11

General
Chemistry 1

Quarter 1 - Module 1:
Properties of Matter
 What I Need to Know?

This module was written to guide you in determining the properties of matter.
Different samples of matter exist around us with varied properties but have
similarities also in some aspects. That is why familiarization on properties of matter
would help us to make better choices and to make right decision especially on the
things we are using every day from cooking dishes to solving crimes using pieces of
evidence. The scope of this module covers many different learning situations where
students could relate their personal experiences on properties of matter and their
uses. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The
lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in
which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now
using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. Use properties of matter to identify substances and to separate them,
(STEM_GC11MP1a-b-5).

What I Know?
(Critical Thinking)

To check your prior knowledge about the topic, and to solicit the questions
that you want to know about it, fill in the Know and Want to know components of
the Know-Want to know- Learned (KWL) chart properly and correctly. For the Know
component, you may write word/s or sentence. For the want to know component,
state your responses in interrogative or question form. You may list as many
responses as you want for each component. Write your responses on a separate
sheet of paper.

KWL Chart
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Properties of
Matter

2
Guide Questions
1. Based from what you have written on the Know component of the chart, what do
you know about properties of matter?

2. If you were to think of a question that you want to ask about properties of
matter, what question would that be?

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After you have filled-in the K and W components of the
chart and answered the guide questions, answer now the diagnostic
assessment below within 10 minutes.

PRE-TEST
Read and answer each statement carefully then write the letter of the best
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Which physical property of matter is shown when a piece of material is turned

into a thin sheet?
A. Stiffness B. Flexibility C. Elasticity D. Malleability

2. Copper wires are usually used for electrical wire installations because it is
A. ductile B. malleable C. brittle D. cheap

3. Materials that easily break when a force is applied like glass are said to be __
A. malleable B. brittle C. ductile D. elastic

4. Which of the materials below is a poor conductor of heat?

A. Iron B. Wood C. Gold D. Copper

5. is the characteristic or trait that can be observed when a matter reacts to

another substance.
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property

6. property is the characteristic or trait of matter that does not depend on the
amount.
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property

7. is the characteristic or trait of matter that can be observed or perceived with

our senses easily without changing its chemical composition.
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property

8. is the characteristic or trait of matter which is dependent on the amount or

quantity.
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property

9. Color and taste are examples of _

A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property

3
10. The rusting of iron nail is an example of _
A. Intensive Physical Property C. Chemical Property
B. Extensive Physical Property D. Physical Property

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: Rest for 1 minute then you may start reading the lesson
1 below about Properties of Matter.

Lesson
Properties of Matter
1

Do not judge the book by its cover. A saying or quote that is applicable not
only to the persons we encounter every day but also to the things we use. The said
saying reminds us to avoid making unnecessary or offending comment to someone
or something which we know little about them. That is why, it is important for us to
understand the process of knowing the properties of matter that will lead us to
discern on what makes an object different from other objects. Our understanding on
the different properties of matter could help us to avoid accident in selecting the right
material. Furthermore, those properties of matter could help us to make new
inventions or device that could make our work easier.

This module will discuss the different properties of matter and how the
knowledge on properties of matter has influenced the behavior and actions of people
when it comes to their every changing surroundings.

What’s In?

LET US HAVE SOME FUN!

WORD HUNT- Find the terms listed in the term bank from the jumbled
letters.
.

4
 E M A S S W T O H B

X F H I U T N J F H

T X C Z J K S D G L

E C H E M I C A L V

N O Q E P A H S B M

S L W T Y U I O P A

I O P R P P E R T Y

V R S D F G H J K L

E V I S N E T N I V

JUMBLED LETTERS

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After you have identified the important terms from the
jumbled letters, let us proceed to what’s new. Read the direction
carefully.

What’s New?
(Communication)

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY WORDS

Read the description of important terms that you will encounter in this
module.

VOCABULARY WORD MEANING

1. Property It means characteristics, traits or qualities.
2. Mass The amount of matter possessed by an object.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After finding out the meaning of important terms that
you will encounter as you read the next part, make time to read the
properties of matter below thoroughly.

5
 What are the Properties of Matter?

Properties of Matter
If we are to find the meaning of the word property, it means characteristics,
traits or qualities. This only means that properties of matter are about the observable
characteristics, traits or qualities of matter.

What are the Properties of Matter?

There are two major classifications of the properties of matter. These are; ( 1
) physical property of matter and ( 2 ) chemical property of matter. Furthermore,
the physical properties of matter can still be classified into 2 groups. These are; ( 1
) intensive physical property and ( 2 ) extensive physical property.

1. Physical property

This refers to the characteristic or trait of matter that can be observed or

perceived with our senses easily without changing its chemical composition. To
understand this concept, take a look of the picture of the chalk. Could you determine
some of the characteristics of the chalk as shown in the picture below?

Based from our observation, we could say that the chalk is white in color and
cylindrical in shape. We have identified these characteristics of chalk using our
sense. Which sense did we use in determining its color and shape? Very good, we
used the sense of sight. This means physical properties of matter can easily
determine using our senses without changing or altering the composition of matter.

If color and shape can be determined using our sense of sight, what properties
can be determined if we will use the sense of touch and smell. You are right, if we
will use the sense of touch, the properties of matter that could determine are the
texture and temperature. And if we will use the sense of smell, the property of matter
that could determine is the scent.

6
 Now, those physical properties of matter which we have mentioned awhile ago
can be classified into two. These are; ( 1 ) intensive physical property and ( 2 )
extensive physical property. How is intensive physical property different form the
extensive physical property? To find out, let us read the difference of Intensive
Physical Property and Extensive Physical Property.

A. Intensive Physical Property

This is the characteristic or trait of matter that does not depend on the
amount. Earlier, we have identified the color and shape of the chalk. Those properties
of chalk will fall under intensive physical property because if you increase the
amount of chalk, the color and its shape will remain the same which is white and
cylindrical in shape. In addition, temperature, malleability, diffusion and ductility
are also under intensive physical property of matter.

Ductility is the ability of substance to be stretched into wire. A very good

example of this property is found in the strings of the guitar or wires inside the
electrical connections. Do you see sample of this inside your house?

Ductility of the copper metal

Malleability is the ability of substance to be hammered or transformed into

thin sheet. This can be seen among metals like bracelet, tin cans and metallic roofs
of our houses. Do you see sample of this inside your house?

