AN INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH REPORT
ON
EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT
GUJARAT HEAVY CHEMICALS LIMITED
PREPARED BY: - SAJJAD HUSEIN GOVAL
ROLL NO. 23.
PROGRAMME: - BACHELOR BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
Semester: - 6
ACADAMIC YEAR: -
2017-2018
COLLEGE: -
SHRI K.M & SMT. K.K SAVJANI COLLEGE
SAURASTRA UNIVERSITY, RAJKOT
GUIDED BY – PROF. JALPA TANK
DECLARATION
I, the under sign SAJJAD HUSEIN GOVAL a student of T.Y.B.B.A.
hereby declare that the project work was submitted in this report is my
own contribution and is carried out under the supervision of PROF.
JALPA TANK of SHRI K.M & SMT K.K SAVJANI COLLEGE VERAVAL.
This work has not been previously submitted to any other
university for any examination.
Date:
Place: VERAVAL
( SAJJAD GOVAL )
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is really a matter of great pleasure for me to prepare project
report. At this stage project report is an important part of learning, and
every entrepreneur prepares it before he starts actual production.
I am heartily thankful to the Saurashtra University, which has
given me the golden opportunity to prepare the product project report
of bearings.
It is my pleasant duty to express my profound gratitude and
extreme regards and thanks to authorized person of for his valuable
guidance and for the time he spent to help me in preparing the project
report.
I would like to express my deep gratitude to Professor my
lecturer, for his helpful co-operation and guidance, without which my
efforts would have never been materialized in such words.
No serious & lasting achievement or success, one can ever achieve
without the help & guidance and co-operation of so many people
involved in the work.
PREFACE
Practical study a vital role in the field of education. It has been
introduce for the student to get practical knowledge along with the
theoretical knowledge. Only bookish learning anything especially for
the management students. How management principles are
implemented in business can only be known through practical study
through visit, student can be better.
The modern Business is placed on a very complex and intricate
political and economic environment. The opportunity and challenges
provided by these environments have profound impact on the business
and the type of product to be manufactured and marketed.
According to the above reviews, our Saurashtra University has
included practical training of any industry & viva of it is view to expand
my boundaries of thinking about implication of the theoretical
knowledge on practical field & have preferred for the same. I had
prepared research report on GHCL PVT LTD . It was really a nice
experience for me to get training in such a reputed company.
It is a matter of great pleasure to present this report work,
training in this unit has helped me to gain practical knowledge which
am sure would benefit me future. This project report is the result of
co-operation from the company & respondents and my hard effort.
INDEX
SR. NO PARTICULAR PAGE NO.
1 General information
2 Main report on employee empowerment
3 Research Methodology
4 Suggestion
5 Conclusion
6 Bibliography
GENERAL INFORMATION
SR.NO PRATICULAR PAGE.NO
1 History and Development
2 Introduction of company
3 Company profile
4 Size of the company
5 Form of organization
6 Organizational chart
7 Objective, Vision and Mission of company
8 Time keeping system
9 Product profile
1. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT
2. INTRODUCTION OF COMPANY
GHCL was incorporated on 14th of October 1983. The company has established
itself as a well-diversified group with an ascertained footprint in Chemical,
Textiles and Consumer Production Segment.
In Chemicals, the company mainly manufactures Soda Ash (Anhydrous
Sodium Carbonate) that is a major raw material for Detergents & Glass industries
and Sodium Bicarbonate (baking soda).
Its Textiles operations is an integrated vertical set up which commences
right from spinning of fiber (yarn), weaving, dyeing, printing till the finished
products, like sheets & duvets, take shape which are primarily exported worldwide.
Consumer Products operation is another business for GHCL where it is a
leader in manufacturing and selling Edible salt, Industrial grade salt and Honey in
the country.
GHCL Plant has a production capacity of 525000 MT per annum with
capability to convert about 250000 MT to Dense Ash. The major raw materials
such as salt, limestone and power are all captivity produced.
