1A STUDENT LIFE

DAY 1: READING

Reading passage 1

Students often have to work in groups at university. This is because many lecturers
think there are advantages to group work. You can share your ideas and find solutions
to problems. You can develop your communication skills. You can also learn about
different cultures and improve your English.

However, there are problems with working in a group. Sometimes a very confident or
talkative person can dominate the group. Some group members never speak – they just
sit in silence. Sometimes people only want to talk and not listen. This might be because
they think they are right and they think everyone else is wrong.

Students can avoid these kinds of problems by making rules. For example, agree an
agenda for the meeting and how often the group will meet. Always agree on the
deadlines for the work. Usually it is helpful for everyone to have a role. For example,
one person takes notes, another does research, and another produces the PowerPoint
slides.

Doing group work at university is an important experience that you also need for your
future.

Exercise 1: Read the text quickly and choose the correct answers.

1. ……………think group work is a good idea.

a. Lecturers

b. Students

2. Group work can be difficult because….

a. people work in different ways

 b. some people are always wrong

3. Group work is best when…

a. everyone can do what they want.

b. everything is planned and organised well.

Exercise 2: Replace the definitions in the sentences with the words in bold from the
text

1. She always tries to control the group

2. The meetings are difficult, but it helps me to improve my English

3. His job in the group is to research the topic.

4. We tell each other opinions on a topic in our meetings

5. We need a list of all the things we have to do.

Reading passage 2

Too young for Oxford?

Yinan Wang was only 14 years old when he became a student at Oxford University, in
the United Kingdom, one of the most famous academic institutions in the world. Many
people asked, ‘Isn’t 14 too young to attend a university?’
At the age of 12, Yinan Wang was like any other student at school in Beijing, in China.
Then his father got a job at an aerospace company near London, so the whole family
moved from Beijing to London. Yinan Wang continued his studies at a very large
secondary school near their home.
When he arrived in England, Yinan Wang could only speak a few words in English. ‘At
first I was very lonely,’ he recalls. ‘I couldn’t speak to anyone, so I couldn’t make
friends.’ However, his teachers could see he was very intelligent. In fact, he was a
genius. He was especially good at mathematics and science.
Two years later, Yinan Wang went to Oxford University to study science. At the age of
14, he was one of the youngest students to study at this famous university. However, his
teachers thought he would have no problems. He had special classes in English at
school, and he was fluent by the age of 14. He also got top marks in all his maths exam.
Yinan Wang was not the first child to go to Oxford University. Ruth Lawrence was only
13 when she went to Oxford to study mathematics. However, are young teenagers
really mature enough for university? Many universities do not take students below the
age of 17 or 18. People say they cannot enjoy university life. Other people disagree and
say that very clever children should not wait.

Exercise 3: Choose a, b, or c

1. Yinan’s family moved to London because…….

a. he got a place at Oxford University

b. he wanted to learn English

c. his father got a job near London

2. When Yinan came to England, he….

a. had a lot of friends

b. could not make any friends

c. did not want any English friends.

3. Many teachers thought that he would….

a. have problems at Oxford University

b. need special classes in English

c. not have difficulties at the university.

Exercise 4: Find two examples of however in the article and circle them.
1. _________________

2. _________________

Exercise 5: Match sentences 1-3 with sentences a-c. Rewrite them using however.

1. Some people think that 14 is too young for university.

2. Yinan Wang was only 14 years old.

3. At first Yinan Wang could only speak a little English.

a. He studied at Oxford University.

b. He soon became fluent in the language.

c. Others believe that clever students should not wait.

1A STUDENT LIFE

DAY 2: WRITING

Exercise 1: Rewrite the pairs of sentences. Add capital letters, and full stops (.) or
question marks (?).

1.

2.

3.

4.
 5.

Exercise 2: Join the sentences using “and” or “but”.

STUDY SKILL Linking ideas

Use and or but to join sentences. Look at the examples:
Hannah lives in Edinburgh. She works in an internet cafe.
→ Hannah lives in Edinburgh and she works in an internet cafe.
I understand French. I don’t speak it very well.
→ I understand French, but I don’t speak it very well.
Linking ideas makes your writing easier to follow.

1. I am 18 years old. I am single.

2. I am from Australia. I live in the city of Sydney.

3. Joe comes from India. He is working in Germany at the moment.

4. Maria and Jose are married. They have four children.

5. Hai likes computers. He doesn’t like computer games.

6. I want to build a big villa near my parents’ house. I have no money.

Exercise 3: Complete the table with information about you.

Your information

city

country

job

age

accomodation

marital status

children

languages
 other information

Write 5 - 7 sentences about you using the information from the above table.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

1A STUDENT LIFE

DAY 3: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Complete the academic subjects. Write one letter for each blank.

Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1

1. I like ………………. because I like learning about animals and plants.

2. I like studying ……………….because I love reading.
 3. I don’t like ………………., but I’m good at numbers.
4. So many people study ……………….but I think working is better to get many
jobs in a company.
5. ……………….is about the study of society.
6. ……………….is the study of the mind.
7. I enjoy studying ………………. My favourite is English.
8. In ……………….we study rocks, volcanoes and minerals.
9. Today we learnt about the micro-chip in ……………….
10. Contract and criminal ……………….are two of our modules.
11. I am studying ……………….because I want to work in construction.
12. I am studying ……………….to become a doctor.

Exercise 3: Complete the text with these words

higher education degree qualification pass

Students at college or university are in (1)................. When you take an exam and are
successful, you (2)................. And get a (3).................. At university, this is called a
(4).................

Exercise 4: Complete the text with the words from the box

compulsory fees subjects education

repeat foreign state prepare

Secondary education in the UK is very different from the rest of Europe. At 11 years old,
most British children go to a (1)………………. secondary school. Their parents don’t
have to pay tuition (2)………………. The pupils study all the
(3)……………….available for the first two years of secondary school, but they can
choose to drop some of them at 14, when they begin to (4)……………….for their
General Certificate of Secondary Education exams (GCSEs). They take these exams at
16. In Scotland the (5)……………….system is slightly different. English pupils have to
take exams in the core curriculum subjects, which are English, Maths and Science. They
must continue to study a (6)………………. language, Physical education (PE),
Citizenship and Information and Communication Technology (ICT), but they don’t have
to do an exam in these subjects. Most pupils take about 10 subjects at GCSE level. Up to
the age of 16, school is (7)………………., but after this, pupils can choose to leave
school or continue into further education. Even if a student fails their exams they never
have to (8)……………….a year in British schools.

1B STUDENT LIFE
DAY 4: LISTENING
Exercise 1: You will hear a telephone conversation in which Sam is booking a taxi.
First, look at the form below and think about the kind of information you will need.
Then listen and complete the form. (HW_R01)

NAME OF PASSENGER: SAM WILLIAMS

PICK-UP Wed 6th July
DATE AND TIME: (1) ________

PICK-UP POINT:
NO. & STREET: (2) ________ WILLOWSIDE BANK
TOWN: (3) _____________
POSTCODE: (4) _____________

MOBILE NUMBER: (5) 07789 _________

DESTINATION: HEATHROW – TERMINAL 5

Exercise 2: Listen and complete the chart. (HW_R02)

women % men %

studying in higher education 1. ________ 37.2

getting a good degree 2. ________ 60

studying computer science 19.4 3. _______

studying engineering 4. ________ 86

1B STUDENT LIFE
DAY 5: SPEAKING
Exercise 1: Look at the student ID card. Then complete ID card A with your detail.

Exercise 2: Practice talking about your student card.

Exercise 3: Work with a partner. Ask questions and complete ID card B with
information about your partner.
Notes: Record your answer.

1B STUDENT LIFE
DAY 6
Grammar: Present Simple – Present Continuous
Grammar: Present Simple

❖ We use the present simple for things that are true in general, or things that happen
sometimes or all the time:
● I like big cities.
● The Earth goes round the Sun.
● It costs a lot of money to stay at luxury hotels.
❖ Always/ never/ often/ sometimes/ usually + present simple
● Sue always arrive at work early.
● Julia never eats breakfast.
❖ Form:
(+): I/ You/ We/ They + V He/ She/ It + V(s/ es)
(-): I/ You/ We/ They + don’t V He/ She/ It + doesn’t V
(?) (Wh-questions) + do/ does + Subject + V?
 Yes, S + do/ does No, S + don’t/ doesn’t.
● I drink coffee but I don’t drink tea.
● Sue drinks tea but she doesn’t drink coffee.
❖ Spelling:
● -es after –s / -sh / -ch: pass 🡪 passes finish 🡪 finishes watch 🡪 watches
● -y 🡪 -ies: study 🡪 studies try 🡪 tries
also: do 🡪 does go 🡪 goes

Grammar: Present Continuous

❖ We use the present continuous to talk about activities at the moment of speaking.
● I am working now.
● Look at Sue! She is wearing her new hat.
❖ Form:
(+): Subject + am/ is/ are + V-ing
(-): Subject + am/ is/ are + not + V-ing
(?): (Wh-questions) + am/ is/ are + Subject + V-ing?
Yes, S + am/ is/ are No, S + am/ is/ are + not.
● Where are they going?
● Is he working today?
● You can turn off the television. I’m not watching it.
❖ Spelling:
● come 🡪 coming write 🡪 writing dance 🡪 dancing
● run 🡪 running sit 🡪 sitting swim 🡪 swimming
● lie 🡪 lying
❖ Notes: We do not normally use the continuous with stative verbs: verbs of thinking
and feeling, verbs of the senses and others (agree, belong, need, be, disagree, owe,
own, possess, etc.) We normally use the simple present instead.
● I understand you. (NOT I am understanding you)
 PRACTICE

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences. Use these verbs in the box.

boil close cost cost like like meet open teach wash

1. In Britain, the banks usually ______ at 9.30 in the morning.

2. The City Museum ______ at 5 o’clock in the evening.
3. Tina is a teacher. She ______ mathematics to young children.
4. My job is very interesting. I ______ a lot of people.
5. Peter ______ his hair twice a week.
6. Food is expensive. It _______ a lot money.
7. Shoes are expensive. They ______ a lot of money.
8. Water _______ at 100 degrees Celsius.
9. Julia and I are good friends. I ________ her and she _______ me.
Exercise 2: Write sentences from these words. Put the verb in the right form.
1. (always/ early/ Sue/ arrive) Sue always arrives early.
2. (basketball/ I/ play/ often) I ___________________
3. (work/ Margaret/ hard/ usually) ____________________
4. (Jenny/ always/ nice clothes/ wear) ____________________
5. (dinner/ we/ have/ always/ at 7.30) ____________________
6. (TV/ Tim/ watch/ never) ____________________
7. (like/ chocolate/ children/ usually) ____________________
8. (Julia/ parties/ enjoy/ always) ____________________

Exercise 3: Put the verb into the correct form, positive or negative.
1. Margaret (speak) _________ four languages.
2. I (like) _________ my job. It’s very boring.
3. “Where’s Martin?”. “I’m sorry. I (know) __________.”
4. Sue is a very quiet person. She (talk) __________ very much.
5. Jim (drink) __________ a lot of tea. It’s his favorite drink.
 6. It’s not true! I (believe) _________ it!
7. That’s a very beautiful picture. I (like) _________ it very much.
8. Mark is a vegetarian. He (eat) __________ meat.

Exercise 4: Put the verb in the present continuous or the present simple.
1. Listen! Somebody (sing) ________.
2. Sandra is tired. (she/ want) __________ to go home now.
3. How often (you/ read) ________ a newspaper?
4. “Excuse me but (you/ sit) ________ in my place. “Oh, I’m sorry.”
5. I’m sorry, (I/ not/ understand) ________. Can you speak more slowly?
6. It’s late. (I/ go) __________ home now. (you/ come) ________ with me?
7. You can turn off the radio. (I/ not/ listen) _________ to it.
8. Sue (not/ like) __________ coffee. (She/ prefer) __________ tea.

1A STUDENT LIFE

DAY 7: MINI TEST

READING:

You should spend about 20 minutes on this reading passage to answer the following
questions.

British Students Abroad

A. People often think of international students as students from around the world
studying in countries such as the UK, the USA or Australia. However, there are
also a growing number of British students going to study overseas.
B. Surprisingly, as a percentage, more British students are travelling abroad than
students from other countries. 1.7 percent of the entire British student population
 is studying abroad. This percentage is higher than China at 1.4 per cent and
India at 1 percent of their student population.
C. There are over 22,000 British students studying in different parts of the world.
The three most popular countries for British students are the USA (8,500),
France (2,600) and Germany (2,200).
D. One popular study abroad programme for British students is the Eramus
programme that allows European students to spend a year in another European
country. The number of British students taking part in the programme is
increasing every year. Now over 10,000 take part annually in the programme.
Perhaps British students are becoming more global.

Exercise 1: Read the text and answer these questions.

1. Is the number of British students studying overseas decreasing?

2. What percentage of British students study overseas?
3. Which country is the most popular for British students?
4. What is the Erasmus programme?
5. How many students take part in the Erasmus programme?

Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

western campuses global overseas

1. Many students go to a ………………. style university to help get a better job

when they go back home.
2. Many companies are not local but ………………. and have offices in many
countries.
3. People who work for international companies often have to work ……………….
for some time.
 4. Large companies come to university ………………. to find the best students to
work in their company.

LISTENING:

Exercise 3: Listen to the interview with Annie Griffiths. What is the main idea of the
interview? Choose a letter, A, B or C. (Lesson 1B_HW_R03)
A. Annie Griffiths’ work is dangerous sometimes.
B. Annie Griffiths travels around the world as a photographer.
C. Annie Griffiths knows how to communicate with the people she meets.

Exercise 4: Listen to the recording once again. Choose the correct word or phrase.
(Lesson 1B_HW_R03)
1. Annie Griffiths’ favorite place is ___________.
A. New Zealand B. The Middle East C. Southern Africa
2. Annie loves taking pictures of wildlife and ________.
A. landscapes B. beaches C. cities
3. Annie took her children with her because her assignments were ________.
A. two or three months long
B. three or four months long
C. four or five months long
4. When Annie doesn’t know the local language, she gestures and _________.
A. writes B. smiles C. translates
5. Annie Griffiths describes the day she took the photo at Victoria Falls as _______.
A. hot and humid B. unforgettable C. adventurous

2A DAILY ROUTINES
DAY 8: READING

Reading passage 1

Joseph Pulitzer

Joseph Pulitzer was born in 1847 in Makó, Hungary. He emigrated to the United States
when he was seventeen years old, and was naturalised on his twentieth birthday. He
spent his career in journalism working in the midwest and New York. From 1871 he
was also the owner or part-owner of many newspapers. His most famous newspaper
was the New York World (which many believe was the model for the Daily Planet of the
Superman stories). The World campaigned against corruption, and exposed many
scandals. It was also a strong supporter of the rights of the working man.

In later life, Joseph Pulitzer collapsed from overwork, and lost his sight. He became
dedicated to improving the quality of journalism in America, and donated $1 million to
Columbia University to found a school of journalism. However, his most significant
contribution was the establishment of the Pulitzer prizes in his will.

These prizes for excellence in journalism have been given every year since 1917 by
Columbia University. Since 1942 there have been extra categories for press
photography, and later still for criticism, feature writing and commentary. The prize
was originally for $500, but today the winners of the prize receive a gold medal.
However, the real value of the prize is that it confirms that the journalist who has
received the award is the best American journalist of the year - a fact that is worth
much more than $500 to the journalist and to the newspaper that employs him or her.

There are four possible answers (a-d) for each question below. Choose the best
answer.

1. Joseph Pulitzer came to America because

a. he was with his parents
b. he wanted to be a journalist
c. Hungary was being attacked by Austria
d. the text does not say.

2. As well as writing for newspapers

a. Joseph Pulitzer wrote the Superman stories.
b. was the boss of some newspapers.
 c. won prizes for press photography.
d. worked in the Middle East.
3. The text tells us that
a. Joseph Pulitzer became a patriotic American.
b. later became a member of Columbia University.
c. was one of the richest men in New York.
d. worked very hard.

4. The prize is worth

a. $500.
b. a gold medal.
c. more in prestige than money.
d. a job with a good newspaper.

5. Pulitzer became an American citizen

a. twenty years after he arrived in the United States.
b. in 1868
c. after contributing $1 million to a university
d. when he was 17 years old.

6. What did the New York World not do?

a. Investigate wrongdoing by public officials.
b. Establish a famous prize for journalism.
c. Probably provide a model for a famous fictional newspaper.
d. Stand up for the common people.

7. The Pulitzer prizes are for

a. the best writing in America.
b. press photography and commentary.
c. high quality journalism.
d. none of the above.

8. This article is about

a. journalism in America.
b. the life of Joseph Pulitzer.
c. the Pulitzer prize.
d. B and C together.
Reading passage 2

A man of many talents

Tuy Sereivathana is a man with an unusual job title: Manager of the Human-Elephant
Conflict Team for Cambodian Elephant Conservation Group, for conservation group
Fauna & Flora International. As a result of his expertise, not only the elephants but also
30,000 local people have benefited from the group’s work. 1­___________

As masses of people relocated throughout Cambodia, they often created communities

and farmland that affected elephant habitat. At the same time, with rain forests
shrinking, hungry elephants come onto farmland, destroying crops. Desperately poor
farmers fought back, killing elephants to protect their land and livelihood. As a result,
Cambodia’s elephant population which numbered around 2,000 in 1995, crashed to
several hundred. The action against the elephants was unexpected: they had been an
integral part of Cambodia’s traditions for centuries. 2___________

To deal with the crisis, efforts at elephant conservation began. Given the historical
status of the elephant, it was logical to expect progress in rekindling the connection
between people and the environment. However, initial efforts didn’t take the local
people’s needs into account sufficiently. Local people only associated wildlife
protection with law enforcement. 3___________ At this point, in 2003, Sereivathana
became involved.

Day by day Sereivathana showed that he was concerned not only with elephants, but
also with human beings. 4___________. The government had still not established
schools in these areas and farmers were very concerned that their children could not
read or write. Sereivathana helped set up schools and attract teachers, and made
wildlife conservation part of the curriculum. After gaining local trust, he launched a
series of low-cost, highly ingenious strategies for keeping both crops and elephants
safe. 5___________. Since 2005, not a single wild elephant has been killed in
Cambodia due to human conflict.

Exercise 1: Read the article. Match the extracts (a-c) with the gaps in the text (1-5)
a. They were essential in the construction of the Angkor Wat temple and are depicted in
honour on its walls.

b. The origins of his role are found in the difficulties which faced Cambodia after decades
of political turmoil.

c. The success of his project is unprecedented

d. When farmers were arrested for clearing the forest, they could no longer feed their
families

e. An early demonstration of his team’s commitment to remote communities was their

role in the creation of schools

Exercise 2: Find this information in the text.

1. why the human-elephant conflict began

2. who Tuy Sereivathana is

3. what Sereivathana did

2A DAILY ROUTINES

DAY 9: WRITING

Exercise 1: Write the text in exercise B2 (Lesson 2A Student’s book) again on lined
paper as two paragraphs. Use the block or indented style.

Exercise 2: Describe what people do.

For example: A taxi driver drives people from one place to another.

A florist

A fireman
A personal trainer

A journalist

A nutritionist

Exercise 3: Complete the paragraph about Sam’s day with the sentence in the box.

Then he goes to his office.

First he has a quick breakfast in the hotel coffee shop.
Finally, at about 4 o’clock Sam leaves work.
After that, he has a meeting with his manager.
In the afternoon, he goes back to his office.
Next, he speaks to the hotel staff.

Sam is an assistant manager of a big hotel in Malaysia. It is a busy hotel and his day starts
very early. He gets to work at about 7 am. (1)………………... He usually just has tea and
toast. (2)……..………….. He starts up his computer and checks his emails. There are
always a lot of messages. (3)……..………….. . He asks them about any problems in the
kitchens, or with the guests. (4) ……..………….. . They find solutions to problems, and
discuss improvements and other changes to the hotel. At about 1 o’clock he has lunch.
(5)……..…………... He sends a few more emails and makes some telephone calls.
(6)……..………….. . On his way home he collects his children from school, and arrives
home at about 5.30.

Exercise 4: How do you revise for an important exam? Write a paragraph to

describe the procedure you follow. Use ideas from the box below.