Malleability of the copper metal

Diffusion is the ability of matter to be scattered or spread out. This can be

observed when you add ink into the water. The ink will mix to the water even without
stirring it. Can you cite other example of this?

7
 Diffusion of ink

B. Extensive Physical Property

It is the characteristic or trait of matter which is dependent on the amount

or quantity. Examples of extensive physical properties of matter are size, mass,
volume, density, length and width. This means that if the amount of matter or
particles is increased, it may cause change in the size, mass, volume, density,
length and width of an object.

Measuring tape Graduated cylinder

Which intensive physical properties of matter are being measured by the

tape measure and graduated cylinder?

8
2. Chemical Property

This is the characteristic or trait that can be observed when a matter reacts
to another substance. Combustibility/flammability and oxidation like rusting are
examples of chemical properties of matter.

Flammability of Paper Rusting of Iron Roof

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Did you understand what you have read about the properties of matter?
If yes, let us proceed to the mini-performance task. You are about to
perform the procedure as instructed in the Mini-performance task.
Read and follow the procedure carefully. Good luck!

Mini-Performance Task
(Collaboration)

Activity 1- Testing the Properties of Matter

Procedure
1. Prepare a spoon of sugar, salt, water, cooking oil and tissue paper using
measuring spoon then place each in separate containers.

2. Observe the five substances then complete the table below by determining their
physical and chemical properties.

9
Data and Result
Substance Mass (g) Color Taste Flammability

1. Salt

2. Sugar

3. Water

4. Cooking oil

5. Tissue
paper

Questions
1. Which substances have similar physical property? Explain your answer.
2. Which substances have the same mass? How about color, taste and
flammability?
3. Which substance is said to be flammable? What precautionary measure
could you cite about flammable materials?
4. Which property is extensive physical property? How about the intensive
physical property and chemical property of matter?

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Congratulations Mi Amigo! You have just finished the lesson 1. Let us
continue our journey as we about to tackle the next lesson.

Lesson
Uses of the Properties of Matter
2

Many products which we are using at home have similarities to one another.
Good examples of these are the sugar and salt which are both white in color. Because
of this similarity in color, some people may get confuse on which of the salt and sugar
will they use specially in times of urgency. Because of this, people should be familiar
with the different properties of matter to various reasons. First is to avoid accident
because of the wrong choice of substance, and secondly is get the best result by using
the right material.

This module will cite some uses of the properties of matter in our practical
life.

10
 What’s In?
(Critical Thinking)

CONCEPT MAPPING

Analyze and complete the concept map below about the properties of matter.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Are those words you have listed inside the blank of the concept map
about the properties of matter correct? Could you explain why?

What’s New?
(Communication)

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY WORDS

Read the description of important terms that you will encounter in this
module.

VOCABULARY WORD MEANING

1. Physical Property The characteristic or trait of matter that
can be observed or perceived with our
senses easily without changing its chemical
composition.

11
2. Chemical Property The characteristic or trait that can be
observed when a matter reacts to another
substance.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Did you find the meaning of the important concepts? If yes, let us
proceed to the mini-performance task. You are about to simulate a
crime scene. Read and follow the procedure carefully. Good luck!

Mini-Performance Task
(Creativity and Collaboration)

Activity 2- Detective Conan

Procedure
1. A crime situation is presented to you. You need to solve the crime by using
your senses and given information.

2. Fill in the investigation report correctly.

Pieces of evidence

12
 Data and Result

Questions
1. Which of the cloth A and cloth B can be used as possible source of
evidence in the crime? Why?
2. Which property of matter did you use in making your observation?

What I Have Learned?

(Critical Thinking)

You have to fill in the L component of the KWL chart to generalize the things
they have learned about the topic.
KWL Chart
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Properties of I have learned that
Matter ….

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
After you have filled-in the L component of the chart, proceed now to
the what I can do.

13
 What I Can Do?
(Character and Creativity)

WORK IN PROGRESS
You are tasked to make an alternative disinfectant for corona virus. Which
materials are you going to use and why? Explain how this product could promote
nationalism and compassion to others.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Congratulations Mi Amigo! You are almost done in lesson 2. Let us do
the last part which is the assessment.

Assessment
(Critical Thinking)

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT
A. Classification. Categorize the following properties of matter as intensive
physical property, extensive physical property or chemical property.

1. Coal is used to produce electricity by burning them to power the generator.

2. Water freezes at O0C.
3. Salt and refined sugar are both white in color.
4. 5 kg. rice is as heavy as 5 kg. newly harvested cotton.
5. Silver is usually tarnished when exposed to air forming silver oxide.
6. Color of the paper
7. Combustibility of plastic
8. Length of paper
9. Mass of the paper
10. Boiling point of water.

B. Essay- Read and answer the question below properly and correctly.
Which intensive physical property is observed when the droppings of a person
seated inside a closed room has able to reach a person who is 1 meter away from
him after sneezing? If you were that person, what would you do to avoid this?

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Congratulations Mi Amigo!!! We are done in this module. You may now
proceed to the next module. See you next time.

14
 REFERENCES

Mendoza E. and Religioso T. (2008). Chemistry Laboratory Manual. Phoenix

Publication

Mendoza E. (2003). Chemistry Textbook. Phoenix Publication

Acknowledgements
Writer: Gary R. Ramos, MAT-GS
Editors: Ma. Teresa M. Chico- PSDS, Rosalina Aranzamendez- PSDS and Ma. Victoria
Santos- PSDS
Reviewers: Amalia C. Solis- EPS, Rebecca M. Roxas- EPS and Lucita A. Gener- EPS
Management Team: Maria Magdelema M. Lim- Schools Division Superintendent- Manila,
Aida H. Rondilla- Chief Education Supervisor, Lucky S. Carpio- EPS and Lady Hannah C.
Gillo, Librarian II- LRMS

15
 ANSWER SHEET
Module 1 - Properties of Matter

Name: Grade/ Sec. _ _ Score:

Teacher: ___ _ School: _ Date: _ _

General Direction: Write your answers here from Pre-Test to Post-Test including
the answers in the activities. Detach and submit this part to your teacher upon
his/her direction which usually given after you have completed this module.