3. COMPANY PROFILE
NAME : GUJARAT HEAVY CHEMICALS PRIVATE
LIMITED
YEAR OF
ESTABLISHMENT : 14th October, 1983
FORM OF THE
ORGANIZATION : PUBLIC PRIVATE LIMITED COMPANY
OFFICE ADRESS : Sutrapada, Near Veraval,
District – Gir-Somnath
REGISTERED
OFFICE : GHCL House, 1st Floor,
Swastik Society, Opp. Punjabi Hall,
Navarangpura, Ahmedabad – 380009
CONTACT NO. : HEAD OFFICE: (0120) 253 533
REGISTERED OFFICE: (079) 264 275 19
FAX : HEAD OFFICE: (0210) 25 35 209
REGISTERED OFFICE: (079) 264 275
4. SIZE OF THE COMPANY
1) SMALL SCALE INDUSTRY
The investment limit for small scale industries and ancillary unit is Rs.1 crore. This
are the units with the capital investments of more than rupees 25 lakh but does not
exceed rupees 1 crore. They hire the labour normally less than 50%.They have
little capital resources and small labour force.
2) MEDIUM SCALE INDUSTRY
All industrial unit with a capital investment of more than the rupees 5 crore but not
exceeding rupees 10 crore are treated as medium scale industries. In medium scale
they also use modern methods of technology productions , as well as employee
labour on wages.
3) LARGE SCALE INDUSTRIES
An industries whose capital investment is more than 10 crore rupees are treated as
large scale industries. Those industries which employee 50 or more workers with
powers and those which employees 100 or more without powers. They use modern
methods of technology.
GUJARAT HEAVY CHEMIALS LIMITED is large scale industry. Because
in that industry, 2000+ employees are working and most of the departments
are having capital intensive technology. Which requires huge amount of
money.
5. FORM OF ORGANISATION
SOLE PROPRIETORISHIP:
In this type of company, there will only an owner who’ll generate
. fund, arrange finance for the firm by himself and regulates the firm by
. himself. Also main aim is to Profit Maximization.
PARTNERSHIP:
o In this type of company, there are some specific aims like, to expand
the business, to decrease the risks and responsibilities, wish to get
higher capital fund and also Profit Maximization. For these types of
aim two or more people will be come together and will regulate the
firm which will be known as partnership firm.
CO-OPRATIVE COMPANY:
o In this type of company, main aim is to promote the members of the
firm, increase the efficiency of the members in accordance with co-
operative principles.
JOINT STOCK COMPANY:
o As compared to sole proprietorship or partnership, this type of the
company will have got many more advantages like, it can have very
larger volume of the capital, better credit facilities, it can employ
various types of required managerial talent and it can also undertake a
greater degree of risk.
PUBLIC LIMITED COMPNANY:
In this type of company, general public or the Government have
majority of shares. So the management of company is also in
the Government’s hands. So, that type of company will be
known as public ltd company.
PRIVATE LIMITED COMPANY:
In this type company, generally there will be no any issuance of
shares. The promoters or owners will be take their fund and
regulate the firm privately. The main aim is Profit
Maximization.
GUJARAT HEAVY CHEMICALS LIMITED IS
PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY. BECAUSE COMPANY IS HAVING 49%
OF THE SHARES AND GOVERNMENT IS HAVING 51%.
6. ORGANISATIONAL CHART
7. OBJECTIVE, VISSION AND MISSION OF THE COMPANY
OBJECTIVES :-
To find HR department image among the employees in the organization
To know about HR policies & its implementation in the organization
To know satisfaction ratio of employees about current HR policies.
VISION
The vision of the company is to achieve leadership in profit margin in all our
businesses independently by the year 2018 through nurturing
entrepreneurship among our people, harnessing natural resources,
maximizing value to all stakeholders and protecting the environment, we
operate in.
MISSION
Our Core values at the forefront; we shall strive to engage with all our
business associates for continuous product and process innovation, enabling
ourselves in achieving customer delight through serviceability and quality.
8. TIME KEEPING SYSTEM
Time Keeping System is an important and basic function for every
organization. Each and every company has its own time keeping system.
GHCL has installed the attendance system for all employees. All the
personnel have been given identification cards with numbers. There are 3
shifts and one general shifts as follower.
