Political Parties in Pakistan

Submitted by
QADAR NAWAZ
Roll No: 18105
Reg No: 118-Pol.Science-18
Supervised by
FAWAD ALI LOHANI

Department of Political Science

By

QADAR NAWAZ

A Report submitted to the Department of Political Science Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan
in partial fulfillment of requirement for the degree of

BS Political Science

(Supervisor)
Fawad Ali Lohani
Department of Political science
Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan

(HOD)
Dr. Robina Khan
Department of Political science
Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan
 List of Contents

Description
1. Introduction
2. Brief Overview of Political Parties
 Meaning of Political Parties
3. Political Parties in Pakistan
4. Causes of Hereditary politics in Pakistan
i. Nominal Intra Party Election
ii. No Practical Shape of Ideology
iii. Dictatorship Mind Set
iv. Feudal System
v. Unawareness among General Masses
vi. No Vision
vii. Colonial Causes ancentral Ruling
viii. Nationalism
ix. Financial Corruption
5. Conclusion

6. References
Chapter 1

Introduction

A political party is a group of like minded people who hold similar views on

political issues of the country.

It is an organized group they seeking to gain power through democratic way.

In pursuit of this objective political parties field their candidates in the

election held for the public offices of the country.

A political party is an organized group of people or bodies who seek to

capture political power through an election in order to run the affairs of a

country. It often puts forward candidates for public office. In a democracy,

leaders must "run for office" in an election.

 It gives people a choice to make a more evolved and effective decision.

Moreover, it drives the other political parties to get better than their competitors

to win elections and rule the nation. So, this is the basic backdrop of political

parties.
Chapter 2

Meaning of Political Party

A political party is a group of people who aim to attain power in governement

through the elections in other words.

It is the group of people with similar policies and programmes who come together

to contest elections and hold power in the government.

Political Parties have their own idealogy and vision for the society or state.They

formulate various policies and programmes for the society. They work for the

collective public interest. They are agree on the same agenda programmes and

policies for the betterment of the society with a view to promote collective goods.

A political party basically, is a group of people. These people come together to

contest elections in order to hold power in the government. It is a way to mobilize

voters to support common sets of interests, concerns, and goals. The primary role

of the political party is to fix the political agenda and policies. So, each party tries

to persuade people by claiming their policies are better than those of other parties.

A political party is a means via which the people can speak to the government and

have a say in the governance of any country.

Political Parties in Pakistan

The Cultural history traditions of each region are different . Pakistan has also a

special history before independence. There was a monardy and there was a single

form of government in it , That is the entire system of the state was in the hand of

one person and that person ruled for a long time.

After that the son and then his son continued this process in the same way. That is

he did not have enough political and administrative skills and qualification to rule

the empire with a specific experience in Political and country-Affairs, but he got

the monarchy through inheritance and in this way the culture of one person

rulership was transfer to their grand son by the ancestor.

This history has made a lot of impact on this region. When democracy is

implemented in pakistan and different parties formation are started, so people start

attributing from these parties to a particular personality then slowly and gradually

the democratic parties become hereditary party because of this process and

mindset.

The party leader are used to have a lot of influence in the party and all the worker

looked at him with great respect and they also attached him a special status. After

his death if he had any children, he was immediately made the head of the party
and the party worker consider that he had made enough efforts for democracy of

our country. So their family has the right on the this seat. If we talk about the

political parties of pakistan except of few then all the other political parties are

hereditary. The leaders of this political parties thinks that if this position is taken

away from us then our influence on the party will be ended and the power of this

country will not come in our hands.

The second reason is that an ordinary worker cannot commet corruption in the way

as a party leader.Therefore all the poitical parties of pakistan do not want the

power of our party to be handed in other hands.

Political parties in pakistan are able to participate In the electoral process large

and small parties as well as independent candidates. Complete the ndependent and

provincial election are fumction in parliament. There are 182 political parties

registered with election commission of Pakistan and there are 1200 candidates of

these parties participating in the elections.

 Pakistan Muslim League (N)

 Pakistan Tehreek e insaf

 Pakistan People Party

 Muttahida Qaumi Movement

 Awami National Party

 Jamit Ul Ulama (F)

Causes of Hereditary Politics of Pakistan

a) Nominal Intra Party Election

All political Parties in Pakistan have internal party election but there are

nominal election which are coducted infact all the position are restricted to their

relative. When the positions are up to their relatives then the party is turn into

hereditary politics rather than democracy.

Due to non-democratic culture the merits are lossed and the low competant and

unexperience people did not have the oppurtunity to come ahead in politics.

b) No Practical Shape of Ideology

All the political parties of pakistan have ideologies but they are not in practical

form, the main reason for this is that if they will make in practical than the

awareness will be created among the people. People will be able to ask

questions about the policies made in their interest. People will go against of

their interest.

So therefore they don’t implement their party manifest to but they only use it to

mislead people or to get peoples sympathy. So that the general masses can be
deprived and not aware because tey donot want to lose their legtimacy in their

party.

