Information and Communication

Technology

Grade 9
Workbook

Educational Publications Department

First Print 2018
Second Print 2019

All Rights Reserved

ISBN 978-955-25-0174-6

Published by Educational Publications Department

Printed by Savinda Graphic Systems (Pvt) Ltd, No. 145 UDA Industrial Estate,
Katuwana Road, Homagama.

ii
 The National Anthem of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka Matha

Apa Sri Lanka Namo Namo Namo Namo Matha
Sundara siri barinee, surendi athi sobamana Lanka
Dhanya dhanaya neka mal palaturu piri jaya bhoomiya ramya
Apa hata sepa siri setha sadana jeewanaye matha
Piliganu mena apa bhakthi pooja Namo Namo Matha
Apa Sri Lanka Namo Namo Namo Namo Matha
Oba we apa vidya
Obamaya apa sathya
Oba we apa shakthi
Apa hada thula bhakthi
Oba apa aloke
Apage anuprane
Oba apa jeevana we
Apa mukthiya oba we
Nava jeevana demine, nithina apa pubudukaran matha
Gnana veerya vadawamina regena yanu mana jaya bhoomi kara
Eka mavakage daru kela bevina
Yamu yamu vee nopama
Prema vada sema bheda durerada
Namo, Namo Matha
Apa Sri Lanka Namo Namo Namo Namo Matha

iii
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iv
v
 Foreword

The educational objectives of the contemporary world are becoming more complex along
with the economic, social, cultural and technological development. The learning and teaching
process too is changing in relation to human experiences, technological differences, research
and new indices. Therefore, it is required to produce the textbook by including subject related
information according to the objectives in the syllabus in order to maintain the teaching
process by organizing learning experiences that suit to the learner needs. The textbook is not
merely a learning tool for the learner. It is a blessing that contributes to obtain a higher
education along with a development of conduct and attitudes, to develop values and to obtain
learning experiences.

The government in its realization of the concept of free education has offered you all the
textbooks from grades 1-11. I would like to remind you that you should make the maximum
use of these textbooks and protect them well. I sincerely hope that this textbook would assist
you to obtain the expertise to become a virtuous citizen with a complete personality who
would be a valuable asset to the country.

I would like to bestow my sincere thanks on the members of the editorial and writer boards as
well as on the staff of the Educational Publications Department who have strived to offer this
textbook to you.

W. M. Jayantha Wickramanayaka,
Commissioner General of Educational Publications,
Educational Publications Department,
Isurupaya,
Battaramulla.
2019.04.10

vi
Monitoring and Supervision
W. M. Jayantha Wickramanayaka Commissioner General of Educational Publications
Educational Publications Department
Direction
W. A. Nirmala Piyaseeli Commissioner of Educational Publications (Development)
Educational Publications Department
Co-ordination
Dakshina Kasturiarachchi Assistant Commissioner
Educational Publications Department
Panel of Editors
Dr. Prasad Wimalaratne Head, Department of Communication and Media
Technologies, University of Colombo School of Computing,
Colombo 7.
Dr. H. L. Premaratne Senior Lecturer, University of Colombo School of Computing,
Colombo 7.
Dr. P. M. T. B. Sandirigama Senior Lecturer, Department of Computer Engineering,
Faculty of Engineering, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya.
S. A. S. Lorensuhewa Head, Department of Information and Communication
Technology,
Senior Lecturer, Department of Computer Science,
University of Ruhuna, Matara.
K. P. M. K. Silva Lecturer, University of Colombo School of Computing,
Colombo 7.
Dakshina Kasturiarachchi Assistant Commissioner, Educational Publications Department

Panel of Writers
A. Sunil Samaraweera In-Service-Adviser (ICT), Zonal Computer Resource Centre,
Kegalle.
I. R. N. H. Karunaratne Manager, Zonal Computer Resource Centre, President’s
College, Maharagama.
K. V. S. M. Mohanlal Adviser, Zonal Computer Resource Centre, Deniyaya Madya
Maha Vidyalaya, Deniyaya.
W. M. A. S. Wijesekara (retired) Manager, Zonal Computer Resource Centre, Haliela.
T. K. Palliyaguruge Adviser, Zonal Computer Resource Centre, WP/Jaya/ Sri
Yashodara Maha Vidyalaya, Pittugala, Malambe.
P. J. K. Kahagalle Adviser, Zonal Computer Resource Centre, Sri Rahula Balika
Vidyalaya, Malambe.
V. Goonetilleke (retired) Lecturer, Sri Lanka Institute of Information Technology,
Malambe

Language Editing
Ranjith Iluppitiya Director, National Book Development Council of Sri Lanka,
Ministry of Education
Cover Page
Chaminda Hapuarachchi Educational Publications Department

Technical Assistance
Thinoli Shenesha Kothalawala Educational Publications Department
P. A. D. Nisansala Sandamali Educational Publications Department
vii
 We are grateful if you can send us your comments to
feedbackicttextbook@gmail.com regarding the contents of this
series of books on Information and Communication Technology
and your suggestions to develop the creativity of students.
Board of Editors

viii
 Index

1 Preparation of Computer Specifications 1

2 Electronic Spreadsheets 10

3 Programming 26

4 Use of Microcontrollers 30

5 Computer Networks 39

6 ICT and Society 53

ix
x
1 Preparation of Computer
Specifications

Activity 1.1

Select the most suitable expression from the list of expressions given, to fill
the blanks.

