SCORES
A ______
B ______
EVALUATION _____
Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
REGION V
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF SORSOGON CITY
Name :_____________________________ LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET IN P.E.
Grade IX- ___________________ Grade: IX Week: 1 Quarter: I
SPORTS OFFICIATING (Common Injuries Encountered by Officiating Officials and Athletes)
I. OBJECTIVE
Identifies common injuries encountered by officiating officials and athletes and recalls basic
concepts in First Aid.
II. PRESENTATION OF THE LESSON
FIRST AID
An immediate and temporary care given to a person who has been
injured or suddenly taken ill. It includes self-help and home care if medical
assistance is not available or delayed. Objectives of first aid:
• To alleviate suffering
• To prevent added/further injury or danger
• To prolong life
Common Injury Encountered by Officiating Officials and Athletes:
SPRAIN is caused by torn fibers in a ligament. Swelling and bruising are some signs
and symptoms.
First Aid
• Remove any clothing or jewelry around the joint.
• Apply cold compress at once.
• Elevate the affected joint.
• The victim’s physician may recommend an over-the-counter
anti-inflammatory medication (aspirin, ibuprofen) appropriate for the victim’s
general health.
HEAT EXHAUSTION is a response to heat characterized by fatigue, weakness and
collapse due to inadequate intake of water to compensate for loss of fluids during
sweating.
First Aid
• Have the victim lie down with his/her feet elevated.
• Keep the victim cool.
• Give him/her electrolyte beverages to sip or make a salted drink.
• Monitor the victim for signs of shock.
• If the victim starts having seizures, protect him/her from injury and give first aid for convulsions.
• If the victim loses consciousness, give first aid for unconsciousness.
Source: Philippine National Red Cross Safety Services. (1999). Philippine Red Cross Standard First Aid.
OTHER SERIOUS INJURIES THAT REQUIRE IMMEDIATE CARE OR FIRST AID INCLUDE:
Sprains vs. Strains
A sprain is a stretch or tear of a ligament, the
band of connective tissues that joins the end of
one bone with another. Sprains are caused by
trauma such as a fall or a blow to the body that
knocks a joint out of position and, in the worst
case, ruptures the supporting ligaments.
Sprains can range from first degree (minor) to
third degree (the worst). Areas of the body
most vulnerable to sprains are ankles, knees
and wrists. Signs of a sprain include varying
degrees of tenderness or pain, bruising,
inflammation, swelling, inability to move a limb
or joint or joint looseness, laxity or instability.
A strain is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or
tendon - a cord of tissue connecting muscle to bone. It is an acute, non-contact injury that results from
overstretching or over-contraction. Symptoms of a strain include pain, muscle spasm and loss of strength.
While it’s hard to tell the difference between mild and moderate strains, severe strains not treated
professionally can cause damage and loss of function.
KNEE INJURIES
Because of its complex structure and weight-bearing capacity, the knee is
the most commonly injured joint. Each year, more than 5.5 million people visit
orthopedic surgeons for knee problems.
Knee injuries can range from mild to severe. Less severe would-be
tendinitis, patella femoral compression syndrome, iliotibial band syndrome and
bursitis, to name a few. More severe injuries include bone bruises or damage to
the cartilage or ligaments. Major injuries are common to the Anterior cruciate
ligament (ACL), Meniscus injuries, Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), Medial
collateral ligament (MCL) and the Lateral collateral ligament (LCL).
Knee injuries can result from a blow or twist to the knee, from improper landing after a jump or from
running too hard, too much or without proper warm up. Other common sports injuries suffered by athletes
are shin splints, Achilles’ tendon injuries, patella dislocation and hamstring, quadriceps and calf injuries.
Fractures
A fracture is a break in the bone that can occur from either a quick, one-time injury
to the bone (acute fracture) or from repeated stress to the bone over time (stress fracture).
The most common symptom of a stress fracture is pain at the site that worsens with weight
bearing activities. Tenderness and swelling often accompany the pain. This is very
important for the coaches to recognize and refer the athlete to the trainers or the team
physicians.
Dislocations
When the two bones that come together to form a joint become separated, the joint
is described as being dislocated. Contact sports such as football, basketball and
lacrosse, as well as high impact sports that can result in excessive stretching or
falling, cause the majority of dislocations. A dislocated joint is an emergency
situation that requires medical treatments.
III. PRACTICE EXERCISES
A. MULTIPLE CHOICE. Read each statement carefully and encircle the letter that corresponds to the
correct answer.
1. Is a response to heat characterized by fatigue, weakness and collapse due to inadequate intake of
water to compensate for loss of fluids during sweating.
a. Dislocations c. Fractures
b. Strain d. Heat Exhaustion
2. When the two bones that come together to form a joint become separated, the joint is described as,
a. Fracture c. Dislocations
b. Strain d. Punctures
3. This injury is caused by is caused by torn fibers in a ligament.
a. Sprain c. Fracture
b. Dislocations d. Fatigue
4. Is a twist, pull or tear of a muscle or tendon—a cord of tissue connecting muscle to bone.
a. Strain c. Wound
b. Laceration d. Sprain
5. Is a break in the bone that can occur from either a quick, one-time injury to the bone or from
repeated stress to the bone over time.
a. Avulsion c. Dislocations
b. Fractures d. Heat Exhaustion
B. POSITIVE/NEGATIVE. Write a positive sign (+) if the statement is correct, if it is incorrect, write a
-
negative sign ( ).
________1. Knee injuries can result from a blow or twist to the knee.
________2. First Aid is an immediate and temporary care given to a person who has been injured
or suddenly taken ill.
________3. Each year, more than 5.5 million people visit orthopedic surgeons for knee problems.
________4. The most common symptom of a stress fracture is pain at the site that worsens with
weight bearing activities.
________5. A dislocated joint is an emergency situation that requires medical treatments.
IV. EVALUATION
SEQUENCING. Arrange the following steps in applying FIRST AID to the following injuries
SPRAIN (Use numbers 1-4)
Elevate the affected joint.
Remove any clothing or jewelry around the joint.
The victim’s physician may recommend an over-the-counter anti-inflammatory medication (aspirin,
ibuprofen) appropriate for the victim’s general health.
Apply cold compress at once.
HEAT EXHAUSTION (Use numbers 1-6)
Monitor the victim for signs of shock.
Have the victim lie down with his/her feet elevated.
Give him/her electrolyte beverages to sip or make a salted drink.
If the victim starts having seizures, protect him/her from injury and give first aid for convulsions.
Keep the victim cool.
if the victim loses consciousness, give first aid for unconsciousness.
FRANKLYN D. VARGAS
LAS WRITER | Teacher III | Rawis National High School
REFERENCES:
Learner’s Material for Physical Education and Health 9
Teacher’s Guide for Physical Education and Health 9
Philippine National Red Cross Safety Services. (1999). Philippine Red Cross Standard First Aid.
Illustrations:
First Aid, Retrieved from, https://images.app.goo.gl/3gUeK5kycKNV44Rm6
Sprain, Retrieved from, https://images.app.goo.gl/Js72Jsdwrtopk1xk8
Sprain vs. Strain, Retrieved from, https://images.app.goo.gl/54N8AwttonnzrcEd7
Knee Injury, Retrieved from, https://images.app.goo.gl/NQv4tB3CcyFLhqBm8
Fracture, Retrieved from, https://images.app.goo.gl/DBYqJ8xPBtgPPw1F8
Dislocation, Retrieved from, https://images.app.goo.gl/WF1rMCgtEMLC415k6
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