TERMINOLOGI ANATOMI
Anatomical terminology
➢ Based on ancient Greek or Latin
➢ Provides standard
nomenclature worldwide
Anatomical position
• Descriptions of any region or part of the human
body assume that it is in a standard position of
reference called the anatomical position
• This is the position from which all directions
and descriptions are made
Posisi anatomi
• Posisi badan berdiri tegak
• Arah pandangan wajah menghadap lurus ke depan
• Posisi telapak tangan menghadap ke depan
• Telapak tangan berada di samping badan atau
sejajar dengan samping tubuh
• Arah ibu jari menjauhi garis tengah tubuh
• Kedua kaki lurus ke depan dan sejajar
Regional Names
The principal regions are the head, neck, trunk, upper
limbs, and lower limbs
▪ The head consists of the skull and face
▪ The neck supports the head and attaches it to the
trunk
▪ The trunk consists of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis
▪ Each upper limb attaches to the trunk and consists
of the shoulder, armpit, arm (portion of the limb
from the shoulder to the elbow), forearm (portion of
the limb from the elbow to the wrist), wrist, and
hand
▪ Each lower limb also attaches to the trunk and
consists of the buttock, thigh (portion of the limb
from the buttock to the knee), leg (portion of the
limb from the knee to the ankle), ankle, and foot
AKSIS ATAU SUMBU
Terdapat tiga aksis penting yang perlu diketahui dalam
mempelajari gerakan terhadap sendi. Aksis tersebut
biasanya melalui pergerakan terhadap sendi.
1. Aksis Longitudinal, Adalah aksis panjang tubuh yang sesuai
dengan aksis panjang tulang yang berjalan vertikal bila tubuh
dalam posisi tegak
2. Aksis Transversal/Horizontal, adalah aksis yang berjalan tegak
lurus dengan aksis longitudinal dan berjalan dari kiri ke kanan
3. Aksis Sagital, adalah aksis yang berjalan dari permukaan
belakang ke permukaan depan tubuh dengan arah panah
sagital dan tegak lurus dengan kedua lainnya.
Body Planes and Sections
when such a plane passes through the midline of the
body or an organ and divides it into equal right and left
sides, it is called a midsagittal plane or a median plane
A frontal or coronal plane divides the body or an organ
into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions.
A transverse plane divides the body or an organ into
superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.
Directional Terms
To locate various body structures,
anatomists use specific directional
terms, words that describe the position
of one body part relative to another.
Several directional terms are grouped in
pairs that have opposite meanings.
Tentukan arah pada struktur berikut ini
• Lengan atas ………………… terhadap sumbu badan
• Lengan bawah …………………… terhadap sumbu badan
• Mata ……………………… terhadap hidung
• Mulut ………………………. terhadap mata
• Telinga …………………….. terhadap mata
• Jari manis ………………………… terhadap ibu jari
• Jantung ……………………………. terhadap tulang rusuk
Arah gerakan dalam anatomi