List of expressions
1 Server computer 4 Laptop computer
2 Desktop computer 5 Mobile smart phone
3 All-in-one computer 6 Tablet computer

a). The ................................ can be used in a single location such as home or

office.
b). The ................................ is dedicated to provide respective services in a
network.
c). The ................................ has a comparatively large screen and can be
taken from place to place
d). Mobile computers, the student can use for ................................ and surfing
Internet reading, storing information, refer electronic dictionaries are
(i) ............................... and (ii) ................................
e). The ................................ cannot be taken from place to place, use least
space and have several peripheral devices connected to the monitor.

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Activity 1.2

Name the peripheral devices in the image below. Use the number for the
expressions given in the list.

1 Monitor 4 Head phone 7 Mouse

2 Printer 5 Scanner 8 Web camera
3 Keyboard 6 Speaker

Activity 1.3

Right click on the "This PC" icon and select "Properties" to check
the specifications of the processor.

Manufacturer - (Intel)
CPU type - (Core i5)
Main memory
CPU speed - (2.2 GHz)
4 GB

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Examine the processor of a few computers and complete the table given
below.

Name of manufacturer Type of processor Speed (in units)

Activity 1.4

Calculate the capacity of the hard disk. To check the hard disk capacity,
double click on the icon ‘This PC’. Hard disk is shown as "Local Disk" under
"Devices and Drives". Sometimes local disk is divided into two as local disk
C: and local disk D:. The capacity for both are taken together to calculate the
hard disk capacity.

Compare the hard disk capacity of several computers.

Activity 1.5

Examine the capacity of the Random Access Memory (RAM) in a few

computers and compare them.

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Activity 1.6

Study the specifications given in the following table. Answer the questions that
follow.
Central Processing Unit Intel® Core™ i7 3.70 GHz
Random Access Memory 4 GB
Hard disk capacity 2 TB
Computer screen 18.5"
Computer system Windows 10
Guarantee period 3 years
Price Rs 75000.00

1. State 3 technical specifications of the computer.

2. Give 2 non-technical specifications when buying a computer.
3. Give the speed of the processor.
4. State the type of the processor.
5. Find the capacity of the main memory.
6. Give the capacity of the hard disk.
7. State the size of the screen.
8. Compare the technical specifications given above with those of some
other computer in your school or in another place.

Activity 1.7

By considering the important points in buying a computer, fill in the blanks in

the statements given below by selecting the relevant term from the given list.

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 1. The speed of the processor is given in ................................
2. It is better to select a monitor ................................ in size and consumes
................................ electricity.
3. The capacity of a main memory is given in ................................
With an extended period of warranty, the cost of a computer
................................
4. The capacity of a hard disk is measured in ................................
5. The capacity of main memory is ................................ than the capacity
of a hard disk.

List of expressions
(less, GB, large, GHz, Terra Byte (TB), less, goes up)

Activity 1.8

Given below are technical specifications about two computers A and B.

Compare them and answer the questions that follow.

Specifications Computer A Computer B

Processor Intel Core i3 2.40 GHz AMD ® Core 2.0 GHz
® ™

Main memory capacity 4 GB 2 GB

Hard disk capacity 1 TB 500 GB
Size and type of monitor 19.5" LED 17 " CRT
Operating system Windows 10 Ubuntu
Period of warranty 1 Year 3 Years
Price Rs. 65000.00 Rs. 58000.00

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 1. Who is the manufacturer of the processor in the computer B?
2. Which computer has a main memory with a higher capacity?
3. Which computer has the larger screen?
4. Which computer has a hard disk with a lesser storage capacity?
5. Give three possible reasons for computer A to cost more.
6. State two non-technical specifications.

Activity 1.9

Classify the peripherals that can be connected to the USB port as input,
output and storage.

Input devices Output devices Storage devices

Activity 1.10

Refer Figure 1.19 in textbook to find answers to the following questions.

a. List out technical specifications other than those mentioned.

b. List out other non-technical specifications than the ones mentioned.

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Activity 1.11

1. In order to prepare specifications for a computer you wish to purchase,

complete the given table on the next page using the relevant data from the
following table.

