10 TEAM SPORTS

Jonnalyn M. Zapata
11-FBS 1
1.)BASKETBALL
1.)BASKETBALL
DEFINITION AND IMPORTANCE

Basketball is a game played between two teams of five players each

on a rectangular court, usually indoors. Each team tries to score by
tossing the ball through the opponent's goal, an elevated horizontal
hoop and net called a basket. Playing basketball helps to improve
motor coordination, flexibility, and endurance. It also encourages
speed, agility, and strength. These skills are shown to have a positive
effect on promoting a healthy body weight and encouraging more
physical activity, which can enhance cardiorespiratory fitness and
self-esteem.

 1.)BASKETBALL HISTORY

HISTORY AND OFFICIALS

-The history of basketball began with its invention in 1891 in
Springfield, Massachusetts by Canadian physical education
instructor James Naismith as a less injury-prone sport than
football. Naismith was a 31-year old graduate student when
he created the indoor sport to keep athletes indoors during OFFICIALS
the winters.
-During a competitive game of basketball there are two
referees, a scorekeeper, timekeeper and a shot clock
operator. To ensure that everybody is aware of a decision
made, the referees perform a series of hand and arm signals.
 1.)BASKETBALL RULES AND REGULATIONS

1. Only five players per team on the court

2. Score more than your opponent to win.
3. Score within the shot clock.
4. Dribbling advances the ball.
5. The offense has five seconds to inbound the ball.
6. The offense must advance the ball.
7. Ball and ballhandler must remain inbounds.
8. Defenders can’t interfere with a shot on a downward
trajectory.
9. Defenders can legally block or steal the ball.
10. Defenders must leave the paint after three seconds.
RULES AND REGULATIONS 11. Each team is allotted a certain number of fouls.
12. Illegal contact results in a foul.
Basketball, as with many other sports, is made-up of 13. Illegal contact results in a personal foul
14. Excessive contact results in a flagrant foul ejection
strict, clearly defined rules and regulations. These from the game, and the opposing team receives free
rules and regulations help to ensure a smooth game throws and possession of the ball.
flow and tempo. However, understanding and 15. Charges and illegal screens result in an offensive
foul.
memorizing the various offensive and defensive 16. Certain rule violations result in technical fouls.
rules can be difficult.
2.)VOLLEYBALL
 2.)VOLLEYBALL
DEFINITION IMPORTANCE
Volleyball is a non-invasive sports game Volleyball can help circulate more
of a net type where there are two blood, oxygen, and nutrients into the
competing teams of six members who body as well as enhance your energy
control the ball with parts of their body. levels to improve your overall well-
There are both offensive and defensive being. You can also develop improved
tasks and one game event may result in hand-eye coordination and fast
both winning and losing points. reflexes.
2.)VOLLEYBALL
HISTORY
HISTORY
-Volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan,
physical director of the Young Men's Christian Association
(YMCA) in Holyoke, Massachusetts. It was designed as an
indoor sport for businessmen who found the new game of
basketball too vigorous.

OFFICIALS
-A first (or main) referee, second referee, a scorer and
OFFICIALS two line judges are required to umpire an official game of
volleyball. Just like most sports, the main referee upholds
the rules throughout the whole game and their decision is
final.
 RULES AND REGULATIONS
Stepping on or over the line on a serve.
Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully.
Hitting the ball illegally ( Carrying, Palming,
Throwing, etc. ).
2.)
Touches of the top of the net only with any part of
the body while the ball is in play. ... VOLLEYBALL
Reaching over the net, except under these
conditions:1 - When executing a follow-through.
2 - When blocking a ball which is in the opponents
court but is being returned ( the blocker must not RULES AND REGULATIONS
contact the ball until after the opponent who is
attempting to return the ball makes contact). It is very important to know the rules and
Except to block the third play.
Reaches under the net ( if it interferes with the ball
regulations in playing volleyball because: knowing
or opposing player ). the rules and regulations helps the players avoid
Failure to serve in the correct order.
giving free points to their opponent. knowing the
Blocks or spikes from a position which is clearly not
behind the 10-foot line while in a back row position. rules and regulations reduces the possibility of
A players foot may not completely cross the midline having an injury. knowing the rules and regulations
at any time. However, if the rest of the body crosses
ensures a healthy game.
it is legal unless interferes with a player on the
other side of the net.
3.)FIELD HOCKEY
 3.)FIELD HOCKEY

