GRADIVA REVIEW JOURNAL

ADVANCE HOME SECURITY SYSTEM USING IOT ISSN NO : 0363-8057

Ms. Arpita Johri Devesh Sharma

Aakash Sharma
Assistant Professor at department of Student at department of Electronics
Electronics and Communication Student at department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
Engineering and Communication Engineering
ABES Engineering College
ABES Engineering College ABES Engineering College
Ghaziabad
Ghaziabad Ghaziabad

Abhishek Singh
Akash Tiwari
Student at department of Electronics
and Communication Engineering Student at department of Electronics
and Communication Engineering
ABES Engineering College
ABES Engineering College
Ghaziabad
Ghaziabad
a

Abstract—: Home security has become a most important The term IOT and its conception can be traced back to 1985,
responsibility in recent year. As the technology is when Peter T. Lewis spoke about the concept during his
expanding day by day, ample home-based security speech to the Federal Communications Commission (FCC).
system has been developing with the latest technology to The scope of IOT has grown very fast in comparison of
keep the home safe. This paper represent the prototype other technology. By the help of IOT we can collect real
and design of a home security system that helps to make time data and information and also analysis using accurate
home more secure, advanced, and economical. The sensor and internet connectivity that will help in making a
Internet of Things has become one of the most important beneficial in taking decisions.
exposure for the future of wireless sensor technology. In recent years, home security has become one of the most
Wi-Fi is one of the most important wireless important part of life concern. It is necessary to make secure
communication protocols for connecting various devices home from the intruders. By the help of sensors (like PIR
to exchange data over the Internet. IOT is implemented sensor) intrusion detection and surveillance we can easily
in smart home security for embedded modules for detect intrusion and raise alert. Smart home security system
devices for the independent operation of collecting and having the potential that can easily detect the intrusion and
monitoring various sensor data for home security and having a strong connectivity with the secure environment
embedded with android application. This system consists that contain PIR sensor, buzzer to alert , camera for clicking
of alarm system so client get the notification through the picture, GSM module that help in sending messages via
android application on the client’s mobile via SMS. SMS.

Keywords--- Internet of things (IOT), PIR

Sensor, Microcontroller, Intrusion II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Detection
Cameras need to be of good Design and
Implementation of Security for Smart Home
I. INTRODUCTION based on GSM technology was discussed by
Govinda et al. (2014) that provides two methods
Internet of Things are the connected physical objects that to implement home security using IOT [1]. One
can transfer the data from one to another without the help of is using web cameras such that whenever there
humans. It allows to gather the data from all type of is any motion detected by the camera, it sounds
mediums like as kitchen appliances, humans, animals and all an alarm and sends a mail to the owner. This
type of physical object in which IP address can be enable
method of detecting intrusion is quite good,
data transmission over the network by which IOT is
embedded with electronics devices such as software, sensor, albeit somewhat expensive due to the cost of the
network in gear. cameras involved in the process. The quality
which means it should have a wide range and