Device Type Speed Price

Processor
2.4 GHz 4000.00

3.2 GHz 6000.00

1.8 GHz 8000.00

2.4 GHz 10000.00

1.6 GHz 12000.00

2.2 GHz 14000.00

Hard disk HDD
500 GB 3000.00

1 TB 5000.00

SSD
120 GB 4000.00

240 GB 6000.00

Monitor 17'' 15000.00

19'' 17000.00

21'' 20000.00

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Memory 512 MB 2000.00
1 GB 3000.00
4 GB 6000.00
Video Onboard VGA No extra cost
Graphic
Adapter DIV No extra cost
(VGA)
HDMI No extra cost
Separate VGA 1000.00
DIV with
1500.00
VGA
HDMI with
2000.00
VGA and DVI
Sound card Onboard
No extra cost

Separate
800.00

Item Specifications Price

Processor
Capacity of main memory
Hard disk capacity
Size of monitor
Video Graphic Adapter
Sound card
Warranty
Total

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2. Fill in the table below with the lowest values.

Peripheral unit Specifications Price

Processor
Main memory capacity
Hard disk capacity
Size of monitor
Video Graphic Adapter Separate
Sound card Separate
Warranty 1 year
Total

3. Compare the given technical specifications for 2 computers A and B with

the requirements. Select the better computer for purchase.

Item Required Computer - A Computer - B

specification
Processor Quad Core 1.6 Dual Core 2.8 Quad Core 1.8
GHz GHz GHz
Main memory capacity 4 GB 2 GB 4 GB
Hard disk capacity 2 TB 1 TB 2 TB
Size of monitor 19” 21” 19”
Audio/video adapter separate onboard separate
Sound card separate separate onboard
Computer system Windows 8 DOS Windows 10
Guarantee 3 Years 2 Years 3 Years

4. With the assistance from your teacher, find the market price of the
components for the computer you have selected above. Hence calculate
the total price of the computer.

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 2 Electronic Spreadsheets

Open the spreadsheet software installed in your computer. Get to know a

few tools on the Graphical User Interface.

Menu bar

Text Formatting Alignment and Positioning

Tools Tools

Sheets

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Activity 2.1

Let us work on spreadsheet

When a spreadsheet software is opened, a worksheet appears.

1. To open a new worksheet, click on 'New sheet'

2. To give a different name for the worksheet:

² Take mouse to and right click on it.
² Select re-name. Type name and press 'Enter'.
3. To remove worksheet:
² Right click mouse on name of worksheet. Select 'Delete'.

Activity 2.2

Enter data into worksheet

A children’s society decided to collect funds to purchase sports items for its
students. They issued cards to fill boxes for the purpose.
The details about the money collected during the weekend, money collected
by each student, the balance after deducting Rs. 50 /= at the printing cost are
entered to a worksheet. The worksheet is shown in the following page.

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 A B C D E F G
1 No Name Saturday Sunday Total PrinƟng Balance
2 1 Sugath Rs 250.00 Rs 340.00 Rs 590.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 540.00
3 2 Neela Rs 450.00 Rs 423.00 Rs 873.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 823.00
4 3 Prabath Rs 300.00 Rs 567.00 Rs 867.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 817.00
5 4 Mahesh Rs 200.00 Rs 345.00 Rs 545.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 495.00
6 5 Shereen Rs 290.00 Rs 234.00 Rs 524.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 474.00
7 6 Kaveesha Rs 500.00 Rs 100.00 Rs 600.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 550.00
8 7 Lankesh Rs 650.00 Rs 77.00 Rs 727.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 677.00
9 8 Jagath Rs 350.00 Rs 45.00 Rs 395.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 345.00
10 9 Suresh Rs 200.00 Rs 123.00 Rs 323.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 273.00
11 10 Sagarika Rs 150.00 Rs 432.00 Rs 582.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 532.00
12 11 Menaka Rs 130.00 Rs 234.00 Rs 364.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 314.00
13 12 Gayan Rs 455.00 Rs 265.00 Rs 720.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 670.00
14 13 Pabath Rs 230.00 Rs 324.00 Rs 554.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 504.00
15 14 Hemash Rs 160.00 Rs 245.00 Rs 405.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 355.00
16 15 Kanthi Rs 150.00 Rs 320.00 Rs 470.00 Rs 50.00 Rs 420.00

Let us create the spreadsheet shown above:

Step 1 - On Sheet 1, type the titles as No, Name, Saturday and Sunday
and other relevant information.

Step 2 - Change the name of the worksheet as “Weekend Collection”.

Step 3 - Save worksheet in your computer.

Let us save the file

² Select File → Save.

² From ‘Save in’, select a suitable location.
² Type a suitable file name as ''Collection''.
² Click "Save" button.
At the end of each action, save the document.

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Activity 2.3

Find total collection during the weekend from each child

² In spreadsheets, formulas are used in calculations.

² ''='' Symbol is used before any formula.
² In a formula, cell name (instead of cell contents) is used.
² Symbols such as +, -, *, / on keyboard are used in calculations
between cells.
² The result is displayed by clicking the 'Enter' key after each
formula.

Step 1 - In cell E1, type “Total”

Step 2 - Click E2 cell, which is in front of the name of the first student.

Step 3 - Type the formula below in the cell and click 'Enter'.

=C2+D2

The formula used to obtain the first result can be copied accordingly in order
to obtain the total for other students:

Method 1

Step 1 - Click the cell with the total already obtained.