You may start with: “To revise for an important exam, first I…”

Make a study plan

Look at the syllabus
Find a quiet place to study
Make notes
Take breaks
Remember the main points
2A DAILY ROUTINES

DAY 10: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Match the verbs 1-7 with words or phrases a-g.

1. put out a. research

2. fill in b. fit
3. run c. telephone calls
4. make d. a company
5. send e. fires
6. do f. a form
7. keep g. emails

STUDY SKILL Collocations

Learn a word - and its friends!
When you learn a new word, learn its collocations - the words that go with it.
For example: traffic + jam; traffic + lights; traffic + warden…
You can record these words in a diagram.

Exercise 2: Complete the sentences with the correct verb. Use a dictionary to help
you find the collocation of the underlined words.

1. Last week Sami ……………….a walk in the park.

2. Last week Hasan ……………….an accident in his new pick-up truck.
3. Can you ……………….me the time of the next flight to Bangkok?
4. Peter usually ……………….the 11.30 train to London from Liverpool.
 5. Exercise helps people to ……………….weight.
6. Shall we ……………….a taxi to the airport?

Exercise 3: How many collocations can you find with computer and business? Use
the dictionary to help. Draw diagram.

Exercise 4: Which nouns go with which verbs? Complete the table with words from
the box.

chess basketball board games sports swimming tennis

weightlifting skiing yoga shopping exercise

kick-boxing hiking cards dancing karate

Play Go Do

Exercise 5: Read about how these people have fun. Underline all the words that
reefer to exercises and circle the words that refer to places.

Jack, 15: I spend my time with my family most evenings. At the weekend, I prefer to hang out
with my friends at the park or in the playground in the local woods. If it rains, I like to go to
see a film with my friends.

Monica, 18: I belong to a chess club which meets twice a month, and once a year we go
camping. It’s the highlight of my summer! We stay in tents on a lovely campsite and have
picnics and barbecues. In the evenings, we organize quizzes and play cards. And we also play a
lot of chess, of course.

Amrita, 12: My older sisters spend a lot of time with their friends in the local shopping center,
but I’m not allowed to go out without an adult yet. I can still chat to my friends all the time
though, by phone, email, or text message.

2B ACADEMIC LIFE
DAY 11: LISTENING
Exercise 1: Listen to Sandra and Tom talking about the facilities on campus and
answer the questions. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS. (Recording
HWU2_01)

1. Which floor is the library coffee shop on? ________________

2. What does Sandra like to do there? ________________

3. Where is the silent zone? ________________

4. Where does Tom live? ________________

5. How many people live in Sandra’s house? ________________

6. What does Tom often do near Sandra’s house? ________________

Exercise 2: Listen to the recording and answer questions. WRITE NO MORE

THAN THREE WORDS. (Recording HWU2_02)

7. What do you need to scan first? ___________

8. What does the scanner do when you scan a book? ___________

9. What does the system do at the end? ____________

 2B TALKING ABOUT THE COLLEGE ENVIRONMENT
DAY 12: SPEAKING
Exercise 1: Mark all stresses, and use arrows to show the end intonation for all sentences
(make sure to start the intonation at the proper syllable). Then practice asking
questions.

1.  Which TV channels do you usually watch?  Which programs do you like the best?

2.  How do I say this? How do I say this in English? How do I say this clearer?

3.  Who is in charge here? Who is in charge when you’re out?

4.  Which football team do you like? Which player is your favorite?

5.  Why did you change your hair color? Why didn’t you like the old hair color?

6.  Why did Hoa leave today? Who did Hoa go with?     Why did she go with Sarah?

7.  Most people are on the bus, so where did Hoa go?   Where did she say she was going?

8.  How can we avoid making a mistake?     If we make a mistake, how can we correct it? 

9.  When will we arrive? When will Richard arrive?   When is the latest time to arrive?

10.  What’s the fastest way to go?   What’s the easiest way?  What’s the shortest route?
Exercise 2: Work with a partner. Ask questions to find out if your partner is a good
language learner.

Exercise 3: Compare your answers with your partner’s answers. Are you a good
language learner?

Notes: Record your answer.

2B ACADEMIC LIFE
DAY 13: GRAMMAR
Grammar: Past Simple – Past Continuous
Grammar: Past simple

❖ We use the past simple to talk about actions that happened once in the past.
● I met my wife in 1983.
 ● We went to Spain for our holidays.
❖ The past simple is often –ed (regular verbs). For example:
work 🡪 worked clean 🡪 cleaned start 🡪 started
stay 🡪 stayed arrive 🡪 arrived dance 🡪 danced
❖ Some verbs are irregular. The past simple is not –ed. Here are some important
irregular verbs:

❖ Form:
(+): Subject + was/ were + N/ Adj Subject + V(Past Simple)
(-): Subject + wasn’t/ weren’t + N/ Adj Subject + didn’t + V
(?) (Wh-questions) + did + Subject + V?
Yes, S + did No, S + didn’t
● I went to school yesterday.
● I didn’t watch television yesterday.
● Did she go away last week?

Grammar: Past Continuous

❖ We use the past continuous to talk about:

● Something that happened before and after a specific time.
● Something which happened before and after another action.

Example:

● The children were doing their homework when I got home.

 ● I was learning English at 8 P.M last night.
❖ Form:
(+): Subject + was/ were + V-ing
(-): Subject + was/ were + not + V-ing
(?): (Wh-questions) + was/ were + Subject + V-ing?
Yes, S + was/ were No, S + was/ were + not.

Example:

● What were you doing at 11.30 yesterday?

● It was raining when we went out.
❖ Spelling:
● come 🡪 coming write 🡪 writing dance 🡪 dancing
● run 🡪 running sit 🡪 sitting swim 🡪 swimming
● lie 🡪 lying
❖ Notes: We do not normally use the continuous with stative verbs: verbs of thinking
and feeling, verbs of the senses and others (agree, belong, need, be, disagree, owe,
own, possess, etc.) We normally use the past simple instead.

PRACTICE

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences. Use one of these verbs in the past simple:

die enjoy finish happen open rain start

1. It was hot in the room, so I _________ the window.

2. The concert ________ at 7.30 and ________ at 10 o’clock.
3. When I was a child, I _________ to be a doctor.
4. The accident _________ last Sunday afternoon.
5. It’s a nice day today but yesterday it _________ all day.
6. We _______ our holiday last year. We ______ at a very nice place.
7. Ann’s grandfather _________ when he was 90 years old.
Exercise 2: Write the past simple of these verbs.
1. see _____ 7. think _____
2. play _____ 8. copy _____
3. pay _____ 9. know _____
4. visit _____ 10. put _____
5. buy _____ 11. speak _____
6. go _____ 12. get _____
Exercise 3: Put the verb in the correct form – positive, negative or question.
1. Tim _____ some new clothes yesterday (buy).
2. “________ yesterday?”. “No, it was a nice day.” (rain)
3. The party wasn’t very good, so we _________ long. (stay)
4. It was very warm in the room, so I ________ a window. (open)
5. “Did you go to the bank this morning?”. No, I ________ time.” (have)
6. “I cut my hand this morning”. “How ________ that?” (do)
Exercise 4: Supply the correct forms of the verbs in brackets: Past simple & Past
continuous
1. I (do)____________________ my homework at 6 p.m. last Sunday.
2. They (practice)______________________ English at that time.
3. What you (do)______________________ from 3 p.m. to 6 p.m. yesterday?
4. I (do)___________________ my homework when Jenny (come)____________ over
yesterday.
5. When I (phone)________________ Helen last night, she
(wash)__________________ her hair.
6. Last Sunday while Sandy (clean) ____________________ out the house, she (find)
__________________ her grandmother’s wedding dress.
7. When the door-to-door salesperson (come) __________________ yesterday, Claudia
(hear, not) ____________________ the doorbell because she (dry)
_____________________ her hair with her electric hair dryer in her room.
8. Yesterday, I (cook)______________________ while my sister
(clean)____________________ the floor.

2A DAILY ROUTINES

DAY 14: MINI TEST

READING:

You should spend about 20 minutes on this reading passage to answer the following
questions.

GAP YEAR
A Many students in the UK take a gap year after school and before going to
university. In fact about 250 000 do every year. Most of them want to combine travel
with making money or doing voluntary work. But whatever their reasons, students
need to think carefully about what they do. There are a number of advantages to
taking a gap year.
B First of all, it gives people time to decide what degree they want to do and what
job they want to have in the future. It also allows them to learn more about the world,
for example, learning different languages, experiencing different cultures and seeing
landscapes they have never seen before.
C However, many people argue that travelling for a year is just a long holiday. It is
also expensive and it might be better to spend the money on education. Some
students also forget how to study during their gap year and find it hard to study again
when they return home.
D In conclusion, there are a lot of advantages and disadvantages in taking a gap
year. In my opinion, a gap year is a valuable experience, but one whole year is too
long.

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with NO MORE THAN ONE WORD AND/OR A
NUMBER in the text.
 1. About …………….students in the UK take a gap year every year.
2. During a gap year, students have more time to decide what …………….they want
to do in the future.
3. A gap year allows students to explore more about the world, e.g. learning about
other languages and …………….and travelling to different places they have never
been before.
4. However, travelling for a year may be …………….and this money might be better
spent on education.
5. Some students may find it ……………. to get back to their study after a gap year.

Exercise 2: Match the functions 1-4 with paragraphs A-D.

1. giving the writer’s onion

2. listing the bad things about a gap year
3. introducing the topic
4. listing the good things about a gap year

Exercise 3: Answer the questions using words in the box.

In my opinion However For example First of all

1. Which word introduces the opposite idea?

2. Which phrase shows what the writer thinks?
3. Which phrase helps list one of many points?
4. Which phrase introduces an explanation?

LISTENING:

Exercise 1: Read the following questions and underline the keywords and the
question words.

1. What is the most common crime in the UK?

2. What two forms of theft does the policewoman mention?

3. Why are people in more danger when they are abroad?

4. What should people leave in the hotel on holiday?

5. What kind of mobile is popular with thieves?

Exercise 2: Now listen to the recording and answer the questions. Write NO MORE
THAN FOUR WORDS.

1. What is the most common crime in the UK?

___________________________________

2. What two forms of theft does the policewoman mention?

___________________________________

3. Why are people in more danger when they are abroad?

___________________________________

4. What should people leave in the hotel on holiday?

___________________________________

5. What kind of mobile is popular with thieves?

____________________________________

3A ENVIRONMENT

DAY 15: READING

Isn’t that weird?

1. The fish with hands
Everyone knows that fish live in water. They move by swimming and they use their fins and tail
to help them move. But there’s an exception to every rule and this is it. Named appropriately the
handfish, these odd fish have fins which look like hands, and they use them to walk on the ocean
floor. Four specimens of this two centimetre-long species were seen near Tasmania, Australia.
Handfish walk along the seabed eating small worms and other creatures. They move slowly and
so must be an easy target for predators. However, researchers think they may have a secret
weapon, a toxic skin that kills most attackers.
2. ‘Yoda’ bat
This little bat became an internet sensation because of its resemblance to the character of Yoda
in the Star Wars films. The bat was discovered in Papua New Guinea, but so far it hadn’t been
named or officially classified. It’s just one of over a hundred new species found on scientific
surveys of Papua New Guinea this year. Scientists speculate that there could be many more
undocumented species in the more remote mountains and forests of the area. The ‘Yoda’ bat is
a fruit bat, with a diet of flowers and fruit, and may play an important role in the rain forest
eco-system.
3. Is it a squid? Is it a worm?
This nine centimetre-long marine animal was a big surprise to the researchers who first saw it. A
remotely-operated underwater vehicle captured images of it at a depth of 2.8 kilometres in the
sea around the Philippines. It looks like a squid because it has tentacles on its head. And it looks
like a worm because its body is divided into segments. So the scientists, thinking it might be
either a type of squid or a kind of worm, decided to name it squidworm. Closer examination
shows it is indeed a worm and suggests it could belong to a new family of segmented worms,
but the name of squidworm had stuck.

Exercise 1: Read the article and complete the notes

What kind of animal is it? Where was it found? What’s unusual about it?
1
2
3

Exercise 2: Read the article again. Then read this information about each animal. What is
speculation (S) and what is certain (C)?
1. The handfish
a. walks on the seabed
b. eats worms
c. has toxic skin
2. The ‘Yoda’ bat
a. is a newly found species
b. eats fruit
c. is a key part of the forest eco-system
3. The squidworm
a. is a type of worm
b. is the first in a new family of worms
Exercise 3: Find these words in the article
 1. Two terms for the bottom of the sea
2. A word that means ‘samples or representative things’
3. A scientific term that means ‘a group of individual that can’t be subdivided into smaller
groups’
4. A word for animals that kill and eat other animals
5. A word that means ‘poisonous’
6. An adjective that means ‘from/ in/ of the sea’
7. A word that means ‘sections’

3A ENVIRONMENT

DAY 16: WRITING

Exercise 1: Write the text in exercise B3 (Lesson 3A Student’s book) in full form (no
contradictions).

Exercise 2: Look at the Study habits questionnaire. Write the words in the correct
order to make questions 1-6.

Study Habits Questionnaire

1. do / where / you / study / to / like / ?

a. at home b. in a library c. other place

2. usually / study / when / you / do / ?

a. in the morning b. in the afternoon c. in the evening d. at night

3. to / study / do / how / prefer / you / ?

a. alone b. with a friend c. in a study group

4. make / you / notes / do / when / study / do / ?

a. always b. usually c. sometimes d. never

5. study / many / do / how / you / hours / in / week / a / ?

a. 0-2 hours b. 3-6 hours c. 7-10 hours d. more than

10

6. make / do / study plan / how often / a / you / ?

a. never b. everyday c. every week

Exercise 3: Answer the questionnaire about yourself. Make notes of the reasons for
your answers.

Exercise 4: Read the guidelines of how to be a good student. Make a study plan for
yourself.

How to be a good student

Everyone has his or her own way of studying, but here are a
few tips:

▪ Find a quiet place to study;

▪ Study when you are fresh, not tired;
▪ Get plenty of exercise and sleep;
▪ Find a study partner or partners – it can help;
▪ Take notes when you read;
▪ Make a study plan for the week.

Day Time What to study

Mon
 Tue

Wed

Thu

Fri

Sat

Sun

Exercise 5: Write a paragraph about your study habits. Use your answers from the
questionnaire and your notes to help.

3A ENVIRONMENT

DAY 17: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Complete the collocations

1. sandy b……………………

2. deep r………………

3. spectacular v………….

4. snowy m………..
5. thick rainf…………

6. extinct v…………….

Exercise 2: Complete the text using the collocations from Exercise 1

When people think of California they imagine lots of 1.………………. on the coast and
lots of sunny weather. But California has a lot more. The 2.……………. are excellent for
people who want to ski. They also offer 3.…………….. across the Sierra Nevada and
other mountain features such as numerous 4.………………., but some might be active!
San Francisco is famous for the Golden Gate Bridge which stands over the
5.…………….. On the north coast there are the 6.…………………that cover 540 km2.

Exercise 3: Complete using the words in the boxes

climate forecast heatwave lightning shower thunder

insect mammal reptile species wildlife

1. Have you ever heard what the weather ……………………… is for tomorrow?

2. Britain is experiencing a ……………………… at the moment. It’s unusually hot and

hasn’t rained for several weeks

3. It’s not going to rain much, but there might be the occasional …………………………

4. During the thunderstorm, the ……………………… was so loud I hid under the bed!

5. ………………………… hit a tree in the garden during the thunderstorm and a branch
came off

6. I wish I lived in a country with a warmer …………………………

7. I don’t see a lot of ……………………………… because I live in a big city.

8. It’s very unusual to see this………………………………..of birds around here at this

time of the year

9. If it’s got six legs, it’s probably a/ an ………………………………..

10. Humans and monkeys are different types of………………………………..

11. Snakes and lizards are different kinds of ………………………………..

Exercise 4: Write one word in each gap. The first letter is given to help you

1. If we all r………………………… our paper, fewer trees would be cut down

2. The castle is perfectly p…………………………, so it’s just like it was four hundred
years ago

3. If only we could go to the c……………………….. to get some fresh air

4. Many plants and animals are in danger of becoming e…………………………… If

they do, we’ll never see them again

5. Zoos give us the opportunity to see w………………………… animals up close.

6. The weather is quite m………………………… here, even in the winter, it rarely

snows.

7. The l………………………… weather forecast is usually much more accurate than the
national

8. I wish you wound’t drop your l………………………… on the ground. Put it in the
bin!

3B CARING ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT

DAY 18: LISTENING
Exercise 1: Listen to the World Wide Fund’s two areas of focus. Write the key words
and main points in the table. (Recording HWU3_01)
protect key places animals plants important biodiversity

Key words Main points

1

Exercise 2: You are going to listen to more of the talk. Read the questions and write
the type of answer for each question.
year length of time number

Questions Type of answer Answers

How many tourists visit the number

Mediterranean each year?

How long will it take for a big

increase in visitors to happen?

How long is the European

Mediterranean coastline?

How many projects does the WWF

have in the Mediterranean region?

When did the WWF start?

Exercise 3: Listen and write the answers to the questions in Exercise 2. (Recording
HWU3_02)

3B CARING ABOUT THE ENVIRONMENT

DAY 19: SPEAKING
Exercise 1: Look at the photos and notes. What environmental problems do
they show? What other environmental problems can you think of?
Exercise 2: Choose an environmental problem to talk about. Write down the key
words and three main points for this problem.
Exercise 3: Talk about the environmental problem you have chosen. Include some
notes and a picture.
Notes: Record your answers.

3B CARING FOR THE ENVIRONMENT

DAY 20: GRAMMAR
PRESENT PERFECT TENSE
❖ We use the present perfect tense:
● for something that started in the past and continues in the present:
o They've been married for nearly fifty years.
o She has lived in Liverpool all her life.
 ● when we are talking about our experience up to the present:
o I've seen that film before.
I've played the guitar ever since I was a teenager.
He has written three books and he is working on another one.
● We often use the adverb ever to talk about experience up to the present:
o My last birthday was the worst day I have ever had.
❖ Form:
(+): Subject + have/ has + V (past participle)
(-): Subject + have/ hasn’t + V (past participle)
(?): (Wh-questions) + have/ has + Subject + V (past participle)?
Yes, S + have/ has No, S + have/ hasn’t
o Have you visited London before?
o Have they studied Japanese before?
❖ Present perfect with time adverbials 
● We often use the present perfect with adverbials which refer to the recent past:
recently, just and only just.
o Scientists have recently discovered a new breed of monkey.
We have just got back from our holidays.
● or adverbials which include the present:
so far     until now     up to now
ever (in questions)
yet (in questions and negatives)
o Have you ever seen a ghost?
Where have you been up to now?
❖ For and since
● We use for and since to say how long.
● We use for + a period of time (three days/ two years, etc.)
● We use since + the start of the period (Monday / 9 o’clock etc.)
 PRACTICE

I. Complete the sentences with a verb from the list.

break buy decide forget go (x2) invite see not/ see take tell

1. I ___________ some new shoes. Do you want to see them?

2. “Where is Liz?”. She __________ out.”

3. I’m looking for Paula. _________ you _______her?

4. Look! Somebody __________ that window.
5. “Does Lisa know that you’re going away?”. “Yes, I __________ her.”
6. I can’t find my umbrella. Somebody __________ it.
7. I’m looking for Sarah. Where ________ she ________?
8. I know that woman but I ___________ her name.
9. Sue is having a party tonight. She ________ a lot of people.
10. What are you going to do? ________ you ________?
11. “Where are my glasses?”. “I don’t know. I ___________ them.”
II. Complete the sentences. Use already + present perfect.
❖ What time is Paul arriving?
🡺 He has already arrived.
1. Do Sue and Bill want to see the film?
🡺 No, they ___________ it.
2. Don’t forget to phone Tom.
🡺 I _________________
3. When is Martin going away?
🡺 He ________________
4. Do you want to read the newspaper?
🡺 I __________________
5. When does Linda start her new job?
🡺 She ________________
III. Complete the sentences.
Jill is in hospital. She has been in hospital since Monday.
I know Sarah. I have known her for a long time.
1. Linda and Frank are married. They ________ married since 1989.
2. Brian is ill. He ________ ill for the last few days.
 3. We live in Scott Road. We _________ there for ten years.
4. Catherine works in bank. She ________ in a bank for five years.
5. Alan has a headache. He ________ a headache since he got up this morning.
6. I’m learning English. I __________ English for six months.
IV. Which is right?
❖ Mark is/ has been in Canada since April.
1. Jane is a good friend of mine. I know/ have known her very well.
2. Jane is a good friend of mine. I know/ have known her for a long time.
3. “Sorry I’m late. How long are you/ have you been waiting?”. “Not long.”
4. Martin works/ has worked in a hotel now. He likes his job very much.
5. Linda is reading the newspaper. She is/ has been reading it for two hours.
6. “How long do you live/ have you lived in this house?”. “About ten years.”
7. “Is that a new coat?”. “No, I have/ I’ve had this coat for a long time.”
8. Tom is/ has been in Spain at the moment. He is/ has been there for the last three
days.

