SEMICONDUCTOR
ELECTRONICS,	MATERIALS,	DEVICES	AND	SIMPLE	CIRCUITS.	
1M	QUESTIONS	
1.	Name	the	type	of	biasing	of	a	p-n	junction	diode	so	that	the	junction	offers	very	high	resistance.	
2.	Name	one	impurity	each,	which	when	added	to	pure	Si,	produces	(i)	n-type,	and	(ii)p-type	semiconductor.	
3.	Draw	energy	band	diagram	of	a	p-type	semiconductor	and	n-type	semiconductor.	
4.	Name	two	factors	on	which	electrical	conductivity	of	a	pure	semiconductor	at	a	given	temperature	depends.	
5.	Draw	the	voltage-	current	characteristic	of	a	Zener	diode.	
6.	Draw	the	voltage	–	current	characteristic	of	a	p-n	junction	diode	in	forward	bias	and	reverse	bias	
7.	Give	the	ratio	of	the	number	of	holes	and	number	of	conduction	electrons	in	an	intrinsic	semiconductor.	
8.	How	does	the	energy	gap	of	an	intrinsic	semiconductor	vary,	when	doped	with	pentavalent	and	trivalent	impurities?	
9.	How	does	the	thickness	of	the	depletion	layer	in	a	p-n	junction	vary	with	increase	in	reverse	bias?	
10.	What	is	a	hole	in	a	semiconductor?	And	what	is	it’s	charge?	
11.	What	is	depletion	region	in	a	p-n	junction?	
2/3M	QUESTIONS	
1.	Explain	how	the	width	of	depletion	layer	in	a	p-n	junction	diode	changes	when	the	junction	is	forward	and	reverse	biased.	
2.	The	output	of	an	unregulated	d.c.	power	supply	is	to	be	regulated.	Name	the	device	that	can	be	used	for	this	purpose	and	
draw	the	relevant	circuit	diagram.	
3.	Show	the	biasing	of	a	photodiode	with	the	help	of	a	circuit	diagram.	Draw	graphs	to	show	variations	in	reverse	bias	currents	
for	different	illumination	intensities.	
4.	With	the	help	of	a	diagram,	show	the	biasing	of	a	LED.	Give	its	two	advantages.	
5.	Write	a	short	note	on	Zener	diode.	
6.	Explain	Photo	voltaic	cell	action.	
7.	Distinguish	between	n-type	and	p-type	semiconductor.	
8.	Distinguish	between	intrinsic	and	extrinsic	semiconductor.	
3M	QUESTIONS	
1.	What	is	an	intrinsic	semiconductor?	How	can	this	material	be	converted	into	(i)	p-type	(ii)	n-type	extrinsic	semiconductor?	
Explain	with	the	help	of	energy	band	diagrams.	
2.	Explain	(i)	forward	biasing,	(ii)	reverse	biasing	of	a	p-n	junction	diode.	
3.	With	the	help	of	a	circuit	diagram,	explain	the	use	of	p-n	junction	diode	as	a	full	wave	rectifier.	
4.	The	ratio	of	the	number	density,	of	free	electrons	to	holes,	for	three	different	materials	A,	B	and	C	are	equal	to	one,	less	than	
one	and	more	than	one	respectively.	Name	the	type	of	semiconductor	to	which	A,	B	and	C	belong.	Draw	labelled	energy	band	
diagrams	for	three	materials.	
5.	On	the	basis	of	the	energy	band	diagrams	distinguish	between	metals,	insulators	and	semiconductors.	
6.	What	is	a	rectifier?	With	the	help	of	a	labelled	circuit	diagram,	explain	the	working	of	a	half	wave	rectifier.	Draw	input	and	
output	wave	forms.	
7.	Explain	with	the	help	of	a	diagram	how	depletion	layer,	and	potential	barrier	is	formed	in	a	p-n	junction	diode.