Step 2 - Move the mouse pointer to the right hand side corner at the
bottom of the square. A small cross known as 'Fill handle' will
be displayed now.

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 Fill handle

Step 3 - Click the mouse on the ‘File Handle’. Keeping the mouse
clicked drag to E 16; the last student and release.

Step 4 - Then the total of each student will be obtained separately.

Method 2

Step 1 - Click on cell with first total.

Step 2 - Click 'Home' → 'Copy' in the menu.

Step 3 - Keeping mouse clicked, select cell range for totals.

Step 4 - Click 'Home' → 'Paste' on menu.

Step 5 - The total for each student appears.

Step 6 - Once complete, save the document.

Activity 2.4

Find balance after deducting Rs 50/= from each

student

Step 1 - In cell F1, type “Printing”. In cell G1, type

“Balance”. In column F, the cell after “Printing”
type 50. Use “Fill Handle” and cover the rest of
the list.

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Step 2 - Click mouse on cell G2. Type the formula given below and
press Enter.

=E2-F2

Step 3 - To find the balance for other students, use “Fill Handle” or
'Copy → Paste'
Save the file after each activity.

Activity 2.5

Let us format the worksheet

Some formatting have been done to the above document. They are as follows;

1. There is a border around the cells.

² Select cell range to add border by clicking the mouse (A1:A16).
² In menu, under 'Home' ribbon, click on Boarders and select
all borders.

2. The cells are coloured to make them clearer.

² Use the mouse to select the cell range to add colours.
² In Menu, under 'Home', Click on 'Fill color' to select suitable
colours.

3. Boldface headings.
² Select the headings. In Menu, under 'Home', Click on .

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4. Date and Information in the cells are aligned.
² To align, select cell range for alignment using the mouse.
² In Menu, under 'Home', Click on the tools for alignment.

5. Use the number format to show the data as currency unit.

² Select the cell range for number formatting using the mouse.
² In Menu, under 'Home', click on the tool
and select 'Currency'.
² At the end of each action, save the document.

Note - If the currency unit is not in 'Rupees, follow the steps given
below;
Control panel → 'Region' → 'Formats' → 'Additional settings' →
'Currency'. Change the Currency symbol in the currency ribbon to Rs. and
select 'Apply' and then 'Ok'

Create a new worksheet

Obtain a new worksheet and create the following document. Use formula for
calculations. Do the necessary formatting.

² File → New → Blank Workbook → Create

A B C D E F G H I J K
1
2 Item No Item Stock Sold Balance Replacement 1 Total Packeted No of Packs Packets per week Grand total
3 1 Pencils 80 23 57 100 157 10 15.7 7 109.9
4 2 Pens 45 43 2 150 152 10 15.2 7 106.4
5 3 Erases 45 23 22 300 322 10 32.2 7 225.4
6 4 Books 34 43 -9 200 191 10 19.1 7 133.7
7 5 Bags 67 23 44 50 94 10 9.4 7 65.8
8 6 Colours 87 54 33 300 333 10 33.3 7 233.1
9 7 Bo les 67 23 44 250 294 10 29.4 7 205.8
10 8 Boxes 54 64 -10 200 190 10 19 7 133
11 9 Toffees 78 43 35 300 335 10 33.5 7 234.5
12 10 Baloon 90 56 34 400 434 10 43.4 7 303.8
13

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Formula for calculations
à Balance = Stock - Sold
=C3-D3
à Total = Balance+Replacement1
=E3+F3
à No. of packets = Total/Packeted
=G3/H3
à Grand Total = Number of Packets * Packets per week
=I3*J3
Tools for formatting ;
1. Boldface
2. Alignment
3. Adding colours to cell range
4. Using borders
5. Inserting a row above the worksheet. Data and information are center
aligned.

Inserting row/column and merge and center

1. Click the right mouse button on column/row. Click 'Insert' → 'Enter row'.
2. In the new raw obtained on the top, type the text you want and click
'Merge and Center'.

This tool enables merge two or more cells and center align the entered data.

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Activity 2.6

Let us create a mark sheet

A B C D E F G H I J
1

2
3 1 Kasun 56 45 24 78 89 292 58.4
4 2 Seetha ab 45 ab 98 87 230 76.667
5 3 Kanthi ab ab 78 59 87 224 74.667
6 4 Gayani 89 76 76 76 76 393 78.6
7 5 Deepal 78 77 67 96 ab 318 79.5
8 6 Naseem 67 ab ab 56 69 192 64
9 7 Thanuka 56 45 24 78 89 292 58.4
10 8 Bimalka ab 67 23 56 ab 146 48.667
11 9 Thiwanga 54 65 78 65 ab 262 65.5
12 10 Pradeepa 56 45 24 78 ab 203 50.75
13
14 Maximum Marks 89 77 78 98 89
15 Minimum Marks 54 45 23 56 69
16 No of Present Students 7 8 8 10 6
17 No of Students in class 10 10 10 10 10
18
Tools for formatting;
1. Boldface letters and numbers
2. Alignment
3. Add colours to cell ranges
4. Adding boarders
5. Inserting a row on the top of the worksheet, centre aligning and merging
data in a cell range
6. Orientation - changing direction of letters

Orientation - changing direction of letters

Step 1 - Before orientation, space between columns and rows need
increasing.
To increase the space drag mouse as shown, among column and rows. If it is a
column, drag the clicked mouse to right. If it is a row, drag the clicked mouse
down.
18 For free distribution
 A
1
A B C
2
1
3
4

Step 2 - Select cells to be changed orientation. Click on arrow for

orientation icon. Select required direction.
Step 3 - Change the name of the worksheet to “Mark Sheet”.
(Sheet 1 → Mark Sheet)
Step 4 - Save the created workbook as ''First term marks - 1'' and close
the workbook.