KWL CHART
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Properties of
Matter

PRE-TEST
1. 3. 5. 7. 9.
2. 4. 6. 8. 10.

ASSESSMENT
1. 3. 5. 7. 9.

2. 4. 6. 8. 10.

Essay: Use the back part of the paper

or this part.
WORD HUNT

E M A S S W T O H B

X F H I U T N J F H

T X C Z J K S D G L

E C H E M I C A L V

N O Q E P A H S B M

S L W T Y U I O P A

I O P R P P E R T Y

V R S D F G H J K L

E V I S N E T N I V

16
Activity 1- Testing the Properties of

Matter Data and Result

Substance Mass (g) Color Taste Flammability

1. Salt

2. Sugar

3. Water

4. Cooking oil

5. Tissue
paper

Answer to Questions
1.

2.

3.

4. _

CONCEPT MAPPING

Activity 2- Detective Conan

Data and Result

Answer to the Questions

1.
_
2. _
_ _

17
Name: ______________ _______ __ Score: _ __
Grade/ Sec. _ _____________ ______ Date: _ ___

WORKSHEET
Module 1 - Properties of Matter

I. Classify the following examples as physical or chemical properties by putting check in

the appropriate column.

Physical Property Chemical Property

1. Salt is a crystal that melts at
801°C.
2. Wax candle burn in oxygen
3. Food Digestion
4. Sulfur is yellow
5. Mercury is liquid
6. Oxygen is colorless, and
tasteless.
7. Rusting of metals
8. Copper metal reacts with
nitric acid to make a brown
gas
9. Apple rots due to fungi
10. Gold is a shiny metal

II. Classify the following examples as extensive or intensive properties by putting check in
the appropriate column:
Extensive Property Intensive Property
1. Aluminum metal is gray
colored.
2. Lemon juice (citric acid) is
sour.
3. The volume of orange juice is
25 mL.
4. Odor
5. Rough surface
6. Water has a boiling point of
100°C
7. Area
8. Diamond is the hardest
substance known.
9. A cube of stone has a length
of 3 cm.
10. Shape

18
 11
General
Chemistry 1

Quarter 1 - Module 2:
Chemical Formula of
Common Chemical
Substances

19
 What I Need to Know?

This module was prepared to direct you on how to interpret the meaning of a
given chemical formula as well as to become familiar with the chemical formula of
common chemical substances. Knowing the chemical formula of a certain substance,
we could explain the composition and the characteristics of that substance. In
addition, familiarization on the chemical formula of common substances, we could
easily understand the information written on the food and other product labels. In
this manner, we could avoid a danger or misused of products due to lack of
familiarization to some chemical formulas. One danger could be allergic reaction if a
person took a medicine containing a component that is said to be allergen to that
person. The scope of this module covers many different learning situations where
students could relate their personal experiences on different samples of matter. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are
arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you
read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. recognize the formulas of common chemical substances,
(STEM_GC11Mp1a-b-9).

What I Know?
(Critical Thinking)

To check your prior knowledge about the topic, and to solicit the questions
that you want to know about it, fill in the Know and Want to know components of
the Know-Want to know- Learned (KWL) chart properly and correctly. For the Know
component, you may write word/s or sentence. For the want to know component,
state your responses in interrogative or question form. You may list as many
responses as you want for each component. Write your responses on a separate
sheet of paper.

KWL Chart
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Chemical Formula

2
Guide Questions
1. Based from what you have written on the Know component of the chart, what do
you know about chemical formula?

2. If you were to think of a question that you want to ask about chemical formula,
what question would that be?

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After you have filled-in the K and W components of the
chart and answered the guide questions, answer now the diagnostic
assessment below within 10 minutes.

PRE-TEST
A. Sentence Completion. Complete each statement with a word/ concept in
the blank of the item.

1. The chemical symbol of oxygen is .

2. There is/are hydrogen atom/s present in this chemical formula
C 6 H12 O 6 .
3. is shorthand of expressing the types and the number of atoms
present in a substance.
4. C is the chemical symbol for _.
5. There is/are oxygen atom/s in H2O.

B. Identification. Determine the types and number of atoms in the

following chemical formulas.
6. BF3
7. C 3 H8
8. K2CO3
9. CH4
10. CF4

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: Rest for 1 minute then you may start reading the lesson
1 below about the characteristics of the Particles of Matter.

3
Lesson Chemical Formula
1

Food, medicine and other product labels may sometime confuse you on the
ingredients or materials that contain them because these are written in their
chemical formula form. These formulas are often alien to us because of our lack of
understanding or idea about chemical formula. Most of the time, we associate
chemical formulas for scientists or chemists only. That is why some people tend to
lose interest on trying to understand the meaning of a chemical formula because to
them as ordinary persons, this thing is not important and just a waste of time if they
will study it.

But because of the changing society coupled with information explosion, it

is important to us to grasp an idea on how to interpret a chemical formula, and
become acquainted with common formulas which we usually encounter every day.
This module will discuss the meaning of a given chemical formula as well as the
formula of some common chemical substances.

What’s In

LET US HAVE SOME FUN!

Picture Analysis. Analyze the picture below then answer the corresponding
guide questions.

Guide Questions
1. What is the picture all about? Why?
2. Which substance is being represented by that structure? (Clue: It is the
universal solvent)
3. What is the formula of that universal solvent? Explain your answer.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After you analyze the given picture and answered the
guide questions, let us proceed to what’s new. Read the direction
carefully.

4
 What’s New

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY WORDS

Read the description of important terms that you will encounter in this
module.

VOCABULARY WORD MEANING

1. Subscript A small number written at the lower right corner
of a chemical symbol.
2. Chemical symbol An abbreviation that represents the name of an
element.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After finding out the meaning of important terms that
you will encounter as you read the next part, make time to read the
characteristics of the particles below thoroughly.

What is a Chemical Formula?

Chemical Formula
If we are to study the meaning of chemical formula, two words are involved
namely chemical and formula. Chemical refers to a compound or substance while
formula refers to the symbolic expression. Thus, a chemical formula is a symbolic
expression of a compound or substance. It is also described as shorthand of
expressing the types and the number of atoms in a substance.

What is the Meaning of a Given Chemical Formula?

