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NGC2 - WS - Chapter 10

1) Public education in the US is controlled at the state, district, and school level. States set curriculum requirements and the number of credits needed to graduate while districts and schools determine specific course content and electives. 2) Public schools are funded through a combination of federal, state, and local taxes, with the majority coming from state and local sources. 3) Key issues in public education include unequal access to opportunities between wealthy and poor districts and competition from private schools. Reforms like charter schools, vouchers, and national standards aim to address these issues but have faced criticism.

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76 views3 pages

NGC2 - WS - Chapter 10

1) Public education in the US is controlled at the state, district, and school level. States set curriculum requirements and the number of credits needed to graduate while districts and schools determine specific course content and electives. 2) Public schools are funded through a combination of federal, state, and local taxes, with the majority coming from state and local sources. 3) Key issues in public education include unequal access to opportunities between wealthy and poor districts and competition from private schools. Reforms like charter schools, vouchers, and national standards aim to address these issues but have faced criticism.

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Lương Thị Kim Chung

Chapter 10: Public Education in the United States


U.S. public schools – intro
A. 1_children_ (must att) to age 16 or gr 19
B. fr K/1st (age 5/6) to 12th gr (18) = “2___K through 12__”
C. 90% stud in pub. sch; sm no. priv sch.
+ priv: relig 3__or_secular__; pub: 4__secular___
D. No national curric or exams
+ Fed gov. fund special prog
a. 5__handicapped___
b. 6__bilingual___
Control of edu by indiv states (today)
I. 3 levels of contrl w/i a state
II. How edu funded
III. Issues + efforts (st & nat) to fix

I. Three Levels of Control w/n States


A. Sta Dept of Edu
1. Responsibilities
a. Sets curriculum requirem’ts
b. 7____set the number of credits a student must complete __
B. School district
1. Numbers depend on 8___the size of the state + its population___
2. School board is elected or appointed
3. Responsibilities
a. 9___specific content of course__
i. required courses
ii. 10___choice of electives____
b. hires teacher & admin
C. 11.__The school___
1. Teachers’ responsibilities
a. 12__how to teach each course___
b. 13__preparing + giving classroom exam____
II. How Edu Is Funded
Pub sch funded by:
+ fed gov’t
+ 15___state + local taxes __
(E.g. 2010: 12 % from fed gov’t, 43% fr 17_states__, 44% fr 18__local
communities_)
ne
III. Edu Issues + Efforts to Fix
A. Issues:
1. 19_ inequality of edu opportunity__: pub sch funded mainly fr local taxes  chil in poorer
areas not receive as gd edu as wealthier areas
2. 20__priv sch__ stud’s par pay tuition. Par may wonder why have 2 pay tax 4 pub sch.
B. Efforts to fix
1. State lev:
a. Charter School = 21__type of public sch__:
- fund’g fr taxes
- compt w/ reg pub schls for Ss
- operate
+ under 22__charter / contract___
+ 23__ contract ___ ( i.e. > indep)
• selectng Ts
• curric
• $$
- CSs-Stats
• 1st chart sch opened t/w 24__the end of the 1980s___
• AY 1999/2000 à 2009/10 # Ss á fr _0,3 – 1,6M_(4X á)
• AY 2009/10 CSs = ___5%___
- effective ?? - studies mixed
- Critics fear CSs mngd by priv comp’s w/ intrust in $$ not edu
b. __The school voucher_
- Basic idea: Par choose sch 4 chil (pub/ priv)
 that sch receive ___a set amount of money per student___
- Vou sch usu = priv sch usu. __affiliataed with religious organizations___
- Sch vou concept > controversial w. both support & oppose
2. Nat lev:
a. Edu bill NCLB (‘___No Chirld Left Behind___’)
- Sta & impl test prog & oth sys  ensure _adequate__
- Widely criticized 4 many reas.
b. __Common Core States Standards____(CCSS)
- Establ clear goals  Ss prepared 4 success
- Aim to __provide stu with skills + knowledge

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