Activity 2.7

Using functions
To calculate the values in a range of cells, functions are used. After the ''=''
symbol, to begin a formula, the function is included. Then the cell range is
included within brackets. To indicate that it is a cell range, the names of the
first cell and the last cell are written within and the symbol '':''.

Let us identify a few such functions;

To calculate the total sum in a cell range

= sum(first cell:last cell).

To find the average in a cell range,

= average(first cell:last cell).

To count the cells with numbers only

= count(first cell:last cell).

To count cells with data in a cell range, use

= counta(first cell:last cell).

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Let us use the relevant functions in the worksheet created above.
Open “Mark Sheet 1” that you created and saved earlier.

² File → Open → First term marks - 1 → Open

Use the following functions, complete the Mark sheet 1.

=sum(C3:G3)
=average(C3:G3)
=max(C3:C12)
=min(C3:C12)
=count(C3:C12)
=counta(C3:C12)

Saving presaved file in a different name

² Select 'File' → 'Save as'

² Select a saving location from 'Save in'.
² In front of file name, type a suitable name ''First term mark - 2''
² Click 'Save' button.

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Activity 2.8

Sorting

Sorting data according to total marks obtained

Sorting data in the alphabetical order (A…..Z) / (Z ….A)

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Data can be sorted according to our requirements. First, the cell range needs
selecting. Select all cells in range leaving out only the cells with the titles.

Next, click 'Sort Filter' in the 'Home' menu.

Select 'sort A to Z' or 'sort Z to A'.

Activity 2.9

Step 1 - Open the document “Collection” created in Activity 2.2.

Using the information in this document, select the required cell range to
create graphs.

22 For free distribution

 Graph 1

Weekend collection of each child is shown in a column graph.

Create column graph

Step 1 - Select the cell range by clicking the mouse on B2:D16.

Step 2 - Click on in Insert ribbon.

Step 3 - Select a suitable graphs from the list and click on it.

Graphs are always created on the worksheet in which the relevant information
is available. Therefore, the graphs have to be taken to “Chart Sheets”. Follow
the steps given below for that;.

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Step 1 - Click on graph created in the worksheet.

Step 2 - Click on ''Move Chart Location'' in the 'Design' ribbon

Step 3 - In the Move Chart dialogue box,

click New Sheet → OK.

Step 4 - To add a title to the graph.

In the ‘Design’ ribbon use 'Quick Layout'.

Step 5 - Select 'Change colours' to add colours to the graph.

Graph 2

The graph bellow shows the collection of each child as a percentage in a Pie
chart.

24 For free distribution

 Let us create a pie chart

The cell range for pie chart is the cell range of names (B2:B16) and the total
(E2:E16). These cell ranges are not adjoining. Let us select the cell ranges
first.
Step 1 - Select cell range (B2:B16) with the names of the children.
Step 2 - Pressing the ctrl key on keyboard, select the cell range for
totals (E2:E16)
Step 3 - Click on Pie chart tool in the Insert ribbon.
Step 4 - Select a suitable graph form the list and click on it.
Step 5 - Take graph to another graph sheet.
Step 6 - Do the necessary formatting. Save the document and close it.

Activity 2.10

Create graphs using other information in the table.

Note well : Before crating graphs using information in

First term marks 2 enter marks for absent students as
well.

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3 l%uProgramming
f,aL ixj¾Okh

Activity 3.1

By referring to the flowchart, indicate whether the given statements are 'true'
or 'false'.

a) Condition 1 in the flowchart is Start

executed first. (True/ False)
Instruction 1
b) Instruction 1 does not execute
under any condition. No
Condition 1 Instruction 2
(True/ False)
Yes
c) Condition 1 is executed after
Condition 2 Instruction 3
Instruction 1. (True/ False)
Yes
d) Execution of Instruction 3 Instruction 4
depends only on condition 2.
(True/ False)
End

e) For Instruction 4 to be executed, both condition 1 and condition 2 must be

true. (True/ False)

f) Whatever the outcomes of the conditions may be, Instruction 1 and one
another instruction will be executed. (True/ False)

As mentioned in the Information and Communication Technology, Grade 7

Reading book, download the scratch software from http://www.scratch.mit.du

26 For free distribution

Activity 3.2

Consider that, a school has four houses namely Metta, Karuna, Muditha and
Upeksha. A flowchart to assign students to their houses is given below. Houses
are assigned based on the remainder after dividing the admission number by
4.