Once again, chemical formula is the shorthand of expressing the types and
the number of atoms in a substance. For example, CO2 is the chemical formula of a
substance known as carbon dioxide. But what does this CO 2 formula mean? What
information can we get from this formula? In this substance based from its formula
of CO2, the said substance is made up of two types of atoms, these are carbon and
oxygen. This is because the formula has two different letters that are written in
capital form; C and O. The capital letter is known as chemical symbol that represents
a certain substance known as element. Let us use the periodic table below to
determine the chemical symbol of the elements.

5
6
 Molecular Structure of CO2.

The chemical formula also tells the number of each type of atom and the
central atom of the molecule specifically if it is not a diatomic molecule. The first
chemical symbol written at the right side of the formula tells us that it is the central
atom, or the atom located at the center of the molecule. So, for CO2, since C is the
first letter of the chemical formula, the C which is the carbon atom is the central
atom.

If the letter is the chemical symbol that represents an element, the subscript
represents the number of atom in the chemical formula. In CO 2, the subscript of
oxygen is 2 while carbon is 1. Even though there is no number 1 indicated after letter
C in CO2, it is presumed that there is one. So the number after the letter refers to its
number of atoms.

Chemical Formula of Carbon dioxide

So let us take HCl as another example. Determine the atoms represented by

chemical symbols that make up the formula, and determine the number of each
atom.

7
 In the chemical formula HCl, there are two elements which are combined
together. These are hydrogen represented by the chemical symbol of H and chlorine
which is represented by the chemical symbol of Cl. Note that the l in Cl is not
expressed in capital letter. This means that the letter l is part of Cl and not separate
chemical symbol. After determining that HCl has two combined chemical symbols.
The next step is to identify the number of atoms of each element that make up the
chemical formula. So in HCl, since there is no number written after H, we presumed
that there is only 1 H. The same thing with Cl, there is only 1 atom of Cl in the
formula. In short, there is only 1 Hydrogen atom and 1 Chlorine atom.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Did you understand what you have read about chemical formula? If
yes, let us proceed to the mini-performance task. You are about to
perform the procedure as instructed in the Mini-performance task.
Read and follow the procedure carefully. Good luck!

Mini-Performance Task
(Collaboration)

Activity 1 – Chemical Formula and Molecular Structure

Procedure
1. Determine the common name, the types and number of atoms, and the
molecular structure of the given chemical formula in each item.

2. Fill-in the table with correct information.

8
Data and Results
Chemical Common Type of Number Molecular Structure
Formula Name Atoms of Each
Atom
1. NaCl

2. NH3

3. C12H22O11

4. CH4

5. C9H8O4

6. NaOH

QUESTIONS
1. What is the common name of each substance?
2. How is chemical symbol different form a chemical formula?

What I Have Learned?

(Critical Thinking)

You have to fill in the L component of the KWL chart to generalize the things
they have learned about the topic.
KWL Chart
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Chemical Formula I have learned that
….

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
After you have filled-in the L component of the chart, proceed now to
the what I can do.

9
 What I Can Do?
(Character and Creativity)

WORK IN PROGRESS

You may choose to any of the added task to you.

1. Research on the active ingredient or chemical present in plant extract found in

the Philippines that has antiseptic property. Determine the chemical formula of the
active ingredient.

2. Formulate a right formula to successful life? How about to covid-free life?

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Congratulations Mi Amigo! You are almost done in this lesson. Let us do
the last part which is the assessment.

Assessment
(Critical Thinking)

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT

A. Sentence Completion. Complete each statement with a word/ concept in

the blank of the item.

1. is shorthand of expressing the types and the number of atoms

present in a substance.
2. The chemical symbol of carbon is .
3. There is/are nitrogen atom/s present in this chemical formula
NH3.
4. O is the chemical symbol for .
5. There is/are hydrogen atom/s in C 6 H 12 O6 .

10
B. Identification. Determine the common name, the types and number of atoms,
and the molecular structure of the given chemical formula in each item.
Chemical Common Type of Number Molecular Structure
Formula Name Atoms of Each
Atom
1. CaCO3

2. CaO

3. C2H5OH

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Congratulations Mi Amigo!!! We are done in this module. You may now
proceed to the next module. See you next time.

11
 REFERENCES

Mendoza E. and Religioso T. (2008). Chemistry Laboratory Manual. Phoenix

Publication

Mendoza E. (2003). Chemistry Textbook. Phoenix Publication

Acknowledgements
Writer: Gary R. Ramos, MAT-GS
Editors: Ma. Teresa M. Chico- PSDS, Rosalina Aranzamendez- PSDS and Ma. Victoria
Santos- PSDS
Reviewers: Amalia C. Solis- EPS, Rebecca M. Roxas- EPS and Lucita A. Gener- EPS
Management Team: Maria Magdelema M. Lim- Schools Division Superintendent- Manila,
Aida H. Rondilla- Chief Education Supervisor, Lucky S. Carpio- EPS and Lady Hannah C.
Gillo, Librarian II- LRMS

12
 ANSWER SHEET
Module 2 – Chemical Formula

Name: Grade/ Sec. _ Score:

Teacher: ___ _ School: _ Date: _ _

General Direction: Write your answers here from Pre-Test to Post-Test including
the answers in the activities. Detach and submit this part to your teacher upon
his/her direction which usually after you have completed this module.

KWL CHART
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Chemical Formula

PRE-TEST
Sentence Completion Identification
1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

ASSESSMENT
Sentence Completion
1.
3. 5.
2. 4.
Identification
Chemical Common Type of Number Molecular Structure
Formula Name Atoms of Each
Atom
1. CaCO3

2. CaO

3. C2H5OH

13
Name: ______________ _______ __ Score: _ __
Grade/ Sec. _ _____________ ______ Date: _ ___

Module 2 – Chemical Formula

Activity 1 – Chemical Formula and Molecular Structure

Chemical Common Type of Number Molecular Structure

Formula Name Atoms of Each
Atom
1. NaCl

2. NH3

3. C12H22O11

4. CH4

5. C9H8O4

6. NaOH

Answer to Questions
1. _ _

2.