C ) Dictatorship Mind Setup

As we have mentioned above that nominal intra party elections are conducted in

all the political parties of pakistan. But infact the party leader appoints himself

as a party leader for life time because there is no such specific rules and

standards with in the party and no one can challenge his decisions. So he take

decisions according to their will or their own interest due to this mindset he

become a self made dictator and limits his leadership to his family.

D ) Feudal System

In any country, if there is lack of industries. There will be feudal system so the

feudal class come forward and takes control of the power. Than they make such

policies that are only in their favor.Because they do not want to make those

policies which starts factory competition between different peoples because if

different peoples comes in the power from different fields of the state.

They would make such laws and policies which will be in the benefits of

masses and it would be helpful to ruin the feudal rules slowely and gradually

ended the heridetary system of rulership automatically.

The head of the party has his own interests and he never wants political

conciousness to come in the people because if political conciousness come in the

people than they will start questioning and people will identify their rights and

duties and can challenge any policy of the party leadership.

Therefore party leader keep their worker in the dark so that they never raise

question about their interest policies.

F ) No Vision

The democratic system of government meets with the different parties and these

parties take parts in the election under one goal and one vision. when they come to

power they are unable to implement their idea in practical because here the

political parties only makes fake promises to the peoples and make political

slogans to achieve their goals. If they bring any change in real or bring n particular

laws and policies and regulations in their party then the people will start to get

political sense and after that the people demand to implement their agenda in

practical.

Therefore the politician does not want to turn the worker against his policies and

rulership. Since the leader is one who brings a thought, idea and motto but the
hereditary leader inherits to this position. Therefore they do not understand these

things nor do they want to understand the problems to the people.

G ) Colonial Causes ancestral ruling

This region has been ruled by the british for a long time and the british have ruled

these people with their policies and cruel rules and have used these people for their

own purpose in building their strong economy. They haven’t taken any sort of

interest to build a strict and managable laws and regulation for the PAK-INDO

people so they can get benefied and improve their financial and social growth rate.

The education culture and political consciousness that the british have given to the

people is like a slavery. After the british empire in hindustan neither our education

system policies and neither our industrial sector policies for the better growth in

GDP has take place. The people of the area have no freedom of thought to build

their socioeconomic policies for the boosting of their growth.

H ) Nationalism

If we look at the history from the begining, nationalism has had a lot of influence

on the policies of pakistan. Every politician uses the slogans of nationalism to

make his politics shine so they can get the sympathy of people and a good output

in the form of Vote Bank.

benefits. The slogan is for the whole nation. It has many disadvantages first it

creates division in the country and also create the atmosphere of hatred among

different other nations.

Later these people who have inherited the party. And take

advantages of it. Even they are united but their worker are quarreling with each

other so therefore the entire fault of nationalism the democratic politics lies with

hereditary political parties who only care about wealth and when there is personal

interest they raise the slogan of nationalism. They never think about the national

interest.
I ) Finance Corruption

A political party is funded by different capitalists in the name of party head they

think that people send money in my name and I only have the right on it. Thus he

started money laundring and transfer these amount to the other states in their own

interest using different poor peoples profile and documentation.

They do not use the money of this fund for the benefits of workers and he started

corruption here at the lower level and when this people come to power they start

corruption at the next level because the matter of money lundring have now

transfer into them as a hereditary Chart.

Conclusion

Political parties play important role in democracy without political parties there is

in simpke way dictatorship.Democracy is not fruitful without political parties.

Political parties in develop countries are very strong. Their leadership,their

democratic culture and free from corrupt politicians but in my research we

concluded that the political parties in pakistan have many obstacle.

The most important is inner democracy in the party.So there is no democratic

culture in pakistan political parties like ;

 PPP form Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto to Bilawal Bhutto Zardari.

 PMLN from Nawaz Sharif and Shahbaz sharif to Maryum Nawaz and

Hamza shahbaz.

 JUI from Mufti Mahmood to Asad Mehmood.

 ANP from Bacha Khan to Aimal Wali Khan.

Therefore no other political leader take seats of the chairmanship in these

parties.All are related to Bhutto family,Nawaz family,Mufti mahmood family leads

parties to undemocratic corruption and leadership crisis.

people here follow the old ways. The lack of education among the people is also a

major reason. The eduction system has been built in such a way that it pays more

attention to destiny and individuality instead of creating self confidence and

collective thinking.

The region has been under the slavery of british for a long time. It has also had a

lot of effects and until today their policies are being experienced by their political

method and we are not conscious enough to find another way to make an

improvement in our system.

Here a few big landlords have taken control of the country politics from the

beginning. These landlords are also the leaders of political parties. They have made

policies of the country that are only in their interest. When the policies are their

favor the entire system of the country goes into their hands.

The common people cannot go against them and can’t raise questions on their

policies.Therefore Political parties means bring people under a certain thought and

idealogy but here political parties in pakistan mean to serve and menupolize a

family.
Chapter 6

References

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