Name: Mores,Labinnah P.
Date: August 31,2022
Course and Section: BSN III-D
SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS
Three main types of surgical instruments:
Cutting surgical instruments – Such as scissors, blades, knives, and scalpels.
Grasping surgical instruments – Anything you use to hold something in place, such
as forceps.
Retracting surgical instruments – For holding incisions open, or for holding organs
and tissues out of the way while you operate.
SCISSORS
Are cutting instrument with two blades joined together at a pivot point so that the
sharp edges glide against each other to shear material that is between the blades.
Mayo Scissors Mayo Straight Mayo Curve
Heavy scissors available in multiple
varieties.
Straight scissors are used for cutting suture
(“suture scissors”), while curved scissors
are used for cutting heavy tissue (e.g., fascia).
Metzenbaum Scissor Potts Smith Scissor
Lighter scissors used for cutting delicate Fine scissors used for
tissue (e.g., heart) and for blunt dissection. creating incision in blood
Also called “Metz” in practice vessels.
Iris Scissor
Used for fine dissection and cutting fine
suture. Originally for ophthalmic procedures
but now serves multipurpose role.
SCALPELS
Used for initial incision and cutting tissue. Consists of a blade and a handle. Surgeons
often refer to the instrument by its blade number.
#10 Blade: Used primarily for #11 Blade: Used for making
making large incision. precise or sharply angled incision.
e.g., in laparotomy.
#15 Blade: Smaller version of #10 blade
used for making finer incisions.
FORCEPS
Also known as nonlocking forceps, grasping forceps, thumb forceps, or pick-ups.
Used for grasping tissue or objects. Can be toothed (serrated) or nontoothed at the tip.
Allis Forcep commonly used surgical instrument. It was invented by Oscar Allis.
It is a surgical instrument with sharp teeth, used to
hold or grasp heavy tissue. It is also used to
grasp fascia and soft tissues such
as breast or bowel tissue.[1] Allis clamps can cause
damage, so they are often used in tissue about to be
removed.
Russian Forcep
Used for atraumatic tissue grasping
during dissection.
Adson Forceps
Used for atraumatic tissue grasping
during dissection.
Tissue Forceps
Non-toothed forceps used for fine
Handling of tissue and traction during
dissection.
Foerster / Ovum Forcep
Essential for gynecologic surgery.
Featuring oval tips with serrations,
the Foerster is used to hold sponges
during the procedure.The ratchet handle
helps to hold the sponges firmly.
Long Thumb Forcep
used for the manipulation and
grasping of tissues during surgery.
Thumb forceps should be held between
the thumb and index finger with a pencil
grip when in use, and in the palmed
position when not in use.
CLAMPS Also called locking forceps, these are ratcheted instruments used to hold
tissue or objects, or provide hemostasis. Can be traumatic or atraumatic.
Kelly Clamps
Larger size variation of hemostat with similar function for grasping larger tissues or
vessels.
Kelly Straight Kelly Curve
Kocher is used to grasp heavy tisue or clamp
large blood vessels to control bleeding.
Applied to more specific procedures such as
draining of the gallbladder or removal of
the thyroid.
Bobcock
finger ring, ratcheted, non-perforating forceps
used to grasp delicate tissue. They are
frequently used with intestinal and laparotomy
procedures. The jaws are circumferential, and
the tips are triangular and fenestrated with
horizontal serrations. They are particularly
useful for grasping tube-shaped structures
SUTURES
RETRACTORS
Retractors are used to hold an incision open, hold back tissues or other objects to
maintain a clear surgical field, or reach other structures. They can either be hand-held
or self-retaining via a ratcheting mechanism.
Army Navy Retractor
Used to gain exposure of skin layers.
Weitlaner Retractor
Selfretaining for exposing deep or smaller
surgical sites. Also called “Wheaty.”
Richarsaun Retractor
Used to hold back deep tissue structures.
Also called “Rich.”
Malleable Retractor
Can be bent and customized. Also used
to protect intestines during abdominal closure.
Rake Retractor
Hand-held retractor with sharp teeth
used to hold back surface structures.
Deaver Retractor
Used to hold back the abdominal wall.
SUCTIONS
Suction tips, combined with a suction source, help to remove debris and fluid from the
surgical field. It can also be used to clear surgical smoke
Yankauer Suction Tube: Used primarily for surface suction and some intra-
abdominal suction.
Poole Suction Tube: Used to remove large amounts of fluid from the surgical field,
as well as intra-abdominal suction
Frazier Suction Tip: Used primarily in ENT and
neurosurgery. Usually angled.