14
 11
General
Chemistry 1

Quarter 1 - Module 3:
Consumer Products

15
 What I Need to Know?

This module was written to enumerate how consumer products we have at

home are different from one another in terms of their usefulness, level of safety and
their cost in the market. Understanding the different consumer products may help
us to make informed decisions regarding the use of those products that may affect
our health, finances, and the quality of way of our life. In addition, this module will
help us to see the connections between Science, Technology and Society by
determining the problem in the community (Society) that was addressed by a certain
consumer product (Technology) and the knowledge (Science) behind the creation of
the said consumer product. The scope of this module covers many different learning
situations where students could relate their personal experiences on different
samples of matter. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of
students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the
textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. compare consumer products on the basis of their components for use,
safety, quality and cost, (STEM_GC11MP1a-b-11).

What I Know?
(Critical Thinking)

To check your prior knowledge about the topic, and to solicit the questions
that you want to know about it, fill in the Know and Want to know components of
the Know-Want to know- Learned (KWL) chart properly and correctly. For the Know
component, you may write word/s or sentence. For the want to know component,
state your responses in interrogative or question form. You may list as many
responses as you want for each component. Write your responses on a separate
sheet of paper.

KWL Chart
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Consumer
Products

2
Guide Questions
1. Based from what you have written on the Know component of the chart, what do
you know about consumer products?

2. If you were to think of a question that you want to ask about consumer
products, what question would that be?

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After you have filled-in the K and W components of the
chart and answered the guide questions, answer now the diagnostic
assessment below within 10 minutes.

PRE-TEST
Matching Type. Match the descriptions under Column A with the correction concepts or
words in Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer.

Column A Column B

1. The amount that has to be paid to buy A. Consumer Products

something B. Technology
2. Refers to ingredient or constituent C. Cost
3. These are goods that are bought for D. Composition
consumption by the average consumer E. Field
4. Refers to an area or a sphere
5. Application of Science

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: Rest for 1 minute then you may start reading the lesson
1 below about the consumer products.

Lesson Consumer Products

1

Consumer products are something that we cannot live without. Every activity
we do such as taking a bath, cooking our favorite dishes, driving our cars or
monitoring and maintaining our good health condition, there will always be a
consumer product that is involved. Those consumer products were made possible
because of the interactions of Science, Technology and Society. Now, how Science,
Technology and Society became involved in the creation of those consumer products
is something it will be discuss in this module. We will also discuss when a consumer
product may cause harm despite of its usefulness to our life. This module will try to
identify which field or area of our society those consumers

3
products are very useful. And lastly, the module will identify some compositions that
make up a certain consumer product. In summary, this module will discuss the
different consumer products in terms of their composition, uses and costs.

What’s In?

LET US HAVE SOME FUN!

Picture Analysis. Analyze the picture below then answer the corresponding
guide questions.

Guide Questions
1. Which problem is being addressed by the invention of the bath soap?

2. What substances are needed to make bath soap?

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After you analyze the given picture and answered the
guide questions, let us proceed to what’s new. Read the direction
carefully.

What’s New?
(Communication)

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY WORDS

Read the description of important terms that you will encounter in this
module.

VOCABULARY WORD MEANING

1. Cost The amount or prize of a produced product.
2. Consumer Product The final good that is bought for personal use.

4
 HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After finding out the meaning of important terms that
you will encounter as you read the next part, make time to read the
consumer products below thoroughly.

What is a Consumer Product?

Consumer Product
Consumer product is the final good that is bought by individuals or
households for personal use. In other words, consumer products are goods that are
bought for consumption by the average consumer.

What are Consumer Products?

Again, consumer products are goods that are bought for consumption by the
average consumer. Consumer products were made possible because of the
interactions of Science, Technology and Society. The Knowledge (Science) is being
used to come up with the different consumer products (Technology) that address
problems of the community (Society). For example, Bath soap (Technology) is a
consumer product which we usually use to solve a problem of the Society that is skin
infection and poor hygiene.

Bath soap which invented to solve skin infection and poor hygiene

The Science, Technology and Society are interrelated to one another because
any change in one aspect could trigger also a change to other aspects. Meaning if
Knowledge (Science) will improve due to new or latest discoveries made by scientists
or even an ordinary person (Society), there will be also a corresponding effect or
improvement to the consumer products (Technology) we use every day.

There are many consumer products available in the market because of their
usefulness. However, the same consumer products may post danger to anyone. Now,
when is a consumer product may cause danger if it is very useful to us? A consumer
product may cause harm to us for two reasons. First is when we abuse

5
or misuse such product. A good example of this would be the solvent like rugby that
was invented to use as an adhesive material. But for some instances, the same
solvent is being used by drug dependent. And secondly is if a consumer product was
made intended to cause harm such as gun powder and poisons.

Let us analyze the table below that shows information of bath soap in terms
of its some chemical components, use, safeness, and cost.

Consumer Some Use Level of Cost

Product Chemical Safeness
Components
(Chemical
Formula)

Bath Soap -Glycerine - Cure skin - Generally -Generally very

(C3H8O3) infection safe (External affordable
use only) price (non-
-Sodium - Improve
branded) but
hydroxide personal
some are
(NaOH) hygiene
costly if its
-Titanium branded.
dioxide (TiO2)

- Triclosan
(C 12 H7Cl 13 O 2)

Table showing some information about common bath soap

Based from the table, some of the chemical components used to make bath
soap are glycerine, sodium hydroxide and titanium dioxide. Glycerine is added to
soap as emollient and texture enhancer while sodium hydroxide is added to bath
soap to as main ingredient. Titanium dioxide is added to make the bath soap opaque
while Triclosan is added as the active anti-bacterial ingredient.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Did you understand what you have read about consumer products? If
yes, let us proceed to the mini-performance task. You are about to
perform the procedure as instructed in the Mini-performance task.
Read and follow the procedure carefully. Good luck!

6
 Mini-Performance Task
(Collaboration)

Activity 1 – My Consumer Product

Procedure
1. Choose a consumer product that is available in the field of medicine,
communication, transportation and agriculture.

2. Fill-in the table with correct information.

Data and Results

Area or Field Consumer Some Use Level of Cost
Product Chemical Safeness
Components
(Chemical
Formula)

Medicine

Communication

Transportation

Agriculture

QUESTIONS
1. For each field, which problem is being addressed by the consumer product?
2. What are some chemical components of the consumer products?

7
 What I Have Learned?
(Critical Thinking)

You have to fill in the L component of the KWL chart to generalize the things
they have learned about the topic.
KWL Chart
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Consumer I have learned that
Products ….

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
After you have filled-in the L component of the chart, proceed now to
the what I can do.

