Whales and Fish

Whales and fish both live in the water, but they are
different in many ways. Whales are large animals that live
in the water. Even though whales live in the water, they
must come to the top of the water to get air. When they
come to the top of the water, whales breathe in air through
a hole in the top of their heads. At the same time, they
blow out old air. Whales don't get air like fish. Fish take in
air from the water.

Mother whales give birth to live whales. The baby

whale must come to the top of the water right away for air.
The baby drinks milk from its mother for about a year. Then

r~
it finds its own food. Fish have babies in a different way.
Most mother fish lay eggs. The babies are born when the
eggs hatch. Right after they are born, the baby fish must
find their own food.

Whales and fish are alike in some ways too. Whales

and fish have flippers on their sides. They also have fins
on their tails. Flippers and fins help whales and fish swim.
Fins move and push the water away.

\...,.- I
I

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WhiJesnjf!Sh 193
Level:Two
S'- (
their heads. At the same time, they blow .-old
Expository
air. Whales don't get air like fish. Fish take~air
Concept Questions:
from the water.
How do whak>s breathe? (3: 1hrough a hok in 1hc lop of r••1.e
lheir head; through thdr blowholc; 2: through a hole; through Mother whales give birth to live whales. The
thdr head; 1: through 1heir gills) J,~t~, .
6(owl"o\e. baby whttle- must eome te the top of the water nght
i~1,1,zs J,;f\k
away for air. The -1,aby milk from its mother
6)2-1-0) ..fei: about a ~~r. it finds its own food. Fish
What does "baby animals staying with their mother• b.1r in a different way.~ mother r·1sh
.ai'll'e'~
mean to you? 0: 1ha11hc babies need their mother to live/
survive; 2: baby sleeping with its moiher; a baby gcttingfood o.t¥1 H•r
from its mother; 1: living with their mother)
lay eggsl"}he babies are born whei1 the eggs- hatch;

f ;ke, OoJenf ino Right after they are born, the baby fish must find ~J
' v ,o.u--~C.
their own' food.
(3~ 1-0)
Whales and fish are alike in some ways~
How are baby flSh born? (3: from eggs that hatch; 2: they (
hatch; 1: in the water) Whales and fish have flippers on their sides. They
,, +r- o\-'"V"\ eg (l $ also have fins on their tails. Flippers and fins help

whales and fish swim. Fins move and push the

6;2-1-0)

Score: .....]_/9 = ft% water away. (198 words)

_L_ FAM (2: 55%)_ _ UNFAM
Note: Underlined words are on the first-grade or second-grade Number of Total Miscues
word lists. (Total Accuracy): _,i,,_8,.______

Number of Meaning-Change Miscues

Whales and Fish (Total Acceptability): _q~-----
sc.
OJ""e. Total Accuracy Total Acceptability
Whales-encl fish both live in the water, but they are
0-4 miscues _ _ Independent 0-4 miscues
different in many ways. Whales are large animals
will
5-20 miscues 1:a.. instructional _:i_ 5-10 miscues
that live in-liA@1water. E~en though whales)ive in 21 + miscues Frustration 11 + miscues
Rate: 198 X 60 = 11,880 /_ID_ seconds = tfL
the water, they must come to the top of the water WPM
; a..;1He~
to get When they ,ome to th@ ~013 of the water, WCPM: ( 198 - 18 error) X 60 = JP,'iOtJf 80
seconds = i35 WCPM - - - -
whales~ in air through a hole in the top of
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204 Section 10 I QRJ-7 T~ Materials: Word Lists and Level-Diagnostic Passages

level: Two

Oral Reading Prosody Scale-QRl-7 Details

Whales and fish have Oippers on their sides.
Directions: Please cirde the number below that best repre-
They have fins on their tails.
sents the students one-minute oral reading or this passage.
- - Flippers and fins help whales and f15h swim.
4 3 1 I
- - Fins move and push the water away.
Reads Reads Reads Reads
primarily in primarily in primarily in primarily
larger, mean- three- or two-word word-by-
ingful phrase four-word phrases with word with Questions for "Whales and Fish"
groups. phrase some three- occasional
Some or groups. orfour-word two-word or l . What is this passage mainly about? ·
most of the Little orno groupings. three-word Implicit: how whales and fish are alike and dif-
story is read expressive Word phrases.
with expres- interpreta- groupings ferent
sion. tion is pres-
ent
maybeawlc-
ward.
Ip Show +h~ dif.ferance ~+\,Veen
i,,..t1~s "V\J f;sh.
Retelling Scoring Sheet for
"Whales and Fish"

Main Idea 2. According to the passage, how a~e whales and

Whales and fish both live in the water, fish different?
_L_ but they are different in many ways. Explicit: whales breathe air, and f15h take in air
from the water; whales give birth to live babies,
Details ·and fish lay eggs; baby whales get food from their
mother, and baby fish have to get it for themselves
Whales are large animals.
They must come to the top or the water to 68cc.'-'Se L.Jh"-le.s brea-.+he.. o.il"' +h"ol.A.3h
get air. b\owhole. Fish 6-~+h air tkro<A3l-
Whales breathe in air through a hole in the +'he 1,,10.f£r.
top of their heads.
At the same time, they blow out old air.
---:;;;- Fish take in air from the water.
- - Mother whales give birth to live whales.
- - The baby whale comes to the top or the 3. According to the passage, name another way that
- - water right away for air. whales and fish are different.
The baby drinks milk from its mother for Explicit: any other of the above answers
about a year.
Most mother fish lay eggs.
Who.le.s o.re. ""°'""""°'\s. Fi sh a.re. .fi~h.
- - The babies are born when the eggs hatch.
- - Right after they are born, the baby ftsh must
- find their own food.

Main Idea
Whales and fish are alike in some ways too.
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Whales and Fish 205
Level:Two

What pan of the whale is like our nose? 7. Where are fins found on fish and whales?
Implicit: the air hole or the hole in the whales Explicit: on the tail
head
lop of' +l-.e;r he.oJ wl-;d, On +he side-.
i S co.I led °' b)owhofe.

8. Why might a mother fish not know her baby?

5 · Why does a baby whale stay with its mother for Implidt: the mother does not see the babies when
a year? they are born; or the babies hatch from eggs
Implicit: it gets food from its mother
Be.c.0.1.cse, vJ~&h +h~ bo.'e,e.~ o.re.
"Th~y 3ro-...i ve.ry slow,
+
born he.y ~e.e.J -1-o .f;w--.c:I fooJ.

6. What pan of whales and fish are alike?

Explicit: fins or flippers
i 1--ey bof h ho.Ve tin~ 1
o..nJ +Iippers.
ll

Number Correct Explicit: 2

Number Correct Implicit: $
Total:
_ _ Independent: 8 correct
£ Instructional: 6-7 correct
Frustration: 0-5 correct

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206 Section IO/ QPJ· 7 Test Materials: Word Lists and Leo.,el-Diagnostic Passages