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the picture quality should be high enough to which are out of range from the fixed cameras but
detect movement. Also if you go for movable faces the same difficulties which are faced with
cameras such as dome cameras, they will cost systems consisting of GSM modules to send text
even more than the fixed ones. messages, which is that the delivery of message is
dependent on network coverage. Also due to the
SMS based system using GSM was proposed by
nature of lasers being a straight beam, it can be
Karri and Daniel (2005) propose to use internet
avoided by intruders who know about the system and
services to send messages or alert to the house owner
are capable of dodging the lasers, rendering the
instead of the conventional SMS.[2] Jayashri and
whole system useless.
Arvind (2013) have implemented a fingerprint-based
authentication system to unlock a door [3]. This A novel way to design an electronic lock using Morse
system helps users by only allowing the users whose code and IOT technology [6]. The authors claim that
fingerprint are authorized by the owner of the house. this as an original idea which have not been tried
This system can also be used to monitor who all have before and is the first of its kind “optical Morse code-
used the sensor to gained entry into the house. The based electronic locking system”. This system uses
system is coupled with a few more home protection LED’s (Light emitting diodes) as an encrypting
features such as gas leakage and fire accidents. medium to send signals. To make it more accessible
Although a good system, fingerprint sensors are to general public, the LED in smart phones has been
expensive and complex (as they need increased used. On the receiver’s side is a photosensitive
sensor resolution) to integrate into an IoT setup. resistor as well as a microcontroller such as Arduino
Some experts also argue that only relying on a processor which has the ability to decrypt the optical
fingerprint sensor is not wise as it is relatively easy to signal after receiving them from the LED. Upon
lift someone’s fingerprints and replicate them, which decoding the signal it can than upload the current
is why it is always advised to use fingerprint scanners condition of the lock to a cloud from where the
in two factor authentication systems where an owner can monitor the system. The authors have
additional layer of security is available in the form of experimented the system in real time and it has proved
PIN,passcode, voice recognition, etc. to work under different illumination environments
with all the functions working as they were intended
Some researchers proposed an idea of robust IOT
to. The authors also claim to have an easy and user-
home security system where a fault in of one
friendly interface. The IOT system developed here
component in the system does not lead to the
works very well and can be used by anyone and is
failure of the whole system [4]. The idea of using
very convenient due to the use of mobile phones as
multiple devices which may or may not be directly
LED, which also makes it a cost expensive alternative
compatible with each other but can be made to work
[7]. Anitha et al (2016) proposed a home automation
in such a way that they can replace an existing
system using artificial intelligence and also proposed
component of the system in case of a fault. In tandem
a model for cyber security systems [8,9].
to this, the model has the ability to use overlap
between various devices which would result in Ravi Kishore Kodali, Vishal Jain, Suvadeep Bose and
preserving energy thus making the model more Lakshmi Boppana explained the model for IOT
efficient. An example provided of the said model project which focuses on building a smart wireless
would use temperature sensor, Wi- Fi module and a home security system which sends alerts to the
door sensor to replace a faulty camera. The authors owner by using Internet in case of any trespass
are successful in an effort to demonstrate the given and raises an alarm optionally. The microcontroller
example. However such systems are useful for people used in the current prototype is the TICC3200
with energy efficiency in mind and for those who Launchpad board. This system can send alerts and the
need a high degree of robustness with their security status sent by the Wi-Fi connected microcontroller
systems and are willing to expend more money than managed system can be received by the user on his
usual. Laser rays and LDR sensor are used to detect phone from any distance irrespective of whether his
intrusion using their movement was proposed in 2016 mobile phone is connected to the internet [10].
[5]. The way the system works is that a laser is
Vamsikrishna Patchava, Hari Babu Kandala, P Ravi
focused towards a LDR sensor and the moment that
Babu proposed the system for Smart Home
the contact of laser to LDR sensor breaks, the alarm
Automation technique with Raspberry Pi using
connected to the sensor goes off alerting the
IOT and it is done by integrating cameras and
neighbours and sends a SMS to the owner. This
motion sensors into a web application. Raspberry Pi
system solve the problem of covering the places

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operates and controls motion sensors and video IOT and Arduino based Home Security System
cameras for sensing and surveillance. For instance, it project is designed to help an individual secure
captures intruder’s identity and detects its presence his/her house from theft, fire and LPG gas leakage –
using simple Computer Vision Technique (CVT) [11]. all in one. This project uses four different sensors,
The main advantage of IOT based Home Automation from which data is sent over a website through IOT.
is user can remotely control or integrated with the Internet of Things (IOT) is basically, the network of
electric appliance and devices. Most of the Home ‘things’ by which physical things can exchange data
Automation Systems are relatively high cost with the help of sensors, electronics, software, and
comparing to Bangladesh. Most of the home connectivity. These systems do not require any
automation is android or IOS based, not platform human interaction [14].
independent. The security is a great concern for IOT
based home automation system. The paper -"Internet
of Things Business Models, Users, and Networks" V. BLOCK DIAGRAM
describes various wireless IOT protocols used in
smart home. It also describes the application Block diagram of system consist of peripheral sensors for
protocols used for IoT. It is useful to recommend the motion detection, gas leakage detector, fire detector, exhaust
best security features of different protocols and helps fan, buzzer, camera and the main platform of the system e.g.
Arduino Uno, ESP-32.
choose which protocol to use [12]

III. PROBLEM STATEMENT

In most of the home security system those are developed

earlier are affected by power failure and breaking of
security, So Security monitoring system requires data
transmission system fast receiving data and having a good
range, So the client can fixed the devices freely at important
locations for detecting the intrusion. The internal
configuration of security system must be safe and secure so
it is not hacked by anyone no matter in various ways
including power supply to the system, on receiving the data
and during their transmission. Atmospheric condition is not Fig.1 Flow Diagram
always same so the security system must be temperature
resistant, water resistant and robust so the data transmission
process and data receiving process must not be affected.  Arduino Uno
Some of the security system having the limitation over the
usage of sensor devices that’s why system cannot cover the An Arduino Uno is a platform with a
complete area of intrusion that is reason security system microcontroller, some memory, a bunch of
requires extensive use of sensor for the system to cover interface & I / O adaptation circuitry, and a
every part of the house. Therefore, we propose to design an bunch of circuitries to handle voltage / power
internet based home automation system which will enable distribution to the platform. In addition, it has a
one to remotely manage his/her appliances from anywhere,
software development environment and an
anytime and also safeguard his smart home against fire
accidents or theft [13]. ecosystem with lots of software and hardware
pieces you can add to your application with it. At
a high level, this gets you a single board
IV. PROPOSED SOLUTION platform you can use to interface with lots things
in the outside world. You can write software for
Incidents like thefts, fire and LPG gas leakage are your microcontroller - have it twiddle these pins
very common these days. What is uncommon, is high and low or read voltages from them and
people’s awareness about different systems like a make software decisions to twiddle other pins
smoke detector, gas leakage detectors, etc. Installing high and low or set other voltages based on
all these different detectors in order to keep the house whatever algorithm you decide is best. You can
secured is also something that is difficult to maintain. send instructions to devices / sensors that
Here, we have designed an integrated home security respond to I2C / SPI messages & collect data
system that would help people secure their from the same. You can repurpose the pins to
houses from such incident. allow you to stack other boards containing logic