TIME-KEEPING
SHIFT NO. TIME HOUR
1) FIRST 04:00 AM TO 12:00 PM 8:00 HOURS
2) SECOND 12:00 PM TO 08:00 PM 8:00 HOURS
3) THIRD 08:00 PM TO 04:00 AM 8:00 HOURS
4) GENERAL 08:00 AM TO 05:00 PM 9:00 HOURS
5) LUNCH 12:00 PM TO 01:00 PM 1:00 HOURS
TIME
TOTAL SHIFT HOURS 24 HOURS
There is a time office at the Main Gate. There is a gravity clock, which
punches the time and there are two boxes in and out at the time of arrival, every
worker have to place their cards in the box for punching the time by taking their
cards from provided respective box and again punch the same card in the out
box of the time of leaving the company.
9. PRODUCT PROFILE
This chart shows the production process of converting
raw materials in to the soda ash.
STAGE.1: Brine preparation and purification.
STAGE.2: Limestone burning to get CO2 and quick lime.
STAGE.3: Ammoniating of brine.
STAGE.4: Carbonation of ammoniated brine to get bi-carbonate slurry.
STAGE.5: Filtration of bi-carbonate slurry for solid/liquid separation.
STAGE.6: Conversion of bi-carbonate to light soda ash in calciners by
indirect heat transfer with steam.
STAGE.7: Recovery of ammonia from mother liquor separated at
f filters by reaction with lime.
STAGE.8: Densification of light soda ash by hydrating with water and
drying in Fluid bed dryer.
2. MAIN REPORT ON EMPLOYEE
EMPOWERMENT.
Meaning:
Empowerment is the process of enabling or authorizing an individual to think,
behave, take action, and control work and decision-making in autonomous ways.
Empowerment has become necessary due to the following reasons:
1. Time to respond has become much shorter.
2. First-line employees must make many decisions.
3. An employee feels much more control in their life since authority is given to
individual decision-making.
4. There is great untapped potential among employees, which can be revealed
through empowerment.
Definitions:
According to Bowen and Lawler, ’employee empowerment refers to the
management strategies for sharing decision-making power’.
ADVANTAGES OF EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT.
1. Boosts productivities :-
According to the GHCL and their managing body, by applying the activities of
employee empowerment they get more efficiency in working and does more
productivity as the personnel got skills to do it perfectly.
2. Reduce costs :-
As the manager says, employees get good enough trainings so the chances of
mistake are reduced, which will indirectly effect the company by reducing the cost
of production.
3. Improves the quality of work :-
By giving good, healthy and enough trainings and development. The employees
wil be able to do more good and efficient work while in production purpose. So it
enhance and improves the quality of work.
4. Clients are much happier :-
As the company said, by having good and healthy performance of the company,
the clients of the company will be attracted more and will be more happier to
invest their time and involvement.
5. Communication is boosted :-
Bye having and running good training and development, the communication
between all the employees and departments, the communication will be boosted,
which is indirectly a good and positive effect to the company.
DISADVANTAGES OF EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT.
1. Cost of training :-
As the company has to arrange about training and development activities, company
have to occur huge expense which definitely increases the cost of the company,
which proves increase of increase of cost of training.
2. Time consuming :-
As the managing body of the company says, that the process of employee
empowerment is the lengthy process which takes more time, which can be said as
disadvantage of the empowerment.
3. Abusing power :-
Most empowered employees tend to abuse their power when they have been given
the power to make decisions the way they want to. Which can give negative effect
to the company. And at some extent, company also finds such type of behavior.
4. Interpersonal realtions :-
With empowering employees comes the complexity of interpersonal relations.
They could bring conflicts and misunderstanding between employees and their
managers. GHCL also faces this types of conflicts as we get to know by the HR
relations department.
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PROCEDURE OF EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT.
PROCEDURE OF EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT.
1. Language :-
The first and formost step for employee empowerment activity, is to develop
the language and speaking skills. By making an employee a good speaker with
good vibes of language. He will be able to cooperate with his other mates in
formal and official language.
2. Cooperation :-
After enhancing language, the employee will enter in the next step, in which he
has to learn about cooperation. By understanding the value and concept of
cooperation, he will be easily able to deal with his team mates in future.
3. Computer system :-
Now a days, in every organization employee must be able to access the
computer system, because it is the basic need to continue the work. So, the
activity will help the employee to understand and access the computer system
for to do the work.