What I Can Do?

(Character and Creativity)

WORK IN PROGRESS

Added task to you

You are tasked to create a project plan about your own consumer product you
wanted to sell. Tell something about its chemical composition, use and cost.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Congratulations Mi Amigo! You are almost done in this lesson. Let us do
the last part which is the assessment.

8
 Assessment
(Critical Thinking)

POST-TEST

Read and answer each statement carefully then write the letter of the best
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. Area or sphere is refereed as

A. Science C. Field
B. Consumer Products D. Composition
2. What do you call the goods that are bought for consumption by the average
consumer?
A. Science C. Field
B. Consumer Products D. Composition
3. is the amount that has to be paid to buy something.
A. Cost C. Science
B. Consumer products D. Composition
4. refer to the body of knowledge.
A. Cost C. Science
B. Consumer products D. Composition
5. refers to the ingredients or constituents
A. Cost C. Science
B. Consumer products D. Composition

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Congratulations Mi Amigo!!! We are done in this module. You may now
proceed to the next module. See you next time.

9
 REFERENCES

Mendoza E. and Religioso T. (2008). Chemistry Laboratory Manual. Phoenix

Publication

Mendoza E. (2003). Chemistry Textbook. Phoenix Publication

Acknowledgements
Writer: Gary R. Ramos, MAT-GS
Editors: Ma. Teresa M. Chico- PSDS, Rosalina Aranzamendez- PSDS and Ma. Victoria
Santos- PSDS
Reviewers: Amalia C. Solis- EPS, Rebecca M. Roxas- EPS and Lucita A. Gener- EPS
Management Team: Maria Magdelema M. Lim- Schools Division Superintendent- Manila,
Aida H. Rondilla- Chief Education Supervisor, Lucky S. Carpio- EPS and Lady Hannah C.
Gillo, Librarian II- LRMS

10
 ANSWER SHEET

Module 3 – Consumer Products

Name: Grade/ Sec. Score:

Teacher: School: Date:

General Direction: Write your answers here from Pre-Test to Post-Test including
the answers in the activities. Detach and submit this part to your teacher upon
his/her direction which usually given after you have completed this module.

KWL CHART
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Consumer
Products

PRE-TEST
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

POST-TEST
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Activity 1- My Consumer Products

Data and Results

Area or Field Consumer Some Use Level of Cost
Product Chemical Safeness
Components
(Chemical
Formula)

Medicine

Communication

11
 Area or Field Consumer Some Use Level of Cost
Product Chemical Safeness
Components
(Chemical
Formula)

Transportation

Agriculture

Answer to Questions
1.

2.

12
 11
General
Chemistry 1

Quarter 1 - Module 4:
Methods of Separating
Components of
Mixtures and
Compounds

13
 What I Need to Know?

This module was prepared to provide you with a guide on how the
compositions of different types of mixtures can be separated to one another. The
significance of knowing the ways of separating components of mixture could help us
in difficult and unexpected situations such as the need for potable water in waterless
island or in an area surrounded by flood water. In addition, familiarization on the
proper techniques and safety procedure to be observed in performing the separating
methods would help you to identify easily the components of commonly found
mixtures or substances at home accurately and correctly. The scope of this module
covers many different learning situations where students could relate their personal
involvements on different methods of separating components of mixtures and
compounds. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students.
The lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order
in which you read them can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now
using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. describe various simple separation techniques such as distillation and
chromatography, (STEM_GC11MP1a-b-12).

What I Know?
(Critical Thinking)

To check your prior knowledge about the topic, and to solicit the questions
that you want to know about it, fill in the Know and Want to know components of
the Know-Want to know- Learned (KWL) chart properly and correctly. For the Know
component, you may write word/s or sentence. For the want to know component,
state your responses in interrogative or question form. You may list as many
responses as you want for each component. Write your responses on a separate
sheet of paper.

KWL Chart
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Methods of
Separating
Components of
Mixtures and
Compounds

2
Guide Questions
1. Based from what you have written on the Know component of the chart, what do
you know about methods of separating components of mixtures and compounds?

2. If you were to think of a question that you want to ask about methods of
separating components of mixtures and compounds, what question would that be?

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After you have filled-in the K and W components of the
chart and answered the guide questions, answer now the diagnostic
assessment below within 10 minutes.

PRE-TEST
A. Multiple Choice. Read and answer each statement carefully then write the
letter of the best answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. A heterogeneous mixture can be separated by all of the following methods

EXCEPT
A. filtration C. distillation
B. decantation D. mechanical separation

2. To get salt out of a solution, we could use

A. filtration C. distillation
B. decantation D. mechanical separation

3. Mary wants to get the iron filings out of some fine sand, what could be used to
separate these two solids?
A. Magnet B. Sieve C. Evaporation D. Decantation

4. Condensing means transforming from gas to

A. solid B. liquid C. gas D. plasma

5. If I pour the water off after I boil the banana, this method is an example of
A. filtration C. distillation
B. decantation D. mechanical separation

B. Sentence Completion. Complete each statement with a word/ concept in the

blank of the item.
1. Separating sand and water could be done through .
2. involves the used of centrifuge to speed up the settling of the precipitate
using centrifugal or rotating motion.
3. The separation technique that takes advantage of different boiling points in
called
4. The best way to decompose water into oxygen and hydrogen is by
5. The sugar in sugar solution can be removed by

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: Rest for 1 minute then you may start reading the lesson
1 below about the characteristics of the Particles of Matter.

3
 Lesson Methods of Separating Components
1 of Mixtures and Compounds

The earth is full of different mixtures which are present on land, water and
air. These mixtures play important roles in our life because of their uses in the filed
agriculture, health, industries and even to our practical living. However, substances
in their mixture forms are not always the ideal substances for us based from what
we are aiming to get or to do, rather its components are more important. Thus, a
mixture must undergo such process in order to breakdown its components for our
ideal use.

This module will discuss the different methods of separating components of

mixtures and compounds as well as the important laboratory technique and safety
rules that need to observe.

What’s In?

LET US HAVE SOME FUN!

Situational Analysis. Analyze the scenario below then answer the

corresponding guide questions.

Your plane suddenly crushed in an island and luckily you survived. The
island is full of fruit bearing plants but no source of fresh water.

