Profibus
2 ｜Sinergia_Engineering – [Hardware plan]
Topics
• Profibus Presentation
• Characteristics
• Bus Distribution
• Profibus Components, Addressing
• Bus Termination
• Malfunctions and Diagnoses
3 ｜Sinergia_Engineering – [Hardware plan]
Profibus Presentation
PROFIBUS (=Process Field Bus)
Initiated in 1987 as a joint project of the German industry
Standards: DIN 19245 part 1, 2, 3
IEC 1158-2 (intrinsically safe bus physics)
EN 50170 (international since 1996)
Three variants:
DP decentralised periphery (fast cyclic data transmission
FMS Fieldbus Message Specification (universal communication tasks)
PA Process automation (process technology, for intrinsically safe area)
4 ｜Sinergia_Engineering – [Hardware plan]
Profibus Presentation
Reasons for Profibus Application in Bottling plants Technology:
• High data security
Use of "twisted pair" or fibre-optic cables
• Flexibility
One system with interfaces for different demands
Optimum adjustment of the network topology
possible
Transmission over long distances
• Standardised and open network
Large selection of components and systems on the
market
Manufacturer-independent network
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General Network Hierarchies
Ethernet (TCP/IP)
Control
level
LDS
Profibus FMS or Daten-Server
Ethernet (TCP/IP)
Cell level
B&R
Touch X20
Profibus DP
Field level
ASI
Drives
Drives
Master
DP/DP
Coupler
Actuator/
Sensor level
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Characteristics
• Transmission physics RS 485 (symmetrical data transmission, multi-point
compatible)
• Transmission rate 9.6 kBit/s - 12 MBit/s
(krones standard: 1.5 MBit/s)
• Transmission medium Electrical: shielded and twisted two-wire cable
Optical: fibre-optic cables (glass and plastic)
• Max. number of stations 127 (32 stations per segment)
(krones: max. 96 stations)
• Network size Electrical: max. 9.6 km (depending on data rate)
Optical: more than 100 km (depending on data rate)
• Topology Line
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Kenndaten
RS 485 Transmission Physics
Differential mode voltage A – B (approx. 5V)
→ potential A higher than potential B (log. 0)
→ potential B higher than potential A (log. 1)
+12 V
-7 V Bus line
A B
Transmitter Receiver
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Characteristics
Symmetrical data transmission according to EIA RS485 standard
+5V +5V
390Ω
Differential
220Ω 1 0 1 1 0 1
mode voltage
approx. 5V
390Ω
2 3 127
Master/PLC
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Bus Distribution
Connection diagram, assembly 0501
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Bus Distribution
Segments and Repeaters
- Stub Segment 1
RS 485-
Repeater
Segment 2
RS 485-
Repeater
Segment 3
A bus section comprises max. 32 stations and is called "segment“
At the end, a repeater must be inserted.
11 ｜Sinergia_Engineering – [Hardware plan]
Profibus Components, Addressing
Addressing of the Profibus stations
The Profibus stations are addressed:
1. In the hardware configuration of the S7 software
2. At the unit itself via DIP switches (binary code) or rotary switches
with units and ten digits
The Profibus address and the position of the DIP switches is shown on the component
in the hardware wiring diagram.
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Profibus Components, Addressing
Hardwareconfiguration S7/PLC
DP/DP- Koppler
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Profibus Components, Addressing
PLC S7
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Profibus Components, Addressing
AS-i Master
Adressing in the main menu
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Profibus Components, Addressing
Danfoss frequency inverter
Adressing
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Profibus Components, Addressing
DP/DP Coupler
Adressing
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Profibus Components, Addressing
Signal exchange via Profibus
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Profibus Components, Addressing
Repeater
Terminating resistor
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Bus Termination
Bus Connector
Each line (Segment) must be terminated at the first and last node with a terminating resistor (220 Ω ),
in order to avoid interfering reflections.
Terminating resistor
390 Ω
switch
220 Ω
390 Ω
Pin 5 Pin 6 Pin 8 Pin 3
(GND) (+5V) (A) (B)
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Bus Termination
Bus Connector/ Tool
connector design
Stripper for Profibus cable
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Bus Termination/ Signal processings
Bus terminated at both ends Bus terminated at one end
Bus without terminating resistor Bus with three switched terminating resistors
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Malfunctions and Diagnostics
Possible Profibus network malfunctions:
• Address was not set or was set incorrectly.
• The terminating resistor was not set as shown
in the diagram.
• Broken cable
• The cores in Profibus plugs A (green) and B
(red) were switched.
• The Profibus cable was put together with the
motor cable.
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Malfunctions and Diagnostics
Fault indication on the touchscreen
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Malfunctions and Diagnostics
Diagnostic on the touchscreen
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Malfunctions and Diagnostics
Profibus testing tool
The signal of the noise ratio can be checked by using special testing tools (e.g., Profibus tester PBT3).
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Malfunctions and Diagnostics
Profibus testing tool
Questions?