4. Task handling :-
In this step, employee will learn about his task, that what he has to do in his
work. All the things which are included in his work will be taught him. So, at
the time of getting his work, he should not do any mistakes and should do the
work efficiently, which is directly beneficial for the company.
5. Relationships :-
This is the last step of employee empowerment activity, in this step, employee
will be taught about how to deal with other employees. Who are the superiors
and who are the sub-ordinates. This things will help him out to do the work and
tackle all the things of the current situation.
OBJECTIVES OF EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMNET.
1. Optimum utilization of resources :-
Employee empowerment activities has the main goal to achieve the target
utilizing the resources as much as possible, weather it is human resources or
any other. This is beneficial to the company only, that’s why they focuse on
the employee empowerment.
2. Avoid mistakes :-
By giving all the necessary concepts, their main moto and objective is to
reduce the level of mistakes while doing the work, which is indirectly
beneficial to the company only.
3. Employee efficiency :-
By teaching the concepts of training and development, the objective of the
company is to focus on employee efficieny, which means to make them to
do work more effectively and efficiently. Which is directly beneficial to the
company, which will increase the level of quality in production.
4. Motivation of employees :-
By providing adequate training, it will boosts the moral of the employees,
which will lead the employees to do the work more honestly and efficiently.
So, this clearly states that due to the motivation of employees the work will
be done in more better way.
5. Clients are much happier :-
As the company said, by having good and healthy performance of the
company, the clients of the company will be attracted more and will be more
happier to invest their time and involvement.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
SR. Page
No.
NO.
PARTICULAR
1
Meaning
2 Objectives
3 Importance
4 Collection of data
1) Primary
2) secondary
5 Type of research
6 Sampling process
MEANING
Research comprises "creative work undertaken on a systematic basis in order to
increase the stock of knowledge, including knowledge of humans, culture and
society, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications." It is
used to establish or confirm facts, reaffirm the results of previous work, solve new
or existing problems, support theorems, or develop new theories. A research
project may also be an expansion on past work in the field. Research projects can
be used to develop further knowledge on a topic, or in the example of a school
research project, they can be used to further a student's research prowess to
prepare them for future jobs or reports. To test the validity of instruments,
procedures, or experiments, research may replicate elements of prior projects or
the project as a whole.
The primary purposes of basic research (as opposed to applied research) are
documentation, discovery, interpretation, or the research and development (R&D)
of methods and systems for the advancement of human knowledge. Approaches to
research depend on epistemologies, which vary considerably both within and
between humanities and sciences. There are several forms of research: scientific,
humanities, artistic, economic, social, business, marketing, practitioner research,
life, technological, etc.
OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
The primary objectives of research are
Emphasize how aims are to be accomplished
Address the more immediate project outcomes
Make accurate use of concepts
Must be sensible and precisely described
Should read as an 'individual' statement to convey your intentions
To analyze an event or process or phenomenon to identify the cause and
effect relationship
To develop new scientific tools, concepts and theories to solve and
understand scientific and nonscientific problems
To find solutions to scientific, nonscientific and social problems and
To overcome or solve the problems occurring in our everyday life.
To develop a budget for reducing pollution by a particular enterprise.
IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH
Research is important both in scientific and nonscientific fields. In our life new
problems, events, phenomena and processes occur every day. Practically,
implementable solutions and suggestions are required for tackling new problems
that arise. Scientists have to undertake research on them and find their causes,
solutions, explanations and applications.
Some important avenues of research are:
1. The purpose of research is to inform action. Thus, your study should seek to
contextualize its findings within the larger body of research. Research must
always be high quality in order to produce knowledge that is applicable outside
of the research setting with implications that go beyond the group that has
participated in the research. Furthermore, the results of your study should have
implications for policy and project implementation.
2. A research problem refers to a difficulty which a researcher or a scientific
community or an industry or a government organization or a society
experiences. It may be a theoretical or a practical situation. It calls for a
thorough understanding and possible solution.
3. Research on existing theories and concepts help us identify the range and
applications of them.
4. It is the fountain of knowledge and provides guidelines for solving problems.
5. Research provides basis for many government policies. For example, research on
the needs and desires of the people and on the availability of revenues to meet the
needs helps a government to prepare a budget.
