Lesson 9: Performance Task
Performance Task 3.3
INERTIA IN MOTION
I. Objective: Explain Newton's First Law of Motion
II. Materials: ball, clearly-marked target (i.e., notebook paper tape or pal), tape
measure or ruler
III. Procedure:
1. Mark the starting line A and place a target about 10 meters away from it (C).
Mark B about 1m (3.28 ft) before the target and mark D 1m after the target.
2. With the ball on your hand, you are about to sprint towards the target respectively
and with a goal to drop the ball on the target. Record your predictions on table
6D.
3. Hold the ball and do not let your elbow leave your side as you sprint toward the
target and drop the ball. Do not give the ball an initial velocity; hold the ball from
its sides so that you can release freely your grip as you let it drop.
4. Record where the runner released the ball and where the ball strikes the ground.
5. Draw the best diagram for each attempt to drop the ball on the target. Specify
where the ball was released and where it actually landed
6. Repeat the experiment until the ball hits the target.
7. Repeat 2 but this time, do not sprint just run at a slower speed
8. Repeat 2 but at walking speed
IV. Drawing of the Set-up: (Take photos of your set-up then paste it here.)
V. Data and Results:
Verifying Motion Prediction
Motion Prediction Actual Remarks
(What will (What happened?)
happen?)
1. Running in After being placed The ball bounced at All that kinetic
full sprint in the target area, higher energy has to go
the dropped ball intensity/height and somewhere. A lot of
will move from one moved from one it goes back into
location to another place to another. the ball, giving it
or will bounce Afterwards, the ball more force to pop
respectively while stops moving on its back up into the air.
running at full own.
speed.
2. Running in Still, the dropped The ball bounced in The movement of
reduced ball will move from a lesser the ball remained
speed one location to intensity/height and dynamic but in a
another or will not moved slower slower state.
bounce from one place to
respectively while another.
running at a Afterwards, the ball
reduced speed. stops moving on its
own.
3. Walking After being placed The ball just There’s an activity
speed in the target area, bounced at an in motion but in a
the dropped ball average intensity or slowest state.
will move from one level. Afterwards,
location to another the ball stops
or will bounce moving on its own.
respectively but in
lesser intensity
while running at a
walking speed.
VI. Observations and Discussions:
When an object falls freely, the force of gravity works against inertia resistance
and air resistance or drag on the object. Gravity and the opposing or resistive forces of
inertia and air resistance operate on the item. The ball begins to descend due to the
force of gravity, but it does not fall straight down. This is an excellent illustration of
Newton's First Law of Motion, the Law of Inertia. According to Newton's First Law of
Motion, an object that is motionless or at rest will remain so.
VII. Conclusion
As a conclusion, Newton's first law of motion states that "an object at rest
remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion with the same speed and
direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force." Objects have a tendency to
"continue doing what they're doing." In truth, objects have a natural tendency to resist
changes in their state of motion. Inertia is the tendency of objects to resist changes in
their state of motion.
VII. Question:
1. How will you relate today’s activity with Newton’s First Law of Motion and with
inertia?
The law of inertia, commonly known as Newton's first law, states in
physics that if a body is at rest or travelling at a constant speed in a straight line,
it will remain at rest or continue to move in a straight path at a constant speed
until acted upon by a force.
2. What practical applications can this principle be applied to?
Newton's laws of motion are three fundamental rules that underpin
kinematics. These rules define the relationship between an object's motion and
the force acting on it. They are critical because they provide the basis of classical
mechanics, one of the most important fields of physics. Isaac Newton established
these rules, which he utilized to describe many physical systems and
occurrences. The following are some examples of actual uses of this principle:
After the electricity is switched off, the electric fan continues to spin. People may
slump forward as the bus abruptly stops. Furthermore, if an index card is placed
on top of a glass with a penny on top of it, the index card can be rapidly removed
while the penny falls directly into the glass due to inertia.