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devices on top of the Arduino - so at the end of the material in the sensor changes, which can be
the day, it is very scalable and flexible (and measured as an output voltage.
cheap) way to build an embedded controlling
platform [15].

Fig.4 Gas sensor

 Camera
The camera is used to get the live update of the
Fig.2 Arduino Uno
house. If the sensors find unusual activity in the
house, the user will receive the notification in the app
and the owner can get the live monitoring.
 PIR Sensor
Passive Infrared Sensor is an electronics device that
can measure the transmitted infrared light. In PIR
sensor ‘P’ stand for ‘Passive’ that’s mean device does
not emit infrared rays, it only receive infrared rays.
‘I’ stand for ‘Infra’ that tells the ability to detect the
radiation. ’R’ Stand for ‘Red’ because it having high
wavelength. PIR has two slots and each slot is made
of IR sensitive materials. Under normal
circumstances, both slots detect a similar amount of
IR, the precise amount of ambient radiation emitted
from the walls of the room and outside. When there is
any movement of a subject, such as an animal or a
human, it passes the detection area, it first intercepts
the half of the PIR sensor that produces the positive Fig.5 Camera Module
differential change between two halves. When the
subject leaves the detection area, the differential  Flame Detector
change is reversed. This change activates the sensor The flame is caused by heat. Furthermore, these
and returns the value. The value delivered by a PIR sensors can only be used for short-range fire
sensor is digital in nature.[16] detection and can be used as a home security
measure. It is basically an infrared sensor and is very
sensitive to infrared wavelengths between 760nm and
1100nm of light. It can provide both analog and
digital output and the device is accurate within a 1
meter range. [17].

Fig.3 PIR Sensor

 Gas Sensor
A gas sensor is a device that detects the presence or Fig.6 Flame Detector
Concentration of gases in the atmosphere. Depending
On the gas concentration, the sensor produces a  GSM Module
corresponding potential difference as the resistance

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A GSM modem or GSM module is a hardware device low cost and low power system on chip (SOC). It
that uses GSM mobile telephone technology to consists of integrated Wi-Fi and dual mode
provide a data link to a remote network. From the Bluetooth. This is Tensilica Xtensa LX6
view of the mobile phone network, they are microprocessor. It is created and developed by
essentially identical to an ordinary mobile Espressif System and manufactured by TSMC.
phone, including the need for a SIM to identify ESP32 is a single board. It has multiple GPIO for the
themselves to the network .GSM is a mobile interfacing with external I/O devices. It is also used
communication modem; it stands for global in the form of a module like as cam module or Node
system for mobile communication (GSM). The MCU. ESP32 has a frequency of 160-240MHz. It is
idea of GSM was developed at Bell Laboratories basically made up for the wireless connectivity like as
in 1970. It is a widely used mobile Wi-Fi and Bluetooth. It is available in both single and
communication system in the world. GSM is an dual core variation. ESP32 has also built-in analog to
open and digital cellular technology used for digital converter, which is very helpful in interfacing.
transmitting mobile voice and data services The ESP32-CAM is a development board with an
operate at the 850MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, and ESP32-S chip, an OV2640 camera, micro SD card
1900MHz frequency bands. GSM technology slot and several GPIOs to connect peripherals. In this
was developed as a digital system using the guide, we’ll take a look at the ESP32-CAM GPIOs
time division multiple access (TDMA) technique and how to use them.
for communication purposes. A GSM digitizes
and reduces the data, then sends it down
through a channel with two different streams of
client data, each in its own particular time slot.
The digital system has the ability to carry 64
kbps to 120 Mbps of data rates.
There are various cell sizes in a GSM system
such as macro, micro, and umbrella cells. Each
cell varies as per the implementation domain.
There are five different cell sized a GSM
network macro, micro, Pico, and umbrella cells. Fig.8 ESP-32 CAM Module
The coverage area of each cell varies according
to the implementation environment.
The time division multiple access (TDMA) VI RESULT
technique relies on assigning different time slots
The implementation is the process of carrying out,
to each user on the same frequency. It can
easily adapt to data transmission and voice execution, or practice of the method, design or model
communication and can carry 64kbps to according to the specification given by the user
120Mbps of data rate.
requirement. To get main objective of the system,
few testing approaches have been done. System
testing and result are discussed. All tests and result
performed on a system are reported clearly in this
chapter.