Guide Questions
1. What would you do to convert the ocean water into potable water? How?
2. Which separating method could be used to separate water and salt from sea
water?

4
 HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After you have analyzed the given situation and answered
the guide questions, let us proceed to what’s new. Read the direction
carefully.

What’s New?
(Communication)

IMPORTANT VOCABULARY WORDS

Read the description of important terms that you will encounter in this
module.

VOCABULARY WORD MEANING

1. Component A part or element of a larger whole.
2. Separate Cause to move or be apart.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
DIRECTION: After finding out the meaning of important terms that
you will encounter as you read the next part, make time to read the
methods of separating the components of mixtures and compound
below thoroughly.

What is Method of Separating

Components of Mixture?

Method of Separating Components of Mixtures

If we are to study the meaning of method of separating components of mixtures
and compound, we need to determine first the meaning of important concepts. First
is method which is describe as procedure, process, way or technique. Second is the
separate which means to move, segregate or keep apart. Third is component which
means constituent, section or a part of a larger whole. And lastly is the word mixture
which means a substance produced when two or more pure substances are put
together in any proportion without a chemical union. Thus, method of separating
components of mixtures is a procedure or process of segregating or moving the
constituent or part of a substance which is made up of two or more pure substances.

5
What are the Methods of Separating the Components of
Mixtures and Compounds?
Once again, method of separating components of mixtures is a procedure or
process of segregating or moving the constituent or part of a substance which is made
up of two or more pure substances. Sample of a mixture is sea water because sea
water contains both water and salt which are mixed together in different proportion
or amount. Another example is mixture of water conglomerate which is a mixture of
sand, gravel and cement which is used as construction materials.

So, what are the different methods of separating the components of mixtures
and compounds? What are laboratory techniques and safety rules that must be
observed in performing those methods? Let us find out the different separating
methods.

1. Filtration

It is the process of separating the insoluble solid from the liquid substance by
allowing the liquid to pass through a porous material called filtering agent. The solid
particles which are retained in the filter paper is called residue, and the clear liquid
which passes through a filtering agent such as filter paper is called the filtrate. In
using a filter paper, a glass funnel is used as a support. To transfer the mixture
(liquid) from the beaker into the funnel, you have to mix thoroughly the mixture using
a stirring rod so that no solid substance will be left behind. A stirring rod may also
be used to guide the mixture into the funnel to avoid spillage especially if the said
funnel is too small. See to it also that the filter paper is not damaged before using it.

Filtration Process

2. Decantation

This is a method used to separate the liquid layer known as supernatant and
a heavy insoluble solid known as precipitate by allowing the said solid to settle at the
bottom of the container then the liquid above the solid is poured off carefully into
another container. In decantation process, the mixture is being set aside and given
enough time the precipitate to settle at the bottom of the container such as a beaker.
Unlike the filtration process where you can immediately pour the mixture into the
funnel, you have to wait all the precipitate to settle at the bottom of the

6
container before the actual pouring can be done. In the decantation process, you
have to pour the liquids into another container very slowly. A stirring rod may also
be used to guide the liquid into another container to avoid spillage especially if the
said container is too small. In checking the temperature of a container such as
beaker, you may use the back part of your hand to determine it hotness. Do not
immediately touch the container.

Decantation Process

3. Mechanical Separation

This involves the use of forceps, sieves, magnet and other similar tools to
separate the components of mixtures. Sand and gravel are separated by passing the
mixture over a wire screen. In the mechanical separation, the involved substances
are mostly solids that can be separated manually. Below is an illustration of a sieve
that separate two solid which are the sand and the gravel. It may look like filtration,
but the device used in this process is not porous.

Mechanical Separation
4. Centrifugation

It is the process that uses a motor device known as centrifuge that speeds up
the settling of the precipitate using centrifugal or rotating motion. As the mixture
inside the test tube of the centrifuge is subjected to centrifugal force, the

7
heavier component settles at the bottom and the less dense component settles at the
upper portion. Example of this is the separating the components of blood which
include the plasma, buffy coat and the blood cells. In using the centrifuge, the
number of the test tube inside should have equal distances and the cover of the
centrifuge should be tightly covered to avoid any untoward incident.

Centifugation Process

5. Distillation

This is a process that involves the evaporation and condensation of a liquid

solvent from a mixture or solution. This method uses the difference in boiling points
of the components of a mixture. The more volatile liquid in the mixture boils first,
evaporates, then condenses. The distillate is the liquid formed from the condensation
of the vapor. Content of the container should always be checked to avoid drying up
of the said container.

Distillation Process

6. Chromatography

This process uses the difference in the degrees to which substances are
absorbed on the surface of an inert substance such as a filter paper. A drop of ink

8
or extract will be separated into different components if it is placed at the end of a
filter paper and the tip of the paper is allowed to barely touch the solvent. Separate
bands of colors, representing the different components will appear on the paper. In
doing this process, the filter paper should ensure the touching of the solvent.

Chromatography Process

7. Electrolysis

This is a chemical decomposition or breakdown produced by passing an electric

current through a liquid or solution containing ions. Example of this is the separation
of oxygen atom to the hydrogen atoms from the water molecules. In doing this
method, the positive and negative electrodes should be submerged completely in the
liquid to effectively separate the ions.

9
 HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Did you understand what you have read about methods of
separating the components of mixtures and compounds? If yes, let
us proceed to the mini-performance task. You are about to perform
the procedure as instructed in the Mini-performance task. Read and
follow the procedure carefully. Good luck!

Mini-Performance Task
(Collaboration)

Activity 1 – Methods of Separation

Procedure
A. Sand of time
1. Prepare 1 kg soil from the backyard and sieve.
2. Transfer the 1 kg soil into the sieve. Measure the mass of the sand and the
materials left on the sieve.

B. Pass it through the cloth

1. Measure 100 mL water from the bottom of your water container.
2. Cover the top of a glass with a piece of cloth then pour the 100 mL water unto
it.
3. After pouring the water, observe the surface of the clothe. Note any observation
that you will make.

Observations
A.

B.

Questions
1. What material passes though the holes of the sieve? Why?

2. What did you find on the surface of the clothe? Is it safe to drink before
passing through that clothe? Why?
 What I Have Learned?
(Critical Thinking)

You have to fill in the L component of the KWL chart to generalize the things
they have learned about the topic.
KWL Chart
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Methods of I have learned that
Separating ….
Components of
Mixtures and
Compounds

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
After you have filled-in the L component of the chart, proceed now to
the what I can do.

