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Matter Notes

Matter is everything that has weight and takes up space. It exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas. The particles that make up matter are always in motion, and their movement changes based on temperature. Heating and cooling can cause matter to change states through processes like melting, freezing, evaporation, and condensation. Water on Earth is constantly changing states as part of the water cycle, where it evaporates from bodies of water and falls again as precipitation. Changes in a substance's state are usually reversible physical changes, while chemical changes permanently alter the substance.

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511 views3 pages

Matter Notes

Matter is everything that has weight and takes up space. It exists in three states: solid, liquid, and gas. The particles that make up matter are always in motion, and their movement changes based on temperature. Heating and cooling can cause matter to change states through processes like melting, freezing, evaporation, and condensation. Water on Earth is constantly changing states as part of the water cycle, where it evaporates from bodies of water and falls again as precipitation. Changes in a substance's state are usually reversible physical changes, while chemical changes permanently alter the substance.

Uploaded by

Rayan Omer
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Thursday 17 th of February 2022 Science

Unit 11
Matter
Matter is everything has weight and occupies space.
The three known states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas.
Volume is the space occupied by an object that has length, breadth and
height.
Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
Solid:
Matter is solid if it has: a definite shape and a definite volume.
Liquid:
Matter is liquid if it has: changes its shape when you change the
container, it has definite volume.
Gas:
Matter is gas if it has: no definite shape and no definite volume.
All matter is made of tiny particles that are too small to be seen.
The particles are always moving; they have space between them.
When particles are heated, they move faster, when cooled, they slow
down.
Comparing states of matter
All matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms.
Changes of state
Heating and cooling can change a substance from one state to another
1. Melting
2. Freezing
3. Evaporation
4. Sublimation
5. Condensation
The water cycle
The water cycle is a reversible change in the states of matter.
The water on the Earth is constantly moving.
It is recycled over and over again in the form of rain, snow or ice.
It changes from rain water to clouds to rain again.
Reversible changes
Reversible changes (physical changes) do not produce any new
substance as they are not permanent changes.
For example, if you cool the water vapor, it turns back to liquid water. If
you freeze water, it changes into solid ice, and when the ice melts it
changes back to water.
Irreversible changes
Irreversible changes (chemical changes) are permanent changes. These
changes produce a completely new material.
For example, cooking food you cannot turn a boiled or fried egg back
into a raw egg.
Do you know?
Only pure water evaporates, leaving all the impurities behind, like salt in
water.

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