3A+3B ENVIRONMENT
DAY 21: MINI TEST 3
READING:
Read the text and answer the questions

Underwater – Brian Skerry

1. Finding the oceanic whitetip shark is an experience I won’t forget. This is one
of the most dangerous sharks in the world, but its numbers are falling. They used
to be common around the Bahamas, but most people say they haven’t seen them
for years. Just as we arrived there, some sports fishermen in the central Bahamas
saw some oceanic whitetips when they were fishing for tuna. So I planned
sixteen days to go searching for them. For the first few days out of Palm Beach,
we didn’t see a thing. Then, on the fifth day, I was looking out the bridge when I
spotted a shark on the surface. The white tip of its dorsal fin was sticking out of
the water, so I knew we had an oceanic whitetip. I quickly put on my wetsuit and
jumped in the water. The shark was very curious about me and swam right up to
me. It was about three metres long and it even stayed around while we were
putting the cage in the water for the scientist. I got some great pictures! That was
really the high point of the assignment.

2. At the end of the assignment, after a year of work, we were going after the
great hammerhead shark. This species is so elusive that there were no pictures of
it until five or six years ago. For the entire first week, the weather was appalling
and it was impossible to dive. It was very frustrating. Then, on the eighth day, my
assistant had to fly home because his mother was seriously ill. Suddenly, I was
working alone as well as trying to deal with the bad weather. That was definitely
the worst moment on the assignment. It is so important to have a really good
assistant with you. Without him there, my workload more than doubled. While I
was trying to decide what to do, the weather unexpectedly improved and I got a
couple of not-bad days! And on one of those days, everything clicked and I got
some great pictures of a hammerhead. I was lucky.

Questions 1-2: Read the interview with Brian Skerry about his ear-long
assignment photographing sharks. Write the number of the story (1-2) next to
the heading. There’s one extra heading.

a. What was one of your worst experiences covering this story?

b. What was one of your strangest experiences covering this story?
c. What was one of your best experiences covering this story?

1. Paragraph 1
2. Paragraph 2
Questions 3-10: These statements are true for one or both of Skerry’s stories.
Write W (whitetip), H (hammerhead) and B (both)

3. The sharks were difficult to find.

4. Bad weather made it almost impossible to do any work.
5. Some fishermen told Skerry where the sharks were.
6. Skerry had to work without an assistant.
7. Skerry got into the water as soon as he saw a shark.
8. The shark spent some time swimming close to Skerry.
9. Skerry wasn’t sure what to do.
10.Skerry was pleased with the photos he took.

Questions 11-16: Find these words and expressions in the text. Choose the
correct meaning of these word in the context.

11. Spotted: photographed/ saw

12.High point: best moment/ top of the boat
13.Deal with: survive/ solve the problem
14.Workload: amount of work you have to do/ problems
15.Doubled: increased by twice as much/ increased by three times as much
16.Clicked: was quiet/ was successful

LISTENING:
Exercise 1: Listen and write down the numbers + nouns. (Recording 1_Mini test 3)

1. 34 million people

2. ______________

3. ______________

4. ______________

5. ______________

6. ______________

7. ______________
Exercise 2: For each question, write the correct answer in the gap. Write ONE
WORD or A NUMBER or A DATE or A TIME. (Recording 2_Mini test 3)

You will hear a boy leaving a message for a friend about a football match.

FOOTBALL MATCH

Day: Saturday

Name of stadium: 6. ___________

Bus number: 7. ___________

Cost of ticket: 8. ___________

Wear: 9. ___________

Bring: 10.___________

PROGRESS TEST 1

DAY 22: READING

READING PASSAGE 1: Read the text and answer questions 1 – 9.

The Musical Strauss Family

On 13 February 1867, the Austrian composer Johann Strauss II premiered his Blue Danube Waltz
in Vienna. It was not initially a runaway hit, but it has endured over the years and was even
featured in Stanley Kubrick’s film 2001: A Space Odyssey. No discussion of Blue Danube—or
Johann Strauss II—is complete without talking about Strauss’ family. His father, Johann Strauss
I, was also a composer, as were his brothers Josef and Eduard.
From humble beginnings, Johann Strauss I took up violin and viola as a young man and his talent
shone through. Eventually he started his own band in Vienna and toured Europe playing popular
dance music. His best-known work is widely considered to be 1848’s Radetzky March.
Though Johann Straus I attained success and even a certain celebrity, he expressly forbid his sons
to follow in his footsteps. But when his wife filed for divorce, Johann II, Josef, and Eduard were
free to pursue musical careers.
Johann I wanted Josef Strauss to pursue a military career. Instead, Josef became a prolific
composer, especially of waltzes, quadrilles, a type of music written for a dance performed by four
couples, and polkas, including the Pizzicato Polka of 1870.
Eduard was meant to go into government work, but he also found himself writing dance music in
Vienna. His specialty was the “quick polka,” such as 1863’s Ideal Polka-française.
Just to make things more confusing, Eduard had a son named Johann Strauss III, who composed
an operetta called Katze und Maus in 1898, but became better known as a conductor.

Questions 1-9: Complete the blanks with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A
NUMBER from the text.

Year Composition Composer

1…………………….. Pizzicato Polka 2……………………………..
1898 3……………………………… Johann Strauss III
.
4………………………….. Radetzky March 5……………………………
6……………………….. 7 Eduard Strauss
………………………………
8……………………….. Blue Danube Waltz 9.…………………………..
READING PASSAGE 2: Read the text and answer questions 10 – 19.

A. Computers and smart boards can already be found in many classrooms. Dictionaries are often
on a student’s mobile phone. Many people already take notes on tablet or laptop. In the language
classroom, people no longer listen to cassettes. When are people going to stop using CDs in
class?

B. Students learning Arabic will have a teacher based in the Middle East. They won’t be in the
classroom together – they will connect on the internet. Schools won’t have to go on expensive
trips to other countries. They will take virtual tours of some of the most famous Arabian sites.
Then they will have a conversation with Arabic students – in Arabic.

C. Students won’t take tests with a pen and paper. All tests will be done on a computer. They
won’t be marked by a teacher. The computer will mark the test. Parents will be able to download
electronic copies of everything their child does.

D. In South Korea, the government has said all test books will be available electronically by
2015. Some parts of the world won’t take long to catch up. So how long until we will never read
a paper book again?

Questions 10. What is the best title for the reading passage?
a. How we can learn about IT
b. Where will we study?
c. IT will do everything
d. Will we travel again?

Questions 11 – 14: Match the sentences with the paragraphs

a. Parents won’t go to see their children’s teacher

b. People learning Arabic will take tours by using their computer
c. Students will take tests on computers
d. Technology is already used by many students in the classroom
e. Korean books will all be electronic in 2015
f. We won’t have a teacher in the classroom

11. Paragraph A
12. Paragraph B
13. Paragraph C
14. Paragraph D

Questions 15 – 20. Match the words with the meanings below

15. connect 17. mark
16. virtual 18. trip
19. tour
a. to join 2 things together
b. a journey to a place and back again
c. a journey to see many places or things
d. to give a score for some work
e. not real

PROGRESS TEST 1

DAY 23: WRITING

Exercise 1: Put the words in the right order to make sentences.

1. months / form / usually / in / summer / the / hurricanes / .

2. weekend / never / at / studies / Tony / the / .
3. are / night / at / cold / sometimes / deserts / .
4. to / don’t / very / cinema / often / I / go / the / .
5. India / September / in / beautiful / always / weather / in / the / is / .

Exercise 2: Match the two halves of the sentence.

1. I speak three European languages, so

2. I worked in the summer holidays so

3. I lived in Spain for my gap year, so

4. I can’t drive, so
 5. I bought a new car so

a. that I had some money for this year.

b. they didn’t offer me the job.

c. they asked me to work in the European headquarters.

d. that I can drive to work.

e. I learnt a lot more Spanish.

Exercise 3: Correct the mistakes with and, too and also in the sentences.

1. Tayo is warm too friendly.

2. Helen is kind. She is too generous.
3. Lucia is honest also hardworking.
4. Paul is intelligent. He is funny and.

Exercise 4: Read the chart and the information. Is it similar to your day? Then complete
the chart below for your typical study day.

11 p.m. – 8 a.m.: sleep 2 p.m. – 4 p.m.: lessons

8 a.m. – 9 a.m.: breakfast 4 p.m. – 5 p.m.: independent study
9 a.m. – 10 a.m.: go to college 5 p.m. – 6 p.m.: gym
10 a.m. – 12 p.m.: lessons 6 p.m. – 7 p.m.: dinner
12 p.m. – 1 p.m.: independent study 7 p.m. – 9 p.m.: Facebook or emails
1 p.m. – 2 p.m.: lunch 9 p.m. – 11 p.m.: TV or movie watching

Write a paragraph to describe your typical study day.

PROGRESS TEST 1

DAY 24: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Match the following words which are related to each other in different ways.

1. Earn
2. Salary a. Colleague
3. Workmate b. Office
4. Job c. Win
5. Factory d. Wage
e. Work

Exercise 2: Complete the text using the words from Exercise 1.

Pair of words Examples

1. Factory workers are paid a weekly ……………….

Teachers are being offered .………………. of over £15,000 a year.

2. I had a part-time .………………. as a gardener when I was a

student.
 Coalminers .………………. in a dangerous and unpleasant
conditions.

3. He doesn’t .………………. enough to support his family.

If I .………………. the lottery, I’d buy a car.

4. Workers at the car .………………. complained about the noise of

the new machinery.

The lawyer’s .………………. is on the third floor.

He sometimes went for a drink after work with his .……………….

from the building site.

She discussed with her .………………. the possibility of a

promotion to senior manager.

Exercise 3: Complete the following table with the correct form of the words.

VERB NOUN ADJECTIVE

Succeed Successful

Live Life, Living

 Risk

Manage

encourage

Now use the words from the table above to fill the blanks in the following sentences.

1. My parents ………………. me to train as an accountant.

2. The shop’s ………………. locks up at the end of the day.
3. You can’t get rich without taking a few ………………. .
4. I took the exam but unfortunately I wasn’t ………………. .
5. My grandfather ………………. to the age of ninety-eight.

Exercise 4: Match the following terms with the correct definition from the choices given
below

the editor a journalist an illustrator a correspondent the Press

1. Someone who collects information for and writes news articles is ……………….
2. The person who provides the sketches and cartoons for the newspaper is
……………….
3. A collective term for certain media personnel is ……………….
4. Tbe person who decides the overall policy and content of the newspaper is
……………….
 5. A reporter working on a news story on the spot, e.g. in a foreign country, is
……………….

PROGRESS TEST 1
DAY 25: LISTENING
Exercise 1: Listen to two students, Etsuko and Ahmed talking about the Quebec Winter
Carnival. Circle the correct answers. (Recording_HW_Listening_DAY 25)
1. The carnival starts on …
A. Saturday B. Sunday C. Thursday
2. Etsuko really wants to see …
A. the canoe race B. the ice palace C. the snow bath
3. Ahmed likes …
A. watching sport B. cold weather C. playing sport
4. He doesn’t have …
A. a hat B. gloves C. a scarf
Exercise 2: Listen again and choose T (true) or F (false). (Recording_HW_Listening_DAY
25)
5. Ahmed likes winter. T F
6. Etsuko doesn’t like the weather in Canada. T F
7. Ahmed doesn’t want to see the ice palace. T F
8. Ahmed doesn’t want to watch the canoe race. T F
9. Etsuko wants to have a bath in the snow. T F

PROGRESS TEST 1

DAY 26: SPEAKING

Think of a special building. Make notes about it. Think about…

● What it is.

● Where it is.
 ● What you know about it.

● Why it is special for you.

Notes: You can practice using the words and expressions below:

● It’s a really spectacular building…

● It’s amazing in daylight…

● It looks very dramatic at night…

● It’s definitely my favorite building…

old huge stone glass ugly unusual modern fantastic concrete tall small brick wonderful

Notes: Record your answers.

PROGRESS TEST 1

DAY 27: GRAMMAR

CAN AND COULD

He can play the piano.

can + infinitive (can do / can play / can come etc.):
 I/ We/ You/ They/ He/ She/ can do
It cannot (can’t) play
see
come etc.

Can I/ We/ You/ They/ He/ She do?

+/ It play?
see?
come? Etc.

Rules:
❖ I can do something = I know how to do it or it is possible for me to do it.
● I can play the piano. My brother can play the piano too.
● Sarah can speak Italian but she can’t speak Chinese.
● “Can you swim?” “Yes, but I’m not a very good swimmer.”
❖ For the past (yesterday / last week etc.), we use could / couldn’t.
● When I was young, I could run very fast.
● I was tired last night but I couldn’t sleep.
❖ Can you … ? Could you … ? Can I … ? Could I …?
We use Can you … ? or Could you … ? when we ask people to do things:
● Can you open the door, please? or Could you open the door, please?
● Can you wait a moment, please? or Could you wait …?
We use Can I have … ? or Could I have … ? to ask for something:
● (in a shop) Can I have these postcards, please? or Could I have …?
Can I … ? or Could I … ? = is it OK to do something?:
● Tom, can I borrow your umbrella? or Tom, could I borrow your umbrella?
● (on the phone) Hello, can I speak to Gerry, please? or … could I speak …?
❖ Be able to do something = can do something
● Consumers are now able to buy the drug without a prescription.
● You might be able to get a temporary passport.
PRACTICE
I. Complete these sentences. Use can or can’t _ one of these verbs:
come find hear see speak
1. I’m sorry but we _________ to your party next Sunday.
 2. I like this hotel room. You ________ the mountains from the window.
3. You are speaking very quietly. I __________ you.
4. Have you seen my bag? I ___________ it.
5. Catherine got the job because she _________ five languages.
II. Complete these sentences. Use can’t or couldn’t + one of these verbs:
eat decide find go go sleep
1. I was tired but I __________.
2. I wasn’t hungry yesterday. I __________ my dinner.
3. Ann doesn’t know what to do. She __________.
4. I wanted to speak to Martin yesterday but I ________ him.
5. Jim _________ to the concert next Saturday. He has to work.
6. Paula ___________ to the meeting last week. She was ill.
III. Choose the correct answer.
1. ___ you hear the fireworks from your house last night?
a. Can     b. Can't     c. Could
2. Do you think you ___ write that report by Tuesday? I know you're very busy.
a. will be able to    b. couldn't     c. have been able to
3. I ___ touch my toes. See!
a. could     b. can     c. will be able to
4. I ___ spend another moment in that restaurant. It was too noisy.
a. can't    b. couldn't     c. have been able to
5. I ___ never seem to get the temperature right.
a. can     b. can't     c. to be able to
6. ___ play professional tennis, you must be extremely fit.
a. Couldn't     b. Will you be able to    c. To be able to
7. ___ you play an instrument?
a. Able to     b. Couldn't     c. Can
8. I'm afraid I ___ attend the meeting, I'm on business in Japan.
a. won't be able to    b. will be able to     c. can
9. ___ you have brought it to me at work?
a. Couldn't     b. Cannot     c. Will be able to
10. They ___ save the men from the sinking ship.
a. were able to     b. was able to     c. could to
IV. What do you say in these situations? Use can or could. Use the words in bracket (…).
PROGRESS TEST 1

DAY 28: MINI TEST 4

READING:
Exercise 1
The teddy bear is a child’s toy, a nice, soft stuffed animal suitable for cuddling. It is,
however, a toy with an interesting history behind it.
Theodore Roosevelt, or Teddy as he was commonly called, was president of the United
States from 1901 to 1909. He was an unusually active man with varied pastimes, one of which
was hunting. One day the president was invited to take part in a bear hunt; and inasmuch as
Teddy was president, his hosts wanted to ensure that he caught a bear. A bear was captured,
clunked over the head to knock it out, and tied to a tree; however, Teddy, who really wanted to
actually hunt, refused to shoot the bear and in fact demanded that the bear be extricated from
the ropes; that is, he demanded that the bear be set free.
The incident attracted a lot of attention among journalists. First a cartoon drawn by
Clifford K. Berryman to make fun of this situation-appeared in the Washington Post, and the
cartoon was widely distributed and reprinted throughout the country. Then toy manufacturers
began producing a toy bear which they called a “teddy bear”. The teddy bear became the most
widely recognized symbol of Roosevelt’s presidency.
Question 1: According to line 1 of the passage, what is a “teddy bear”?
(A) A ferocious animal
(B) The president of the United States
 (C) A famous hunter
(D) A plaything
Question 2: In line 4, “pastimes” could best be replaced by
(A) things that occurred in the past
(B) previous jobs
(C) hunting trips
(D) leisure activities
Question 3: The word “extricated” in line 8 is closest in meaning to which of the
following?
(A) Released
(B) Tied up
(C) Hunted
(D) Shot
Question 4: In line 10, a “cartoon” could best be described as
(A) a newspaper
(B) a type of teddy bear
(C) a drawing with a message
(D) a newspaper article
Exercise 2
Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo was a Portuguese-born explorer who is credited with the
exploration of the coast of what is today the state of California. Sketchy military records from
the period show that early in his career he served with the Spanish army from 1520 to 1524 in
Spain’s quest for subjugation of the people in what are today Cuba, Mexico, and Guatemala.
Little is known of his activities over the next decades, but apparently he succeeded in rising up
through the ranks of the military; in 1541, he was ordered by Antonio de Mendoza, the Spanish
ruler of Mexico, to explore the western coast of North America. Cabrillo set out in June of
1542 in command of two ships, the San Salvador and the Victoria; he reached San Diego Bay
on September 28, 1542, and claimed the terrain for Spain. The peninsula where he landed is
today named Cabrillo Point in his honor; the area has been established as a national monument
and park, and local residents each year hold a celebration and reenactment of Cabrillo’s
landing.
From San Diego, Cabrillo continued northward for further exploration of the
spectacular California coastline. By November 1542, he had reached as far north as San
Francisco Bay, although he missed the entrance of the bay due to a huge storm. Soon after,
with the approach of winter, he veered south and headed back to Mexico. He made it as far
south as the Channel Islands off the coast of what is today Santa Barbara. Cabrillo, who died on
San Miguel Island in the Channel Islands, never made it back to Mexico.
Question 5: The word “subjugation” in line 3 is closest in meaning to
(A) religion
 (B) flag
(C) control
(D) agreement
Question 6: In line 5, the word “decades” is closest in meaning to
(A) months
(B) centuries
(C) long epoch
(D) ten-year periods
Question 7: In line 8, the word “terrain” is closest in meaning to
(A) land
(B) population
(C) minerals
(D) prosperity
Question 8: The word “spectacular” in line 12 is closes in meaning to
(A) ruggedly handsome
(B) visually exciting
(C) completely uneven
(D) unendingly boring
Question 9: The word “veered” in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) arrived
(B) ran
(C) turned
(D) cooled

LISTENING:
Exercise 1: You will hear a group of students talking to a project they are planning to
present. Choose the correct letter, a, b or c. (Recording_Mini test 4_01)
1. Italian painting is
A. The subject
B. The topic
C. Course
2. Who originally wants to discuss one painter?
A. Edward
B. Farouk
C. Mandy
3. Mandy suggests
A. Michelangelo and Botticelli
B. Michelangelo
C. Michelangelo and Leonardo da Vinci
4. Beth suggests Botticelli because
A. Everyone else will choose him
B. His style of painting is different
C. He’s a great artist
Exercise 2: Listen to the recording and underline the words that are stressed.
(Recording_Mini test 4_02)
1. The first thing we have to decide is our topic.
2. So, that’s fixed then.
3. I think we should keep the blue bullet points.
4. I’ve put all our slides together.
5. So, let’s put Botticelli first, and follow with Michelangelo.
6. Make sure all the slides have the same style.

