Talojongon, Tigaon, Camarines Sur
PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
1st Semester, Module 4
JAMILLE ANN S. POLIDO
Instructor
MODULE 4: COMMUNICATION FOR VARIOUS PURPOSES
Time Frame/ Number of Hours – 3 hours
I. OBJECTIVES/ LEARNING OUTCOMES
In this module you are expected to:
Create a public service announcement regarding environmental disaster preparedness
employing the concepts of informative, persuasive, and argumentative communication
Compare and contrast the different modes of delivering a speech
Deliver effectively a message to an audience
II. MOTIVATION
“The improvement of understanding is for two ends: first our own increase of knowledge;
secondly, to enable us to deliver that knowledge to others.”
1. What do you think does John Locke mean?
2. In which aspect of your field do you find Locke’s idea most relevant? Explain.
III. INTRODUCTION
Communication is made for numerous purposes. The way messages are crafted depends highly on
the intention of the sender.
In a supermarket, a sales agent makes sure that the way a product is promoted gets consumers
buying. A news anchor delivers information in such away that all the facts are clearly stated doing away
with words that may cause confusion. On the other hand, a criminal lawyer must design his arguments
supported by facts to convince the judge and the jury.
IV. CONTENT
Informative Communication involves giving than asking. As an informative communicator, you
want your receivers to pay attention and understand, but not to change their behavior. By sharing
information, ignorance is reduced, or better yet, eliminated. The informative value of a message is
measured by how novel and relevant the information is or the kind of understanding it provides the
receivers.
Osborn (2009) purports that informative communication arises out of three deep impulses:
a. We seek to expand our awareness of the world around us.
b. We seek to become more competent.
c. We have an abiding curiosity about how things work and how they are made.
When preparing for an informative exchange, ask yourself the following questions:
1. Is my topic noteworthy to be considered informative?
2. What do my recipients already know about my topic?
3. What more do they have to do?
4. Am I knowledgeable enough of my topic to help my receivers understand it?
Persuasive Communication is an art of gaining fair and favorable considerations for our point of view.
It
a. provides a choice among options.
b. advocates something through a speaker.
c. uses supporting material to justify advice.
d. turns the audience into agents of change.
e. asks for strong audience commitment.
f. gives importance to the speaker’s credibility.
g. appeals to feelings.
h. has higher ethical obligation.
Argumentative Communication relies heavily on sound proof and reasoning. The nature of proof has
been studied since the Golden Age of Greece and has been improved through time. According to Aristotle,
logos, ethos and pathos are the three primary forms of proof. In our time, whoever, many scholars have
confirmed the presence of fourth dimension of proof, mythos, which suggests that we respond to appeals
to the traditions and values of our culture and to the legends and folktales that embody them.
Lucas (2007) claim that to avoid defective argumentation, the following must be avoided:
1. Defective evidence
Misuse of facts
Statistical fallacies
Defective testimony
Inappropriate evidence
2. Defective Patterns of reasoning
Evidential fallacies
a. Slippery slope
b. Confusing facts with opinion
c. Red herring
d. Myth of the mean
Flawed proofs
Defective arguments
Public speaking is a process of speaking in a structured, deliberate manner to inform, influence
or entertain an audience.
Speech is the term used to refer to the body spoken expressions of information and ideas. A
speech may be delivered in any of the following modes: read from a manuscript, memorized and
delivered extemporaneous or impromptu. The choice of mode of speech delivery is determined by factors
such as length of preparation, complexity of message, purpose, and occasion.
Reading from a Manuscript is appropriate when the speech is long and when details are
complicated and essential such as that they need to be given completely. Reading is also appropriate
when one is asked to deliver a prepared speech on behalf of another speaker. Reading may pose the east
challenge in public speaking but the speaker may be tricked into thinking that no preparation is needed.
When a message is delivered through reading, the force, naturalness, and eye contact may be diminished
because the eyes have to travel from page to the audience and vice versa.
Memorized speech requires a speaker to commit everything to memory. This method is excellent
for short messages although it is also used for long pieces in oratorical, declamation and other literary
contests. Just like a read speech, a memorized speech also poses challenge in naturalness. The worst
experience one could have in delivering a memorized speech is to forget the lines and fail to shift
smoothly to another mode of delivery.
Extemporaneous speaking may have a short or a long preparation. The speaker may use an
outline to guide him through his speech to achieve better organization and to avoid leaving out details.
But unlike reading, extemporaneous speaking is a method that most lecturers and teachers use. A good
extemporaneous speaker must be spontaneous.
Impromptu means speaking at the spur of the moment. Since there is very minimal or no time for
preparation given for impromptu, the content and organization may suffer. Impromptu may not deliver
the best in the best way but it brings out the most natural thing to say at the moment.
V. STUDENT ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
1. What is the difference between the informative communication and a persuasive communication?
Which do you think is more challenging in terms of preparation and delivery? (5points)
2. What ethical considerations must one bear in mind when informing, persuading or arguing?(5points)
3. Through a video, create a public service announcement regarding environmental disaster
preparedness. Employ the concepts leaned about informative, argumentative and persuasive
communication. (20points)
4. Using the tables below, compare and contrast extemporaneous speaking to/from
impromptu speaking, and manuscript from memorized by writing their differences in their
respective columns and their similarities in the middle column. (10 points)
1.
Impromptu Similarities Extemporaneous
2.
Manuscript Similarities Memorized
VI. SUMMARY
Informative Communication involves giving than asking. As an informative communicator, you
want your receivers to pay attention and understand, but not to change their behavior.
Persuasive Communication is an art of gaining fair and favorable considerations for our point of
view.
Argumentative Communication relies heavily on sound proof and reasoning. The nature of proof
has been studied since the Golden Age of Greece and has been improved through time.
Public speaking is a process of speaking in a structured, deliberate manner to inform, influence or
entertain an audience.
Reading from a Manuscript is appropriate when the speech is long and when details are
complicated and essential such as that they need to be given completely.
Memorized speech requires a speaker to commit everything to memory.
Extemporaneous speaking may have a short or a long preparation.
Impromptu means speaking at the spur of the moment.
VII. EVALUATION
TRUE OR FALSE: Write true if the statement if correct and false if not.
1. Argumentative communication relies heavily on sound proof and reasoning.
2. Informative communication involves giving than asking.
3. A good extemporaneous speaker must be spontaneous.
4. The worst experience one could have in delivering a memorized speech is to forget the
lines and fail to shift smoothly to another mode of delivery.
5. Reading from a manuscript is also appropriate when one is asked to deliver a prepared
speech on behalf of another speaker.
VIII. ASSIGNMENT
Answer the questions below.
1. What is a letter of inquiry?
2. When is writing a letter of inquiry more advantageous than conducting an interview?
IX. REFERENCES
Wakat, Geraldine S. PhD. Et. al. Purposive Communication.LORIMAR Publishing Inc. (2018).
Prepared by:
JAMILLE ANN S. POLIDO
Instructor