Remainder House Here, the remainder is

0 Metta obtained by dividing the
Admission No. by 4.
1 Karuna
2 Muditha e.g. - Admission No. = 342
3 Upeksha 85
4 342
32
Begin 22
20
Get Admission No 2
342 MOD 4 = 2
Remainder = Admission No MOD 4 Student is assigned to
Muditha House.
Yes
Remainder = 0? Show ''Metta''

No
Yes
Remainder = 1? Show ''Karuna''

No
Yes
Remainder = 2? Show ''Muditha''

No
Show ''Upeksha''

Yes Any more

students?
No
End

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Answer the following questions.
1. A number that cannot exists as a remainder
1) 0 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
2. A suitable remainder for a student assigned to Upeksha House is:
1) 3 2) 2 3) 1 4) 0
3. How many conditions are there in this flowchart?
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
The Scratch program to divide all students in the school into houses is shown
below. Connect with arrows the instructions relevant for blank spaces.

Activity 3.3

Develop a Scratch program to divide the students in your school into houses.

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Activity 3.4

1. Develop a program with an array to enter 5 subjects learnt in Grade 9.

2. Construct a suitable program based on an array to output seven days of the
week. Name the Array as “day”.
3. Find answers based on the array called “color” shown below.

4. How many times the above program is repeated when it is executed?

5. How many colors can be assigned to the array “color”?
6. Select the suitable statements and match them with the instructions given
below.

a) To delete all the items in the array.

b) Number of items in the array

c) The first item in the array

d) Entering items into the array.

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4 Use of Microcontrollers

Activity 4.1

Make a list of equipment in everyday use that can collect data from sensors
and controlled by a microcontroller.
e.g. -
² Device to detect people or animals entering to a farm secretly
² Device to detect elephants entering to villages

Activity 4.2

Make a list of advantages of using microcontrollers.

Activity 4.3

Connect the micro:bit module to the computer and use the Block Editor to
code the following items using block.
When a new project is obtained, the following two blocks are displayed.

Get ‘show string’ from 'Basic' and connect it to ‘on start’ and change it to Sri
Lanka.

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Get ‘pause’ from 'Basic'. Connect it to ‘show string’ and change it to 2000.

Get ‘show number’ from 'Basic'. Connect it to 'pause' and change it to 1.

Get ‘show icon’ from 'Basic'. Connect it to ‘forever’ and change to the symbol
'√ '

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Download the codes to the computer arranged above, install them in the
micro:bit module and observe the objects.
Experiment 2 - Connect to the micro:bit module and use the micro:bit Block
Editor to do the coding using the blocks.
Get ‘show string’ into ‘on start’. Change to temperature and compass.

Get ‘on button A pressed’ in the Input menu and include the Bloke ‘show
number’.

Get ‘Temperature’ from the Input menu into ‘show number’.

Get ‘on button A pressed’ from the Input menu and change at as B. Get ‘show
number’ into it. Next, get ‘compass heading’ from the Input menu and include
it in ‘show number’.

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Get ‘on button A pressed’ from the Input Menu and change it to A+B. Include
'clear screen' into it by getting from Basic Menu.

The arrangement is as shown below;

Download the above coding. Install in micro:bit module. Observe the output
by pressing the buttons A and B separately and both buttons together.

Activity 4.4

Entering data into microcontroller chip in Arduino Board

The Arduino board must be connected to the computer as shown. Enter

the programs constructed using the Arduino programming language into the
microcontroller chip of the Arduino board.

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Arduino Programming Language is an Open Source software and the user is
allowed to modify the program decoding to his/her requirements.

The cable connecting the Arduino Board to the computer has USB at
one end and miniUSB at the other. The USB is connected to the computer and
the miniUSB is connected to the Arduino Board.

Software used to program the microcontroller chip in the

Arduino Yuno Board

The software known as Arduino is used for the purpose. It can be

downloaded from the website www.arduino.cc when it is installed in the
computer it can be seen as given below.

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The Arduino Yuno board can be connected to the computer using a USB
cable and the codes constracted using the Arduino software can be uploaded
to the microcontroller chip in the Arduino Yuno board. Then the outputs are
produced through the pins in the board according to the codes.

Activity 4.5

Connect the Arduino Board with the peripherals as shown.

Step 1 - Connect the LED bulb

LED bulb is connected to the GND and the 13th pin.

USB port connecting to

computer

Step 2 - Connect the PIR sensor as shown in the image below;

GND
VCC (+5V)
OUT

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In PIR is a sensor,

² GND pin connected to the GND port in power section.