DEFINITION IMPORTANCE
Field hockey is a team sport of the During practice or a field hockey
hockey family. Each team plays with game, you'll likely be running up and
ten field players and a goalkeeper, and down the field constantly. This
must carry a round, hard, plastic consistent use of energy and
hockey ball with a hockey stick to the muscular strength will help develop
rival goal. The modern game was your cardiovascular system and also
developed in the 19th century in the get a ton of oxygen through your
United Kingdom. blood
 3.)FIELD
HISTORY HISTORY
The origins of the game can be traced back
to the earliest civilizations of the world,
but the modern game of field hockey was
developed in the British Isles. The modern
game was started in England in the mid
1800's and the first formal field hockey
club the 'Blackheath Football and Hockey
Club' was formed in 1861.

OFFICIALS OFFICIALS
Two on-field umpires, a reserve

HOCKEY
umpire and, in some cases, a video
umpire, will be appointed for each
match. An umpire will be appointed
in any one of these capacities as
further described below.
communication.
 RULES AND REGULATIONS
1. You may only use the flat side of your stick.
2. You must be properly attired – shin guards, mouth guards, no jewelry, etc.
3. 10 field players plus a goalie play at one time.
4. The field hockey game lasts for two 30 minute halves.
5. Substitutions – the field player must exit the field at the 50, only then can the new player step onto
the field.
6. The ball cannot go in the air, especially on free hits. This is judged by the discretion of the ref. The
exception is a shot on goal, as long as there is not a player in the direct line of the ball and no one is in
harm’s way.
7. Self –start. When taking a hit into the circle, whether it is a free hit or long hit, you cannot directly
RULES AND REGULATIONS hit into the circle. You must pass it first or carry the ball for 5 yards before hitting the ball into the
circle.
Hockey players can only hit the ball For free hits anywhere else on the field, you may either: take a direct hit, pass to one of your players, or
with the flat side of their stick. carry the ball for 3 yards before hitting it.
8. Any time a foul occurs in either team’s circle, a corner hit will be called.
Hockey players (other than the

goalkeeper) are not allowed to use Fouls

their feet, or any other parts of the 1. The ball cannot hit your feet.
body, to control the ball at any time. 2. You cannot raise your stick above your waste during regular play. If you are taking a free hit, it is
A goal can only be scored either up to the discretion of the ref.
3. You cannot tackle (go for the ball) from behind. You must face your opponent head on (shoulder to
from a field goal, a penalty corner,
shoulder) if you are fighting for the ball.
or from a penalty stroke. 4. No third party. It is one vs. one at all times. Once another player tries to go for the ball, a foul is
called.
5. Obstruction – when your back is turned to another player and you are between the ball and that
player.

3.)FIELD HOCKEY
4.)SOCCER
 4.)SOCCER
IMPORTANCE
DEFINITION
It has a lot of power to change things in life,
not just my life, but in wider society.
Association football, more commonly Football brings everyone together, it brings
known as simply football or soccer, is a smiles to people's faces, it brings races
team sport that is played between two together and more. Football is a symbol
teams of 11 players using a spherical ball. that means that everyone can- at the same
It is played by approximately 250 million time, compete and live together
players in over 200 countries and
dependencies, making it the world's
most popular sport to date
 4.)SOCCER

HISTORY

There are eight different positions for an Association football, more commonly known
officiating crew for each NFL game. There is as football or soccer, does not have a classical
the referee, umpire, line judge, side judge, history. Notwithstanding any similarities to
down judge, back judge, field judge and other ball games played around the world,
replay official. All the officials minus the FIFA has recognised that no historical
replay official are on the field during play. connection exists with any game played in
antiquity outside Europe