4A ARCHITECTURE

DAY 29: READING

READING PASSAGE 1: Read the text and answer questions 1 – 10.

 THE LEANING TOWER OF PISA

Pisa, in the middle of Tuscany, is home of one of the most famous towers in the
world.  The Leaning Tower is unique because it has been leaning to one side since
the Middle Ages. Apart from the Leaning Tower,
Pisa’s cathedral square also includes a baptistery and a church. Built
to symbolize Tuscany’s wealth, it attracts millions of visitors from around the
world. In the past two decades, efforts have been made to restore the tower and
save it from collapsing. 
Construction work began in the 12th century.  When the first three storeys of the
eight-storey building were finished, engineers noticed that the building did
not sink into its  3-metre deep foundation evenly. The soil underneath the building
was made up of soft clay.
Construction stopped for over a century. Workers tried to strengthen the foundation
of the building by putting more cement into it. When construction
was resumed, construction workers tried to compensate the slant by building the
uppers storey taller on the side that was sinking in. 
The Leaning Tower of Pisa weighs about 14 000 tons. Inside there are two spiral
staircases that lead to the bell chamber. In 1989, the Leaning Tower of Pisa became
a World Heritage Site.

Questions 1-10: Find the words in the passage and write no more than 1 word in each
blank to complete the summary
The Leaning Tower of Pisa is one of the most (1) ……………. towers in the world. It
weighs about (2) ……………. tons. It attracts (3) ……………. of visitors around the
world. Since the (4) ……………. Ages, the tower has been leaning to one side because
the engineers noticed that after finishing the first (5)……………. storeys, the building
did not sink (6)…………….. Workers tried to put more (7)……………. into the
(8)…………. of the building and built the upper storeys (9) ……………. on the side that
was sinking in. The Pisa became a World Heritage Site in (10) …………….

READING PASSAGE 2: Read the text and answer questions 11 – 19.

THE LOUVRE – THE FAMOUS MUSEUM IN THE HEART OF PARIS

The Louvre is one of the most famous museums in the world.  Located in the heart of
Paris and along the Seine River, it presents its visitors with an impressive collection of art
from all over the world.  Almost 10 million people visit the Louvre every year. The
museum has over a million pieces of art, but at the moment only 35,000 are on
display, spread over an area of 60,000 square metres.
The Louvre was built as a fortress in the 12th century. As time went on it expanded, as
some parts were rebuilt and new wings added. In the 16th and 17th centuries, the
Louvre served as the royal palace for French kings.  It became an art museum when the
French king Louis XVI moved his residence to Versailles. During the French Revolution,
the Louvre became a public museum. New collections have been added ever since.
The most famous painting in the Louvre is Leonardo da Vinci’s  Mona Lisa. 
The Renaissance painting is protected by bulletproof glass and museum guards. Other
popular works of art include the Code of Hammurabi, the Venus of Milo and The Dying
Slave by Michelangelo. 
In the 1980s, the Louvre was completely redesigned. A huge complex was built under the
courtyard. In front of the Louvre, there is a glass pyramid, through which people enter the
museum.

Questions 11 - 15. Choose the correct answer.

11. The Louvre served as the …………….for French kings
a. the royal palace b. the art museum
12. The Louvre was built in the …………….
a. 16th century b. 12th century
13. The most famous painting in the museum is …………….
a. Mona Lisa b. Venus of Milo
14. The museum became a public museum ……………._
a. in the 16th and 17th century b. during the French revolution
15. King Louis XVI moved his residence to …………….
a. Versailles b. the Louvre

Questions 16 – 19. Answer the following questions with NO MORE THAN 4 WORDS
AND / OR A NUMBER.
16. Where is the Louvre museum?
17. What is the painting Mona Lisa protected by?
18. Where can people enter the museum?
19. How many people visiting the Louvre every year?
4A ARCHITECTURE

DAY 30: WRITING

Exercise 1: Write a summary of the text about the Bank of China Tower. Use the sample
in exercise A5.

Exercise 2: Match sentences 1 – 5 with a – e. Rewrite them as one sentence using so. Don’t
forget the comma.

1. Sometimes we just want to get

information. a. He is learning everything about
2. A personal diary is only for software.
ourselves. b. We read the text quickly to find
3. George wants to work for a it
computer company one day. c. This is when hurricanes usually
4. Taxi drivers face traffic jams every form.
day. d. They often suffer from stress in
5. In the summer the oceans are very their work.
warm. e. We write in a very informal
way.

Exercise 3: Match sentences 1 – 6 with a – f. Rewrite them as one sentence using because
or so. Don’t forget the comma where necessary.

1. I want to visit the Louvre in

Paris. a. Most of the buildings are tall and
2. Paulo likes climbing mountains narrow.
3. Nora wants to work for a b. He is going to Switzerland for his
newspaper as a journalist. holidays.
4. Land is very expensive in c. She loves writing and enjoys
Hong Kong. meeting people.
5. India has a lot of rain in the d. They want to get away from the
summer months. noisy cities and stay in a quiet place.
6. In Russia people like to go to e. It is better to visit the country in the
their dachas in the summer. dry season.
 f. It has some beautiful paintings.

Exercise 4: Reason or result? Rewrite sentences a and b as one sentence, using because or
so.

1. A. Glass is a cheap and light material.

B. It is used in many modern buildings.

2. A. Everyone wants to visit the Burj Al Arab.

B. It is a very famous and unusual building.

3. A. It is important to take good notes.

B. They help you to understand what you read.

4. A. Shah Jehan decided to build a beautiful tomb for his wife.

B. He loved her very much.

5. A. Winters in Russia are very cold.

B. It is important to wear warm clothes.

6. A. The weather was perfect.

B. They decided to have lunch in the garden.

Exercise 5: Look at the notes you made about a famous building in exercise B5. Write a
paragraph to describe that building.
4A ARCHITECTURE

DAY 31: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Complete the diagram with types of building material using words from
Lesson 4A Student’s book. Add other words.

1.

Exercise 2: Label the picture of a house. Use the words in the box and a dictionary to
help.

Roof
Walls
Stairs
Door
Window
Garden
Ground floor
First floor
Second floor
Kitchen
Bathroom
Garage
Bedroom
Living room
Gate
 Terrace

Exercise 3: Complete the description of the house in Exercise 2. Use the words and
phrases in the box.

Around on the left is made of there is has

on the right in the centre is located there are was built

The house (1) ……………… in the suburbs, not far from the city centre. It (2) ………………
in 2006 and (3) ……………… stone and concrete. The style is modern and very simple. It (4)
……………… a flat roof and three floors. The garden is quite large and well designed. (5)
……………… of the house is a garage and (6) ……………… there is a terrace with plants. (7)
……………… several palm trees around the house and (8) ……………… of the garden is a
small pond. The house has four bedrooms and three bathrooms. There are high walls (9)
……………… the garden and (10)……………… a steel gate at the front.

Exercise 4: Match the names of buildings in London with their descriptions.

1. City Hall a. This building is also known as London’s

Central Criminal Court or Justice Hall and
was named after the road it was on.

2. The Old Bailey b. This is the building where the two Houses of
Parliament of the United Kingdom, the
House of Lords and The House of Commons,
are based.

3. The Gherkin c. This building is home to the Mayor of

London and the regional administrative
authority, consisting of over 600 members of
staff. It is located near the River Thames,
 where it contrasts strongly with more
traditional-looking buildings.

4. The Place of Westminster d. This is an office building, based at 30 St

Mary Axe. It got its name because it shaped
like a vegetable.

4B MODERN ARCHITECTURE
DAY 18: LISTENING
Exercise 1: Read the main points from a talk about studying architecture. Predict which
of these statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. Architecture students are usually the same type of person.
2. Some architecture graduates are imaginative, others are practical.
3. Architecture students have to be good learners.
4. All architecture students work as architects when they graduate.
5. You will only get work in the country where you studied.
Exercise 2: Listen and check your answers. (HWU4_01)
Exercise 3: Listen to a student talking about which college she goes to and the courses
she is taking. Underline the stressed words. (HWU04_02)
I’m from China. I study at DTU, the Design and Technology University. I’m
studying architecture and my courses include Design, Computer Graphics,
Physics, Maths and, of course, English.

4B MODERN ARCHITECTURE
DAY 19: SPEAKING
Exercise 1: Complete the table with the courses you are studying and your reasons
for choosing them.
Exercise 2: Practice talking about the courses you are taking and why. Use because and so
to talk about your reasons.
Exercise 3: Complete the table with the courses you studied in the past and your reasons
for choosing them.

Exercise 4: Work with a partner. Tell your partner which courses you are taking and why.
Use because and so to talk about your reasons.
Notes: Record your answers.

4B MODERN ARCHITECTURE
DAY 20: GRAMMAR
FUTURE TENSE
❖ I’m going to (do something)
● We use am/ is/ are going to… for the future.
o I am going to buy some books tomorrow.
 o Sarah is going to sell her car.
● We use am/ is/ are going to do something = I have decided to do it, my intention is to do
it.

● Something is going to happen = it is clear now that it is sure to happen.

o Look at the sky! It’s going to rain. (black clouds now 🡪 rain)
❖ Form:
(+): Subject am/ is/ are + going to + V
(-): Subject + am/ is/ are + not going to + V
(?): (Wh-questions) + am/ is/ are + Subject + going to V?
Yes, S + am/ is/ are No, S + am/ is/ are + not.
❖ Will/ shall do something
● We use will for the future (tomorrow / next week etc.):
o You can phone me this evening. I’ll be at home.
● We often say I think … will …:
o I think Diana will pass the exam.
● We do not use will for things we have arranged or decided to do. We use the present
continuous tense” for future arrangements.
o We are going to the cinema on Saturday. (not “We will go”)
● You can say I shall (= I will) and we shall (= we will). Do not use shall with you/ they/
he/ she/ it.

PRACTICE

I. Complete the sentences. Use going to + one of these verbs.

eat do give lie down stay walk wash watch wear

1. My hands are dirty. I____________ them.

2. What ____________ to the party tonight? (you)
 3. I don’t want to go home by bus. I _____________.
4. John is going to London next week. He ___________ with some friends.
5. I’m hungry. I _______________ this sandwich.
6. It’s Sharon’s birthday next week. We _____________ her a present.
7. Sue says she’s feeling very tired. She _____________ for an hour.
8. There’s a good film on TV this evening. _______ you _____________ it?
9. What _________ Rachel _________ when she leaves school?
II. What are you going to do today or tomorrow? Write five sentences.
1. I’m ________________________
2. ___________________________
3. ___________________________
4. ___________________________
5. ___________________________

III. Put in will or won’t.

● Don’t drink coffee before you go to bed. You won’t sleep.

1. “Are you ready yet?”. “Not yet. I ___________ be ready in five minutes.”
2. I’m going away for a few days. I’m leaving tonight, so I ________ be at home tomorrow.
3. It ___________ rain, so you don’t need to take an umbrella.
4. A. I don’t feel very well this morning.
B. Well, go to bed early and you __________ feel better in the morning.
5. It’s Bill’s birthday next Monday. He _________ be 25.
6. I’m sorry I was late this morning. It _________ happen again.

IV. Write sentences beginning I think …. or I don’t think ….

● (Diana will pass the exam) 🡪 I think Diana will pass the exam.
● (Diana won’t pass the exam) 🡪 I don’t think Diana will pass the exam.
1. (we’ll win the game) 🡪 I _____________________________
2. (I won’t be here tomorrow) 🡪 _________________________
3. (Sue will like her present) 🡪 __________________________
 4. (they won’t get married) 🡪 ___________________________
5. (you won’t enjoy the film) 🡪 _________________________

4A&B ARCHITECTURE

DAY 35: MINI TEST 5

READING:
Read the passage and answer questions 1 – 10.
THE ROLE OF EMOTION IN MEMORY
Does emotion help us remember? That's not an easy
question to answer, which is unsurprising when you
consider the complexities of emotion.
First of all, there are two, quite different, elements to
this question. The first concerns the emotional
content of the information you want to remember.
The second concerns the effect of your emotional
state on your learning and remembering.

The effect of emotional content

It does seem clear that, as a general rule, we
remember emotionally charged events better than
boring ones.
Latest research suggests that it is the emotions
aroused, not the personal significance of the event,
that makes such events easier to remember.
The memory of strongly emotional images and
events may be at the expense of other information.
Thus, you may be less likely to remember
information if it is followed by something that is
strongly emotional. This effect appears to be
stronger for women.
It does seem that memories are treated differently
depending on whether they are associated with
pleasant emotions or unpleasant ones, and that this
general rule appears to be affected by age and other
individual factors. Specifically, pleasant emotions
appear to fade more slowly from our memory than
unpleasant emotions, but among those with mild
depression, unpleasant and pleasant emotions tend to
fade evenly, while older adults seem to regulate their
emotions better than younger people, and may
encode less information that is negative.
An investigation of autobiographical memories
found that positive memories contained more
sensorial and contextual details than neutral or
negative memories (which didn't significantly differ
from each other in this regard). This was true
regardless of individual's personal coping styles.

● Emotionally charged events are remembered

better
● Pleasant emotions are usually remembered
better than unpleasant ones
● Positive memories contain more contextual
details (which in turn, helps memory)
● Strong emotion can impair memory for less
emotional events and information experienced at
the same time
● It's the emotional arousal, not the importance of
the information, that helps memory

Fill in the blanks with no more than THREE words.

1. We remember (1) …………… better than boring events.

2. Positive emotions contain more (2) …………… which helps memory.
3. What helps memory is the (3) ……………, not the importance of information.
4. Pleasant emotions seem to fade (4) …………… from our memory than unpleasant
emotions.
5. It’s not the (5) …………… of the (6) …………… that makes events easier to
remember.
6. There are (7) …………… different elements to the question “Does emotion help us
(8)……………?”
7. You maybe (9) …………… likely to remember info if it is followed by something
which is (10)…………….

LISTENING:
Exercise 1: Listen and choose the reasons she gives for taking these courses. (Recording
1_Mini test 5)
Courses Reasons

Architecture love designing buildings / want to get a good job

Design, Computer Graphics, Maths, will help me get a good job / I have no choice
Physics
 English I need it for my studies and work / I need it for
travelling

Exercise 2: Listen to Hassan and Etsuko talking about where they live. Choose the
correct answers. (Recording 2_Mini test 5)

1. Hassan is talking to a student from …

A. Egypt A. Japan B. Australia

0. His home is …

A. near the university A. far from the B. at the university

university

0. Etsuko is in a …

A. student hall A. house B. flat

0. There is a … near her home.

A. park B. station

A. shopping center

5A EDUCATION

DAY 36: READING

Read the passage below and answer the following questions.

INTERNATIONAL STUDENT IN CANADA PRIZE

Are you studying in Canada? Are you an international student? Then this competition is
for you? Are you helping other people? Is life at university in Canada changing you?
Enter the competition with a letter about your experiences. We are waiting to hear
about your life in Canada. Write a letter about it – and you can win a prize of $3,000.

1. My name’s Atakan and I’m studying geology at the University of

Calgary. I’m having a great time! Most evenings I party with friends – I
listen to music and go dancing. I like to meet other people and
practice my English. Because of my busy social life I’m not studying for my
undergraduate degree very much. Am I enjoying myself? Yes, I am!

2. I’m Karl and I’m an undergraduate student. I’m really enjoying my

time here. I’m studying biology at Montreal University and working
part time in a supermarket. I don’t miss my home in Germany and I’m
planning to stay in Canada. They way I see the world is changing because the
other workers in the supermarket are helping me to understand Canadian society.

3. My name’s Valli, I’m at the University of Toronto and I’m a

postgraduate student. My subject is languages and I’m doing very
well. But my real education is after class – I’m teaching Arabic to
young children in a local school. I’m helping my community and I’m learning
about my subject.

Questions 1 – 5: Complete the phrases with the verbs below.

enter help study win write

1. …………… a prize
 2. …………… a competition
3. …………… in a country
4. …………… other people
5. …………… a letter
Questions 6 – 9: Which student(s) is each sentence describing? Write Atakan, Karl or
Valli.
6. …………… has a job after class.
7. …………… is having a very good time.
8. …………… is helping people learn another language.
9. …………… and …………… are undergraduate students.
Questions 10 – 12: Choose the correct answers.
10. Atakan ……… work.
a. does a lot of b. doesn’t do much
11. Karl ……… to go back home to Germany.
a. wants b. doesn’t want
12. Valli is learning about her subject by ………
a. reading. b. teaching.
Questions 13 – 16: Find words and phrases in the reading passage which mean …
13. go out to meet people and dance (email 1) p………
14. work for a few hours a day (email 2) p………
15. people living together in a country or city (email 2) s………
16. people living together in a small area (email 3) c………
Questions 17 – 18: Match the student level, the degree and length of course.

1. undergraduate A. master degree i. three years

2. postgraduate B. bachelor degree ii. one year

5A EDUCATION

DAY 37: WRITING

Exercise 1: Read Study Skill

STUDY SKILL Linking ideas

However is similar to but. We use however and but to contrast ideas.
Look at sentences a and b. What differences are there?
a. George studies hard at university. However, he never does well in exams.
b. George studies hard at university, but he never does well in exams.

Match sentences 1 – 3 with sentences a – c. Rewrite them using however.

1. Some people think that 14 is too young a. He studied at Oxford University.

for university.
2. Yinan Wang was only 14 years old. b. He soon became fluent in the language.

c. Others believe that clever students should

3. At first, Yinan Wang could only speak a
not wait.
little English.

Exercise 2: Match sentences 1 – 6 with sentences a – f. Rewrite them using however and
but.

1. Peter likes Global Institute. a. They have to spend a lot of time away
from home.
2. Canada is one of the biggest countries in
b. Too much can cause skin cancer.
the world.
c. They cause a lot of pollution.
3. Pilots get good salaries.
d. He doesn’t like his course and wants to
4. Nancy is an excellent cook. change it.
5. The sun is a good source of vitamin D. e. She usually prefers to eat in the canteen.

6. Cars are an important part of modern life. f. It has a very small population.

Exercise 3: Look at the university advertisement in exercise B4. Write a letter or email to
the Admissions Office at IEC.

● Tell that which course you are interested in studying.

● Ask for an application form.
● Ask about applying online.
● Include personal details.

You should write at least 150 words.

5A EDUCATION

DAY 38: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Read Study Skill and match the rules of plurals.

STUDY SKILL Plurals

Look at the countable nouns and their plurals. Match groups of words 1-4 with
spelling rules a-d.
1. student / students, boy / boys, office / offices
2. country / countries, company / companies, university / universities
3. watch / watches, class / classes, box / boxes
4. mouse / mice, woman / women, child / children
a. nouns ending in consonant +y: change -y to -ies
b. nouns ending in -ch, -sh, -ss, -x, or -s: add -es
c. some nouns have irregular forms
 d. most nouns add -s

Complete the table of the plurals of the nouns in the box. Use the rules and your
dictionary to help.

magazine dictionary fax woman city hobby match

day company bookshelf address email virus knife

-s

-es

-ies

irregular
plurals

Exercise 2: Complete the diagrams with related words.

Exercise 3: Look at the text about Moscow University. What kind of information is
highlighted?

Exercise 4: Read at the text about Harvard University. Highlight the important
information.

5B HOW WE LEARN
DAY 39: LISTENING
Exercise 1: Look at the list of learning activities. Which do you think are best for each
learning style? Write A (Auditory), V (Visual), or T (Tactile).
Exercise 2: Listen and check your answers. (HW05_01)
Exercise 3: Listen and complete the table with the names of the intelligences. (HW05_02)
mathematical naturalist linguistic musical interpersonal

Intelligence Key ideas from the explanation

1. learn languages / spoken, written language

2. analyze problems / think logically

3. bodily-kinesthetic

4. spatial

5. compose, perform music

6. understand other people / work well in groups

7. intrapersonal
8. recognizing, naming / environment

Exercise 4: Listen again. Complete the table in Exercise 3 with the missing key ideas.
(HW05_02)

5B HOW WE LEARN
DAY 40: SPEAKING
Exercise 1: Write the expressions in the box in the correct place in the table below.

giving your opinion

agreeing

disagreeing

including someone

interrupting someone

Exercise 2: Write two statements about learning.

