KAMALNAYAN BAJAJ NURSING COLLEGE,
AURANGABAD
WASTE DISPOSAL UNIT
SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
Mrs. Shraddha Gaikwad Mr. Yash Chavan
Clinical Instructor IInd Year BBSC
Kamalnayan Bajaj, Kamalnayan Bajaj,
Nursing college, Aurangabad Nursing college, Aurangabad
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INTRODUCTION
Biomedical waste is defined as any waste, which is generated diagnosis, treatment or
immunization of human beings or animals.
Aims: at the end of waste disposable unit visit, students are able to know about waste
disposable, amount of waste generated by hospital, hazards related to poor waste
managements, clarification of waste & methods of sterilization and disinfection.
Specific Objectives:
1. To understand the quantum of waste generated by a hospital.
2. To recognizes hazards with poor health care waste management.
3. To state the classification of BMW according to 8 categories and know
methods of disposal.
4. To know the colour coding and containers for disposal of BMW
5. To explain rules & regulations governing the disposal of this wastes.
6. To understands the responsibilities of health care institution regarding BMW
management.
7. To enumerate different methods disinfection, sterilization and waste disposal.
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1. To understands the quantum of waste generated by a hospital.
Hospitals produce more than 5 million longs of waste each year. Hospitals
generate over 29 pounds of waste per bed per day. Many hospital wastes is generated
like waste sharps include potentially continued used needles, scalpels, lancets and
other diseases capable of penetrating them. Premedical waste is generated from
Biological and medical sources and activities, such as the diagnosis, preventive or
treatment diseases.
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2. To recognizes hazards with poor health care waste management
-Health care waste contains potentially harmful microorganism that can infect
hospitals patient’s health can workers and the general public.
a. Radiation Burns.
b. Sharps – infected injuries.
c. Poisoning & pollution through relates of pharmaceutical drugs.
d. It is Genotoxic
The terms health care waste includes all the waste generated within health
care facilities between 75 % to 90 % the waste produced by health care providers
are ‘Nonhazardous’ and the remaining 10 % to 25 % is hazardous. And the
‘Nonhazardous’ Waste contains great variety of Pathogenic microorganism.
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3. To state the classification of Bio Medical waste according to
8 categories and know methods of disposal.
Classifications of Biomedical waste according to 8 categories are:
1. Liquid waste
2. Chemical waste
3. Solid waste
4. Soiled Waste
5. Waste sharps
6. Animal waste
7. Human anatomical waste
8. Incineration ash
1. Liquid waste:
Liquid waste is originated from any of infected area.
2. Chemical waste
Chemical waste generated while testing and analyzer.
3. Solid waste:
Such as dressing bandages, plaster waste, material contaminated with blood, tubes
and catheters.
4. Soiled waste:
Such as cotton balls used while blood collection or used as absorbent material
for accidental blood and body fluid spillage.
5. Waste sharp:
Like hypodermic needles, Syringes, scalpels and broken glass.
6. Animal Waste:
Generated during research from veterinary Hospitals
7. Human anatomical waste:
Like tissues, organs and body parts.
8. Incineration Ash :
From incineration of any biomedical waste
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Method of disposal
There are main methods used in disposing the waste
1. Recycling-
This is one of most popular methods of waste disposal.
2. Landfills -
The area method is best sided for flat or gently sloping area where some Land
depressions may exist.
3. Composting –
This is a natural method that involves turning organic waste into nutrient rich food.
Land life is an engineered pit, in which layers of solid waste are filled compacted and
covered for final disposal.
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4. To know colour coding and containers for disposal of biomedical
waste.
The colour coding of biomedical waste are as fallows.
Yellow colour
Red colour
Blue / White colour
Black colour
Sr. Colour
Types of contents Waste Categories
No. Coding
Human anatomical waste, animal
1 Yellow Plastic Bags waste, microbiological waste, Solid
waste
Dis inflectional continuation
2 Red Microbiological, soiled, soiled waste.
Plastic Bags
Plastic Bags Discarded medicinal, Incineration Ash,
3 Blue / White
Puncture proof contents Chemical Waste.
Plastic Bags Needles without Syringes, Bladders,
4 Black
Puncture Proof Contents Sharps and all Metal Articles
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5. To explain rules and regulation governing the disposal of these
ousting.
- There are many rules and regulation governing the disposal and thing are as follows.
1. Every waste generator shall segregate waste and store separately and hand over to
municipal workers or authorized waste pickers.
2. Ministry of environment, forest and climate change shall constitute central monitoring
committee to monitor and review every year.
Two rules mandate that all resident welfare and market associations and gated
communities with an area of about 5000sq/m will have to segregate waste at source
into material like plastic, tin, glass, paper, and others and hand over recyclable material
either to authorized waste pickers and recyclers or to the urban.
6. To understand responsibilities of health care institution regarding Bio
medical waste management.
- To understand responsibilities of health care institutions regarding Bio medical waste
management is must:
1. Taking care of your hazardous waste
- Protect the health of your staff and patients through the correct destruction of medical
waste.
2. Our units are easily activated that is a control panel and can be manually or
automatically and fed of an auto feeder.
3. Scaling awareness among all cadres of health professionals about the need and
significance of appropriate management of bio medical waste, ensuring training of the
health care workers, advocating universal safety Precautions like hand washing. There
was the responsibly of health care institutions.
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7. To inummerate different methods of disinfection, Sterilization and
waste disposal.
- There are different methods to dispose of Bio medical waste
i. Disinfection:
Disinfection of Bio medical waste microorganism in medical waste.
ii. Sterilization
- The process of sterilization is the treatment of Bio medical wastes with steam at high
temperature and pressure. If the temperature and contact times are sufficient, these
processes inactivate many type of Microorganisms.
iii. Waste Disposal
- Thus there are still many methods under waste disposal.
1. Landfills:
Throwing daily waste/ garbage fills landfills is the most popularly used method of
waste disposal used today.
2. Recycling:
Recycling is the process of converting waste products into new products to
prevent energy usage and consumption of fresh raw materials.
3. Composting:
Composting is an easy and natural bio-degradation process that takes organic
waste.
4. Incineration:
Incineration involves the combustion of waste materials with this methods, the
waste material is recited to very high temperature and is heat, Gas, Steam and
Ash.