OFFICIALS
4.)SOCCER RULES AND REGULATIONS RULES AND REGULATIONS
Soccer's rules ensure a flowing, safe game. Offenses include using
reckless or excessive force against another person (e.g., tripping,
pushing, and grabbing), unsportsmanlike behavior, and other
Teams will be told which way they are kicking at procedural violations.
start of game.
Teams cannot score directly from a kick off. Players who commit serious offenses may be either cautioned
There is no offside (yellow card) or sent off the field (red card) by the referee,
All free kicks and corners are direct and depending on the degree of severity. Any player receiving two
yellow cards within a single game will be automatically sent off.
opposition must be 3 metres away.
Goal kicks to be taken anywhere inside penalty A player is in an offsides position if there are less than two
area. Opposition must be 3 metres away and ball opposing players between that player and the opposing team's
must leave penalty area for play to recommence. goal line. A player can not be offside when receiving the ball
Substitutions can be made at any time from the directly from a out-of-bounds restart, nor is a player offsides in
half way line. Substituted player must leave the their own defensive half of the field or if they are 'even' with the
pitch before replacement goes on. second-last player.
Compulsory line up and handshake to finish.
Games will be 10 minutes each way in duration RULES AND REGULATIONS
with a 2 minute half time
There is a 6 minute gap between each game.
Offenses result in stoppage of play by the referee and a
Teams must be ready to take the pitch as soon as
free kick to the offended team, unless stopping play
the previous match has concluded. would burden the offended team (e.g., a team is about to
A size 4 football shall be used score a goal but one of its players away from the ball is
Teams to have a matching kits in school colours pushed). When the referee allows play to continue in this
with goalkeeper having a distinctly different manner it is called playing the advantage.
coloured shirt – a bib may be used to facilitate

this differentiation Free kicks can be either direct or indirect. Direct free-
Correct equipment i.e. long socks, shin pads, kicks are awarded for more serious offenses. Indirect
football is a compulsory requirement free-kicks are awarded for more procedural offenses,
such as offsides, obstruction, or delay of game. Direct
free kicks may be kicked into the goal without the ball
touching anyone else, while indirect kicks must touch at
least one other player before a goal can be scored
5.)SOFTBALL
 5.)SOFTBALL
DEFINITION
Softball is a bat-and-ball sport
played between two teams of 10
players. It is a direct descendant of
baseball although there are some key
differences: softballs are larger than
baseballs, and the pitches are
thrown underhand rather than
overhand. Softball is played on a IMPORTANCE
smaller diamond than in baseball. Improves self-esteem: Players
involved in sports like softball
generally feel better about
themselves, both mentally and
socially. Practicing, improving
skills and gradually achieving goals
help build confidence, reduce
stress and make them more
resistant to social pressure.
 HISTORY

5.)SOFTBALL Softball began in 1887 when George

Hancock, a reporter for the Chicago Board of
HISTORY Trade, invented "indoor baseball". By the
spring of 1888, the game had spread
outdoors. It was originally called either
mushball, kittenball or indoor baseball, but
by the 1920s it had acquired the name of
softball.

OFFICIALS
OFFICIALS

Image result for softball officials and their

duties
Softball officials are known as umpires,
and each has a different responsibility
depending on where he covers the field.
The umpires must ensure the rules of the
game are followed, and there is a decisive
winner and loser based on fair play and
accurate calls based upon what happens in
the game.
 RULES AND REGULATIONS
Basic rules for scoring exist for every league that
Before pitching the pitcher shall stand firmly on the ground and directly affects actual game play. Any player should
one or both feet should touch the pitcher plate. have a clear understanding of the rules for their
The pitcher is not allowed to stop or bounce the ball in pitching
position as it may prevent the batsman from hitting the ball. specific league since slight nuance can change even
The pitcher cannot use any kind of tape on the ball. To dry hands
he can use powder resin under umpire’s supervision.
these most basic rules. Each runner must touch the
The pitch delivery shall be in an arc of six to ten feet. bases in order when advancing through the bases.
No Pitch is declared in the following cases
The ball is pitched during suspension of the game.
The runner leaves the base soon
The return pitch is made quickly

5.)SOFTBALL
The ball slips from pitcher’s hand
The pitching arc is less than six or more than ten feet
The batting team has to bat in the order given in the scoresheet.
The batsman is not allowed to prevent the catcher from catching
the ball.
A player is suspended for the current season if he or she is
involved in a fight.
If a player misbehaves with an umpire or pushes, he is ejected
from the game.
A full match consists of seven innings.
A game is completed before seven innings in the following cases
A team is ahead by 20 runs in the third innings
A team is ahead by 15 runs in the fourth innings
A team is ahead by 10 runs in the fifth innings
If the home team is ahead and one of the above conditions is met
The full duration of the game is 50 minutes.
Each team has to provide a scorekeeper.
Bats and balls are provided to the customers but they have to
bring their gloves.
The runners can leave the base after the batsman has hit the ball.
Artificial noise makers are not allowed.
6.)CRICKET
 IMPORTANCE
DEFINITION
Cricket is a thrill both to play the game and
to watch it and its importance is no less Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played
than any sporting event. The game also between two teams of eleven players
encourages team spirit, fosters discipline, each on a field at the centre of which is
helps build up character and brings out the a 22-yard pitch with a wicket at each
quality of leadership. It fosters team-spirit. end, each comprising two bails
balanced on three stumps.

