REVIEWER IN E.A.P.

ACADEMIC WRITING

Academic Writing is the process of breaking down ideas and using deductive reasoning, formal
voice and third person point-of-view.

ACADEMIC TEXT embodies the language that is used for academic discipline.

NON-ACADEMIC TEXT are writings that are informal and dedicated to a lay audience.
They are usually on general topics and use casual or colloquial language, and may contain the
writer's personal opinions.

PARTS OFACADEMIC TEXT:

1. Title Page – provides information regarding the title, author and type of work.
2. Abstract or Summary – provides brief account of the main content of an academic
paper.
3. Table of contents – knows niu n pu cguru. Gives an opportunity to show the idea of what
an academic paper is about in an early stage.
4. Introduction – it is a soft start and orientation to engage the context of the academic text.
5. Background – gives the necessary background information
6. Aim and Issue – provides the terms of reference of academic paper.
7. Theoretical Framework – defines the key concepts, discusses relevant theories and
models based on the literature review.
8. Method – provides the methodological of the paper.
9. Result, analysis, and discussions – involves the result of the study and its analysis and
discussion.
10. Closure – a summary or concrete conclusion about the issue and questions.
11. List of references – acknowledges the contribution of other writers and researchers in
your work.
12. Appendices – contains supplementary materials that may be helpful in providing a more
comprehensive understanding of the academic paper.

COMMON TEXT STRUCTURES

DESCRIPTIVE – features detailed description of something to give the reader a mental picture.

Signal words – characteristics are, to illustrate, also, one example, in addition

CAUSE AND EFFECTS – presents the casual relationship between a specific event, idea or
concept, and the events that follow.

Signal words – as a result of, because of, thus, for this reason

COMPARISON AND CONTRAST – examines the similarities and differences.

Signal words – lie, in contrast, similar to, while as oppose to, whereas

ORDER/SEQUENCE – chronological of events or a list of steps in procedure.

Signal words – first, second, last, next, then, before, another

PROBLEM AND SOLUTION – sets up a problems, explains the solution and then discusses
the effects of solution.

Signal Words – the problem is, the solution is, the difficulty is

THESIS STATEMENT

is a sentence that states the topic and purpose of your paper.

Argumentative Thesis Statement: Making a Claim

Analytical Thesis Statement: Analyzing an Issue

Explanatory Thesis Statement: Explaining a Topic

SUMMARIZING helps you learn to determine ideas and consolidate important details that
support them.

Simple Steps in Summarizing Text:

1. Read the text comprehensively

2. Write the main statements
3. List down supporting ideas
4. Create a summary
5. Adjust summary as needed

OUTLINING
Outline is a written plan that serves as a skeleton for the paragraphs you write. It is a summary
that gives the essential information that will be included in a paper, book, etc.

Outlining is a means of “mapping out” your essay. It is a tool that allows you to arrange and
organize your ideas as well as looking at the possible structure of your output. (The Writing
Center, 2020)

WRITING OUTLINE – is what you make before you write an essay.

READING OUTLINE – is what you make when you are studying a paper.

Formats of Outlines:

1. Topic Outline – this is the type of outline that highlights the main ideas through the use
of words or phrases only.
2. Sentence Outline – this type of outline arranges the main ideas through the use of full
sentences. This is usually done after the topic outline is created.

TWO OUTLINING SYSTEM;

1. Decimal Outline – ideas are organized through number.

2. Alphanumeric Outline – ideas are organized through letters and numbers.

ABSTRACT a summary of points (as of a writing) usually presented in skeletal form

also : something that summarizes or concentrates the essentials of a larger thing or several thing.

CRITIQUE is a genre of academic writing that summarizes and critically evaluates a work or
concept. Critiques can be used to carefully analyze a variety of works such as:

a. Creative Works – novels, exhibits, film, images, poetry

b. Research – monographs, journal articles, systematic reviews, theories
c. Media – news reports, feature articles

Four main parts of Critique Paper:

1. Introduction – this part includes the name of the writer or creator of the work, the name
of the work being reviewed, the date it was written or created and its purpose.
2. Body ( Summary and Critical Evaluation) – Summary includes the summary of
important points and description on how the creator portrays their work by using
techniques, styles, media, characters or symbol. Critical Evaluation gives a systematic
 and detailed assessment of the different elements of work. Provide evidence from the
work itself, such as a quote or example and the evidence should be cited.
3. Conclusion – a brief paragraph that includes a statement indicating your overall
impression of the evaluated work, a summary of the key reasons, identified during critical
evaluation.
4. List of References – includes all the resources you cited in your critique paper.

Critical Approaches to the Literature

1. Formalist Criticism – “a unique form of human knowledge that needs to be examined

on its own terms”. Formalist critics primary goal is to determine how such elements work
together with the text’s content to shape its effects upon readers.
2. Biographical Criticism – focuses on explicating the literary work b using the insight
provided by knowledge of the author’s life.
3. Historical Criticism – “seeks to understand a literary works by investigating the social,
cultural, and intellectual context that produced it-a context that necessarily includes the
artist’s biography and milleu”.
4. Gender Criticism – “examines how sexual identity influences the creation and reception
of literary works”.
5. Psychological Criticism – reflects the effect of modern psychology
6. Sociological Criticism – “examines literature in the cultural, economic, values and
political context in which it is written or received, “exploring the relationships between
the artist and society.”
7. Mythological Criticism – “the recurrently universal underlying most literary works’.
8. Reader-Response Criticism – “to describe what happens in the reader’s mind while
interpreting a text”.
9. Deconstructionist Criticism – fundamentally unstable medium-the words
10. Marxist Criticism – social, political, and economic.

REACTION PAPER

1. Introduction – gives all the background information, such as the type of the film, cast
and the director, main characters, and the setting.
2. Body – deals with the key elements as well as the comments on the acting, directing and
character development.
3. Conclusion – is the opinion of the author about whether the film is worth watching.

CONCEPT PAPER – is a document used to convince a panel of potential funders to help a

product, program, or service become a reality.

ELEMENTS OF CONCEPT PAPER AND ITS DEFINITION:

INTRODUCTION – states your mission and vision and a brief introduction of your project/
campaign.

PURPOSE – presents the reason why the project/campaign is worth your sponsor’s time, effort
and money.

DESCRIPTION – details all the necessary information about the project. Involves the website/s
or page you are going to produce and the purpose of each and how they work unison.

SUPPORT – contains the budget needed for the project, though some concept papers do not
specify any amount requested from the sponsor.

CONTACT INFORMATION – gives information on how the group be contacted.

THREE WAYS IN EXPLAINING A CONCEPT PAPER:

1. Definition – usually forms the core of concept paper. Their components are being
defined, the class it belongs to, and its distinguishing characteristics.

2. Explication – also known as exegesis. Explication is a method of explanation in which

sentences, verses, quotes, or passages are taken away from a literary or academic work
and then interpreted and explained in a detailed way.

3. Clarification – to clarify is to make something more clearer and easier to understand.