 Facial Detection Using ESP-32 CAM Module

The results obtained from the final prototype
Fig.7 GSM Module board could be clearly observed over the Blynk
dashboard. For this the Blynk application was
 ESP-32 CAM Module downloaded and installed into the user’s
The camera is used to get the live update of the home. smartphone and an account was created there by
If the sensors find any unusual activity in the home,
entering the required user credentials. The user
the user will receive the notification in the app and
the owner can get the live monitoring. ESP-32 is a was assigned an authorization token ID over the

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e-mail which was entered in the firmware itself home or office space. The designed home security
before uploading it to the ESP32-CAM. A new system was tested a number of times and successfully
project was created in the graphical-user- control different sensors used in home security.
interface window of the Blynk App by selecting Finally, this home security system can be also
some widgets from its wide library and implemented over Bluetooth, Infrared and WIFI
configured those widgets as per the system connectivity without much change to the design and
hardware and firmware. The ESP32-CAM based yet still be able to control a variety of home
hardware and the Blynk over the smartphone got appliances. Hence, this system is scalable and
connected with the help of Wi-Fi hotspot flexible. To develop a smart home system which can
network. Any interruption detected by the bring safer, comfort and convenient life to user.
proximity sensor triggered the whole process and With integrating the three main function which are
the visitor could be monitored on the Blynk security and monitoring in one system, the smart
project dashboard screen along with an alert home system definitely can bring a safe, comfort and
notification and that too in real-time.[18] convenient life to user. Furthermore, after go through
the process of this project two, there are some issues
 Motion Detection Alert
and challenges arise. The first issues are the proper

When motion sensors find that anyone try to connection of all the wires. Due to the big number

enter your room then it shows that motion of sensors or devices which require wires connection,

detected and send notification over the Blynk all the wires connection become so messy which led

dashboard. to increase the difficulty of troubleshooting.[19]

 Fire and Gas Detection SMS Alert

These sensors detect the concentration of gas and
VIII FUTURE SCOPE
fire and send the SMS alert to the owner phone
through the GSM module. There are some future works can be done by adding
some of the artificial intelligence technique into the
smart home system such as the system can
VII CONCLUSION
automatically deal with the cases happening in the
The ‘THE IOT BASED HOME SECURITY home. For instance, the system can determine the
SYSTEM’ is the effective safety and security system seriousness of some cases such as thieve intrusion by
automatically report to the police station and notify
which is made by the advancement in wireless and
the user. Moreover, the system also can be added
embedded technology. It is completely integrated so with CCTV to strengthen the security part of this
that it is possible to track anytime from anywhere. It project. In this project we have a large scope to
develop and working with this project. We try to
can be concluded that all part of this project has been
listed some tasks which would be added in future
successfully done although still consist of some
 Add a special camera and using
imperfection, but like a quote say that imperfection is
image processing try to find out
perfection to a beautiful perspective. known and unknown face. If detect
known face system can send SMS and
This Home security System is cheaply made from
email with picture and information
low-cost available components and can be used to about this face which is store in
control the sensors and get updated about them to the previous.
user. To develop a smart home system can update the  We can make the web application
more users friendly. Can be added
information get from all the sensor or device to user
voice commands technology
in anytime. This system is easily adjustable at any

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 Adding some safety issues like when [7]. Pooja P, Mitesh P, Vishwa P and Vinit N 2016
gas leakage or smoke found the system Home Automation Using Internet of Things
automatically takes necessary steps to Imperial Journal of Interdisciplinary Research
reduce the losses. (IJIR) 2 648-51

[8]. Anitha A, Paul G and Kumari S 2016 A

Cyber defence using Artificial Intelligence
XI ACKNOWLEDGMENT
International Journal of Pharmacy and
Technology 8 25352-57
We are grateful to Mrs. Arpita Johri Assistant Professor, in
Electronics and Communication Engineering for his
[9]. Anitha A, Kalra S and Shrivastav 2016 A
assistance in this project. We are grateful to our college,
ABES Engineering College, for providing us the opportunity Cyber defence using artificial home automation
to work on this project. Also, we would like to thank system using IoT International Journal of Pharmacy
following mentioned references who have directly or and Technology 8 25358-64
indirectly in our project.
[10]. Ravi Kishore Kodali, Vishal Jain, Suvadeep
Bose and Lakshmi Boppana, "IoT Based Smart
Security and Home Automation System"
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