6. It is important in industry and business for higher gain and productivity and to
improve the quality of products.
7. It leads to the identification and characterization of new materials, new living
things, new stars, etc.
8. Social research helps find answers to social problems. They explain social
phenomena and seek solution to social problems.
COLLECTION OF DATA
Whatever information data is gathered mainly they are received from two
Sources primary and secondary data.
•Most of the information was gathered from
primary data. Questions were asked to the
Primary data employees and they gave the relevant
information.
•Here questionnaire method is used for survey
of the data.
•Some information received from the
secondary data. There are two types of
secondary data.
Secondary data
•Internal Sources
External Sources
The primary data are collected by the following methods.
1.Direct personal investigation (Face -to -face interviews)
2. Indirect personal investigation (Telephone interviews)
3. Investigation thought questionnaire (Web based questionnaires)
4. Investigation through questionnaire in the charge if enumerator
5. Investigation through local’s reports (Documents Review)
1. Direct Personal Investigation:
According to this methods the investigator has to collect his
information himself personally form the source concerned. It means the
investigator should be at the spot where the enquiry is being conducted, it is also
expected that the investigator should be very polite and courteous. These
interviews yield highest response rates in survey research. They also allow the
researcher to clarify ambiguous answers and when appropriate, seek follow-up
information.
2. Indirect Personal Investigation:
This method is used when the informants are reluctant to give the
definite information. e.g., if a government servant is asked to give the information
regarding his income.
He will not be willing to give the information for the additional income which he
earned by doing part time worked. In such cases what is done? The investigators
puts the informant some suitable indirect question which provides him some
suitable information. Thus the only difference between the first and the second
methods is that in the first methods he investigator puts directs question and
collect the information while in the second methods no direct question is put to the
informant but only indirect questions are asked. Usually a list of question is
prepared which is put before the collected by this method largely depends upon
the persons who are selected to give information.
3. Investigation Through Questionnaire:
According to this method a standard list of questions relating to the
particular investigation is prepared. This list of questions is called a questionnaire.
The data are collected “By sending the questionnaire to the informants and
requesting them to return the questionnaire after answering the questions. “ This
method is an important one and is usually used by research workers, non-official
bodies and private individuals.
4. Investigation Through Questionnaire In Charge Of Enumerators:
According into this method enumerators are appointed who go to the
informants with the questionnaire and help them in recording the answer. Here the
enumerators explain the background, aim and object of the problem under
investigation and emphasize the necessity of giving correct answer. They also help
the informants in understanding some technical terms of question the concept of
which is not clear to the informants. Thus the questionnaire is filled by the
informants in the presence and help of the enumerators.
5. Investigation Through Local Reports:
According to this method the collection of data is neither through the
questionnaire nor through the enumerators but through local correspondents. This
method of collecting the data is not reliable and it should be used only at those
places where the purpose the investigation is served by rough estimates.
Secondary data can be collected by following ways:
Secondary data refers to data that was collected by someone other than the user.
Common sources of secondary data for social science include censuses, information
collected by government departments, organizational records and data that was
originally collected for other research purposes.
Secondary data analysis can save time that would otherwise be spent collecting data
and, particularly in the case of quantitative data, can provide larger and higher-
quality databases that would be unfeasible for any individual researcher to collect on
their own.
1. Technical and trade journals
2. Public Records
3. Official publication
4. Report of various businesses, banks etc.
5. magazines
TYPE OF RESEARCH
There are MAIN two types which can be done to develop a thesis or dissertation:
Practical Research: The practical approach consists of the empirical study of
the topic under research and chiefly consists of hands on approach. This
involves first hand research in the form of questionnaires, surveys, interviews,
observations and discussion groups.
Theoretical Research: A non empirical approach to research, this usually
involves perusal of mostly published works like researching through archives of
public libraries, court rooms and published academic journals.
SELECTED TYPE
To complete this research report the type of research selected is “Practical
Research”, as I have done the practical observation of the situations by undergoing
the official training of 15 days in GHCL.
SELECTED TYPE OF DATA COLLECTION
The main types of data collection are:
PRIMARY DATA
I. Direct personal investigation.
II. Indirect personal investigation
III. Investigation thought questionnaire.
IV. Investigation through questionnaire in the charge if enumerator
V. Investigation through local’s reports
.