6.)CRICKET
 HISTORY

Cricket was introduced to North America via the

English colonies as early as the 17th century, and
in the 18th century it arrived in other parts of the
globe. It was introduced to the West Indies by
colonists and to India by British East India
Company mariners. HISTORY

OFFICIALS
On the field of play, there are two
umpires officiating a match. One
6.)CRICKET umpire stands behind the stumps at
the bowler's end of the pitch, while
the other umpire stands at square leg.
At international level there is also a
third umpire on the sidelines and a
match referee.
OFFICIALS
 RULES AND REGULATIONS
Cricket is played between two teams each made up of
eleven players. (Sometime in junior competitions you will
find 8 player teams).
Games comprise of at least one innings where each team
will take turns in batting and fielding/bowling.
The fielding team will have a bowler bowl the ball to the
batsman who tries to hit the ball with their bat.
The fielding team tries to get the batsmen out by:
Hitting the wickets with the ball when bowling
Catching a batsman’s shot on the full
Hitting the batsman’s leg in front of the wicket (LBW)
Or hitting the wickets before the batsmen can run to the
other end of the pitch
The batmen try to score as many runs as possible before
getting out by:
Hitting the ball and running between the wickets and
6.)CRICKET

making it to the other end before the fielders can hit the
wickets with the ball. Each time you run one full length of
Using good technique in sport is the pitch it equals 1 run.
Hitting the ball to the boundary along the ground is 4 runs.
beneficial because it promotes high Hitting the ball over the boundary on the full equals 6
runs.
performance and reduces the risk of The fielding team must get 10 batsmen out before they can
injury. Players need to develop the skills change over and start batting.
The aim of the game is to score as many runs as possible
necessary to perform the movements of before the fielding team takes 10 wickets. The team with
the most runs wins.
their sport correctly.
7.)BASEBALL
 IMPORTANCE
Often referred to as America's National Pastime, baseball has
had a very active role in the shaping of this nation. From the
Civil War to Civil Rights and all points in between and beyond,
the game of baseball supports and reflects many aspects of
American life, from culture to economics and technological
advances.

DEFINITION

Baseball is a sport played between two

teams usually of nine players each. It is a
bat-and-ball game in which a pitcher
throws ( pitches) a hard, fist-sized,
leather-covered ball toward a batter on
the opposing team.
HISTORY
The history of baseball in the United
States dates to the 18th century, when
boys and amateur enthusiasts played a
baseball-like game by their own informal
rules using homemade equipment. The
popularity of the sport grew and amateur
men's ball clubs were formed in the 1830–
50s.
HISTORY

7.)BASEBALL
OFFICIALS
In a game officiated by two or more umpires,
the umpire in chief (usually the home plate
umpire) is the umpire who is in charge of the
entire game. This umpire calls balls and
strikes, calls fair balls, foul balls short of
first/third base, and makes most calls
concerning the batter or concerning
baserunners near home plate
OFFICIALS
7.)BASEBALL
The five most important basic
rules in baseball are balls and
RULES AND REGULATIONS strikes, tagging up, force outs,
tag outs, and nine players allowed
Batting order. in the lineup.
Keep the helmet on.
Strike zone.
Fair ball!
Three strikes and you're not out?
Tie goes to the runner.
Baserunning.
Tagging out.
8.)RUGBY
 IMPORTANCE
8.)RUGBY Team sports such as rugby are
particularly good for youngsters.
They not only improve fitness but
crucially develop social skills
including tolerance, leadership,
concentration, determination,
teamwork – and, of course, how to
deal graciously with success or
defeat.
DEFINITION
rugby, football game played with
an oval ball by two teams of 15
players (in rugby union play) or
13 players (in rugby league play).
Both rugby union and rugby
league have their origins in the
style of football played at Rugby
School in England.
 8.)RUGBY
OFFICIALS
HISTORY
During a competitive game of rugby,
Rugby is said to have originated at Rugby School in there is a referee and two touch judges
Warwickshire, England, in 1823 when during a game responsible for upholding the laws of the
of football, William Webb Ellis decided to pick up a
ball and go with it. Although there is very little
game. The referee's decision is always
evidence to support this theory, the Rugby World final and they have the ability to overrule
Cup Trophy is now named after William Webb Ellis. the touch judge if they consider their
decision to be wrong.
OFFICIALS

HISTORY
RULES AND REGULATIONS

No shoulder pads or helmets in rugby.

