Inn ii ☒
Eeoonnoommyy
-
11995500--9900 ! !!
Central • ☒ tennis off cann
Eteoonnoommy
1. What to I uce :-
Final combination of Goods and services
Deciding .
2. How to produce : -
Deciding Tecniques of production .
3. For whom to produce : -
Deciding Distribution of output among people .
Ttyyppess off E- eoonnoommie ssyyssttemm
1. Capitalist Economy 2 .
Socialist Economy
production production
* is
owned controlled and
operated controlled and
.
owned ,
by the PRIVATE
SECTOR
operated by the
GOVERNMENT
3. Mixed Economy
EVERYTHING
IS
MIXED .
✗
INDIA
I-III
E. eoonnoommiieppllaannnniinngg
planning for the
development of the Indian
Economy .
is called Economic Planning .
↳
major economic decisions
Making
decision of
by the conscious
a determinate authority
on a basis of a comprehensive
whole
survey of the economy as a .
Industrial Policy Resolution → 1948
and the Directive principles
Assigned a
leading role
of the Indian constitution to the Public sector .
( KTIAAIIRRMYAA # →→ Prime Minister
OF PLANNING Of India
( OMISSION
i purpose
carefully Access
the human and →→ 55
yyeeaarr Plan
→ →
--
→
Physical resources
GGOOAAKSS 001¥ 55
YYFEAARR PPKAA
First plan -7 1951 31st March 1956
5
year 1st April -
* ☒ oocdleerrnniissaattionn
Hi , g. rroowwtthn
↳ Increase in -1 New
Technology
the country 's capacity
1-
to
produce the output
of goods and service improve in the social
within the country towards
outlook
Good indicator of Growth
- -
the WOMEN .
Value of all
⑨ ☒ PP → final goods
and services
produced in
a country in
a
given year .
¢1m Self -
☒eliiicannee
↳ Promote Domestic FE
µ, iittyy
Good
Indian
and Every
should be able to
his
oorreeiggnn eeppenndleenneee
E- meet or her
stop
basic needs
canned llnntterrtteerreenncee
.
☒ ggrriieuull three
__ - __
Features or Problems
of Agriculture .
1. Low
Productivity 2. Disguised unemployment
↳ lack of knowledge
↳ More people are engaged
in work than are
really
need .
3.
High Dependency
on Rainfall .
↳ No proper irrigation
system .
4 .
Subsistence Farming
↳ Produce for self -
consumption .
Outdated
5 .
Technology
↳ Manual work was
done at the farm .
6. conflict between
Tenant and landlord .
↳ Landlords oppressed the
Tenant .
☒ookiieiiesf-oorrkrrowwtmno.lt ☒
agriculture :
1. LAND REFORMS
-
=
change
in the ownership
of landholdings .
Ii , Abolition of Intermediaries
Make Tillers .
the actual owners of
the land to increase output
and contribute to the growth of
Agriculture .
Failed as the zamindars
found some loopholes ( and
ceiling
-
µ, ,
Fixing the specified limit
of land ,
which could be
owned by an individual .
Failed due to zamindars
"
2.
GREEN REVOLUTION
-
↳
Large increase in production
- Of food grains due to use
seeds
of Hyv
.
seeds raised
tyv wonder seeds which
: -
Agricultural yield per acre
to incredible heights .
Important Effect of Green Revolution
1.
Attaining Marketable 2 .
Butter stock
surplus of Food grains
3. Benefits to low
Income
groups .
Risk involved under Green Revolution
1. Risk of Pest Attack 2 .
Risk of increase
in income
inequalities .
Critical
AAggrri.eu#oorraa1tBevvetoppmmenntci
Appraisals off
Land Reforms and Green Revolution
) were the
greatest
achievements of Indian Government
the in
agricultural .
(a) Land Reforms resulted in abolition of zamindari system .
it
population depending
on -
11117 Proportion of GDP declined ,
but not the
Around 65% of the country 's population continued to be employed in
µ,
agriculture even till 1990 .
Itnncduusttrriaal ☒ eevuelioppmmeennlt .
Resolution 1956
Industrial
Policy ,
↳ comprehensive package of policy measures
which covers various issues connected
with different industrial enterprises
of the country .
After the Industrial Policy ,
1948
I. F- faced a series of economic
and
political changes .
So , on 30th Apr 1948 .
Second Industrial Policy was adopted in India .
cckaassssiffieaatitic.mn off llnncdvussttrriiees .
t . Schedule A
↳
owned
Exclusively
by state .
17 Industries
F-9 :
-
Arms and Ammunition
Atomic energy
Heavy and core industries
Railways
2. Schedule B
↳ state will set up
these industries
and private sector
will supplement efforts
of the state .
12 industries
Aluminium
Eg
-
industries
other
mining
Machine tools
Fertilizers , etc .
c. Schedule C
↳
Remaining industries
which were to be in
sector
the private
controlled by state
through a system
of licenses .
IInncdwsstrriiaallkiieeennssi.mg
Written
permission from the Govt
to an industrial unit to manufacture
goods .
. .
→ No New industry without license
→ Backward areas : Easier to obtain
license
Promote
regional equality
.
→ Also , license needed to
Diversity and Expand .
LICENSE FOR ? ? ?
① setting up New industry
② Expansion of existing ones
③ Diver frication of products
-55*11 sseaalleetnndduusttrriieess ..
Defined with Reference to the
maximum investment allowed on
the assets of a unit .
5 lakh in 1950
→ 1 crore
Present times .
Itrnppoorrttaiintt Points
1. Employment Generation
551 are Labour intensive
therefore more
employment .
Need for Protection from Firms
2. Big .
551 could not with
Big Firms
compete
i.
Govt reserved production of a no .
of
for SSI
products .
551 concessions
were
given
Ttrraacdle
EEBB-foer.reeiig.gr ..
Includes All and
Imports Exports
to and from India .
Tagged , BBosoak.io#qq.
substitution →
§ÑÑepÑmentorm
production.gl
Import
substitution of import
{ by domestic
w____
Basic objective
→ saving of Foreign Exchange
→ Achieving self Reliance
Tariffs and Quotas
↳
£
levied
Tax
Fixing the
on imported maximum Limit
Goods on imports .