What I Can Do?

(Character and Creativity)

WORK IN PROGRESS

You may choose to any of the added task to you

1. Using an empty soft drink bottle, gravel, sand and charcoal, create your own
water-filtering device.

2. Make a community plan on how could you separate the persons with covid-19
from non-covid? What can you do to help your community?

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Congratulations Mi Amigo! You are almost done in this lesson. Let us do
the last part which is the assessment.
 Assessment
(Critical Thinking)

POST-TEST

A. Multiple Choice. Read and answer each statement carefully then write the
letter of the best answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. In preparing coffee using the Barako coffee beans, you may pour the boiled
coffee mixture into a piece of cloth. Which method is being illustrated?
A. Filtration C. Distillation
B. Decantation D. Mechanical separation

2. Which of the following mixtures could NOT be used in separating the

components of mixtures through decantation?
A. Quail egg in hot water C. Sand in glass of water
B. Sugar in hot water D. Utensils in warm water

3. Which of these methods could be used to separate an insoluble solid from a

soluble solid?
A. Mixing the mixture with water and then filtering it. Then evaporate the
water from the resulting liquid.
B. Mixing the mixture with sand and then filtering it. Then evaporate the
sand from the resulting solid
C. Mixing the mixture with hydrogen gas and then filtering it. Then
evaporate the solids out.
D. None of the above.
4. Which method uses the boiling point differences by gradually heated a mixture?
The substance that vaporize the easiest will separate first.
A. Filtration C. Distillation
B. Decantation D. Mechanical separation

5.A coffee filter is used to separate coffee liquid from ground, this is a suitable
example of
A. filtration C. distillation
B. decantation D. mechanical separation

B. Sentence Completion. Complete each statement with a word/ concept in the

blank of the item.

1. is a chemical decomposition of breakdown produced by passing an electric

current through a liquid or solution containing ions.

2. involves the use of forceps, sieves and other similar tools to separate the
components of mixtures.
3. is a process that involves the evaporation and condensation of volatile
liquids. The more volatile liquid in the mixture boils first, evaporates, then
condenses.

4. is a method used to separate liquid and a heavy insoluble solid like soil by
allowing the solid to settle at the bottom of the container then the liquid above the
solid is poured off carefully into another container.

5. is the process of separating the insoluble solid from the liquid substance
by allowing the liquid to pass through a porous material called filtering agent.

HOLD ON AMIGO!!!
Congratulations Mi Amigo!!! We are done in this module. You may now
proceed to the next module. See you next time.
 REFERENCES

Mendoza E. and Religioso T. (2008). Chemistry Laboratory Manual. Phoenix

Publication

Mendoza E. (2003). Chemistry Textbook. Phoenix Publication

Acknowledgements
Writer: Gary R. Ramos, MAT-GS
Editors: Ma. Teresa M. Chico- PSDS, Rosalina Aranzamendez- PSDS and Ma. Victoria
Santos- PSDS
Reviewers: Amalia C. Solis- EPS, Rebecca M. Roxas- EPS and Lucita A. Gener- EPS
Management Team: Maria Magdelema M. Lim- Schools Division Superintendent- Manila,
Aida H. Rondilla- Chief Education Supervisor, Lucky S. Carpio- EPS and Lady Hannah C.
Gillo, Librarian II- LRMS
 ANSWER SHEET
Module 4 – Methods of Separating the Components of Mixtures and
Compounds

Name: Grade/ Sec. Score:

Teacher: School: Date:

General Direction: Write your answers here from Pre-Test to Post-Test including
the answers in the activities. Detach and submit this part to your teacher upon
his/her direction which usually given after you have completed this module.

KWL CHART
Topic Know Want to know Learned
Methods of
Separating
Components of
Mixtures and
Compounds

PRE-TEST
Multiple Choice
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Sentence Completion
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

POST-TEST
Multiple Choice
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Sentence Completion
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Activity 1- Methods of Separation

Observations
A.

B.

Answer to the Questions

1.

2.

16
Name: ______________ _______ __ Score: _ __
Grade/ Sec. _ _____________ ______ Date: _ ___

WORKSHEET
Module 4 – Methods of Separating Components of Mixtures and Compounds

EXPERIMENT: IS BLACK INK REALLY BLACK?

Chromatography is a method for separating colored substances into individual

pigments. We are going to explore this in the next investigation.
AIM: To separate the pigment components in ink using different liquids.

MATERIALS AND APPARATUS:

• absorbent paper cut into strips approximately 3 cm wide and 12 cm long
• clear drinking glass or beaker
• assorted black pens and markers
• tap water
• pencil
• paper clip or clothes peg
• variety of liquid solvents (alcohol, and nail polish remover)

METHOD: To make a strip chromatogram

1. Use a black pen or marker to draw a line across one end of the paper strip, 2 cm from
the end.
2. Pour tap water into the beaker to a depth of approximately 1 cm.
3. Wrap the unmarked end of the paper strip around the pencil and secure it in place with
a paper clip.
4. Before putting it into the glass, adjust the strip of paper so that the height of the inked
line is approximately 1 cm above the surface of the liquid by holding it against the
outside of the beaker.
5. Lower the strip into the glass and rest the pencil across the top of the glass as shown in
the diagram. The end of the strip should be in the water, but the inked line should be
above the surface of the water.
6. Allow the liquid to soak up into the paper, rising through the inked line

7. When the migrating pigments approach the top of the strip, near the paper clip, remove
the paper strip and allow it to dry on a flat, non-porous surface.
8. Make a similar strip chromatogram for each of the black pens you have collected.
9. Compare the chromatograms. Are they the same or are they different?
10. When you have finished comparing your chromatogram, draw/picture it.

17
OBSERVATIONS:
1. Do the two chromatograms look the same or different? If they look different, and you
have used the same pen, why do you think that is?
f
f
d

2. Which color pigments were you able to observe?

d
d

3. Paste your chromatograms in the space below.

4. Which color pigment is moving up the paper at the fastest speed? Why do you say so?
f
f

5. Which color pigment is moving up the paper at the slowest speed?

d
s

CONCLUSION:
What can you conclude about the pigments that make up black ink?
s
s
d

18