SECONDARY DATA
So from above mentioned types of data collection the method used for this research
report is “Primary Data Collection” method through ‘Direct Personal Investigation
SAMPLING PROCESS
It is the aggregate of all the elements define prior to the selection of the sample.
It is necessary to define the population in terms of the element, sampling unit,
extant and time. I have conducted a survey of employees and to know the effect
of their work life balance on their performance in GHCL. Theses specifications are
as follow.
Element : -
Time : - 15 days
• Specifying the sampling method:
It indicates how the sample units are selected. I have selected CONVENIENCE
SAMPLING METHOD. The project last 15 days and cover all the topics related to
the work life balance.
• Sample size decision:
In this case population and sample both are well defined for the Orbit Bearings
Private Limited Company as per the convenience also this can be arranged in
order as per wish which would be easily assessable.
• Selecting the sample:
So far as my research is concerned I have taken sample size 100 employees from
1000 permanent and 1000 casual workers.
QUESTIONARIE
(Q.1) Do you think that employee empowerment is beneficial for the employees ?
(A) YES.
YES
NO
Interpretation
In my survey, I found that 70% of the employees are getting the benefits
of this concept and activities, and rest of the employees are not getting the benefits
as thry are not interested to accept the new concept.
(Q.2) Do you think, employee empowerment and training activities will results in
reducing the mistakes in work ?
(A) YES.
YES
NO
Interpretation.
While doing the survey, I found that company is getting benefit of
reducing the mistakes while doing the work. After the concept came, 70% of the
work is done witout doing any of the mistakes.
(Q.3) Do you think, employee empowerment will help in doing the work more
efficiently and effectively ?
(A) YES.
YES
NO
Interpretation.
During the survey, i came to knew that employees are working whole
heartedly and doing the work with the boosted morale, which results into efficient
and effective work. While comparing this with previous year, I found that 70% of
the employees as well as work is done efficiently and effectively.
(Q.4) Do you think, this activities will attract the company clients and investors ?
(A) YES.
YES
NO
Interpretation.
In survey, while comparison of the investor’s percentage with the previous
year, I found that 15% of the investors are increased. In previous year investor’s
were about 55% and in this year it increased and touched the platform of 70%.
Which is very good indicator for the company performance.
(Q.5) Do you think, activities like employee empowerment will increase the
productivity and work ?
(A) YES.
YES
NO
Interpretation.
During the survey, I found that by introducing this concept, employees
are more happier and positive towards their work. So, it results in increase
productivity. According to the numbers, the rate of work is increased by 10%,
comes at 70%.
(Q.6) Do you think, this activities will create healthy and positive work
environment ?
(A) YES.
YES
NO
Interpretation.
By doing the survey, I came to knew that, the work environment got
positive to some extent, which helps the employees to do work more
enthusiastically. And for knowing numerically, I will give 70% for the positive
environment and 30% negative environment.
(Q.7) Do you think, employee empowerment activities will help in the
development of employees ?
(A) YES.
YES
NO
Interpretation.
Most of the employees are interested in this concept and they are
happily accepting to this concept, so they are able to understand the concept and
making their own development. 70% of the employees can be said as developing
by the concept and rest of are not because they are not interested.
(Q.8) Do you think, employee empowerment concept is widely acceptable in all
type of industries ?
(A) YES.
YES
NO
Interpretation.
Most of the industries, wheather it is small or large scale industry, this
concept is used widely. 70% of the industries are accessing this concept without
any hurdles.
(Q.9) Do you think, the Government will give support to the companies who are
having the concept of employee empowerment ?
(A) YES.
YES
NO
Interpretation.
Yes, Government gives support to thos industries who accepted and
accesses this concept, in terms of loans, subsidies, grants, taxes, etc. and those
industries who don’t access this concept are left for getting this benefits.
(Q.10) Do you think, this concept will help in making healthy relations between
the employees ?
(A) YES.
YES
NO
Interpretation.
During the survey, I found that this concept increases the level of positive
relationship among the employees. It increases the level of percentage about 70%
and some of the employees are arrogant and not interested results into 30% of the
employees.