The ball must be pitched backwards to
your teammates.
There is no blocking to assist your
runner.
Everyone runs with the ball and The most basic law of the game is that

8.)RUGBY
tackles equally. no player is allowed to throw the ball
When you are tackled you have one forward to a teammate. In rugby,
second to let go of the ball and passes have to be thrown sideways or
purposely “fumble” the ball. backwards to a teammate while the
other ways to move the ball towards
the opposition's goal line to score
points is by kicking or running with
the ball
9.)DODGEBALL
 IMPORTANCE
A great form of anaerobic exercise: The
short bursts of sprinting involved in a
game of dodgeball can improve
cardiovascular health by lowering
blood pressure and pulse, improving
circulation and burning calories.

DEFINITION
Dodgeball is a team sport in which
players on two teams try to throw balls
and hit opponents, while avoiding being
hit themselves
9.)
DODGEBALL
9.)DODGEBALL
HISTORY AND OFFICIALS

Philip Ferguson is generally regarded as the

person most responsible for taking dodgeball
over to America and popularising it. He saw the
boys of St. Mary's College playing and he hit
upon an idea for the game that would make it
quicker and faster.
The head referee is responsible for the
refereeing on the court and has the final say on
all calls. The head referee may delegate
responsibilities to assistant referee such as “play
ball” scoring and timing. They will support the
head referee and take up position on the
opposite side of the court to the head referee.
9.)DODGEBALL
RULES AND REGULATIONS

Hitting an opposing player with a

LIVE thrown ball.
Catching a LIVE ball thrown by your
opponent before it touches the
ground.
A player is eliminated if they drop a
ball while attempting to make a
catch or a ball is knocked out of their The most important part of dodgeball
hand by an attacking ball. is being able to dodge the ball. When a
ball is thrown towards you, as long as
you don't go out of bounds, you can do
anything to dodge the ball. Jumping,
sliding, flipping, rolling, and ducking
are all legal to do in games.
10.) LACROSSE
10.) LACROSSE

IMPORTANCE

Competition or recreation,
the game fosters cultural DEFINITION

understanding. The Lacrosse is a team sport played with a lacrosse

tradition of lacrosse exposes stick and a lacrosse ball. It is the oldest
organized sport in North America, with its
players to different cultures,
origins with the indigenous people of North
helping to destroy America as early as the 12th century.
stereotypes through respect
and social interaction
 10.) LACROSSE
HISTORY OFFICIALS

Lacrosse was started by the Native In lacrosse, referees officiate

American Indians and was originally matches playing the men's rules
known as stickball. The game was
while umpires officiate matches
initially played in the St. Lawrence
Valley area by the Algonquian tribe playing the women's and mixed
and they were followed by other tribes rules. Both referees and umpires
in the eastern half of North America, can officiate matches playing the
and around the western Great Lakes. sixes rules.

HISTORY OFFICIALS
10.) LACROSSE
RULES AND REGULATIONS

There are 10 players allowed on the

field – 3 attack, 3 middies, 3 defenders
and 1 goalie.
For each goal in boys lacrosse, the
scoring team is awarded one point.
There can be a maximum of 4 long
poles on the field per team.
A lacrosse ball may not be touched by The objective of lacrosse, like many sports
a player's hand except by the goalie. games, is to score the most points by the
end of the game. Points are scored by
getting a small hard ball into the opponent's
net. Lacrosse players use a long stick with
what looks like a small basket on the end to
handle the ball
REFLECTION
 Every human being has to participate in sports to stay mentally and physically strong.
In every phase of life, it is very significant. Furthermore, it enhances people's
personalities. Playing sports on a daily basis helps our hearts become stronger and
keeps all of our organs functioning properly. Team sports promote social interaction
and teach participants how to think like a member of a team. Persistence, patience, and
practice are all qualities that may be applied to life lessons when playing a team sport.
Kids can build enduring friendships, communication skills, a sense of community, and
respect for their coaches and teammates via team sports participation. Sports and
games have many advantages for us since they help us develop good time management
skills, patience, discipline, teamwork, and dedication. We can strengthen and boost our
confidence by participating in sports. We can be more active and healthier if we play
sports regularly. It teaches us lessons on patience, leadership, respect, and other virtues
like perseverance. The lessons that sports offer us can aid in our growth as athletes and
as individuals in general.