You learn more when you work in a group.
1.
2.
Exercise 3: Work with a partner. Discuss your statements from exercise 2. Express your
opinions, and agree and disagree with other students.
Notes: Record your answers.

5B HOW WE LEARN
DAY 41: GRAMMAR
MAY/ MIGHT
❖ We use may and might to talk about possible actions or happenings in the future.
● I haven’t decided yet where to go on holiday. I may go to Ireland. (= perhaps I will go
there)
● Take an umbrella with you. It might rain later. (= perhaps it will rain)
● The bus isn’t always one time. We might have to wait a few minutes. (= perhaps we will
have to wait).
❖ The negative forms are may not and might not:
● Amy may not go out tonight. She isn’t feeling well.
● There might not be enough time to discuss everything at the meeting.
❖ Compare will and may/ might:
● I’ll be late this evening. (for sure)
● I may/ might be late this evening. (possible)
❖ Usually you can use may or might. So you can say:
● I may go to Ireland = I might go to Ireland.
❖ But we use only might when the situation is not real:
● If they paid me better, I might work harder. (not I may work)
The situation here is not real because they do not pay me well, so I’m not going to work
harder.
❖ There is a continuous form: may/ migh be-ing. Compare this with will be-ing
● Don’t phone at 8.30. I might be watching (or I may be watching) the football match. (=
perhaps I’ll be watching it)
❖ We also use may/ might be-ing for possible plans. Compare:
● I’m going to Ireland in July. (for sure)
 ● I might be going (or I may be going) to Ireland soon. (possible)
❖ But you can also say I might go/ I may go with little difference in meaning.

PRACTICE

I. Write sentences with might.

1. Where are you going for your holidays? (to Ireland???)
I haven’t decided yet. I might go to Ireland.
2. What sort of car are you going to buy? (a Honda???)
I’m not sure yet. I ___________________________
3. When is Tom coming to see us? (on Saturday???)
He hasn’t said yet. ___________________________
4. Where are you going to hang that picture? (in the dining room???)
I haven’t made up my mind yet. _________________
5. What is Tanya going to do when she leaves school? (go to university???)
She’s still thinking about it. _____________________
II. Complete the sentences using might + the following:
bite break need slip wake
1. Don’t make too much noise. You ______________ the baby.
2. Be careful of that dog. It _____________ you.
3. Don’t throw that letter away. We _______________ it later.
4. Be careful. The footpath is very icy. You ___________________.
5. Don’t let the children play in this room. They ______________ something.
III. Complete the sentences with a verb in the correct form.
1. “Where’s Ben?” “I’m not sure. He might be having lunch.”
2. “Who’s that man with Anna?”“I’m not sure. It might _________ her brother.”
 3. A: Who was the man we saw with Anna yesterday?
B: I’m not sure. It may ____________ her brother.
4. A: What are those people doing by the side of the road?
B: I don’t know. I suppose they might ____________ for a bus.
5. “Is Sarah here?”. “I can’t see her. She may not ___________ yet.”
IV. Write sentences with might not.
1. I’m not sure that Liz will come to the party.
Liz ________________________________
2. I’m not sure that I’ll go out this evening.
I __________________________________
3. I’m not sure that we’ll be able to get tickets for the game.
We ________________________________
4. I’m not sure that Sam will be able to go out with us tonight.
Sam ___________________________________

5A+ 5B EDUCATION
DAY 42: MINI TEST 6
READING:
Read the passage and answer questions 1 – 9.
SIMPLE WAYS TO IMPROVE YOUR MEMORY

Whether you want to be a Jeopardy! champion or just need to remember where you parked your
car, here are 11 things you can do right now to turn your mind from a sieve into a steel trap.
A. Concentrate for eight seconds
These days we’re all about things being faster. That’s why this advice is invaluable: When you
really need to remember something, concentrate on it for at least eight seconds. That can seem
like a long time when you're running around trying to get a million things done, but it is worth it.
Studies have shown that eight seconds is the minimum amount of time it takes for a piece of
information to go from your short-term memory to your long-term memory.
B. Don’t walk through a doorway
We’ve all walked into a room and suddenly realized we can’t remember why we needed to be
there in the first place. Don’t worry, you’re not getting more forgetful—chances are it was the act
of walking through a doorway that made you go completely blank. Researchers found that
participants in both virtual and real-world studies were far more likely to forget what object they
had just placed in a container if they were asked right after walking through a doorway than if
they carried the object the same distance in a single room. Scientists have yet to figure out why,
but something about entering a new place seems to restart our memory.
C. Make a fist
If you’re having trouble remembering things at work, get a stress ball. The act of clenching your
fist, if done correctly, can significantly improve your ability to recall information. Studies show
that if you are right-handed, you should make a fist with your right hand before you try to
memorize a piece of information. Then when you need to remember it, clench your left hand (the
process is reversed for lefties.) Be sure to hold that position for a little while though; the study that
discovered this had the participants squeezing for a good 45 seconds before letting go.
D. Exercise
At this point we should just accept it that science considers exercise the cure for absolutely any
problem, and memory is no different. The physical act increases alertness and oxygen supply to
the brain, and may even increase cell growth in the parts of your brain responsible for memory.
One study found that right after light exercise, women were able to recall things better than they
could before working up a sweat. And while a quick jog can help you out right now, it is even
more effective over the long term. A different study found that women who kept fit over six
months significantly improved both their verbal and spatial memory.

Match these statements contained in whether paragraph A, B, C or D.

1. Woman can recall things better than they could before working up a sweat
2. Enter a new place seems to restart  our memory
3. A quick jog can help you memorize things
4. Get a stress ball if you want to remember things
5. Before trying to memorize information, you should make a fist with your right hand if
you are right-handed
6. Concentrate for at least 8 seconds if you really need to remember something.
7. We may realize that we can’t remember why we needed to be in one room in the first
place
 8. The minimum amount of time for a piece of info to go from your short - term memory to
long-term memory is 8 seconds
9. Woman who kept fit more than 6 months improved both their verbal  & spatial memory

LISTENING:
SECTION 1: For each question, choose the correct answer.
1. You will hear a girl talking about a video. Which part of the video didn’t she
understand?
A. the beginning
B. the middle
C. the end
2. You will hear two friends talking about a concert. What’s the boy’s opinion of the
concert?
A. it was boring
B. it was terrible
C. it was unusual
3. You will hear a boy talking to his dad about going to the city centre. Why are they
going to the city centre?
A. to meet someone
B. to buy something
C. to watch something
4. You will hear a teacher talking to his class. What information is he giving his
students?
A. they’re going to start a new project.
B. they are going to have their lesson outside.
C. they are going to have a longer lesson.
5. You will hear a boy talking about his sister, Emma. Who has Emma married?
A. an artist
B. a tour guide
C. a cook

SECTION 2: Questions 6-10.

You will hear Tommy talking to his friend Olga about their class party. For each question,
choose the correct answer.
6. Which date is the class party?
A. 25th June
B. 28th June
 C. 1st July
7. What does Olga think Tommy should wear to the party?
A. his black jeans
B. his blue shorts
C. his green T-shirt
8. What’s Olga worried about?
A. singing at the party
B. playing the guitar
C. helping tidy up
9. Why will Tommy arrive at the party late?
A. He’ll have to wait for a lift
B. There aren’t many buses
C. He wants to play tennis first
10. What’s Olga going to take to the party?
A. some balloons
B. some paper plates
C. some food

6A TECHNOLOGY

DAY 43: READING

Read the passage below and answer the following questions.

MOBILE TECHNOLOGY AND THE ART OF THE POSSIBLE

1. Have you ever wondered why you can’t send a text message (SMS) from your
laptop? Well, you can! For years, communications technology seemed to operate in two
separate worlds. On the one hand, there was a phone technology. Mobile (cell) phones
could be used almost anywhere, as long as the phone signal had coverage. And in the
early years of the 21st century, there weren’t many places left outside the reach of a
mobile phone network. On the other hand, there was the internet. In contrast to phone
networks, even today there are many places in the world where you won’t find a fast,
reliable internet connection. But while phones could talk to phones, and computers
could talk to computers, you couldn’t send a simple text message between the two
systems.
2. For people in richer countries, who had access to both systems, this may not have
been a huge problem. But all over the world there are people in remote areas who have a
huge need to share information simply and cheaply. Imagine you are a doctor about to
set off on a tour of remote villages. You need a quick and simple way to tell the village
health workers, pharmacists and others that you are on your way, and to find out what
specific needs – medicines, equipment – they have. The ideal solution would be to text
your messages, using and storing the information on a computer. And that wasn’t
possible before a man called Ken Banks wrote the software that allows phones and
computers to communicate with each other. Banks created the system, called
FrontlineSMS, after returning from a trip to southern Africa. ‘I wrote the software in
five weeks at a kitchen table,’ he says. ‘I made it a generic communications platform
that could be used for almost anything, and I made it free.’
3. Using FrontlineSMS requires simply a laptop computer and a mobile phone (even a
fairly old or recycled one), and a cable. ‘After downloading the free software online,
you never need the Internet again,’ Bank explains. ‘Attach a mobile phone to the
computer with a cable, type your message on the computer keyboard, select the people
you want to send it to from a contact list the software lets you create, and hit send. Since
it can run off an inexpensive laptop, it works for any organisation that wants to use text
messaging, even in remote locations with unreliable electricity.’
4. One story of how FrontlineSMS works comes from Malawi. A rural healthcare
network serving 150,000 people was revolutionised when a college student arrived with
a hundred recycled phones and a laptop loaded with the software – saving a thousand
hours of doctor time, thousands of dollars in fuel costs, and doubling the number of
patients cared for.
5. Today FrontlineSMS delivers vital information in more than 50 countries and Banks
is also launching a website through which concerned people in the developed world can
donate text messages. But perhaps the most remarkable thing of all is that, having come
up with such an innovative solution, Ken Banks didn’t sell his idea to a huge
multinational communications company. He simply gave it, free, to the people who
could really benefit from it.

Questions 1 – 7: Which paragraphs mention these things?

1. two types of communications technology

2. how FrontlineSMS works
3. what’s next for FrontlineSMS
4. a connection between 2 systems
5. an example of the system in action
 6. communications problems facing people in remote areas
7. one way in which Ken Banks surprised people

Questions 8 – 11: Answer these questions in your own words

8. According to paragraph 1, what specific problem existed between phones and

computers?

9. How exactly did Ken Banks solve this problem?

10. What’s different about the way a laptop is used with FrontlineSMS?

11. What kind of people or organisations use the system?

6A TECHNOLOGY

DAY 44: WRITING

Exercise 1: Complete the example sentences.

1. There are many different makes of television, for example ………….. .

2. A Sat Nav has many uses. For example, we ………….. .
3. We cannot live without modern inventions, such as ………….., because they are a part
of our way of life.
4. There are many types of sports cars, ………….. .

Exercise 2: Put the words in order to make sentences.

1. to / metal / used / jewellery / is / gold / make / a / which / .
2. clothes / a / washes / washing machine / that / is / machine / a / .
3. lives / a / an / is / large / Africa / elephant / which / in / animal / very / .
4. causes / storm / a / damage / that / a lot of / is / hurricane / a / tropical / .
5. a kind of / is / that / like / a / person / robot / works / a / machine / .

Exercise 3: Read about satellites. Correct the spelling and grammar mistakes.
Exercise 4: Read about laptops in exercise B4 (Student’s book) again.
Use your notes about a device from exercise B5 (Student’s book) to write a similar
paragraph (50 – 80 words). Include a definition and examples.

6A TECHNOLOGY

DAY 45: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Read Study Skill.

STUDY SKILL Homophones

Homophones are words which sound the same, but have different spellings and
different meanings.
For example, meat and meet.
Can I meet you at seven this evening?
Meat and rice is my favourite dish.
Learners of English often misspell these words.

1. The mechanic doesn’t ………. how to fix the car, and I have ………. idea. (no / know)
2. I like autumn. ………. the best season in my country. (it’s / its)
3. I think that fourteen is ………. young for a child ………. go to university. (to / too)
4. ………. are a lot of mistakes in ………. report. ………. writing it again.
(they’re/ there / their)

Exercise 2: Complete the table with inventions from the box. Are they forms of transport,
for word and study, or for the home? Then add other inventions to the table.
 the metro a fax machine a washing an aeroplane a train
machine

a photocopier a printer a dishwasher a microwave

Transport Work/Study Home

Exercise 3: Complete the sentences using words from the box.

calculate distance accurate locate device

network lost portable exactly launch

1. You can carry it easily in your pocket. It is ………….. .

2. I don’t know where we are. We are completely ………….. .
3. My watch is not very ………….. . It is ten minutes slow at the moment.
4. How can you ………….. the average age of people in the class?
5. They use rockets to ………….. the satellites into space.
6. I know ………….. where we are. We are here – on this street.
7. The World Wide Web is an international ………….. of computers.
8. What’s the ………….. from your home to the college?
9. A tin-opener is a very simple ………….., but a very important one.
10. In the past, sailors and travellers used the sun and the stars to ………….. their position.

Exercise 4. Write the words for these definitions.

1. a piece of paper to show you’ve paid for something: r…………

2. a piece of paper with the price you need to pay for something: b……………….
 3. coins and notes: c……………..
4. information about money going into and out of your account: b…………………
s………………
5. something you can use instead of money: d………….. c……………..
6. a method of payment without cash or cards: b…………….. t…………….

6B Living with technology

DAY 46: LISTENING
Exercise 1: Listen to the last part of the podcast. The speaker is talking about how to
choose the best technology. Complete the table with the speaker’s criteria and questions.
(Recording HW06_01)
Criteria Questions
1. __________ on our lives Which had had the biggest ___________?

2. __________ for money Which is the best _________?

3. ___________ Which is the most _________?

Exercise 2: Listen to three people introducing their talks and make a note of the topics.
(Recording HW06_02)
Speaker Topic Examples
A

B
 C

Exercise 3: Listen again and make a note of one example each person gives. (Recording
HWU06_02)

6B Living with technology

DAY 47: SPEAKING
Exercise 1: Read and listen to the text. Underline the stressed words and syllables
as you listen. (Recording HW06_03)

These bicycles ambulances help solve a common but very serious problem in developing
countries. How do you get someone to hospital when they are ill or injured? Hospitals
are usually quite far from the remote villages where people live, ambulances are
expensive, and there are often no good roads for them.

Exercise 2: Work with a partner. Practice reading the text aloud.

Exercise 3: In pairs, decide which modern development in technology you will

research. Then complete the table below with your information.

Topic: Modern development in technology

Focus

What?

Who?

When?

Why?
Key numbers and words

Source

Notes: Record your answers.

6B LIVING WITH TECHNOLOGY

DAY 48: GRAMMAR
Passive 1 (is done / was done)
❖ Study this example:

When we use an active verb, we say what the subject does:

● My grandfather was a builder. He built this house in 1961.
● It’s a big company. It employs two hundred people.
When we use a passive verb, we say what happens to the subject:
● “How old is this house?” “It was built in 1961.”
● Two hundred people are employed by the company.
❖ When we use the passive, who or what causes the action is often unknown or
unimportant:
● A lot of money was stolen in the robbery. (Somebody stole it, but we don’t know
who)
❖ If we want to say who does or what causes the action, we use by:
● This house was built by my grandfather.
● Two hundred people are employed by the company.
❖ The passive is:
 The past participle of regular verbs is –ed (cleaned / damaged etc.)

Study the active and passive forms of the present simple and past simple.

PRACTICE

I. Complete the sentences using one of these verbs in the correct form, present or past:

cause damage hold invite make

overtake show surround translate write

1. Many accidents are caused by dangerous driving.

2. Cheese ___________ from milk.
3. The roof of the building _________ in a storm a few days ago.
 4. You ________ to the wedding. Why didn’t you go?
5. A cinema is a place where films _________.
6. In the US, elections for president ________ every four years.
7. Originally the book __________ in Spanish, a few years ago it _________ into English.
8. Although we were driving fast, we ________ by a lot of other cars.
9. You can’t see the house from the road. It _______ by trees.
II. Write questions using the passive. Some are present and some are past.
1. Ask about glass. (how / make?) How is glass made?
2. Ask about television. (when / invent?) ___________________
3. Ask about mountains. (how / form?) ___________________
4. Ask about antibiotics. (when / discover?) ___________________
5. Ask about silver. (what / use for?) ___________________
III. Put the verb into the correct form, present simple or past simple, active or passive.
1. It’s a big factory. Five hundred people are employed (employ) there.
2. Did somebody clean (somebody / clean) this room yesterday?
3. Water _________ (cover) most of the earth’s surface.
4. How much of the earth’s surface ________ (cover) by water?
5. The park gates ________ (lock) at 6.30 every evening.
6. The letter __________ (send) a week ago and it (arrive) ________ yesterday.
7. The boat hit a rock and _________ (sink) quickly. Fortunately, everybody ________
(rescue)
8. Robert’s parents __________ (die) when he was very young. He and his sister ________
(bring up) by their grandparents.
9. I was born in London, but I __________ (grow up) in Canada.
10. While I was on holiday, my camera __________ (steal) from my hotel room.
11. While I was on holiday, my camera ___________ (disappear) from my hotel room.
12. Why _____________ (Sue / resign) from her job? Didn’t she enjoy it?
13. Why _____________ (Ben / fire) from his job? Did he do something wrong?
14. The company is not independent. It ________ (own) by much larger company.
15. I saw an accident last night. Somebody _________ (call) an ambulance but nobody
________ (injure), so the ambulance __________ (not need).

6A+ 6B TECHNOLOGY
DAY 49: MINI TEST 7
READING:
Read the passage and answer questions 1 – 12.

Is Science Dangerous?
By Lewis Wolpert

The idea that scientific knowledge is dangerous is deeply embedded in our culture. Adam and
Eve were forbidden to eat from the Tree of Knowledge, and in Milton's ‘Paradise Lost’ the
serpent addresses the tree as the 'Mother of Science'. Indeed the whole of western literature has
not been kind to scientists and is filled with images of them meddling with nature with
disastrous results. Just consider Shelley's ‘Frankenstein’, Goethe's ‘Faust’ and Huxley's ‘Brave
New World’. One will search with very little success for a novel in which scientists come out
well - the persistent image is that of scientists as a soulless group unconcerned with ethical
issues. And where is there a film sympathetic to science?

Part of the problem is the conflation of science and technology. The distinction between science
and technology, between knowledge and understanding on the one hand and the application of
that knowledge to making something, or using it in some practical way, is fundamental.

Science produces ideas about how the world works, whereas the ideas in technology result in
usable objects. Technology is much older than anything one could regard as science and
unaided by any science. Technology gave rise to the crafts of early humans, like agriculture and
metalworking. It is technology that carries with it ethical issues, from motorcar production to
cloning a human.

By contrast, reliable scientific knowledge is value-free and has no moral or ethical value.
Science merely tells us how the world is. That we are not at the centre of the universe is neither
good nor bad, nor is the possibility that genes can influence our intelligence or our behaviour.

The social obligations that scientists have as distinct from those responsibilities they share with
all citizens comes from them having access to specialised knowledge of how the world works,
not easily accessible to others. Their obligation is to both make public any social implications
of their work and its possible applications and to give some assessment of its reliability.

It is not easy to find examples of scientists as a group behaving immorally or in a dangerous

manner, the classic paradigm being the eugenics movement. The scientific assumptions behind
this proposal are crucial; the assumption is that most desirable and undesirable human
attributes are inherited. Not only was talent perceived of as being inherited, but so too were
insanity and any kind of so-called feeblemindedness. They completely failed to give an
assessment of the reliability of their ideas. Quite the contrary, and even more blameworthy,
their conclusions seem to have been driven by what they saw as the desirable social
implications. By contrast, in relation to the building of the atomic bomb, scientists behaved
morally and fulfilled their social obligations by informing their governments about the
implications of atomic theory. It was an enormous engineering feat to build the bomb but the
decision to do this was taken by politicians, not scientists.

The moralists have been out in force telling us of the horrors of cloning. Many others, national
leaders included, have joined in a chorus of horror. But what horrors? What ethical issues? In
all the righteous indignation not a single relevant new ethical issue has been spelled out.

Those who propose to clone a human are medical technologists not scientists. It is not, as the
bio-moralists claim, that scientific innovation has outstripped our social and moral codes. Just
the opposite is the case. Their obsession with the life of the embryo has deflected our attention
away from the real issue, which is how children are raised and nurtured. The ills in our society
have nothing to do with assisting or preventing reproduction but are profoundly affected by
how children are treated.

