many different approaches to the use of color:
Color as light, as tone, as pattern, as form, as symbol,
as movement, as harmony, as contrast, and as mood.
COLOR
School of Design and Art
St. Benilde

Leeroy Ocampo’s
Work
River of Life
Galo Ocampo
 VALUE
•It is the lightness or darkness of a color. There are two
ways to use value, representational and non-
representational.
•In a representational painting, value plays the role of
describing three important characteristics of the subject:
Whether the subject has volume or is flat. What kind of
texture the surface of the subject has. Where the light
source is located, and how bright it is.
VALUE
VALUE

Bayanihan
Dante Hipolito

Farm Girl
Fernando Amorsolo
 TEXTURE
• It is used to describe the way a three-dimensional work actually feels
when touched. In two-dimensional work, such as painting, it may refer
to the visual "feel" of a piece. It appeals to our sense of touch, which
can evoke feelings of pleasure, discomfort, or familiarity.

Barong and Baro’t Saya Crochet Dresses Imelda Cajipe-Endaya Work

Aze Ong
 SHAPE
• There are various ways to categorize form and shape. Form
and shape can be thought of as either two dimensional or
three dimensional. Two dimensional form has width and
height. It can also create the illusion of three dimension
objects. Three dimensional shape has depth as well as width
and height.
• Geometric forms are those which correspond to named
regular shapes, such as squares, rectangles, circles, cubes,
spheres, cones, and other regular forms.
 SHAPE

Binakol T’nalak Pis Syabit

Tinggians of Abra Southern Minaanao Tausugs
 SHAPE
• In woodcarving features the sarimanok in a Maranao okir. While buildings and
houses also take many forms and shapes.
• Painting in a Cubist Style, Expressionism, or Realistic.
Stations of the Cross
Vicente Manansala

Ang Kiukok’s Work

Sarimanok Church of the Holy Sacrifice

UP Diliman
 COMPOSITION IN SPACE
• Space, as one of the classic seven elements of art, refers to the
distances or areas around, between, and within components of a
piece.
• It can be in a circular composition, town planning like Neoclassic,
dancing, houses and system of beliefs.

Bonifacio Monument Bahay na Bato

Guillermo Tolentino Spanish Town Planning
 COMPOSITION IN SPACE

Pangalay

Bahay Kubo

Number of
Staircase
 THEMES AND
SUBJECT MATTER
 SUBJECT
-refers to what
they are all about.
- “What do we
see, hear, smell,
taste or touch?"
THEME
Themes are what
connect subjects
to their social
milieu,
something that
goes beyond the
literal.

Title: Eenie Meenie Miny Mo– Medium: Acrylic on Canvas Size: 48″ X 48″ Inches–
Year: 2009 Exhibited in HK Cultural Centre
By Jun Cambel
HEROISM AND IDENTITY

RIZAL MONUMENT IN LUNETA

HEROISM AND IDENTITY

BARONG TAGALOG
HEROISM AND ECOLOGY

RIZAL MONUMENT IN LUNETA

HEROISM AND ECOLOGY

SPECIES NAMED AFTER RIZAL

HEROISM AND ECOLOGY

RACHOPHORUS
RIZALI

SPECIES NAMED AFTER RIZAL

HEROISM AND ECOLOGY

APOGONIA RIZALI

SPECIES NAMED AFTER RIZAL