² OUT pin is connected to the 9th pin of the Digital Section.
² VCC pin is connected to VCC in the power section.
Contract the cording given below in the Arduino software, upload and observe.

void setup(){
pinMode(8,INPUT);
pinMode(13,OUTPUT);
}
void loop(){
Int val=digitalRead(8);

If(val= =1){
digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
}
else{
digitalWrite(13, LOW);
}
}

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Activity 4.6

Connect the Arduino Board with the ultrasound wave sensor as shown below;

In this ultrasound wave sensors,

² GND pin in the Board is connected to the GND port in the power section.
² TRIGGER pin in the Board is connected to the 2nd pin of the Digital
section.
² ECHO pin in the Board is connected to the 4th pin of the in Digital section.
² VCC pin in the Board is connected to the 5V port.
² The LED bulb is connected to the GND port and the 13th pin.

Connect the Board to the computer. Do the coding shown. Upload the code to
the Board and study the procedure.

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 void setup(){
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(13,OUTPUT);
pinMode(2,OUTPUT);
pinMode(4,INPUT);
}

void loop(){
long duration, distance;
digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(100);
digitalWrite(2,LOW);
duration=pulseIn(4,HIGH);
distance=(duration/2)/29;
delay(10);
if((distance<=10))
{

digitalWrite(13,HIGH);
}
else if(distance>10)
{

digitalWrite(13,LOW);
}

Distance = (duration/2 )/29

The distance between the obstacle and the sensor is shown in centimeters.

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5 Computer Networks

Activity 5.1

Identifying the main components in the school’s network

1. With the assistance from your teacher, inspect the computers in the
computer laboratory and identify those that are networked and the devices
and how they are connected.

2. Complete the table below with information collected about the computers
and the devices in the computer laboratory.

Available or
not Wired or Function
Hardware Numbers
Wireless (briefly)
Have Haven't
Computers
Server
computers
Switches
Routers
Printers
Scanners
Multimedia
projectors
Other

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Activity 5.2

Given below is a block diagram of a computer network showing how the

computer and the devices are connected.

The table below indicates the details of the connected hardware;

Devices connected Code

A few computers C1, C2, C3…
Switch S
Router R
Printer P
Internet I
Server SVR
'
Identify the hardware to match the code given. Indicate the correct code of the
hardware in the diagram above.

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Activity 5.3

Select the most suitable word from those in the box to fill the blanks in the
statements 1 - 10 given below.

server, wired, network, networking system, fiber optics, cables, Internet,

computer network, communication, resources, social networks, wireless,
Wi-Fi, instant messaging

1. Inter-connection between and among people or a number of systems is

identified as a ................................

2. Connecting together two or more computers and peripherals is identified

as a ................................

3. The main aim of networking computer is for communication to share

................................

4. A benefit in computer networking is the facility to use the

................................
5. There are two types of media to connect computers. They are:
................................ and ................................ connections.

6. Wireless computers use the ................................ technology.

7. ................................ enables communication among users in a network.

8. The ................................ enables connect printers, files and software for

sharing purposes.

9. Modern day computers also have built-in facilities for .............................

10. ................................ are used to connect computers for networking.

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Activity 5.4

Select from B, the most suitable expression to match each expression in A.

Write the number of the matching expression in the blank alongside B.

A B
1. RJ45 switch ''''''''''''''''
2. Main objective of
twisted pair cable ''''''''''''''''
computer networking
Ability to store
3. Command Line important information
''''''''''''''''
Interface in a folder in the
Internet
4. Allows for direct and
connecting one
efficient communication
computer network to
between the computers ''''''''''''''''
another network or to
in the network and other
the Internet
peripherals
5. Bluetooth network ''''''''''''''''

6. The computer that port used to connected

provide the central cables in wired ''''''''''''''''
access to resources networking
7. Is used as a medium in
communication ''''''''''''''''
computer networking
used to send messages
8. Router ''''''''''''''''
in the network
9. Is a benefit of
server ''''''''''''''''
networking computers
10. An interconnected used for wireless
group of people, items connection between ''''''''''''''''
or a systems computer devices

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Activity 5.5

Sharing file folder

² Consider an instance of sharing pictures, lessons, photographs, songs,

video clips and the like among friends.
² To make this activity easy, let us first create folder named “Students Files’’
in the C drive of the hard disk.
(You may select a name of your choice for the file).
² Copy into this folder, all pictures, photographs, songs, video clips and
other files for sharing purposes.

Note well : Login to the computer using an

Administrator Account. The states of your account
may not allow you for certain settings.
Therefore, your teacher will demonstrate this activity. The
Operating system used for this activity is Windows 10.

² Now, let us set the “Students Files” for sharing in the network.
² Follow the given procedure to change settings in the operating system.

Step 1 - Open ‘Control Panel’. Click “Network Sharing Centre”.

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Step 2 - Click ‘Change advanced sharing settings’.

Step 3 - Select options from those given to share files and printer.

Step 4 - Select C Drive in your computer. Follow the given procedure to

select “Students Files” in it.

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 6

Step 5 - Right click on ‘Students Files’ in C drive and click ‘Properties’.

Step 6 - Click the button ‘Share’ in ‘sharing’.

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 10

11

Step 7 - From the list select ‘everyone’. Click ‘Share’.

