Scribd
Upload
111 views2 pages

Algebra

This document provides definitions and examples of common symbols used in algebra. It lists symbols such as =, ≠, ∝, ∞, (), [], {}, ∑, ∏, π, and their meanings. For example, = means equal, x is an unknown variable, () indicates operations inside should be calculated first, ∑ represents summation, and π is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. It also defines symbols and concepts in linear algebra such as × for vector product, ⟨x,y⟩ for inner product, det(A) for matrix determinant, and T for matrix transpose.

Uploaded by

Coleen Jhoy Siete
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
111 views2 pages

Algebra

This document provides definitions and examples of common symbols used in algebra. It lists symbols such as =, ≠, ∝, ∞, (), [], {}, ∑, ∏, π, and their meanings. For example, = means equal, x is an unknown variable, () indicates operations inside should be calculated first, ∑ represents summation, and π is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter. It also defines symbols and concepts in linear algebra such as × for vector product, ⟨x,y⟩ for inner product, det(A) for matrix determinant, and T for matrix transpose.

Uploaded by

Coleen Jhoy Siete
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Algebra 

is a part of mathematics which deals with symbols and the rules for manipulating those
symbols. In algebra, those symbols represent quantities without fixed values, called as variables.
Just how sentences describe relationships between specific words, in algebra, equations describe
relationships between variables. Math can be difficult for a lot of people out there. However, it is
crucial to recognize the important mathematical symbols with names, used in algebra.
Algebra Symbols With Names

Let’s explore the names of common algebra symbols used in both basic algebra and more
advanced levels.
Symbol Symbol Meaning/definition Example
Name

≡ equivalence identical to

x x variable unknown value to find when 2x = 4, then x = 2

:= equal by equal by definition


definition

≜ equal by equal by definition


definition

≈ approximately approximation sin(0.01) ≈ 0.01


equal

~ approximately weak approximation 11 ~ 10


equal

∞ lemniscate infinity symbol

∝ proportional to proportional to y ∝ x when y = kx, k constant

≫ much greater than much greater than 1000000 ≫ 1

≪ much less than much less than 1 ≪ 1000000

[] brackets calculate expression inside first [(1+2)*(1+5)] = 18

() parentheses calculate expression inside first 2 * (3+5) = 16

⌊x⌋ floor brackets rounds number to lower integer ⌊4.3⌋= 4

{} braces set

x! exclamation mark factorial 4! = 1*2*3*4 = 24

⌈x⌉ ceiling brackets rounds number to upper integer ⌈4.3⌉= 5

f (x) function of x maps values of x to f(x) f (x) = 3x+5

| x | single vertical bar absolute value | -5 | = 5

(a,b) open interval (a,b) = {x | a < x < b} x ∈ (2,6)

(f ∘g) function (f ∘g) (x) = f (g(x)) f (x)=3x, g(x)=x-1 ⇒(f ∘g)(x)=3(x-1)


composition

∆ delta change / difference ∆t = t1 – t0

[a,b] closed interval [a,b] = {x | a ≤ x ≤ b} x ∈ [2,6]

∑ sigma summation – sum of all values in ∑ xi= x1+x2+…+xn


range of series

∆ discriminant Δ = b2 – 4ac

∑∑ sigma double summation ∑j=12∑i=18xi,j=∑i=18xi,j+∑i=18xi,2

e e constant / e = 2.718281828… e = lim (1+1/x)x , x→∞


Euler’s number

∏ capital pi product – product of all values in ∏ xi=x1∙x2∙…∙xn


range of series

γ Euler-Mascheroni γ = 0.527721566…
constant

π pi constant π = 3.141592654… c = π·d = 2·π·r


is the ratio between the
circumference and diameter of a
circle

φ golden ratio golden ratio constant

Also Read,

 Algebra as a Pattern
 Algebra Expression and Equations
 Algebra Formulas
Linear Algebra Symbols with Words

Symbol Symbol Name Meaning/definition Example

× cross vector product a × b

∙ dot scalar product a ∙ b

⟨x,y⟩ inner product


<

A⊗B tensor product tensor product of A and B A ⊗ B

[] brackets matrix of numbers

() parentheses matrix of numbers

det(A) determinant determinant of matrix A

| A | determinant determinant of matrix A

A T transpose matrix transpose (AT)ij = (A)ji

|| x || double vertical bars norm

A † Hermitian matrix matrix conjugate transpose (A†)ij = (A)ji

A -1 inverse matrix A A-1 = I

dim(U) dimension dimension of matrix A rank(U) = 3

rank(A) matrix rank rank of matrix A rank(A) = 3

You might also like