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Eye Anatomy for Medical Students

The eye is capable of receiving visual images and sending them to the brain for interpretation. It has a spherical shape and is divided into anterior and posterior chambers. The posterior chamber contains vitreous humor and gives the eye its shape, while the anterior chamber contains aqueous humor. Light enters through the cornea and pupil, passes through the lens, and is focused on the retina. The retina contains rod and cone cells that convert light signals to electrochemical signals sent to the brain via the optic nerve.

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GOUTAM KUMAR GHORAI
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173 views1 page

Eye Anatomy for Medical Students

The eye is capable of receiving visual images and sending them to the brain for interpretation. It has a spherical shape and is divided into anterior and posterior chambers. The posterior chamber contains vitreous humor and gives the eye its shape, while the anterior chamber contains aqueous humor. Light enters through the cornea and pupil, passes through the lens, and is focused on the retina. The retina contains rod and cone cells that convert light signals to electrochemical signals sent to the brain via the optic nerve.

Uploaded by

GOUTAM KUMAR GHORAI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Anatomy of eye:

The eye is a specialized sense organ capable of receiving visual images and sent to brain for interpret
the image. In human body having two eyes, although they are bodily separate but work in
coordination to visualize and interpret the image. One eye can visualize but can not judge correctly
speed, distance, and 3D image.

The eye receives light (Electromagnetic signal) from images, converts it to an electrochemical signal,
and then sends it to the brain. The shape of the eyes is almost spherical of diameter 205
centimeters. Eyeball are divided into two parts one is the anterior part about the one-sixth portion
of the eyeball, remaining is the posterior part. The Posterior part is located inside the orbital cavity.
A cushion made by adipose tissues is present between eyeball and the bonny structure of the orbital
cavity to prevent the eyeball from any injury, The eyeball is attached to the orbital cavity by ocular
muscles by which the eyeball can rotate. The posterior chamber of the eyeball filled by a jelly-type
transparent fluid is called Vitreous humor which provde almost spherical shape of eye. The anterior
chamber of eyeball is filled with transparent fluid called Aqueous humor.

Mechanism: Light of image first strike on cornea, Cornea refracts the light ray than light rayes pass
through the puple .Puple control the amount of light incident on the lens by controlling the aperture
of the pupil. The Lens further refracting the light and focus on the ratina. The lense adjust the focus
point on ratina by changing its refracting power. The adjustment of refracting power due to changing
the lens thickness by means of elongation or contraction of suspensory ligaments. Suspensory
ligament attached between lense and ciliary body.The focused light rayes of image stimulate photo
sensory element i.e. rod and cone cell. This rod and cone cells convert this light signal to
electrochemical signal. The electrochemical signal goes to brain through optical nerve . Then brain
interprete the signal as image of the objet.

Important part of Eye:

Wall of Eye:

The wall of Eye made by three layers of tissues. They are

i)Outer fibrous made by comparatively hard tissue and protect the eye.In the posterior part of the
eye this layer progresses laterally with white colour called sclera. This layer at the anterior part
forms a transparent epithelium membrane called cornea.

ii)Middle vascular layer or Uval track is just below the outer fibrous layer red in coloure. This layer is
rich with blood vessels that provide nourishment to the eye. Uval track is constitute by mainly three
parts i.e. Choroid,Ciliary body and Iris. In posterior part this middle vascular layer is called Choroid
and its extended portion in anterior portion form ciliary body,again elongated part of the ciliary body
form Iris.The center of iris form an aperture called Puple through which opening light rays is incident
on the eye lens

iii)Inner nervous tissue layer: The inner most layer of the eye form the Ratina. Ratina is made by
photosensory receptors i.e. rod and cone cells. rod and cone cells are receive light signal and
convert to electrochemical signals. This electrochemical signal reaches the brain via the optical
nerve.

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