Questions 1-6: Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage.
Write:

TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage

FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage
NOT GIVEN if the information is not given in the passage
1. The film industry does not make films about science.  
2. Scientists do not work in unison when deciding what needs to be researched.  
3. Parents want to have cloned children now.  
4. Technology was important before the development of science.  
5. Many people consider cloning to be undesirable.  
6. Science and Technology must be seen as separate entities.  

Question 7: Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for your answer.

7. What influenced the eugenics movement when they were summarizing the findings of
their research? 
Questions 8-11: Choose ONE phrase from the list of phrases A - H below to complete each of
the following sentences.

List of Phrases

A work in groups in an unethical way

В was responsible for helping to develop basic trades and skills

С scientists are portrayed as being irreligious

D does not make moral judgements

E become involved in hazardous research

F scientists are seen to interfere with nature

G does not help us to understand how the world works

H is more concerned with ethics than research

8. In literature  
9. Technology
10. Science  
11. Rarely do scientists  

A our position in the universe.

B how intelligence affects our behavior.
C what the world is really like.
D scientists have special social
obligations.
Question 12: Choose the best answer А, В, С or D.
12. According to the writer, Science shows us

LISTENING:
Exercise 1: Listen to part of a talk on worldwide telephone use. Write the title of the slide.
(Recording 01_Mini test 7)
Exercise 2: Listen and complete the numbers on the slide. (Recording 02_Mini test 7)
Exercise 3: Practice saying the numbers on the slide. Then practice presenting the
information.

PROGRESS TEST 2

DAY 50: READING

Passage 1: Read the passage below and answer the following questions.

Could the Futuristic Traveling Tube Become a Reality?

It sounds like something straight out of a science fiction movie or a silly cartoon:
a futuristic traveling tube that can quickly shoot people wherever they want to go,
inside a tiny pod. But this may be just around the corner for people looking for a
faster, easier, and cheaper‐than‐ever way to travel. South African‐American
inventor and billionaire Elon Musk, who, in the past, has worked on both private
space flight and electric cars, recently announced he has been working on the
design of this traveling tube, which could forever change the way we travel the
world. In an interview, Musk described the new tube as a fifth kind of
transportation. “We have planes, trains, automobiles, and boats,” he explained.
“What if there was a fifth mode? I have a name for it, [it’s] called the Hyperloop.”
The Hyperloop would have the power to cut back on travel time between major
cities like Los Angeles and San Francisco, which is what inspired Musk to design
the Hyperloop in the first place. Musk stated in an interview that he actually came
up with the idea for the Hyperloop while thinking about the train that takes people
between Los Angeles and San Francisco—it is known for being one of the
slowest in the country. “This system I have in mind...can never crash, is immune
to weather, it goes three or four times faster than the bullet train…it goes an
average speed of twice what an aircraft would do,” explained Musk. “You would
go from downtown L.A. to downtown San Francisco in under 30 minutes,” he
added. “It would cost you much less than an air ticket [and less] than any other
mode of transport.”
People using the Hyperloop would shoot around in pods, which are each just over
six‐and‐a‐half feet across, and the pods would travel through tubes located either
above ground or under water, though Musk has not yet released his final design
drawings. Additionally, Musk believes the Hyperloop could be completely
powered by the sun—making it more environmentally friendly than cars,
airplanes, or train systems. Someday it could possibly move people between the
East and West Coasts of the United States in less than an hour, which is faster
than any other mode of transportation that exists. Eventually, the Hyperloop
would be able to move people around the world. The Hyperloop could even run
24/7, be cheap, and allow people to travel on their own schedule. People could
show up at the Hyperloop station whenever they want and be quickly sent on their
way. Musk is not the first person outside of science fiction novelists to dream up
vacuum tube technology for moving people. The idea has been around for some
time, and inventors in other countries, including China, are reportedly working on
similar technology.

Questions 1 – 6: Choose A, B, C or D for each question below.

1. What is the Hyperloop?

a. an electric car that Elon Musk is designing

b. a private spaceship that Elon Musk is designing
c. a traveling tube that Elon Musk is designing
d. a bullet train that Elon Musk is designing
2. What does this passage describe?
a. This passage describes a traveling tube that could help people get around in the future.
b. This passage describes the costs of building traveling tubes around the world.
c. This passage describes the damage that cars, planes, and trains do to the environment.
d. This passage describes the reasons that people are looking for a cheaper-than-ever way to
travel.

3. If built, the Hyperloop would be faster than any other type of transportation. What
evidence from the passage supports this statement?
a. People using the Hyperloop would travel in pods that are about six-and-a-half feet across.
b. The Hyperloop is being designed to travel at twice the speed of an airplane.
c. Right now people can fly, drive, or take a train to get from Los Angeles to San Francisco.
d. Inventors in other countries are working on technology similar to the Hyperloop.

4. Based on information in the passage, what is one reason that people might want
to use the Hyperloop instead of other kinds of transportation?
a. People with motion sickness might not be able to handle the Hyperloop.
b. People are tired of using the same four kinds of transportation over and over.
c. The Hyperloop could take people to places where planes and trains do not  go.
d. People would not have to pay as much to use the  Hyperloop.

5. What is this passage mainly about?

a. science fiction movies and cartoons featuring futuristic traveling tubes with tiny pods
b. the interest that inventor Elon Musk has in private space flight and electric cars
c. why the train between Los Angeles and San Francisco is one of the slowest in the country
d. a tube that could make travel in the future easier, faster, and cheaper

6. Read the following sentences: "Additionally, Musk believes the Hyperloop could be
completely powered by the sun - making it more environmentally friendly than cars,
airplanes, or train systems. Someday it could possibly move people between the East and
West Coasts of the United States in less than an hour, which is faster than any other mode of
transportation that exists."
What does the word mode mean in the sentence above?
a. ticket
b. type
c. train
d. travel

Passage 2: Read the text and match the headings with the paragraphs
A. The unlucky child
B. The importance of birth order
C. Why does this happen?
D. A future film star?
E. The best position
1____________________________
Do you have brothers or sisters or are you an only child? Are you the oldest, the youngest or
somewhere in the middle? These are important questions because the position influences your
personality and your future success.
2 ____________________________
Middle children are often good at making everyone happy. Unfortunately they are not usually
rich. Often they are not well-educated and don’t have a good job. They get less attention than
older children, and less money and time are spent on them. Don’t worry about being a middle
child though – famous and successful middle children include Bill Gates, JFK and Madonna.
3 ____________________________
The youngest children are often very creative. They are given lots of attention from their older
brothers and sisters. So their games and entertainment are often more creative. Many youngest
children have successful careers in journalism, sales and arts. Lots of famous actors and
actresses are youngest children.
4 ____________________________
The most successful children are only children and first born children. More than half of all
Nobel Prize winners and U.S. presidents are first born children. Also more people studying
medicine, law and engineering are first born than middle or youngest. While middle children
are easy-going, first-borns are ambitious and aggressive. They are also often more intelligent
and have a higher IQ than their siblings.
5 ____________________________
So how can we explain these differences? Well, first born and only children have more
attention. With regards to only children – there is more money in a small family, so more
money is spent on them. The diet of children can also be different because more money is spent
on food in smaller families. First borns and only children are spoken to more like an adult and
spend more time with adults. As a result, if the family has another child, the oldest becomes
like another parent

PROGRESS TEST 2
DAY 51: WRITING

Exercise 1: Choose a word in the box to fill in each blank.

appreciate also finally reference know

first of all forward further grateful mind

Dear Sir/Madam,
I am writing in 1   to the home exchange service that you offer on your website.
We are a family of four who have been considering the possibility of exchanging our
main home for some time and we would be 2   if you could answer a few
questions.
3  , I would like to 4   if some kind of insurance is included in the fee
that you charge for your services. We have our own home insurer, but we are not sure if
we should talk to them before doing an exchange. I would 5   some information
on this point.
I would 6   like to know if pets can be included in the exchange. We have a cat
and we do not have anybody to look after him while we are away. Could you tell me if
exchanging pets or leaving a pet in the care of the people who are coming to your home
is a common practice?
7  , I would be interested to receive 8   information about the
confirmation process. Would you 9   telling me if there is an exchange contract
that needs to be signed before your exchange?
We would appreciate it if you could answer these questions. I look 10   to
hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
Stephanie Clark.

Exercise 2: You have decided to apply for the job advertised below. Write a covering letter to
go with your CV to apply for the job.

Write around 220 words.

 ACTIVITY HOLIDAY ORGANIZER ON NHA TRANG
Are you ... Do you ...
- aged between 18 and 30? - like kids?
- energetic? - like sport?
- good at organizing people?
Then come and join us as a leader for a summer holiday of fun, looking after
groups of kids at our sports camp!

Send your CV to: Ngoc Anh Pham (Ms) at 12 Tran Phu, Nha Trang, Khanh Hoa,
Vietnam

PROGRESS TEST

DAY 52: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Choose the correct answer, A, B, C or D, to complete the sentences.

1. A successful business person needs to be able to ……………… decisions quickly.

A. do C. find
B. make D. see
2. If you’re good at computer games, you’re probably good at solving ……………… .
A. questions C. projects
B. decisions D. problems
3. Sarah ……………… it really difficult to get to work on time.
A. finds C. got
B. found D. had
4. She ……………… lost on the way to work on the first day.
A. went C. got
B. found D. had
5. She didn’t ……………… which bus to take before she left home.
 A. try C. learn
B. find out D. understand
6. Just try to ……………… your best in the interview.
A. have C. say
B. be D. do
7. Tom’s boss is a bit ……………… with him at the moment.
A. annoyed C. annoying
B. worried D. worrying

Exercise 2: Complete the table with one word from the box.

teacher rules detention uniform canteen

staff room assembly discussion secretary punished

Class 9B is in trouble at the moment! They have all got a (1) ……………… because they were
talking all the way through (2) ……………… this morning. Sarah says it’s very unfair, because
only two or three people were breaking the (3) ……………… . She decides to go and talk to
the head (4) ……………… at lunch time. Before they go, they check that they are wearing the
correct (5) ………………, as they don’t want to get (6) ……………… for that, as well! She
and Helen knock on the door of the (7) ………………, but the head isn’t there. The school (8)
……………… says she is probably having her lunch in the (9)……………… . They
wait till she has finished eating, and then they have a sensible (10)……………… with her
about the problem. The rest of the class are really proud of them, and no one has to stay after
school!

Exercise 3: Write the correct form of the word in brackets to complete the sentences.

1. Have you seen the ………….. for this new mobile phone? It looks fantastic!
ADVERTISE
2. My old phone is not very hi-tech, but it’s always been………….. . RELY
3. I think a good camera is very ………….. in a phone. USE
4. It’s ………….. to send pictures on my old phone, so it’s not much use to me.
POSSBILE
5. Some people say mobile phones can ………….. , especially to children. HARM
6. Have you seen Ellen’s phone? It’s a very ………….. colour. It’s pink. USUAL
7. It’s very ………….., so it won’t get lost so easily. NOTICE
8. My mum thinks this obsession with technology is ………….. . TERROR
 9. I’ve been trying to upgrade my old phone, but I haven’t been ………….. yet.
SUCCESS
You have to wait for ages on the phone. It’s so …………..! BORE

PROGRESS TEST 2
DAY 53: LISTENING

Exercise 1: For each question, write the correct answer in the gap. Write one word or a
number or a date for each answer. (Recording HW_01)
You will hear a boy leaving a message for a friend about some homework.
Homework
Subject: English
What to write: 1. ____________
Number of words: 2. ____________
Remember to add: 3. ____________
Get ideas from: 4. www. ____________. com
Date to give to teacher: 5. ______________

Exercise 2: For each question, choose the correct answer. (Recording_HW02)

You will hear Dan talking to a shop assistant in a sports shop.
6. Dan thinks plastic skateboards are
A. cheap
B. popular
C. light
7. What color skateboard does Dan prefer?
A. purple
B. yellow
C. grey
8. The shop assistant says the best skateboard for Dan is about
A. 16 cm wide
B. 18 cm wide
C. 20 cm wide
9. What free gift can Dan get from the shop?
A. a backpack
B. some gloves
C. a scarf
10. When will Dan buy a skateboard?
A. on Wednesday
B. on Friday
C. on Saturday

PROGRESS TEST 2
DAY 54: SPEAKING
Exercise 1:
Exercise 2: Write four controversial statements to discuss with a partner. Use the topics
below or your own ideas.

Exercise 3: In groups of three, discuss each statement in turn using the phrases in
Exercise 1. The aim is to try to use as many of the phrases from Exercise 1 as possible
during each discussion. Each time you say one of the phrase, you score a point and put a
tick in the table. The student with the most points after all the statements have been
discussed wins.

Notes: Record your answers.

PROGRESS TEST 2
DAY 55: GRAMMAR
Passive 2 (be done/ been done/ being done)
❖ Study this example:
 ● The situation is serious. Something must be done before it’s too late.
● A mystery is something that can’t be explained.
● Please go away. I want to be left alone.
❖ Perfect infinitive

● I should have received the letter by now. It might have been sent to the wrong
address.
● If you had locked the car, it wouldn’t have been stolen.
❖ Present Perfect

● Have you heard? The trip has been canceled.

● Have you ever been bitten by a dog?
❖ Past perfect

● The vegetables didn’t taste good. They had been cooked too long.
● The car was three years old, but hadn’t been used very much.
❖ Present continuous

● There’s somebody walking behind us. I think we are being followed.

❖ Past continuous
 ● There was somebody walking behind us. I think we were being followed.

PRACTICE

I. Complete these sentences with the following verbs (in the correct form):

Sometimes you need have (might have, should have etc.).

1. The situation is serious. Something must be done before it’s too late.
2. I should have received the letter by now. It might have been sent to the wrong
address.
3. A decision will not ___________ until the next meeting.
4. Do you think that more money should ___________ on education?
5. This road is in very bad condition. It should __________ a long time ago.
6. The injured man couldn’t walk and had to ___________.
7. I told the hotel receptionist I wanted to __________ at 6.30 the next morning.
8. If you hadn’t pushed the policeman, you wouldn’t ____________.
9. It’s not certain how the fire started, but it might ___________ by an electrical fault.
II. Rewrite these sentences. Instead of using somebody or they etc., write a passive
sentence.
1. Somebody has cleaned the room.
The room has been cleaned.
2. Somebody is using the computer right now.
The computer _______________________
3. I didn’t realize that somebody was recording our conversation.
I didn’t realize that __________________________________
4. When we got to the stadium, we found that they had cancelled the game.
When we got to the stadium, we found that _______________
5. They are building a new ring road round the city.
 ________________________________________
6. They have built a new hospital near the airport.
________________________________________
III. Make sentences from the words in brackets. Sometimes the verb is active, sometimes
passive.
1. There’s somebody behind us. (I think / we/ follow). I think we are being followed.
2. This room looks different. (you / paint / the walls?) Have you painted the walls?
3. My car has disappeared. (it / steal!)
It _______________________
4. My umbrella has disappeared. (somebody / take)
Somebody ___________________
5. Sam gets a higher salary now. (he / promote)
He __________________________
6. Ann can’t use her office this week. (it / redecorate)
It ___________________________
7. A neighbor of mine disappeared six months ago. (he / not/ see / since then)
He __________________________
8. I wonder how Jane is these days. (I / not / see / for ages).
I ____________________________

PROGRESS TEST
DAY 56: MINI TEST 8
READING:
Read the passage and answer questions 1 – 10.
Bringing up children
It is generally accepted that the experiences of the child in his first years largely determine his
character and later personality. Every experience teaches the child something and the effects are
cumulative. "Upbringing" is normally used to refer to the treatment and training of the child
within the home. This is closely related to the treatment and training of the child in school, which
is usually distinguished by the term "education". In a society such as ours, both parents and
teachers are responsible for the opportunities provided for the development of the child, so that
upbringing and education are interdependent.
The ideals and practices of child rearing vary from culture to culture. In general, the more rural
the community, the more uniform are the customs of child upbringing. In more technologically
developed societies, the period of childhood and adolescence tends to be extended over a long
time, resulting in more opportunity for education and greater variety in character development.
Parents can ascertain what is normal in physical, mental and social development, by referring to
some of the many books based on scientific knowledge in these areas, or, less reliably, since the
sample is smaller, by comparing notes with friends and relatives who have children.
Intelligent parents, however, realize that the particular setting of each family is unique, and there
can be no rigid general rules. They use general information only as a guide in making decisions
and solving problems. For example, they will need specific suggestions for problems such as
speech defects or backwardness in learning to walk or control of bodily functions. In the more
general sense, though, problems of upbringing are recognized to be problems of relationships
within the individual family, the first necessity being a secure emotional background with parents
who are united in their attitude to their children.
All parents have to solve the problems of freedom and discipline. The younger the child, the more
readily the mother gives in to his demands to avoid disappointing him. She knows that if his
energies are not given an outlet, her child's continuing development may be warped. An example
of this is the young child's need to play with mud and sand and water.
A child must be allowed to enjoy this "messy" but tactile stage of discovery, before he is ready to
go on to the less physical pleasures of toys and books. Similarly, throughout life, each stage
depends on the satisfactory completion, of the one before.

Questions 1-6: Do the following statements agree with the information given in the passage.
Write:

TRUE if the statement is true according to the passage

 FALSE if the statement is false according to the passage

1. An adult’s character is greatly influenced by his childhood

2. Upbringing and education are merely two different words for the same process
3. Only parents are in charge of offering children chances to develop.
4. The way people bring up their children varies according to differences in culture
5. Children in more technologically developed areas have stronger characters than those from
rural communities
6. Parents who are good at rearing kids always read books for advice.
7. Intelligent parents do not seek outside advice with child problems
8. In terms of family relationships, the first necessity is a secure emotional background
9. If a child were raised in an unusually disciplined environment, his development might be
adversely affected.
10. Stages of a person’s life are closely related to one another.

LISTENING:
Exercise 1: For each questions, choose the correct answer. (Recording Mini test_01)
1. How will Luciana invite her friends to her birthday party?

2. What does Charlie want to borrow from his brother, James?

3. How will Carol get to her dance class?

4. Which film do they decide to watch first?

5. Which T-shirt does the girl like best?

Exercise 2: You will hear a boy talking to a classmate about the things he is going to do
next week. What is he going to do each day? (Recording Mini test_02)
Example: Monday C
DAYS THINGS TO DO
6. Tuesday _____ A. finish a school project
7. weekend _____ B. go on a trip
8. Wednesday _____ C. go to a party
9. Thursday ______ D. help a neighbor
10. Friday ______ E. make a meal
F. send emails
F. take money to school
H. visit the city library.

7A CULTURE

DAY 57: READING

Read the passage below and answer the following questions.

SECRETS OF THE PAST

Scientists dig up ancient paintings in Mexico. Deep in the jungle of southeastern
Mexico, researchers stumbled upon a surprise. They found an ancient, or very old,
pyramid. The pyramid was buried underground. It is covered in colorful murals. A
mural is a painting on a wall. Those murals are helping scientists unlock a mystery
about people from long ago.
The murals are about 1,350 years old. That’s more than five times older than the United
States. Experts say the paintings belonged to the Mayas. That is a group of Native
American people. They lived many years ago in what is now Mexico and Central
America.
The paintings show scenes from everyday Mayan life. One mural shows a man drinking
from a bowl. Another is of a woman selling food to a crowd of people.
Scientists are excited about the discovery because they don’t know much about the
Mayas’ daily lives, explains Michael Coe. He is an expert on the Mayas. The paintings
show how the Mayas worked, shopped, and dined. “Mostly you get the murals ... that
show gods and kings, never anything about daily life,” Coe told WR News. “This is like
walking into a Maya supermarket.”
So far, scientists have found more than 30 murals on the pyramid. They are not sure
why the Mayas created them. The experts hope to learn more as they continue their
search. “We never had anything like this before,” says Coe. “These are really [special]
murals.”
Oh, Maya!
The Mayas were known for more than just painting. Here are some fun facts about the
Mayan way of life.
Home Sweet Home
The Mayas lived in what is now Central and North America. Today the area includes
parts of Mexico, Belize, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras.
Smart Starts
The Mayas invented a type of math. They also created a type of writing that uses
symbols, or pictures. Mayas made books using tree bark.
What’s Cooking?
The Mayas often chowed on corn and used it to make other foods, such as tortillas.
They grew many crops, including avocados, beans, chili peppers, and sweet potatoes.
Cool Clothes
Mayan men wrapped themselves in strips of cloth, while women wore long, loose
dresses. Wealthy, or rich, the Mayas wore jewellery.