12

13
Step 8 - Click ’Done’ in the dialogue box that appears.

14

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² You have completed the process to share files in ‘Students Files’.
Everyone in the network is now able to share all files in the file folder
“Students Files’’.

² This process facilitates sharing any file in a file folder. A user in the
network can also copy files into this folder

Activity 5.6

Sharing printer

² By sharing a printer allows any user in the network to send files from his/
her computer to the printer for printing. However, the printer has to be
configured for the purpose.
² The same first three steps in the above process need to be followed in this
process which is not mentioned here again.
² A further few steps have to be followed. They are given below:

Note well : Login has to be with an Administrator

Account. You teacher will help you with the process.

² Set the printer for common use among users in the network.

Step 1 - Go to Control Panel, select ‘Devices and Printers’ and click on it.

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Step 2 - Select the printer connected to the network among the devices
shown. In the menu you get, click ‘Printer Properties’.

Step 3 - Click ‘Sharing’ in dialogue box you get.

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Step 4 - Select ‘Share this printer’ in dialogue box. Press 'OK' button.

This completes the process to access the printer in the network. Everyone in
the network can now share the printer for printing.

Activity 5.7

Communication through computer networks

² A user in a computer network can communicate with another user in the

same network and any user can also receive a message from any another
user in the network. In this, sending messages using the Connect Line
Interface (CLI) is used.

² Consider sending the message ‘Hello, how are you?’ to other users in the
network, using the CLI in Windows 10.

² Let us send the message, ‘‘Hello! How are you?” to a Friend logged in as
student 1. Follow the process given below;

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Step 1 - First, get the Command Line Interface on your computer. Follow
the procedure given below to get Command Line Interface. Click
‘Start’ button. On ''Windows Systems'', right click it in the menu
you get. Click ‘Run’.

Step 2 - In the dialogue box received, type “cmd” in front of “Open”. Click
'OK' button.

You will receive the Command Line Interface.

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Type ‘msg’ command on Command line Interface. Type user name to collect
the message. Type the message and press 'Enter'. The message will be sent
to the user. The steps given below shows the process to send and receive
messages.
Remember to give correct user name and correct “msg” message. Let us try
sending a message.

² Assume that the message is, “Hello, how are you?” and the user name of
the receiver is 'student 1'.
² The system of using the msg command is msg user name message
Therefore, in the command line, you need to type ‘msg student 1 hello
how are you?’
² The command, user name and message require spaces in between.

Step 3 - On the Command Line, type ‘msg student 1 Hello, how are you?’
and press 'Enter'.

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Your message appears on Student 1’s computer screen as follows:

Activity 5.8

Sending a message to all users in the network system

Let us learn how to send the message, ‘Hello, how are you?’ to all users in the
network system.

² The same msg command is used in this case.

² In the previous activity you used the user name of receiver student 1 after
msg command.
² However in here, instead of one user, * mark for 'all' is used.
² Therefore, the command you need to type is msg * Hello, how are you?
² Type correctly on the Command Interface and press Enter.
² All users of the network will receive the message. Use this command to
send different messages.

Note: The activities were all with Windows 10 system. If you are
using Windows 7 or those before it, type ‘net send’ command
instead of ‘msg’ command.

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6 ICT and Society

Activity 6.1

² Work in groups.
à Make lists to show the use of computers and Information
Communication Technologies and their services in your school. Share
the information you obtained with other groups.
à Given below are a few machines use to diagnose illnesses. Find the
instances they are used and label accordingly.

Machine Use

Blood pressure testing machine

ECG - Electrocardiogram machine

CAT

Internal examination of brain using

Electro Magnetic Rays EEG

Blood sugar teasing machine

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Look around. Find other equipment using Information Communication
Technologies. Make lists. Compare lists with others.

Activity 6.2

What steps can be taken to minimize the digital divide in the society?

Activity 6.3

Complete the table below about places in the country that collect e-waste.
Collect information from books by talking to elders, or by collecting
information using the Internet services.

Organization Address Telephone No.

1
2
3
4
5

Activity 6.4

List out e-waste that can be reused.

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Activity 6.5

Write True/ False in front of each statement.

1 All e-waste cannot be reused.
2 E-waste pollutes our environment.
We are not responsible for the damage caused to the
3
environment from e-waste.
To keep surroundings clean, e-waste can be taken dumped
4
in garbage collecting centers.
5 E-waste can be used to create ornaments.

Activity 6.6

Read newspapers to find available opportunities for Information

Communication Technology related careers. Complete the following Table
using the collected information.

Career Organizations Required Role

providing career qualifications
1
2
3
4
5

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Activity 6.7

Find suitable expressions from “Computer related careers” lesson in the

textbook to complete the blanks in the text below.

An entrepreneur, anxious to use information communication technology

for business purposes consulted ............................... to gather information
on the subject. ................................ created software required for
the business process. Quality regarding the developed software was
assured by the ................................ The ................................ designed
attractive advertisements. The businessman also wished to take the
business online. For this ................................ assisted him. Since it
was required to manage all the places in the building from the office
................................ networked the business premises.

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