Question 1: Scan the passage to find the definition of “mural”

Questions 2 – 11: Complete these statements with NO MORE THAN ONE WORD.

2. In Mexico, ancient ________ are dug by scientists.

3. Scientists have stumbled on more than 30 ________ on the _________.

4. What the paintings show are _________ from Mayan life.

5. The Mayas wore _________ if they were wealthy.

6. The Mayas invented a system of writing using _________ or _________.

7. One wall painting illustrates a _______ drinking from a _________.

8. Mayan women wore long ________.

9. In Mexico jungle, scientists found a ________.

10. According to Michael Coe, most murals illustrate _______ and ________.

11. The paintings on the wall help scientists find out the ________ about people from many
years ago.

7A CULTURE
DAY 58: WRITING

Exercise 1: Replace the underlined noun in each sentence with a pronoun from the box.

she it they his her them

1. The car broke down in the middle of the desert. It was possible to repair the car.
2. You can buy strawberries at any time of the year. However, some people prefer to
buy strawberries in season.
3. Students work very hard on this course. Students write five projects every semester.
4. My brother is very upset at the moment. My brother’s exam results were not very
good.
5. My sister is happy with the new job. My sister’s salary is better than before and my
sister has longer holidays.

Exercise 2: Skim the article about coffee and match the topic sentence with the
paragraphs. There is one extra topic sentence.

a. In many societies coffee is an important part of the culture.

b. Coffee has a similar position in many western societies.
c. Originally coffee came from Ethiopia, in Africa.
d. Coffee is made from the roasted beans of the coffee plant.

1. ……………………… . The plant is grown in many different parts of the world, such as
Brazil and Kenya. Coffee producers collect the green beans and roast them. The colour
changes to brown and the beans become bigger. People then grind the beans into small
grains. These are then boiled with water to produce coffee.
2. ……………………… . It then spread to the Arabian Peninsula. The word coffee, in
fact, comes from Arabic qahwa. Later, in the 16th century, it became popular in Turkey,
where it was called kahve. It then spread to Italy and the reast of Europe.
3. ……………………… . In Bedouin Arab society, for example, people make fresh coffee
early in the morning. They heat the coffee pot on a wood fire and keep it hot all day.
When guests arrive, the hosts offer them coffee in small cups. There is even a way of
showing the host by a signal that you would like more, or you have had enough.

Exercise 3: Add comma(s) where needed.

1. I can't decide if I want to go to the party the game or the dance.

 2. The mouse the rat and the gerbil all looked very similar to me.
3. My mom made me clean my room do the dishes and walk the dog.
4. On vacation I will visit New York Chicago and Indianapolis.
5. Do you want to eat a salad a hamburger and some fries?
6. This weekend I wore two shirts three skirts and four pairs of shoes.

Exercise 4: What is the most popular food in your hometown? Write a paragraph to
introduce it.

7A CULTURE

DAY 59: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Read Study Skill.

STUDY SKILL Prefixes

A prefix is a group of letters that you add to the beginning of a word to change its
meaning. Use prefixes to help you understand the meaning of a word. Some prefixes
give a word the opposite meaning. For example:
● dis-: gives the noun advantages the opposite meaning:
However, there were advantages.
● un-: gives the adjective helpful the opposite meaning:
The people were very unhelpful.
Look at these other prefixes and their meanings.
anti- (against) - anticlockwise
sub- (under) – subway
super- (above, large) – supervisor, supermarket
pre- (before) – predict
multi- (many) - multimedia
 1. Most drivers are impatient when they a. does not happen often
are at the traffic lights.

2. I distrust most advertisements. b. different opinions

3. I want to buy an inexpensive watch. I c. cheap

haven’t got much money.

4. It was irresponsible to let the children d. not wanting to wait for something
play in the busy street.

5. It is unusual to have so much rain in e. not sensible

the desert. f. do not believe
6. Yuki and Toni had a disagreement.
Now they are not speaking to each other.

Exercise 2: Add the negative prefixes in the box to the words in the sentences. Use a
dictionary to help you.

un- in- ir- im- dis-

1. Kim felt very ………happy when he saw the exam results.

2. Paulo ………liked the new lecturer. He thought her lectures were difficult to
understand.
3. It is difficult to learn all the ………regular verbs in English.
4. This exercise is ………possible. I can’t do it.
5. The essay is ………complete. You must write a conclusion.
6. It is ………moral to take money from the poor.
7. Because the statistics were ………accurate, we had to calculate the results again.
8. Rafa is a very ………organized person. His desk is always ………tidy and he’s
usually late for meetings.

‘Exercise 3: Match the underlined words 1 – 5 with meanings a – e.

1. You should preview the document and a. medicine for curing infection
then print it.
 2. After the success of her TV show, Belal b. with many floors
became a superstar in her own country.

3. The film was in English, but fortunately c. words at the bottom of a film/TV
there were subtitles. d. a very famous singer or actor
e. see before

4. The antibiotic penicillin was discovered

in 1928.

5. The city centre has a multi-storey car 4.

park.

Exercise 4: Complete the words from Unit 7A. Fill in each blank with one letter.

1. ingred_ _ nts 8. br_ _d

2. on_ _ns 9. f_ _ld
3. m_ _sure 10. b_ _lding
4. s_ _son 11. r_ _son
5. ar_ _nd 12. mater_ _ls
6. cont_ _ns
7. c_ _ntries

7B LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

DAY 60: LISTENING
Exercise 1: Look at the table of facts. Listen and fill in each blank with the correct
numbers. (HW07_01)
Number Fact
a. approximately 75 the percentage of international journal articles
written in English
b. the percentage of international science journal
articles written in English
c. the estimated number of languages which have
died out
d. the number of years ago Latin was still used

e. the number of native and non-native speakers of

English worldwide
f. the percentage of the world’s population which is
bilingual
g. the fraction of the budget for translating at
international conferences
h. the number of official languages in the European
Union
i. the percentage of Internet content written in
English

Exercise 2: Listen and write down the numbers. (HW07_02)

7B LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

DAY 61: SPEAKING
Exercise 1: Read the steps to starting a presentation well and number them in the correct
order.

____ Tell the audience when they can ask questions.

____ Give a short outline of the content.

____ Welcome the audience, make eye contact and smile.

____ Stand next to the visual display and face the audience.

____ Set up your equipment.

____ Give the topic of your presentation.

Exercise 2: From memory, give the steps to starting a presentation well. Use the words in
the box below.

First Then Next After that Finally

Exercise 3: Match the synonyms in the box with the four words opposite.

revise nation learn worldwide seminar state international discussion group

Notes: Record your answers.

7B LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

DAY 62: GRAMMAR
must mustn’t needn’t
❖ Use must when you think it is necessary to do something:
● The windows are very dirty. I must clean them.
● It’s a fantastic film. You must see it.
✔ For the past (yesterday / last week etc.), we use had to … (not must):
● We had to go to the bank yesterday. (not “We must”)
● I had to walk home last night. There were no buses. (not “I must”)
 ❖ Mustn’t (= must not)
I mustn’t (do something) = it is necessary not to do it, it is the wrong thing to do:
● I must hungry. I mustn’t be late.
● I mustn’t forget to phone Julia. (= I must remember to phone her.)
● Be happy! You mustn’t be sad. (= don’t be sad)
❖ Needn’t (= need not)
I needn’t (do something) = it is not necessary to do it, I don’t need to do it:
● I needn’t clean the window. They aren’t very dirty.
● You needn’t go to the bank today. I can give you some money.
✔ You can also say don’t need to … (= needn’t):
● I don’t need to clean the windows.
● You don’t need to go to the bank today.
✔ Compare needn’t and mustn’t
● You needn’t go. You can stay here if you want.
● You mustn’t go. You must stay here.

PRACTICE

I. Complete the sentences. Use must + one of these verbs:

be go go learn meet wash win
1. We must go to the bank today. We haven’t got any money.
2. Marilyn is a very interesting person. You ____________ her.
 3. My hands are dirty. I __________ them.
4. You _________ to drive. It will be very useful.
5. I ________ to the post office. I need some stamps.
6. The game tomorrow is very important for us. We _______.
7. You can’t always have things immediately. You ___ patient.
II. Put I must or I had to.
1. I had to go to the bank yesterday to get some money.
2. It’s late. ________ go now.
3. I don’t usually work on Saturdays but last Saturday _____ work.
4. _________ get up early tomorrow. I have got a lot to do.
5. I went to London by train last week. The train was full and ______ stand all the way.
6. I was nearly late for my appointment this morning. __________ run to get there on
time.
7. I forgot to phone David yesterday. __________ phone him later today.
III. Put in must/ had to/ mustn’t / needn’t.
1. You needn’t go. You can stay here if you want.
2. It’s a fantastic film. You must see it.
3. We’ve got enough food, so we ______ go shopping.
4. We didn’t have any food yesterday, so we ______ go shopping.
5. I want to know what happened. You _________ tell me.
6. You ______ tell Sue what happened. I don’t want her to know.
7. I _______ hurry or I’ll be late.
8. “Why were you so late?” “I ________ wait half an hour for a bus.”
We ________ decide now. We can decide later.

7A+ 7B CULTURE
DAY 63: MINI TEST 9
READING:
Read the passage and answer questions 1 – 8.
 TRAVELING TO THAILAND
Try to think of some countries you know in Asia. Thailand might be one of them! 
Thailand is located in between Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia and Malaysia. It has beautiful
beaches, bustling cities, and even exciting hiking trails in big forests! What more could you
want?  
Thailand has a long, complicated history. Archaeologists (scientists who study people from the
past) have found remains from civilizations that lived 20,000 years ago in the area where
Thailand is now. That’s a really long time ago! Since then, many kings have ruled, and many
kingdoms have fought against each other to rule the people who live in Thailand (who are
called “Thai”).   
It’s interesting to know where this name came from. There was a group of people who used to
call themselves the “Tai.” They lived in China. They slowly moved to central Thailand over the
course of hundreds of years, a long, long time ago. However, there were already people living
in Thailand. When a Tai leader started to create his own kingdom in the area, the native people
of Thailand wanted to show that they weren’t a part of his kingdom. Therefore, they called
themselves “Thai,” which means “free” in their language. This name still remains today. It
reminds us that the people of Thailand have always been free from foreign power.  
But let’s come back to today’s Thailand. Bangkok is the capital, a very busy city. Buildings
stand high above the horizon, food carts line the loud streets, and people rush from place to
place. Like New York City, Bangkok has many taxis that cover the streets. However, instead of
being yellow, they’re all different colors! The most popular ones are yellow and green, but
there are some that are blue and red, green or pink. Bangkok has very colorful streets! 
The food of Thailand is very delicious. One of the most famous dishes is called Pad Thai. It is
made of skinny noodles mixed with fried eggs, fish sauce, red chili pepper, bean sprouts, and
can include chicken, shrimp or tofu. It is very popular all over the world since many people
love its flavors! Thai food uses a lot of seafood, since the country is located on the water.
That’s why fishing is so popular. Many parents who live along the Gulf are fishermen who
provide food for their families.   But Thailand isn’t only known for Bangkok. There are
beautiful, lush forests in the North and relaxing, sandy beaches in the South. Chiang Mai is the
most famous city in the North, known for the highest mountains in the country. Phuket is one of
the more popular beaches in the South, where many tourists go to scuba dive, snorkel, and
enjoy all the beach has to offer.  
Therefore, Thailand is very diverse. Even though it’s very modern now, you can still see what
is left of its long history. Ancient temples and old buildings can still be found around the
country. There are many different types of environments in Thailand—and they are all special
in their own way!

Choose A, B, or C to answer the questions 1 – 8.

1. What is Thailand?
A) Thailand is a busy city with lots of taxis
B) Thailand is a famous dish made with fried eggs.
C) Thailand is a country in Asia.
D) Thailand is a group of people from China.
2. What does this passage describe?
A) This passage describes this history of Myanmar, Laos, and Cambodia.
B) This passage describes a trip the author took to Chiang Mai.
C) This passage describes the reasons why the “Tai” people left China.
D) This passage describes the history, food, and cities of Thailand.
3. Thailand is a diverse place with many different environments. What evidence from the
passage supports this statement?
A) “The food of Thailand is very delicious.”
B) “Thai food uses a lot of seafood, since the country is located on the water.”
C) “There are beautiful, lush forests in the North and relaxing, sandy beaches in the South.”
D) “Phuket is one of the more popular beaches in the South, where many tourists go to scuba
dive, snorkel, and enjoy all the beach has to offer.”
4. What might be one reason that people from around the world visit Thailand?
A) Thailand has an interesting history that can still be seen in ancient temples and old
buildings. B) Many people living along the Gulf in Thailand are fishermen who provide food
for their families.
C) When a Tai leader started to create his own kingdom, the native people called themselves
“Thai.”
D) Scientists who study people from the past are known as archaeologists.
5. What is this passage mainly about?
 A) archaeology B) Malaysia C) Pad Thai D) Thailand
6. Read the following sentences: “One of the most famous dishes is called Pad Thai. It is made
of skinny noodles mixed with fried eggs, fish sauce, red chili pepper, bean sprouts, and can
include chicken, shrimp or tofu. It is very popular all over the world since many people love its
flavors!” What does the word “popular” mean?
A) liked by a lot of people
B) feared by a lot of people
C) living in one place for a long time
D) hard to find
7. Choose the answer that best completes the sentence below.
There is a lot to see in Thailand, ______ old temples and beautiful beaches.
A) in conclusion B) including C) second D) instead
8. Which ingredients are not added in a dish of Pad Thai?
A) Tofu
B) Fried eggs
C) Pork
D) Shrimp
LISTENING:
Exercise 1: Look at the table of facts discussed at a tutorial. Fill in each blank with the
correct number. (Recording 01_Mini Test 9)
Number Fact
Japanese speakers
Consonant sounds in Japanese
Consonant sounds in English
Articles in English
Kanji symbols Japanese children learn
Letters in the English alphabet.

Exercise 2: For each question, choose the correct answer. (Recording 02_Mini Test 9)
1. How did Carrie hurt her leg?

2. Which backpack has the boy bought?

3. Where will Daisy have her birthday party?

4. Which job does Dylan’s dad do now?

5. What did they both do yesterday?

8A CITIES

DAY 64: READING

Exercise 1: Read the passage below and answer the following questions.
 La Rambla
“This place is full of life, every hour of every day. I’ve felt much more alive since I
came here. It’s really inspiring. My paintings have got so much more adventurous here.
You can go out at night and always find something to do. I’ve never seen La Rambla
without people. The place never sleeps”
Theo, portrait painter. Originally from Amsterdam
“I’ve just arrived and I’ve already heard about twenty different languages. It’s
awesome! There’s so much going on. Everywhere you look there’s kind of performance.
I especially like the puppeteers I saw this morning. I’ve never experienced anything like
that before.”
Kristen, language student. Originally from Chicago
“We’ve been here for a few months. We adore this street. There’s entertainment on
every corner. And when we play and maybe ten people start dancing – it’s beautiful. It’s
a great place.”
Alvaro, musician. Originally from Angola
“There’s something special about Barcelona and especially La Rambla. Every time you
leave the house and go onto the street, you find some friends. It’s more than a street and
it’s more than simply performing. It’s a way of life. I’ve known the other performers for
a long time now – they’re like family. We help each other out.”
Carmen, ‘living statue’. Originally from Columbia.
“I haven’t lived here long enough yet to really understand it. But it’s a fantastic mixture.
Even the flower stalls are like art installations. You can see, I don’t know, theatre,
jugglers, acrobats, living statues, tango dancers form Argentina, musicians from
Africa….performers from all around the world”
Tara, singer. Originally from London.
Questions 1 - 5: Read what people say about La Rambla, a famous street in Barcelona.
Write the names of the people.
1. Everything is new and exciting to ………………………
2. …………………………..likes the reaction he gets from people on La Rambla.
3. Living on La Rambla has had a positive effect on …………………..’s art.
4. ………………………has been there for a long time.
5. …………………………….likes the variety of La Rambla.

Questions 6 -9: Read what people say again. Are the sentences true (T) or false (F)? Or is
there not enough information (N) in the text?
6. La Rambla attracts entertainers from around the world.
7. The performances are free to the public.
8. There is always some kind of performance happening on La Rambla.
9. It’s impossible to sleep if you live near La Rambla.

Exercise 2: Read the passage below and answer the following questions.

My town – Newquay
By Alex Howarth, 14
I live in Newquay. It’s a small town on the Atlantic coast in the south of England. It has
got great beaches and is the best place to surf in the UK. There are lots of surf schools
where you can learn how to surf. I go surfing with my friends every weekend. My
favourite place is Fistral Beach.
I love Newquay because there are lots of other things to do as well as surfing. If you
like water sports, you can go kayaking, water-skiing or coasteering. Coasteering is
different because it is rock climbing, jumping into the sea and swimming in the same
activity, but you should always go with a special instructor.
If you like animals you can visit the Blue Reef Aquarium and see lots of different fish
and even sharks. You can also go horse riding on the beach or visit Newquay Zoo.
 There are lots of other attractions too like mini golf and bowling. Come and see for
yourself!

Question 1: Select 3 things Alex writes about.

A. The weather in Newquay.
B. Places to visit in Newquay.
C. Things to do in Newquay.
D. Food in Newquay.
E. History of Newquay.
F. Where Newquay is located.
Questions 2 - 7: Are the sentences true or false?
2. Newquay is in the north of England.
3. Newquay is near the coast.
4. Newquay is a good place to go surfing.
5. Alex loves to do outdoor activities.
6. Coasteering is similar to surfing.
7. There is a zoo in Newquay.

8A CITIES

DAY 65: WRITING

Exercise 1: Read Study Skill.

STUDY SKILL Linking ideas
Use relative pronouns which and where to add information about things (which) and
places (where).
Look at sentences a and b. What are the differences?
a. On the other side of the city are mountains. They rise to over 1500 metres.
b. On the other side of the city are mountains, which rise to over 1500 metres.
Look at sentences c and d. What are the differences?
c. You can also take a trip to Granville Island. You can buy paintings from artists’
studios there.
d. You can also take a trip to Granville Island, where you can buy paintings from
artists’ studios.

Underline the where clauses and circle the commas in the following sentences.
1. Melbourne, which is one of the largest cities in Australia, came second in the survey.
2. The highest-ranking cities in Asia were Osaka and Tokyo, which is the capital of Japan.
3. Chinatown, where there are many good restaurants, is located near the centre of the city.
4. On Monday we visited the Grand Bazaar in Istanbul, where you can buy everything
from carpets to gold chains.

Exercise 2: Match the sentences 1 – 5 with sentences a – e. rewrite them using which to
make clauses. Use the correct punctuation.

1. New York is the best-known a. They are located near the centre of the
city in North America. city.

2. Port Moresby has a very high b. It is the main shopping street of

crime rate. fashion.

3. In Vancouver you can go c. They surround the city and are

skiing in the mountains. covered in snow in the winter.

4. Robson Street is well worth a d. It is the capital of Papua New Guinea.

visit.
5. Robson Street is well worth a e. It is located on Manhattan Island.
visit.

Exercise 3: Complete the where clauses using your own words.

 1. In summer many people go to the mountains, where ……………………… .
2. In the centre of the city is the main square, where ……………………… .
3. The National Stadium, where ………………………, is located near the station.
4. Near the harbour there are many restaurants, where ……………………… .
5. There is a river in the middle of the city, where ……………………… .

Exercise 4: Look at the population statistics for three countries in Asia. Complete the
paragraph. Use the statistics from the table and adjectives in the box.

high / low small / big

(birth rate) (population)

The table shows population statistics for three Asian countries: Japan, China, and South Korea.
China has the (1)……………. population, over 1.3 billion people. Japan’s population is about
(2) ……………. million. This is less than South Korea’s population, which is just under (3)
……………. million. South Korea has the (4) ……………. population of these three countries.
The country with the (5) ……………. birth rate is China. There are (6)……………. births per
thousand population. Japan has the (7) ……………. birth rate, (8)……………. births per 1000.
South Korea’s birth rate is a little (9) ……………. than Japan’s, but (10) ……………. than
China’s.

Exercise 5: Use the notes you have made in exercise B5 (Student’s book) and write a
paragraph (of about 150 words) about it. You should use the paragraph in Exercise 4 as a
model.
8A CITIES

DAY 66: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Read Study Skill.

STUDY SKILL Word-attack skills on new words

Sometimes the different parts of a word can help you guess the meaning.
Look at the word liveable in this sentence:
Vancouver, Canada had the highest score, which means it is the most liveable city.
Look at the two parts:
live/able
▪ live is a verb
▪ -able means you can
So liveable is an adjective meaning you can live there.

Use word-attack skills to understand the words in bold.

1. Many nouns such as time, air, water, and information are uncountable.
2. If you fail the exam, you will have to retake it next semester.
3. Belal is a very disorganized person. She is late for lessons and always forgets her
books.
4. After the fire, they rebuilt the school.
5. The city was unrecognizable – it had changed so much.

Exercise 2: How many ways are there to show data? Add more words to the diagram.
Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

glass ugly modern tall

unusual fantastic brick wonderful

1. ……………… buildings, like skyscrapers, often have a lot of ……………… outside

and this means that window cleaners have a lot more work!
2. Some people prefer ……………… buildings to old buildings. They don’t like the design
of the old ones and they think they are ………………
3. Many people think the Barcelona Olympic stadium is ……………… and
………………, but others think it is ugly.
4. The Chrysler building was the world’s tallest ……………… and steel building. It is
made from over 3 million bricks.
5. The Basket building in Ohio is really ……………… . It looks like a huge shopping
basket and there’s not another building in the world like it.

Exercise 4: Complete the sentences with these words

Exercise 4: Match the words with the definition

wonderful unusual modern huge brick

1. Something that is interesting because it is different: ……………

2. The opposite of old: ……………
3. Something that is very large: ……………
4. Hard block of baked clay used to build houses: ……………
5. Something that is very good: ……………

8B LIVING IN THE CITY

DAY 67: LISTENING
Exercise 1: Listen to three students giving summaries of their notes about the three cities.
Tick the information each student (A-C) includes. (Recording HW08_01)
Summary A B C

City name

Location
Population

Best for …

Famous building

Transport

Exercise 2: Decide which student gave the best summary and why.

8B LIVING IN THE CITY

DAY 68: SPEAKING
Exercise 1: Listen and complete the text. (Recording HWU08_02)

I am going to compare Moscow and Mexico City. 1. _______ Moscow 2. _______ Mexico
City are very interesting cities to visit. Mexico City is in North America, 3. _______ Moscow
is in Europe. Both Mexico City 4. ______ Moscow are capital cities, but the population of
Moscow is not 5. ________ big 6. _______ the population of Mexico City. Mexico City is 7.
________ as cold as Moscow; in fact, the average 8. ________ temperature in Mexico is as
high as the average 9. _______ temperature in Moscow.

Exercise 2: Listen again and mark the pauses. (Recording U08_02)

Exercise 3: Practice reading the text aloud.

Notes: Record your answers.

8B LIVING IN THE CITY

DAY 69: GRAMMAR

How long does it take?

How long does it take by plane from London to Madrid?

It takes two hours.

● How long does it take by train from London to Manchester?

● It takes two hours by train from London to Manchester.
● How long does it take by car from your house to the station?
● It takes ten minutes by car from my house to the station.

● How long does it take to fly from London to Madrid?

● It takes a long time to learn a language.
● It doesn’t take long to cook an omelette.
● It takes me 20 minutes to get to work.
● “I came by train.” “Did you? How long did it take (to get here)?”
● It took Tom an hour to do his shopping.
● Did it take you a long time to find a job?
● How long will it take me to learn to drive?
 ● It will take us an hour to cook the dinner.

PRACTICE

I. Look at the pictures and write questions with How long …?

1. How long does it take by plane from London to Amsterdam?

2. ___________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________________________
4. ____________________________________________________
II. How long does it take to do these things? Write full sentences.
1. fly from your city/ country to London
It takes two hours to fly from Madrid to London.
2. fly from your city/ country to New York.
__________________________________________
3. study to be a doctor in your country.
__________________________________________
4. walk from your home to the nearest shop.
__________________________________________
5. get from your home to the nearest airport.
__________________________________________
III. Write questions with How long did it take …?
1. (She found a place to live.) How long did it take her to find a place to live?
2. (I walked to the station.) ________________________________________
3. (He cleaned the windows.) ________________________________________
4. (I learnt to ski.) ________________________________________
 5. (They repaired the car.) ________________________________________
IV. Read the situations and write sentences with I took ….
1. I read a book last week. I started reading it on Monday. I finished it three days later.
🡺 It took me three days to read the book.
2. We walked home last night. We left at 10 o’clock and we arrived home at 10.20.
🡺 ______________________________________________________
3. I learnt to drive last year. I had my first driving lesson in January. I passed my driving
test six months later.
🡺 ______________________________________________________
4. Mark drove to London yesterday. He left home at 8 o’clock and got to London at 10.
🡺 ______________________________________________________
5. Linda began looking for a job a long time ago. She got a job last week.
🡺 ______________________________________________________
6. (write a true sentence about yourself)

8A+ 8B CULTURE
DAY 70: MINI TEST 10
READING:
Read the passage and answer questions 1 – 8.
Look at the webpage Welcome to Vancouver. Scan the text and visual to answer the
questions
1. What ocean is the city on?
2. What is the temperature in the summer?
3. Is there snow in the winter?
4. Which month is the wettest?
5. What is the total population?
6. What is the second language of the city after English?
7. How did the city get its name?
8. Where can you get a good view of the city?
 Welcome to Vancouver – Canada’s Coolest City!
Location
Vancouver is located in the south-west corner of Canada, just to the north of the border with the
United States. Vancouver is a busy port and tourist centre. It is situated on a peninsula and is
surrounded by the Pacific Ocean on three sides. On the other side of the city are mountains, which
rise to over 1500 meters.
Population
According to the 2006 census, the population of Vancouver City is about 580,000. However, there
are more than two million people living in the region. The population is ethnically very mixed.
The largest ethnic group is Chinese although there are many Indians, Vietnamese, and Filipinos.
Nearly a quarter of the population say that Chinese is their mother tongue. Only about half of the
population speak English as their mother tongue.
History
Vancouver was founded as a small settlement called Granville in the 1870s. It was a small trading
port for wood. In 1886 the city was renamed after a British naval captain, George Vancouver.
Climate
It has one of the mildest climates in Canada. The summers are usually sunny and dry. The hottest
months are July and August. However, the temperature rarely goes above 22oC. The winter is
mild. It is also the wettest season. There is some snow in the winter, but usually just on the
mountains near the city.
Things to see
Vancouver is famous for its scenery. It has more than 180 parks, including the famous Stanley
Park. Near the city are forests and snow-capped mountains. Sports include skiing, hiking, cycling,
and boating. The most interesting sights include Gastown (the historic area of Vancouver),
Chinatown, English Bay, Vancouver Harbour, and Robson Street, which is the main shopping
street for high fashion. You can also take a trip to Granville Island, where you can buy paintings
from artists’ studios. To get a great panoramic view of Vancouver, visitors should go to the
Lookout – a viewing platform at the top of the Harbour Centre Tower.
LISTENING:
Exercise 1: Listen to a student giving a summary of a presentation. Complete the outline
for the presentation (Recording 01_Mini Test 10)
Sport and cities

● City 1 ___London___
Sport ______________________
● City 2 _____________________
Sport ____football____
● City 3 _____________________
Sport ______________________

Exercise 2: For each question, choose the correct answer. (Recording 02_Mini Test 10)
1. How will Luciana invite her friends to her birthday party?

2. What does Charlie want to borrow from his brother, James?

3. How will Carol get to her dance class?

4. Which film do they decide to watch first?

5. Which T-shirt does the girl like best?

9A HEALTH

DAY 71: READING

Exercise 1: Read the passage below and answer the following questions.
 WHY OUR MEMORIES WORK BETTER IN COLOUR
The next time you struggle to recall a scene from Casablanca or Citizen Kane,
don't worry - scientists may have found out why.
Memory works better in colour, it seems.
Psychologists have found that we are significantly better at recalling scenes,
pictures and images if they are not just black and white. They believe this is
because colour has a stronger appeal to the senses, prompting a better connection
to parts of the brain involved with memory. Natural colour is what the human
brain expects from its view of the everyday world - and anything different fails to
make an equivalent impact. Dr Karl Gegenfurtner, co-author of the research, said:
'It appears as if our memory system is tuned, presumably by evolution and/or
during development, to the colour structure found in the world.
'If stimuli are too strange, the system simply doesn't engage as well, or deems
them unimportant.'
The findings, reported in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, shed light on
how the visual system efficiently uses colour information. Colour gives us an
extra 'tag' of information on what we see, helping us to to process and store
images more efficiently than black and white scenes, and as a result to remember
them better too.

Questions 1 - 8: Find the words in the passage and write no more than 1 word in
each blank to complete the summary

People, according to psychologists, are significantly (1)______ at recalling scenes,

pictures and (2)____ if they have certain colours because colour has a stronger
attraction to the (3)_____which will be a better (4)_____ to parts of the brain including
memory. Colour gives us an extra (5)______ of information on what we see, helping us
to (6) ______ and (7)_______ images more efficiently than black and white scenes.
Therefore, it helps us (8)_____ them better as well.

Exercise 2: Read the passage below and answer the following questions.

MEMORY

Most people can remember a phone number for up to thirty seconds. How did the
information get there in the first place? Information that makes its way to the
short term memory (STM) does so via the sensory storage area. The brain has a
filter which only allows stimuli that is of immediate interest to pass on to the
STM, also known as the working memory.

There is much debate about the capacity and duration of the short term memory.
The most accepted theory comes from George A. Miller, a cognitive psychologist
who suggested that humans can remember approximately seven chunks of
information. A chunk is defined as a meaningful unit of information, such as a
word or name rather than just a letter or number. Modern theorists suggest that
one can increase the capacity of the short term memory by chunking, or
classifying similar information together. By organizing information, one can
optimize the STM, and improve the chances of a memory being passed on to long
term storage.

When making a conscious effort to memorize something, such as information for

an exam, many people engage in "rote rehearsal". By repeating something over
and over again, one is able to keep a memory alive. Unfortunately, this type of
memory maintenance only succeeds if there are no interruptions. As soon as a
person stops rehearsing the information, it has the tendency to disappear. When a
pen and paper are not handy, people often attempt to remember a phone number
by repeating it aloud. If the doorbell rings or the dog barks to come in before a
person has the opportunity to make a phone call, he will likely forget the number
instantly. Therefore, rote rehearsal is not an efficient way to pass information
from the short term to long term memory. A better way is to practice
"elaborate rehearsal". This involves assigning semantic meaning to a piece of
information so that it can be filed along with other pre-existing long term
memories.

Questions 1 – 10: Decide whether these statements are True (T) or False (F)

1. Most people can memorize a phone number for 1 minute.

2. STM stands for showing term memory.
3. A chunk is defined as a unit of information.
4. People try to remember a phone number by writing on smart phones when they
don’t have any pens or papers.
5. “Rote rehearsal”, a type of memory maintenance only succeeds if there are no
interruptions.
6. Theorists suggest that people can increase the short term memory capacity by
eating healthy food.
7. One can improve the STM by organizing information.
8. When a person stops rehearsing the information, it tends to disappear.
9. Rote rehearsal is an effective way to pass information from STM to long term
memory.
 10. Human can remember about 7 chunks of information.

9A HEALTH

DAY 72: WRITING

Exercise 1: Read the paragraph about Albert Einstein’s brain. There are twelve mistakes.
What kind of mistakes are they? Choose from the box.

capital letters word order missing words spelling verb tense

punctuation preposition incorrect article subject – verb agreement

Exercise 2: Read the notes about someone who had a special ability. Complete the notes using
provided words
• date
• profession
• results of study
• reference
• medical study
• nationality
• special ability
• name
• examples of ability

1. 'S'
2. Russian
3. newspaper reporter
4. early 20th century
5. could remember everything
6. - remembered using five senses
- invented stories in pictures to remember
- e.g. 'saw' one sound as a brown line on a dark background,
with red sides, tasting of soup
7. studied by a psychologist for 30 years
8. proved he had memory everything since he was a baby
- did same tests years later - everything stll correct
- found some problems with memory
e.g. difficulty remembering faces
9. Russel, P. (1986). The Brain Book, London, Routledge.

Exercise 3: Choose a topic on health, for example, Keeping fit, Eating healthy, etc. Think
of tips on what people should and shouldn’t do and make notes.
9A HEALTH

DAY 73: VOCABULARY

Exercise 1: Label the parts of the human body. Some words are from Unit 9A. Use your
dictionary to help.
Exercise 2: Match words 1 – 6 with the words in the box.

1. beneficial a. do workouts
2. avoid b. easily damaged
3. healthy c. good for
4. exercise d. mix with other people
5. socialize e. stay away from
6. delicate f. in good shape

Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with words 1 – 6 in Exercise 2.

1. It is important to ……………… our brains by doing puzzles and quizzes.

2. Fresh fruit and vegetables are ……………… for the body and the brain.
 3. You must protect the brain when you do dangerous sports. It is very ………………
organ.
4. If you want to stay healthy, ……………… foods that are full of fat and sugar.
5. Scientists say it is important to ……………… with people. It helps the brain stay
active.
6. When you are studying, keep your body and brain ……………… . Do exercise, eat
good food, and sleep.

9B IMPROVING YOUR MEMORY

DAY 74: LISTENING
Exercise 1: Listen to the next part of the lecture about reviewing. Why is reviewing
important? (Recording HWU09_01)

Exercise 2: Listen and complete the advice for taking good notes. (Recording
HWU09_02).
1. You need good notes to be able to ________ effectively.
2. Taking notes helps us to ________ the information later.
3. Write down ________ ________.
4. Organize the information in ________ ________.
5. Use _______ prompts, e.g. colors and highlights.
6. Don’t use only words; use _______ and ________.

9B IMPROVING YOUR MEMORY

DAY 75: SPEAKING
Exercise: Read and listen to the text below. Complete the tasks, then listen again and
check. (Recording HWS09_01)

I will start by asking ‘what is the aim of memorization?’ then I will look at three key factors that
can help anyone memorize information better you should take notes on the worksheet and I will
ask you to do some exercises please follow my instructions carefully at the end you can ask
questions and then we will have group discussions.

1. Add punctuation to the text.

 2. Underline the key words and mark their stress.

3. Find and mark the links between words.

4. Mark the pauses.

5. Practice saying it aloud.

Notes: Record your answers.

9B IMPROVING YOUR MEMORY

DAY 76: GRAMMAR

some and any

A.

B. any and some in questions

In most questions (but not all) we use any:
● Is there any ice in the fridge?
● Has he got any friends?
● Do you need any help?

We normally use some (not any) when we offer things (Would you like …?):

● A: Would you like some coffee?

 B: Yes, please.
Or when we ask for things (Can I have …? etc.):
● A: Can I have some soup, please?
B: Yes. Help yourself.
● A: Can you lend me some money?
B: Sure. How much do you need?
C. some and any without a noun
● I didn’t take any photographs but Ann took some. (= some photographs)
● You can have some coffee but I don’t want any. (= any coffee)
● I’ve just made some coffee. Would you like some? (= some coffee)
● “Where’s your luggage?” “I haven’t got any.” (= any luggage)

D.

PRACTICE

I. Put in some or any.

1. I bought some cheese but I didn’t buy any bread.
2. I’m going to the post office. I need ______ stamps.
3. There aren’t _____ shops in this part of town.
4. George and Alice haven’t got ______ children.
5. Have you got ______ brothers or sisters?
6. There are _____ beautiful flowers in the garden.
7. Do you know ______ good hotels in London?
8. “Would you like ______ tea?” “Yes, please.”
9. When we were on holiday, we visited ______ very interesting places.
10. Don’t buy ______ rice. We don’t need ______.
11. I went out to buy ______ milk but they didn’t have ______ in the shop.
12. I’m thirsty. Can I have _____ water, please?
 II. Complete the sentences. Use some or any + one of these words:

air cheese help letters photographs

batteries friends languages milk shampoo

1. I want to wash my hair. Is there any shampoo?

2. This evening I’m going to write ____________.
3. I haven’t got my camera, so I can’t take ____________.
4. Do you speak _______ foreign ___________?
5. Yesterday evening I went to a restaurant with _________ of mine.
6. Can I have _______ in my coffee, please?
7. The radio isn’t working. There aren’t _________ in it.
8. It’s hot in this office. I’m going out for __________ fresh _______.
9. “Would you like __________?” “No, thank you. I’ve had enough to eat.”
10. I can do this job alone. I don’t need ___________.
III. Complete the sentences. Use some or any.
1. Ann didn’t take any photographs but I took some. (I/ take)
2. “Where’s your luggage?” “I haven’t got any.” (I/ not/ have)
3. “Do you need any money?” “No, thank you. ____________.” (I/ have)
4. “Can you lend me some money?” “I’m sorry but _________.” (I/ not/ have)
5. The tomatoes in the shop didn’t look very good, so __________. (I/ not/ buy)
6. There were some nice organs in the shop, so ____________. (I/ buy)

9A + 9B HEALTH
DAY 77: MINI TEST 11
READING:
Read the article and answer the following questions.

SIMPLE WAYS TO IMPROVE YOUR MEMORY

Whether you want to be a Jeopardy! champion or just need to remember where you
parked your car, here are 11 things you can do right now to turn your mind from a sieve
into a steel trap.
A. Concentrate for eight seconds

These days we’re all about things being faster. That’s why this advice is invaluable:
When you really need to remember something, concentrate on it for at least eight
seconds. That can seem like a long time when you're running around trying to get a
million things done, but it is worth it. Studies have shown that eight seconds is the
minimum amount of time it takes for a piece of information to go from your short-term
memory to your long-term memory.
B. Don’t walk through a doorway

We’ve all walked into a room and suddenly realized we can’t remember why we needed
to be there in the first place. Don’t worry, you’re not getting more forgetful—chances
are it was the act of walking through a doorway that made you go completely blank.
Researchers found that participants in both virtual and real-world studies were far more
likely to forget what object they had just placed in a container if they were asked right
after walking through a doorway than if they carried the object the same distance in a
single room. Scientists have yet to figure out why, but something about entering a new
place seems to restart our memory.
C. Make a fist

If you’re having trouble remembering things at work, get a stress ball. The act of
clenching your fist, if done correctly, can significantly improve your ability to recall
information. Studies show that if you are right-handed, you should make a fist with your
right hand before you try to memorize a piece of information. Then when you need to
remember it, clench your left hand (the process is reversed for lefties.) Be sure to hold
that position for a little while though; the study that discovered this had the participants
squeezing for a good 45 seconds before letting go.
D. Exercise

At this point we should just accept it that science considers exercise the cure for
absolutely any problem, and memory is no different. The physical act increases alertness
and oxygen supply to the brain, and may even increase cell growth in the parts of your
brain responsible for memory. One study found that right after light exercise, women
were able to recall things better than they could before working up a sweat. And while a
quick jog can help you out right now, it is even more effective over the long term. A
different study found that women who kept fit over six months significantly improved
both their verbal and spatial memory.

Questions 1 – 10: Match these statements contained in whether paragraph A, B, C

or D.

1. Woman can recall things better than they could before working up a sweat
2. Enter a new place seems to restart  our memory
3. A quick jog can help you memorize things
4. Get a stress ball if you want to remember things
5. Before trying to memorize information, you should make a fist with your right
hand if you are right-handed
6. Concentrate for at least 8 seconds if you really need to remember something.
7. We may realize that we can’t remember why we needed to be in one room in the
first place
8. The minimum amount of time for a piece of info to go from your short - term
memory to long-term memory is 8 seconds
9. Woman who kept fit more than 6 months improved both their verbal  & spatial
memory

LISTENING:
Exercise 1: Listen and write the words (Recording 01_Mini Test 11)
1. ______
2. ______
3. ______
4. ______
5. ______
6. ______
 7. ______
8. ______
Exercise 2: Complete the text below with the expressions in the box. You will need to use
some expressions more than once. (Recording 02_Mini Test 11)

Exercise 3: Listen and check your answers. (Recording 02_Mini Test 11)